---
_id: '47961'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Due to failures or even the absence of an electricity grid, microgrid
systems are becoming popular solutions for electrifying African rural communities.
However, they are heavily stressed and complex to control due to their intermittency
and demand growth. Demand side management (DSM) serves as an option to increase
the level of flexibility on the demand side by scheduling users’ consumption patterns
profiles in response to supply. This paper proposes a demand-side management strategy
based on load shifting and peak clipping. The proposed approach was modelled in
a MATLAB/Simulink R2021a environment and was optimized using the artificial neural
network (ANN) algorithm. Simulations were carried out to test the model’s efficacy
in a stand-alone PV-battery microgrid in East Africa. The proposed algorithm reduces
the peak demand, smoothing the load profile to the desired level, and improves
the system’s peak to average ratio (PAR). The presence of deferrable loads has
been considered to bring more flexible demand-side management. Results promise
decreases in peak demand and peak to average ratio of about 31.2% and 7.5% through
peak clipping. In addition, load shifting promises more flexibility to customers.
article_number: '5215'
author:
- first_name: Godiana Hagile
full_name: Philipo, Godiana Hagile
id: '88505'
last_name: Philipo
- first_name: Josephine Nakato
full_name: Kakande, Josephine Nakato
id: '88649'
last_name: Kakande
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: Philipo GH, Kakande JN, Krauter S. Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management
in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping.
Energies. 2022;15(14). doi:10.3390/en15145215
apa: Philipo, G. H., Kakande, J. N., & Krauter, S. (2022). Neural Network-Based
Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting
and Peak-Clipping. Energies, 15(14), Article 5215. https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215
bibtex: '@article{Philipo_Kakande_Krauter_2022, title={Neural Network-Based Demand-Side
Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and
Peak-Clipping}, volume={15}, DOI={10.3390/en15145215},
number={145215}, journal={Energies}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Philipo, Godiana
Hagile and Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2022} }'
chicago: Philipo, Godiana Hagile, Josephine Nakato Kakande, and Stefan Krauter.
“Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery
Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping.” Energies 15, no. 14 (2022).
https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215.
ieee: 'G. H. Philipo, J. N. Kakande, and S. Krauter, “Neural Network-Based Demand-Side
Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and
Peak-Clipping,” Energies, vol. 15, no. 14, Art. no. 5215, 2022, doi: 10.3390/en15145215.'
mla: Philipo, Godiana Hagile, et al. “Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management
in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping.”
Energies, vol. 15, no. 14, 5215, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:10.3390/en15145215.
short: G.H. Philipo, J.N. Kakande, S. Krauter, Energies 15 (2022).
date_created: 2023-10-11T08:13:13Z
date_updated: 2024-10-17T08:46:23Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.3390/en15145215
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '14'
keyword:
- Energy (miscellaneous)
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Renewable Energy
- Sustainability and the Environment
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Control and Optimization
- Engineering (miscellaneous)
- Building and Construction
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Energies
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1996-1073
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery
Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping
type: journal_article
user_id: '16148'
volume: 15
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '22217'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Khatibi A. Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz
bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung
Deutschlands. In: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online,
ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. . Conexio; 2021:301-304.'
apa: Krauter, S., & Khatibi, A. (2021). Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung
und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100%
EE-Versorgung Deutschlands. Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021,
online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , 301–304.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Khatibi_2021, place={Pforzheim}, title={Einfluss
von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf
und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands}, booktitle={Tagungsband
des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304.
}, publisher={Conexio}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Khatibi, Arash}, year={2021},
pages={301–304} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Arash Khatibi. “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung
und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100%
EE-Versorgung Deutschlands.” In Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai
2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , 301–4. Pforzheim: Conexio,
2021.'
ieee: S. Krauter and A. Khatibi, “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und
Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100%
EE-Versorgung Deutschlands,” in Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai
2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , Staffelstein / online,
2021, pp. 301–304.
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Arash Khatibi. “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung
und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100%
EE-Versorgung Deutschlands.” Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021,
online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , Conexio, 2021, pp. 301–04.
short: 'S. Krauter, A. Khatibi, in: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai
2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , Conexio, Pforzheim, 2021,
pp. 301–304.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-05-26
location: Staffelstein / online
name: 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021
start_date: 2021-05-18
date_created: 2021-05-20T09:51:14Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T11:46:47Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T11:44:09Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T11:44:09Z
file_id: '29169'
file_name: Staffelstein 2021 Krauter Khatibi S.301-304.pdf
file_size: 3540634
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T11:44:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: ger
page: 301-304
place: Pforzheim
publication: 'Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3,
S. 301-304. '
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-948176-14-3
publication_status: published
publisher: Conexio
status: public
title: Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module
auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24551'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Access to precise meteorological data is crucial to be able to plan and install
renewable energy systems \r\nsuch as solar power plants and wind farms. In case
of solar energy, knowledge of local irradiance and air temperature \r\nvalues
is very important. For this, various methods can be used such as installing local
weather stations or using \r\nmeteorological data from different organizations
such as Meteonorm or official Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). An \r\nalternative
is to use satellite reanalysis datasets provided by organizations like the National
Aeronautics and Space \r\nAdministration (NASA) and European Centre for Medium-Range
Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In this paper the \r\n“Modern-Era Retrospective analysis
for Research and Applications” dataset version 2 (MERRA-2) will be presented,
\r\nand its performance will be evaluated by comparing it to locally measured
datasets provided by Meteonorm and DWD. \r\nThe analysis shows very high correlation
between MERRA-2 and local measurements (correlation coefficients of 0.99) \r\nfor
monthly global irradiance and air temperature values. The results prove the suitability
of MERRA-2 data for \r\napplications requiring long historical data. Moreover,
availability of MERRA-2 for the whole world with an acceptable \r\nresolution
makes it a very valuable dataset."
author:
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Khatibi A, Krauter S. Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite
Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD).
