[{"_id":"63660","user_id":"120539","article_number":"290","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Applied Sciences","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (ADR) is regaining relevance for refrigeration to temperatures below 1 K as global helium-3 supply is increasingly strained. While ADR at these temperatures is long established with paramagnetic hydrated salts, more recently, frustrated rare-earth oxides were found to offer higher entropy densities and practical advantages, since they do not degrade under heating or evacuation. We report structural, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of the rare-earth borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9 with X = (Yb, Gd). Except for Ba3GdB9O18, which orders at 108 mK, the three other materials remain paramagnetic down to their lowest measured temperatures. ADR performance starting at 2 K in a field of 5 T is analyzed and compared to literature.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-01-19T16:03:37Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","volume":16,"date_created":"2026-01-19T16:01:22Z","author":[{"first_name":"Marvin","last_name":"Klinger","full_name":"Klinger, Marvin"},{"full_name":"Treu, Tim","last_name":"Treu","first_name":"Tim"},{"first_name":"Felix","full_name":"Kreisberger, Felix","last_name":"Kreisberger"},{"orcid":"0009-0006-4365-5607","last_name":"Heil","full_name":"Heil, Christian","id":"120539","first_name":"Christian"},{"first_name":"Anna","full_name":"Klinger, Anna","last_name":"Klinger"},{"last_name":"Jesche","full_name":"Jesche, Anton","first_name":"Anton"},{"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Gegenwart","full_name":"Gegenwart, Philipp"}],"title":"Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd)","doi":"10.3390/app16010290","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2076-3417"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"1","year":"2025","intvolume":" 16","citation":{"apa":"Klinger, M., Treu, T., Kreisberger, F., Heil, C., Klinger, A., Jesche, A., & Gegenwart, P. (2025). Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd). Applied Sciences, 16(1), Article 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010290","short":"M. Klinger, T. Treu, F. Kreisberger, C. Heil, A. Klinger, A. Jesche, P. Gegenwart, Applied Sciences 16 (2025).","bibtex":"@article{Klinger_Treu_Kreisberger_Heil_Klinger_Jesche_Gegenwart_2025, title={Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd)}, volume={16}, DOI={10.3390/app16010290}, number={1290}, journal={Applied Sciences}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Klinger, Marvin and Treu, Tim and Kreisberger, Felix and Heil, Christian and Klinger, Anna and Jesche, Anton and Gegenwart, Philipp}, year={2025} }","mla":"Klinger, Marvin, et al. “Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd).” Applied Sciences, vol. 16, no. 1, 290, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:10.3390/app16010290.","chicago":"Klinger, Marvin, Tim Treu, Felix Kreisberger, Christian Heil, Anna Klinger, Anton Jesche, and Philipp Gegenwart. “Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd).” Applied Sciences 16, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010290.","ieee":"M. Klinger et al., “Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd),” Applied Sciences, vol. 16, no. 1, Art. no. 290, 2025, doi: 10.3390/app16010290.","ama":"Klinger M, Treu T, Kreisberger F, et al. Sub-1 K Adiabatic Demagnetization Refrigeration with Rare-Earth Borates Ba3XB9O18 and Ba3XB3O9, X = (Yb, Gd). Applied Sciences. 2025;16(1). doi:10.3390/app16010290"}},{"issue":"9","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2475-9953"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 9","citation":{"mla":"Wang, Zhuoqun, et al. “Antiferromagnetic Ordering and Critical Behavior Induced Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in Distorted Kagome Lattice <mml:Math Xmlns:Mml=\"http://Www.W3.Org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:Mrow><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">G</Mml:Mi><mml:Msub><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">d</Mml:Mi><mml:Mn>3</Mml:Mn></Mml:Msub><mml:Mi>BW</Mml:Mi><mml:Msub><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">O</Mml:Mi><mml:Mn>9</Mml:Mn></Mml:Msub></Mml:Mrow></Mml:Math>.” Physical Review Materials, vol. 9, no. 9, 094407, American Physical Society (APS), 