In: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and
Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021). ; 2021:1141-1147. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11'
apa: 'Khatibi, A., & Krauter, S. (2021). Comparison and Validation of Irradiance
Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather
Service (DWD). Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 1141–1147. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Khatibi_Krauter_2021, title={Comparison and Validation of
Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German
Weather Service (DWD)}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)}, author={Khatibi, Arash and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2021},
pages={1141–1147} }'
chicago: 'Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance
Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather
Service (DWD).” In Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy
Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 1141–47, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11.'
ieee: 'A. Khatibi and S. Krauter, “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data:
Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service
(DWD),” in Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1141–1147, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11.'
mla: 'Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance
Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather
Service (DWD).” Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy
Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1141–47, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11.'
short: 'A. Khatibi, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1141–1147.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
name: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2021-09-16T10:20:41Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:29:51Z
ddc:
- '550'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:26:47Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:26:47Z
file_id: '29176'
file_name: Khatibi Krauter - MERRA 2 vs Meteonorm - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf
file_size: 2475972
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:26:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Energy potential estimation
- Photovoltaic
- Solar radiation
- Temperature measurement
- Satellite data
- Meteonorm
- MERRA-2
- DWD
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1141 - 1147
publication: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 3-936338-78-7
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset
MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD)'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24550'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market
during 2014‒2021 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies
as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked
according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors
via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp (until
2020) and 360 Wp (starting 2021). Inverters \r\nwith two inputs have been fed
by two of those modules. DC input, AC power output and energy yield of each micro\x02inverter
have been recorded by individual calibrated electricity meters. CEC and EU efficiency
rankings have been \r\ncomputed and compared. To assess the influence of PV module
size, two extremes have been investigated: A rather \r\nsmall module with 215
Wp - as it has been used 10 years ago, and a brand-new module (2021) offering
360 Wp. Both \r\ntypes of modules contain 60 solar cells in series connection.
Appling the low-power modules, the challenge for the \r\ndifferent micro-inverters
has been during weak-light conditions, using the high-power modules, some inverters
\r\ntemporarily reach their power limits and yield is reduced. A method using
a reference configuration of inverter & \r\nmodule and a linear equation y = ax
+ b resulting in the actual yield, any module & inverter configuration can be
\r\ncharacterized by just the coefficients a and b."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module
Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the 38th
European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021).
; 2021:659-663. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2021). Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 659–663. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2021, title={Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg},
year={2021}, pages={659–663} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 659–63, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence
of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 2021, pp. 659–663, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence
of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of
the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 2021, pp. 659–63, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 659–663.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
name: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2021-09-16T10:17:11Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:22:03Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
file_id: '29175'
file_name: Krauter Bendfeld - Module size Microinverters - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf
file_size: 5413518
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- AC-modules
- Microinverter
- Power Conditioning
- Efficiency
- Yield
- PV module size
- saturation
- performance
language:
- iso: eng
page: 659 - 663
publication: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 3-936338-78-7
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion
Efficiencies and Energy Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21265'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Fast-growing energy demand of the world makes the researchers focus
on finding new energy sources or optimizing already-developed approaches. For
an efficient use of solar and wind energy in an energy system, correct design
and sizing of a power system is of high importance and improving or optimizing
the process of data obtaining for this purpose leads to higher performance and
lower cost per unit of energy. It is essential to have the most precise possible
estimation of solar and wind energy potential and other local weather parameters
in order to fully feed the demand and avoid extra costs. There are various methods
for obtaining local data, such as local measurements, official organizational
data, satellite obtained, and reanalysis data. In this paper, the Modern-Era Retrospective
analysis for Research and Applications dataset version 2 (MERRA-2) dataset provided
by NASA is introduced and its performance is evaluated by comparison to various
locally measured datasets offered by meteorological institutions such as Meteonorm
and Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD, or Germany’s National Meteorological Service)
around the world. After comparison, correlation coefficients from 0.95 to 0.99
are observed for monthly global horizontal irradiance values. In the case of air
temperature, correlation coefficients of 0.99 and for wind speed from 0.81 to
0.99 are observed. High correlation with ground measurements and relatively low
errors are confirmed, especially for irradiance and temperature values, that makes
MERRA-2 a valuable dataset, considering its world coverage and availability.
article_number: '882'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: Khatibi A, Krauter S. Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological
Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications. Energies. 2021;14(4).
doi:10.3390/en14040882
apa: Khatibi, A., & Krauter, S. (2021). Validation and Performance of Satellite
Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications. Energies,
14(4), Article 882. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882
bibtex: '@article{Khatibi_Krauter_2021, title={Validation and Performance of Satellite
Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications}, volume={14},
DOI={10.3390/en14040882}, number={4882},
journal={Energies}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Khatibi, Arash and Krauter, Stefan},
year={2021} }'
chicago: Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Validation and Performance of Satellite
Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications.” Energies
14, no. 4 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882.
ieee: 'A. Khatibi and S. Krauter, “Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological
Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications,” Energies, vol. 14, no.
4, Art. no. 882, 2021, doi: 10.3390/en14040882.'
mla: Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Validation and Performance of Satellite
Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications.” Energies,
vol. 14, no. 4, 882, MDPI, 2021, doi:10.3390/en14040882.
short: A. Khatibi, S. Krauter, Energies 14 (2021).
date_created: 2021-02-23T10:18:05Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:37:34Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.3390/en14040882
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:33:09Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:33:09Z
file_id: '29177'
file_name: energies-14-00882 Khatibi Krauter MERRA 2.pdf
file_size: 3837152
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:33:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 14'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Solar irradiance
- MERRA 2
- Meteonorm
- DWD
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/882/htm
oa: '1'
publication: Energies
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1996-1073
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for
Solar and Wind Applications
type: journal_article
user_id: '28836'
volume: 14
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '22218'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Freitag, Christine
id: '20560'
last_name: Freitag
- first_name: Burkhard
full_name: Hehenkamp, Burkhard
id: '37339'
last_name: Hehenkamp
- first_name: Ulrich
full_name: Hilleringmann, Ulrich
id: '20179'
last_name: Hilleringmann
- first_name: Katrin
full_name: Temmen, Katrin
id: '30086'
last_name: Temmen
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Klaus, Tobias
last_name: Klaus
- first_name: Nicolaus
full_name: Rohrer, Nicolaus
last_name: Rohrer
- first_name: Sven
full_name: Lehmann, Sven
last_name: Lehmann
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Böcker J, Freitag C, et al. Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und
stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die
Entwicklung. In: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021. Conexio;
2021:305-309.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., Böcker, J., Freitag, C., Hehenkamp, B., Hilleringmann, U., Temmen,
K., Klaus, T., Rohrer, N., & Lehmann, S. (2021). Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige
und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für
die Entwicklung. Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021, 305–309.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Böcker_Freitag_Hehenkamp_Hilleringmann_Temmen_Klaus_Rohrer_Lehmann_2021,
place={Pforzheim}, title={Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids
in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung}, booktitle={Tagungsband
des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021}, publisher={Conexio}, author={Krauter,
Stefan and Böcker, Joachim and Freitag, Christine and Hehenkamp, Burkhard and
Hilleringmann, Ulrich and Temmen, Katrin and Klaus, Tobias and Rohrer, Nicolaus
and Lehmann, Sven}, year={2021}, pages={305–309} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, Joachim Böcker, Christine Freitag, Burkhard Hehenkamp,
Ulrich Hilleringmann, Katrin Temmen, Tobias Klaus, Nicolaus Rohrer, and Sven Lehmann.
“Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform
für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung.” In Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums,
18.-26 Mai 2021, 305–9. Pforzheim: Conexio, 2021.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter et al., “Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids
in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung,” in Tagungsband
des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021, Staffelstein / online, 2021, pp. 305–309.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, et al. “Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids
in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung.” Tagungsband
des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021, Conexio, 2021, pp. 305–09.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Böcker, C. Freitag, B. Hehenkamp, U. Hilleringmann, K. Temmen,
T. Klaus, N. Rohrer, S. Lehmann, in: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26
Mai 2021, Conexio, Pforzheim, 2021, pp. 305–309.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-05-26
location: Staffelstein / online
name: 36. PV-Symposium
start_date: 2021-05-18
date_created: 2021-05-20T09:58:43Z
date_updated: 2024-01-19T16:43:56Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
- _id: '475'
- _id: '52'
- _id: '453'
- _id: '59'
- _id: '300'
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T11:49:19Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T11:49:19Z
file_id: '29170'
file_name: Staffelstein 2021 ART-D S.305-309.pdf
file_size: 5128404
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T11:49:19Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Art-D
- Afrika
- Resilienz
- Resilience
- Grid stability
- robustness
- microgrids
language:
- iso: ger
page: 305-309
place: Pforzheim
publication: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-948176-14-3
publication_status: published
publisher: Conexio
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform
für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung'
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24540'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "With its growing population and industrialization, DREs, and solar technologies
in particular, provide a \r\nsustainable means of bridging the current energy
deficit in Africa, increasing supply reliability and meeting future \r\ndemand.
Data acquisition and data management systems allow real time monitoring and control
of energy systems as \r\nwell as performance analysis. However commercial data
acquisition systems often have cost implications that are \r\nprohibitive for
small PV systems and installations in developing countries.\r\nIn this paper,
a multi-user, multi-purpose microgrid database system is designed and implemented.
MAVOWATT \r\n270 power quality analyzers by GOSSEN METRAWATT, raspberry pi modules
and sensors are used for measuring, \r\nrecording and storing electrical and meteorological
data in East Africa. Socio-economic data is also stored in the\r\ndatabase. The
designed system employs open source software and hardware solutions which are
best suited to \r\ndeveloping regions like East Africa due to the lower cost implications.\r\nThe
expected results promise a comprehensive database covering different electro-technical
and socio-economic \r\nparameters useful for optimal design of microgrid systems."
author:
- first_name: Josephine Nakato
full_name: Kakande, Josephine Nakato
id: '88649'
last_name: Kakande
- first_name: Godiana Hagile
full_name: Philipo, Godiana Hagile
id: '88505'
last_name: Philipo
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Kakande JN, Philipo GH, Krauter S. Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa
for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures. In: Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021). ; 2021:1505-1510. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38'
apa: Kakande, J. N., Philipo, G. H., & Krauter, S. (2021). Load Data Acquisition
in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures.
Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition
(EUPVSEC 2021), 1505–1510. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kakande_Philipo_Krauter_2021, title={Load Data Acquisition
in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures},
DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)}, author={Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Philipo,
Godiana Hagile and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2021}, pages={1505–1510} }'
chicago: Kakande, Josephine Nakato, Godiana Hagile Philipo, and Stefan Krauter.
“Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management
Measures.” In Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 1505–10, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38.
ieee: 'J. N. Kakande, G. H. Philipo, and S. Krauter, “Load Data Acquisition in Rural
East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures,”
in Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and
Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1505–1510, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38.'
mla: Kakande, Josephine Nakato, et al. “Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa
for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures.” Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021), 2021, pp. 1505–10, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38.
short: 'J.N. Kakande, G.H. Philipo, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 38th European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp.
1505–1510.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
name: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2021-09-16T05:52:50Z
date_updated: 2024-10-17T08:45:50Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:11:59Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:11:59Z
file_id: '29174'
file_name: Kakande Philipo Krauter - Load Data Aquisition ART-D - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf
file_size: 1343406
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:11:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Art-D
- Afrika
- Demand side management
- MySQL
- Raspberry pi
- Data acquisition
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1505-1510
publication: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 3-936338-78-7
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and
Demand–Side–Management Measures
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '18390'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: " Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market
during 2014‒2020 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies
as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked
according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors
via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp each.