2025, doi:10.1103/7l6y-hdw5.","short":"Z. Wang, X. Cui, T. Treu, J. Guo, X. Liu, M. Klinger, C. Heil, N. Ma, X. Sheng, Z. Deng, X. Lu, X. Wang, W. Li, P. Gegenwart, C. Jin, K. Zhao, Physical Review Materials 9 (2025).","bibtex":"@article{Wang_Cui_Treu_Guo_Liu_Klinger_Heil_Ma_Sheng_Deng_et al._2025, title={Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">G</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>BW</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>9</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>}, volume={9}, DOI={10.1103/7l6y-hdw5}, number={9094407}, journal={Physical Review Materials}, publisher={American Physical Society (APS)}, author={Wang, Zhuoqun and Cui, Xueling and Treu, Tim and Guo, Jiesen and Liu, Xinyang and Klinger, Marvin and Heil, Christian and Ma, Nvsen and Sheng, Xianlei and Deng, Zheng and et al.}, year={2025} }","apa":"Wang, Z., Cui, X., Treu, T., Guo, J., Liu, X., Klinger, M., Heil, C., Ma, N., Sheng, X., Deng, Z., Lu, X., Wang, X., Li, W., Gegenwart, P., Jin, C., & Zhao, K. (2025). Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">G</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>BW</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>9</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>. Physical Review Materials, 9(9), Article 094407. https://doi.org/10.1103/7l6y-hdw5","ama":"Wang Z, Cui X, Treu T, et al. Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">G</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>BW</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>9</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>. Physical Review Materials. 2025;9(9). doi:10.1103/7l6y-hdw5","ieee":"Z. Wang et al., “Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">G</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">d</mml:mi><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:msub><mml:mi>BW</mml:mi><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</mml:mi><mml:mn>9</mml:mn></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>,” Physical Review Materials, vol. 9, no. 9, Art. no. 094407, 2025, doi: 10.1103/7l6y-hdw5.","chicago":"Wang, Zhuoqun, Xueling Cui, Tim Treu, Jiesen Guo, Xinyang Liu, Marvin Klinger, Christian Heil, et al. “Antiferromagnetic Ordering and Critical Behavior Induced Giant Magnetocaloric Effect in Distorted Kagome Lattice <mml:Math Xmlns:Mml=\"http://Www.W3.Org/1998/Math/MathML\"><mml:Mrow><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">G</Mml:Mi><mml:Msub><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">d</Mml:Mi><mml:Mn>3</Mml:Mn></Mml:Msub><mml:Mi>BW</Mml:Mi><mml:Msub><mml:Mi Mathvariant=\"normal\">O</Mml:Mi><mml:Mn>9</Mml:Mn></Mml:Msub></Mml:Mrow></Mml:Math>.” Physical Review Materials 9, no. 9 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/7l6y-hdw5."},"year":"2025","volume":9,"date_created":"2025-09-17T13:08:11Z","author":[{"last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Zhuoqun","first_name":"Zhuoqun"},{"first_name":"Xueling","last_name":"Cui","full_name":"Cui, Xueling"},{"first_name":"Tim","full_name":"Treu, Tim","last_name":"Treu"},{"first_name":"Jiesen","last_name":"Guo","full_name":"Guo, Jiesen"},{"full_name":"Liu, Xinyang","last_name":"Liu","first_name":"Xinyang"},{"full_name":"Klinger, Marvin","last_name":"Klinger","first_name":"Marvin"},{"first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Heil, Christian","id":"120539","orcid":"0009-0006-4365-5607","last_name":"Heil"},{"first_name":"Nvsen","full_name":"Ma, Nvsen","last_name":"Ma"},{"first_name":"Xianlei","last_name":"Sheng","full_name":"Sheng, Xianlei"},{"last_name":"Deng","full_name":"Deng, Zheng","first_name":"Zheng"},{"first_name":"Xingye","full_name":"Lu, Xingye","last_name":"Lu"},{"full_name":"Wang, Xiancheng","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Xiancheng"},{"last_name":"Li","full_name":"Li, Wei","first_name":"Wei"},{"full_name":"Gegenwart, Philipp","last_name":"Gegenwart","first_name":"Philipp"},{"full_name":"Jin, Changqing","last_name":"Jin","first_name":"Changqing"},{"last_name":"Zhao","full_name":"Zhao, Kan","first_name":"Kan"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-17T14:21:31Z","publisher":"American Physical Society (APS)","doi":"10.1103/7l6y-hdw5","title":"Antiferromagnetic ordering and critical behavior induced giant magnetocaloric effect in distorted kagome lattice Gd3BWO9","publication":"Physical Review Materials","type":"journal_article","status":"public","user_id":"120539","_id":"61328","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"094407"}]