Inverters with two inputs have been fed by \r\ntwo of those modules. DC input,
AC power output and energy yield of each micro-inverter have been recorded by
\r\nindividual calibrated electricity meters. Apparently, some inverters have
been optimized for high irradiance levels \r\nand ranked better at the CEC efficiency
ranking, others performed very well also at low irradiance levels, thus \r\nranking
higher at in the EU efficiency ranking. Efficiency ranks are slightly deviating
from rankings by energy yield \r\nmeasurements. At one inverter, a slow MPPT algorithm
that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels is \r\nmost probably
responsible for this effect. Another inverter switched off for a while after operation
at high power, \r\nanother one failed permanently. Apparently, some inverters
are been optimized to show excellent datasheet ratings \r\nfor EU- or CEC- efficiency.
On the other hand, two inverters (each featuring two inputs) did not show an outstanding
\r\nperformance at the EU- and CEC-ratings but achieved leading ranks for AC energy
yields. For the customer, AC \r\nyield is a major performance indicator of a microinverter
and should be included in the datasheet."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion
Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020. ;
2020:935-938. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
935–938. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Micro-Inverters: An Update
of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2},
booktitle={Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld,
Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={935–938} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings of the EUPVSEC
2020, 935–38, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of
Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
online, 2020, pp. 935–938, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
2020, pp. 935–38, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020, 2020, pp.
935–938.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2020)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-08-27T06:28:42Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:02:11Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2
language:
- iso: eng
page: 935 - 938
publication: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- "\t3-936338-73-6"
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy
Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16857'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad
von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. In: Tagungsband des 35.
Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland).
; 2020.'
apa: Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf
den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland). 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz,
Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis
2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur
auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen}, booktitle={Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf
den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” In Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 2020.
ieee: S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad
von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen,” presented at the 35. Symposiums
für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland),
17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein,
2020.
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den
Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 2020.
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische
Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-02
location: Bad Staffelstein
name: 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020)
start_date: 2020-08-31
date_created: 2020-04-27T05:55:09Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:26:08Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: ger
publication: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster
Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern
für PV-Netzeinspeisungen
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19393'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "To provide a simple instrument to operate residential Load-Shifting or Demand-Side-Management
\r\nsystems, the measurement of the actual grid frequency seems to be an appropriate
method. Due to the present \r\ninflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling
capabilities of lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of \r\nelectricity
generation occurs during periods of high wind and solar power generation. While
the specific CO2-\r\nemission is decreasing then ‒ due to the increased share
of Renewables, the grid frequency is increasing (to a certain \r\nlimit). Using
the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and off certain loads (loads that
do not require power \r\npermanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers,
fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, \r\ninexpensive demand-side
management indicator to lower specific CO2‒emssions and costs (if a dynamic \r\nconsumption
tariff is available). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and
frequency data of the \r\nGerman grid of the year 2018 have been collected and
a the correlation between grid frequency, power surplus, share \r\nof renewables
vs. CO2-contents and price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated.
The results \r\nshow: Correlation between frequency and share of renewables is
quite low (r = 0.155) due to the fact that primary \r\ngrid control quickly compensates
deviations from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. There is a good anti-correlation
(r = -\r\n0.687) between the EEX‒prices and the share of renewables in the grid.
Over the years, correlation between \r\nelectricity trading prices (EEX) and CO2
emissions is quite good (r =0.665), within the one year (2018) that \r\ncorrelation
almost doesn’t exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite power
plants that even operate at \r\nnegative prices. \r\n"
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
full_name: Zhang, L.
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity
prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity
grid. In: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
07 - 11 September 2020. ; 2020:1815-1817. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Zhang, L. (2020). Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in
the German electricity grid. Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 1815–1817. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management:
Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency
in the German electricity grid.}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
07 - 11 September 2020.}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, year={2020},
pages={1815–1817} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in
the German Electricity Grid.” In Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 1815–17, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in
the German electricity grid.,” in Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., online, 2020, pp. 1815–1817,
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation
of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in
the German Electricity Grid.” Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 2020, pp. 1815–17, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9.'
short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 2020, pp. 1815–1817.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2020)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-09-14T12:43:43Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:42:22Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
file_id: '29172'
file_name: Krauter Zhang - Triggering DSM - EUPVSEC 2020.pdf
file_size: 1309449
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:35:49Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- 'Keywords: Load-Shifting'
- Demand-Side-Management
- DSM
- grid frequency
- EEX
- electricity trading prices
- renewable share
- flexibility
- emissions
- CO2
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1815 - 1817
publication: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
07 - 11 September 2020.
publication_identifier:
issn:
- "\t3-936338-73-6"
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share
of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid.'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19390'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Due to the strong reduction of PV prices, storage plays a dominating role
in overall system costs. A \r\nsteeper elevation angle would result in a more
balanced seasonal PV yield, at the cost of PV yield reductions during \r\nsummer,
but allowing reduced storage capacities. Additionally, the effect of a single-axis
tracking system has been \r\ninvestigated, generating more electricity during
the morning and evening hours, thus reducing daily storage \r\nrequirements. The
necessary PV size and storage capacities required for the German energy supply
(1,500 TWh after \r\nelectrification of all sectors) via 100% renewable energies
and a 50% solar share have been calculated via the \r\nHOMER Pro software, considering
the bridging of periods of \"dark lulls“ in winter, using costs of 2030 (Table
1). \r\nResults: The increase of module elevation angles above the typical 30°
leads to a reduction of investment and supply \r\ncosts. The optimum is reached
at a cost reduction of -1.5% for an elevation angle at the latitude of the installation
\r\nsite. An explanation is that high elevation angles are favorable for clear
winter days, but not at all for the critical days \r\nwith diffuse irradiance
only, so the battery capacity must be increased. For the same reason, tracking
systems do not \r\noffer any cost advantage (at least for the ones without an
option for horizontal positioning during diffuse days)."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: D.
full_name: Rustemovic, D.
last_name: Rustemovic
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Rustemovic D, Khatibi A. Reduction of required storage capacities
for a 100% renewable energy supply in Germany, if new PV systems are installed
with east-west tracking systems at increased elevation angles. In: Proceedings
of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.
; 2020:1818-1819. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10'
apa: Krauter, S., Rustemovic, D., & Khatibi, A. (2020). Reduction of required
storage capacities for a 100% renewable energy supply in Germany, if new PV systems
are installed with east-west tracking systems at increased elevation angles. Proceedings
of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020,
1818–1819. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Rustemovic_Khatibi_2020, title={Reduction of required
storage capacities for a 100% renewable energy supply in Germany, if new PV systems
are installed with east-west tracking systems at increased elevation angles},
DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
07 - 11 September 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Rustemovic, D. and Khatibi,
Arash}, year={2020}, pages={1818–1819} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, D. Rustemovic, and Arash Khatibi. “Reduction of Required
Storage Capacities for a 100% Renewable Energy Supply in Germany, If New PV Systems
Are Installed with East-West Tracking Systems at Increased Elevation Angles.”
In Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07
- 11 September 2020, 1818–19, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10.
ieee: 'S. Krauter, D. Rustemovic, and A. Khatibi, “Reduction of required storage
capacities for a 100% renewable energy supply in Germany, if new PV systems are
installed with east-west tracking systems at increased elevation angles,” in Proceedings
of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020,
online, 2020, pp. 1818–1819, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10.'
mla: Krauter, Stefan, et al. “Reduction of Required Storage Capacities for a 100%
Renewable Energy Supply in Germany, If New PV Systems Are Installed with East-West
Tracking Systems at Increased Elevation Angles.” Proceedings of the 37th European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020, 2020, pp. 1818–19,
doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10.
short: 'S. Krauter, D. Rustemovic, A. Khatibi, in: Proceedings of the 37th European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020, 2020, pp. 1818–1819.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2020)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-09-14T12:42:30Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:43:51Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.10
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:41:20Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:41:20Z
file_id: '29178'
file_name: Krauter Rustemovic Khatibi - Elevated Angle - EUPVSEC 2020.pdf
file_size: 428312
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:41:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Energy Storage
- PV system integration
- Large Grid-connected PV systems
- Simulation
- Energy Supply Options
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1818 - 1819
publication: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
07 - 11 September 2020
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 3-936338-73-6
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Reduction of required storage capacities for a 100% renewable energy supply
in Germany, if new PV systems are installed with east-west tracking systems at increased
elevation angles
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '18387'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: " During comparative measurements of different PV microinverters, two yield
issues came up that could \r\nnot be explored via conventional efficiency measurements,
but do have a significant impact on electrical energy \r\nyield: First category
of issues are either sluggish or nervously acting maximum–power–point–tracking
devices, which \r\nlead to reduced energy yields. The other category of issues
is thermal: As a first explanation for observed reduced \r\nenergy yields, it
has been assumed that the conversion efficiency degrades at higher operating temperatures.
This \r\nmatter has been investigated in this article: A change in conversion
efficiency could not be observed for elevated \r\noperation temperatures up to
50°C, despite high-precision and repeated measurements. But it was found that
some \r\ninverters temporarily interrupted (or entirely stopped) operation after
long periods of running at high temperatures. \r\nAlso, a reduction in potential
maximum power output has been detected for those inverters. Summarizing: With
a \r\nhigh degree of certainty it can be stated that those reported yield losses
have been caused by the temporary shutdowns \r\nand power limitations of the inverters."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency, Overall
Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters. In: Proceedings of the EU
PVSEC 2020 . ; 2020:1179-1180. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6'
apa: Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters. Proceedings of the
EU PVSEC 2020 , 1179–1180. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Elevated Temperatures Affecting
Efficiency, Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6},
booktitle={Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 }, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld,
Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={1179–1180} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters.” In Proceedings
of the EU PVSEC 2020 , 1179–80, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters,” in Proceedings
of the EU PVSEC 2020 , online, 2020, pp. 1179–1180, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.'
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters.” Proceedings of
the EU PVSEC 2020 , 2020, pp. 1179–80, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 , 2020, pp.
1179–1180.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: EU PVSEC 2020, 37th EU Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-08-27T06:26:25Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:32:47Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
file_id: '29171'
file_name: Krauter Bendfeld - Microinverters at elevated temperatures EUPVSEC 2020.pdf
file_size: 599660
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
jel:
- Q42
keyword:
- AC-modules
- Microinverter
- Power Conditioning
- Thermal Performance
- Ventilation
- Stability
- Efficiency
- Yield
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1179 - 1180
publication: 'Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 '
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 3-936338-73-6
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency, Overall Performance and Energy
Yield of PV Microinverters
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19383'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Due to the present inflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling capabilities
of lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of electricity generation occurs
during periods of high wind and solar power generation in the German electricity
grid. While the specific CO2-emission is decreasing then - due to the increased
share of Renewables, the grid frequency should be increasing (to a certain limit).
Using the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and -off certain loads (loads
that do not require power permanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers,
fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, inexpensive demand-side-management
indicator to lower specific CO2-emissions and costs (if a dynamic consumption
tariff is applied). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and
frequency data of the German grid of the year 2018 have been collected and the
correlations between grid frequency, share of renewables, CO2-contents, and actual
price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated. The results
show: Correlation between grid frequency and the share of renewables is quite
low (r=0.155) due to the fact that primary grid control quickly compensates deviations
from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. As expected, there is a good anti-correlation
(r=-0.687) between the EEX-prices and the share of renewables in the grid. Over
the years, correlation between electricity trading prices (EEX) and CO2 emissions
is quite good (r=0.665), within the one year (2018) that correlation almost doesn''t
exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite baseload power plants
that even operate at negative prices.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
full_name: Zhang, L.
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices, share
of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive
triggering of Demand-Side-Management. In: IEEE, ed. Proceedings of the 47th
IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020. ; 2020:1672-1674.
doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487'
apa: Krauter, S., & Zhang, L. (2020). Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity
prices, share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable
inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management. In IEEE (Ed.), Proceedings
of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020 (pp. 1672–1674).
https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Correlation of grid-frequency,
electricity prices, share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity
grid to enable inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management}, DOI={10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, editor={IEEE}, year={2020},
pages={1672–1674} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Correlation of Grid-Frequency, Electricity
Prices, Share of Renewables and CO2-Contents of German Electricity Grid to Enable
Inexpensive Triggering of Demand-Side-Management.” In Proceedings of the 47th
IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020, edited by IEEE, 1672–74,
2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487.
ieee: 'S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices,
share of Renewables and CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive
triggering of Demand-Side-Management,” in Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020, online, 2020, pp. 1672–1674, doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487.'
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Correlation of Grid-Frequency, Electricity
Prices, Share of Renewables and CO2-Contents of German Electricity Grid to Enable
Inexpensive Triggering of Demand-Side-Management.” Proceedings of the 47th
IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020, edited by IEEE, 2020,
pp. 1672–74, doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487.
short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: IEEE (Ed.), Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) 2020, 2020, pp. 1672–1674.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-06-21
location: online
name: 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47)
start_date: 2020-06-15
corporate_editor:
- IEEE
date_created: 2020-09-14T12:39:41Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:52:16Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300487
keyword:
- CO2
- EEX
- Grid frequency
- DSM
- electricity price
- Renewable share
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9300487
page: 1672-1674
publication: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) 2020
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Correlation of grid-frequency, electricity prices, share of Renewables and
CO2-contents of German electricity grid to enable inexpensive triggering of Demand-Side-Management
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16899'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: To compare efficiency and yield of many micro-inverters available on the world
market in 2014-2020, an in- and outdoor test laboratory at the University of Paderborn
has been set up. The inverters have been fed by identical and calibrated crystalline
silicon PV modules of 215 Wp. To monitor accurately DC input, AC power output
and energy yield, each of the micro-inverters has been equipped with a calibrated
electricity meter. For micro-inverters requiring control units for grid-feeding
that has been acquired also. The comparison covers efficiency-load characteristics
as well as electrical energy yields. Purchase costs vary considerably between
the models in comparison, sometimes inverter costs are higher than module costs,
particularly if an additional grid-connection or interface device is needed for
operation. The weighted conversion efficiency according to EU and CEC standards
has been measured and calculated. While some inverters have been optimized for
high irradiance levels, they ranked better at the CEC efficiency, others performed
very well also for low irradiance levels, thus ranking higher at in the EU-efficiency
tables. These results are deviating from the actual energy yield measurements,
which show a slightly different ranking. At one inverter, an accurate, but very
slow MPPT algorithm that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels
could be the reason for this effect. Another inverter switched off after operation
at high power output for a while. Apparently, some inverters are been optimized
to show excellent EU and CEC efficiency ratings. Two of the inverters featuring
two inputs did not show an exceptional performance at the EU- and CEC-ratings,
but they achieved top ranks at the AC energy yield for the first years. For the
customer, the AC yield is a major performance indicator of any microinverter and
should be included in the datasheet.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of
Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL
MEETING. IEEE; 2020:1429-1432. doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings of the
47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020
VIRTUAL MEETING, 1429–1432. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, place={online}, title={Comparison
of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields},
DOI={10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Krauter,
Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={1429–1432} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings of
the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21,
2020 VIRTUAL MEETING, 1429–32. online: IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings of the 47th IEEE
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL
MEETING, VIRTUAL MEETING, 2020, pp. 1429–1432, doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of the
47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020
VIRTUAL MEETING, IEEE, 2020, pp. 1429–32, doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists
Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING, IEEE, online,
2020, pp. 1429–1432.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-08-21
location: VIRTUAL MEETING
name: 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47)
start_date: 2020-06-15
date_created: 2020-04-29T05:31:12Z
date_updated: 2022-01-07T10:10:43Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953
keyword:
- yield
- AC
- micro-inverter
- MPPT
- CEC rating
- EU efficiency
- Photovoltaic
- Solar
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9300953
page: 1429-1432
place: online
publication: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING
publication_identifier:
issn:
- ' 0160-8371'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies
and Energy Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16855'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
full_name: Zhang, L.
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument der Entscheidungsfindung
zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen CO2-Emissionen
und EEX-Handelspreisen. In: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische
Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland). ; 2020.'
apa: Krauter, S., & Zhang, L. (2020). Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument
der Entscheidungsfindung zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen
CO2-Emissionen und EEX-Handelspreisen. Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische
Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland). 35. Symposiums
für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland),
17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, place={Bad Staffelstein}, title={Eignung
der Netzfrequenz als Instrument der Entscheidungsfindung zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen
bei niedrigen spezifischen CO2-Emissionen und EEX-Handelspreisen}, booktitle={Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument
der Entscheidungsfindung zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen
CO2-Emissionen und EEX-Handelspreisen.” In Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für
Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland).
Bad Staffelstein, 2020.
ieee: S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument der Entscheidungsfindung
zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen CO2-Emissionen
und EEX-Handelspreisen,” presented at the 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie,
Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf
31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein, 2020.
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument der
Entscheidungsfindung zur Auslösung von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen
CO2-Emissionen und EEX-Handelspreisen.” Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für
Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland),
2020.
short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische
Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), Bad Staffelstein,
2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-02
location: Bad Staffelstein
name: 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020)
start_date: 2020-08-31
date_created: 2020-04-27T05:44:44Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:54:03Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: ger
place: Bad Staffelstein
publication: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster
Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Eignung der Netzfrequenz als Instrument der Entscheidungsfindung zur Auslösung
von Lastverschiebungen bei niedrigen spezifischen CO2-Emissionen und EEX-Handelspreisen
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16858'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: L.
full_name: Zhang, L.
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Zhang L. Probability of Correct Decision–Making at Triggering of
Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices via simple
Grid Frequency Monitoring. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Renewable
Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020 (verschoben:
16.–18. März 2021). ; 2020.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Zhang, L. (2020). Probability of Correct Decision–Making
at Triggering of Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices
via simple Grid Frequency Monitoring. Proceedings of the 14th International
Renewable Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020
(verschoben: 16.–18. März 2021). 14 th International Renewable Energy Storage
Conference, 10.–12. März 2020 (verschoben auf 16.–18. März 2021), Düsseldorf
(Deutschland).'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Probability of Correct Decision–Making
at Triggering of Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices
via simple Grid Frequency Monitoring}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 14th International
Renewable Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020
(verschoben: 16.–18. März 2021)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, year={2020}
}'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Probability of Correct Decision–Making
at Triggering of Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices
via simple Grid Frequency Monitoring.” In Proceedings of the 14th International
Renewable Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020
(verschoben: 16.–18. März 2021), 2020.'
ieee: S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Probability of Correct Decision–Making at Triggering
of Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices via
simple Grid Frequency Monitoring,” presented at the 14 th International Renewable
Energy Storage Conference, 10.–12. März 2020 (verschoben auf 16.–18. März 2021),
Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 2020.
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Probability of Correct Decision–Making at
Triggering of Load-Shifting Intended for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices
via simple Grid Frequency Monitoring.” Proceedings of the 14th International
Renewable Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020
(verschoben: 16.–18. März 2021), 2020.'
short: 'S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: Proceedings of the 14th International Renewable
Energy Storage Conference, Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020 (verschoben:
16.–18. März 2021), 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-03-18
location: Düsseldorf (Deutschland)
name: 14 th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference, 10.–12. März 2020
(verschoben auf 16.–18. März 2021)
start_date: 2021-03-16
date_created: 2020-04-27T06:01:40Z
date_updated: 2022-01-07T10:00:55Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: ger
publication: 'Proceedings of the 14th International Renewable Energy Storage Conference,
Düsseldorf (Deutschland), 10.–12. März 2020 (verschoben: 16.–18. März 2021)'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Probability of Correct Decision–Making at Triggering of Load-Shifting Intended
for low CO2-intensity and low EEX trading-prices via simple Grid Frequency Monitoring
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '15247'
author:
- first_name: Matti
full_name: Grabo, Matti
id: '66520'
last_name: Grabo
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Weber, Daniel
last_name: Weber
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Paul, Andreas
last_name: Paul
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Klaus, Tobias
last_name: Klaus
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Bermpohl, Wolfgang
id: '15290'
last_name: Bermpohl
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Eugeny
full_name: Kenig, Eugeny
id: '665'
last_name: Kenig
citation:
ama: 'Grabo M, Weber D, Paul A, et al. Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells
zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung in Solarmodulen. In: ; 2019.'
apa: Grabo, M., Weber, D., Paul, A., Klaus, T., Bermpohl, W., Krauter, S., &
Kenig, E. (2019). Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells zur Bestimmung
der Temperaturverteilung in Solarmodulen. Presented at the 2. Regenerative Energietechnik
Konferenz (RET.Con 2019), Nordhausen.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Grabo_Weber_Paul_Klaus_Bermpohl_Krauter_Kenig_2019, title={Entwicklung
eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung
in Solarmodulen}, author={Grabo, Matti and Weber, Daniel and Paul, Andreas and
Klaus, Tobias and Bermpohl, Wolfgang and Krauter, Stefan and Kenig, Eugeny}, year={2019}
}'
chicago: Grabo, Matti, Daniel Weber, Andreas Paul, Tobias Klaus, Wolfgang Bermpohl,
Stefan Krauter, and Eugeny Kenig. “Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells
zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung in Solarmodulen,” 2019.
ieee: M. Grabo et al., “Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells
zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung in Solarmodulen,” presented at the 2.
Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz (RET.Con 2019), Nordhausen, 2019.
mla: Grabo, Matti, et al. Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells
zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung in Solarmodulen. 2019.
short: 'M. Grabo, D. Weber, A. Paul, T. Klaus, W. Bermpohl, S. Krauter, E. Kenig,
in: 2019.'
conference:
location: Nordhausen
name: 2. Regenerative Energietechnik Konferenz (RET.Con 2019)
date_created: 2019-12-05T10:06:21Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:19Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '145'
- _id: '155'
- _id: '34'
- _id: '53'
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: ger
status: public
title: Entwicklung eines thermischen 1D-Simulationsmodells zur Bestimmung der Temperaturverteilung
in Solarmodulen
type: conference
user_id: '66520'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '15248'
author:
- first_name: Matti
full_name: Grabo, Matti
id: '66520'
last_name: Grabo
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Weber, Daniel
last_name: Weber
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Paul, Andreas
last_name: Paul
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Klaus, Tobias
last_name: Klaus
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Bermpohl, Wolfgang
id: '15290'
last_name: Bermpohl
- first_name: Eugeny
full_name: Kenig, Eugeny
id: '665'
last_name: Kenig
citation:
ama: 'Grabo M, Weber D, Paul A, Klaus T, Bermpohl W, Kenig E. Numerische Untersuchung
der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen. In: ; 2019.'
apa: Grabo, M., Weber, D., Paul, A., Klaus, T., Bermpohl, W., & Kenig, E. (2019).
Numerische Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen.
Presented at the Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppe Energieverfahrenstechnik
und des Arbeitsausschusses Thermische Energiespeicherung, Frankfurt am Main.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Grabo_Weber_Paul_Klaus_Bermpohl_Kenig_2019, title={Numerische
Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen}, author={Grabo,
Matti and Weber, Daniel and Paul, Andreas and Klaus, Tobias and Bermpohl, Wolfgang
and Kenig, Eugeny}, year={2019} }'
chicago: Grabo, Matti, Daniel Weber, Andreas Paul, Tobias Klaus, Wolfgang Bermpohl,
and Eugeny Kenig. “Numerische Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten
Solarmodulen,” 2019.
ieee: M. Grabo, D. Weber, A. Paul, T. Klaus, W. Bermpohl, and E. Kenig, “Numerische
Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen,” presented
at the Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppe Energieverfahrenstechnik und des
Arbeitsausschusses Thermische Energiespeicherung, Frankfurt am Main, 2019.
mla: Grabo, Matti, et al. Numerische Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in
PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen. 2019.
short: 'M. Grabo, D. Weber, A. Paul, T. Klaus, W. Bermpohl, E. Kenig, in: 2019.'
conference:
location: Frankfurt am Main
name: Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppe Energieverfahrenstechnik und des Arbeitsausschusses
Thermische Energiespeicherung
date_created: 2019-12-05T10:07:56Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:19Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '145'
- _id: '155'
- _id: '34'
- _id: '53'
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: ger
status: public
title: Numerische Untersuchung der Temperaturverteilung in PCM-integrierten Solarmodulen
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '66520'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '48501'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Gathering knowledge not only of the current but also the upcoming
wind speed is getting more and more important as the experience of operating and
maintaining wind turbines is increasing. Not only with regards to operation and
maintenance tasks such as gearbox and generator checks but moreover due to the
fact that energy providers have to sell the right amount of their converted energy
at the European energy markets, the knowledge of the wind and hence electrical
power of the next day is of key importance. Selling more energy as has been offered
is penalized as well as offering less energy as contractually promised. In addition
to that the price per offered kWh decreases in case of a surplus of energy. Achieving
a forecast there are various methods in computer science: fuzzy logic, linear
prediction or neural networks. This paper presents current results of wind speed
forecasts using recurrent neural networks (RNN) and the gradient descent method
plus a backpropagation learning algorithm. Data used has been extracted from NASA''s
Modern Era-Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) which
is calculated by a GEOS-5 Earth System Modeling and Data Assimilation system.
The presented results show that wind speed data can be forecasted using historical
data for training the RNN. Nevertheless, the current set up system lacks robustness
and can be improved further with regards to accuracy.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Balluff S, Bendfeld J, Krauter S. Meteorological Data Forecast using RNN.
In: Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global; 2019. doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050'
apa: Balluff, S., Bendfeld, J., & Krauter, S. (2019). Meteorological Data Forecast
using RNN. In Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050
bibtex: '@inbook{Balluff_Bendfeld_Krauter_2019, title={Meteorological Data Forecast
using RNN}, DOI={10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050},
booktitle={Deep Learning and Neural Networks}, publisher={IGI Global}, author={Balluff,
Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2019} }'
chicago: Balluff, Stefan, Jörg Bendfeld, and Stefan Krauter. “Meteorological Data
Forecast Using RNN.” In Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global,
2019. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050.
ieee: S. Balluff, J. Bendfeld, and S. Krauter, “Meteorological Data Forecast using
RNN,” in Deep Learning and Neural Networks, IGI Global, 2019.
mla: Balluff, Stefan, et al. “Meteorological Data Forecast Using RNN.” Deep Learning
and Neural Networks, IGI Global, 2019, doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050.
short: 'S. Balluff, J. Bendfeld, S. Krauter, in: Deep Learning and Neural Networks,
IGI Global, 2019.'
date_created: 2023-10-27T08:28:27Z
date_updated: 2023-10-27T08:29:56Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Deep Learning and Neural Networks
publication_status: published
publisher: IGI Global
status: public
title: Meteorological Data Forecast using RNN
type: book_chapter
user_id: '16148'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '15250'
author:
- first_name: Matti
full_name: Grabo, Matti
id: '66520'
last_name: Grabo
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Weber, Daniel
last_name: Weber
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Paul, Andreas
last_name: Paul
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Klaus, Tobias
last_name: Klaus
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Bermpohl, Wolfgang
id: '15290'
last_name: Bermpohl
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Eugeny
full_name: Kenig, Eugeny
id: '665'
last_name: Kenig
citation:
ama: Grabo M, Weber D, Paul A, et al. Numerical Investigation of the Temperature
Distribution in PCM-integrated Solar Modules. Chemical Engineering Transactions.
Published online 2019:895-900. doi:10.3303/CET1976150
apa: Grabo, M., Weber, D., Paul, A., Klaus, T., Bermpohl, W., Krauter, S., &
Kenig, E. (2019). Numerical Investigation of the Temperature Distribution in PCM-integrated
Solar Modules. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 895–900. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1976150
bibtex: '@article{Grabo_Weber_Paul_Klaus_Bermpohl_Krauter_Kenig_2019, title={Numerical
Investigation of the Temperature Distribution in PCM-integrated Solar Modules},
DOI={10.3303/CET1976150}, journal={Chemical
Engineering Transactions}, author={Grabo, Matti and Weber, Daniel and Paul, Andreas
and Klaus, Tobias and Bermpohl, Wolfgang and Krauter, Stefan and Kenig, Eugeny},
year={2019}, pages={895–900} }'
chicago: Grabo, Matti, Daniel Weber, Andreas Paul, Tobias Klaus, Wolfgang Bermpohl,
Stefan Krauter, and Eugeny Kenig. “Numerical Investigation of the Temperature
Distribution in PCM-Integrated Solar Modules.” Chemical Engineering Transactions,
2019, 895–900. https://doi.org/10.3303/CET1976150.
ieee: 'M. Grabo et al., “Numerical Investigation of the Temperature Distribution
in PCM-integrated Solar Modules,” Chemical Engineering Transactions, pp.
895–900, 2019, doi: 10.3303/CET1976150.'
mla: Grabo, Matti, et al. “Numerical Investigation of the Temperature Distribution
in PCM-Integrated Solar Modules.” Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2019,
pp. 895–900, doi:10.3303/CET1976150.
short: M. Grabo, D. Weber, A. Paul, T. Klaus, W. Bermpohl, S. Krauter, E. Kenig,
Chemical Engineering Transactions (2019) 895–900.
date_created: 2019-12-05T10:13:05Z
date_updated: 2024-03-18T13:26:07Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '145'
- _id: '155'
- _id: '34'
- _id: '53'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.3303/CET1976150
language:
- iso: eng
page: 895-900
publication: Chemical Engineering Transactions
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2283-9216
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Numerical Investigation of the Temperature Distribution in PCM-integrated Solar
Modules
type: journal_article
user_id: '66520'
year: '2019'
...