---
_id: '56174'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. PV Microinverters: Balcony Power Plants, Latest Efficiency
Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV Systems. In: Proceedings
of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference. ; 2024.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2024). PV Microinverters: Balcony Power Plants,
Latest Efficiency Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV Systems.
Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference.
41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Wien.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2024, title={PV Microinverters: Balcony
Power Plants, Latest Efficiency Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini
PV Systems}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy
Conference}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2024} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “PV Microinverters: Balcony Power
Plants, Latest Efficiency Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV
Systems.” In Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
2024.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “PV Microinverters: Balcony Power Plants, Latest
Efficiency Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV Systems,” presented
at the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Wien, 2024.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “PV Microinverters: Balcony Power Plants,
Latest Efficiency Rankings, Yield Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV Systems.”
Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
2024.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, 2024.'
conference:
end_date: 2024-09-27
location: Wien
name: 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2024-09-23
date_created: 2024-09-17T14:17:11Z
date_updated: 2024-09-17T14:17:22Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 41st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
status: public
title: 'PV Microinverters: Balcony Power Plants, Latest Efficiency Rankings, Yield
Calculation for Overpowered Mini PV Systems'
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '56929'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The market for microinverters is growing, especially in Europe. Driven
by rising electricity prices and an easing in legislation since 2024, the number
of mini-photovoltaic energy systems (mini-PVs) being installed is increasing substantially.
Indoor and outdoor studies of microinverters have been carried out at Paderborn
University since 2014. In the indoor lab, conversion efficiencies as a function
of load have been measured with high accuracy and ranked according to Euro and
CEC weightings; the latest rankings from 2024 are included in this paper. In the
outdoor lab, energy yields have been measured using identical and calibrated crystalline
silicon PV modules; until 2020, measurements were carried out using 215 Wp modules.
Because of increasing PV module power ratings, 360 Wp modules were used from 2020
until 2024. In 2024, the test modules were upgraded to 410 Wp modules, taking
into account the increase from 600 W to 800 W of inverter power limits, which
is suitable for simplified operation permission (“plug-in”) in many European countries
within a homogenised legislation area for such mini-photovoltaic energy systems
or “balcony power plants”. This legislation for simplified operation also covers
overpowered mini-plants, although the maximum AC output remains limited to 800
W. Presently, yield assessments are being carried out in the outdoor lab, which
will take at least a year to be valid and comparable. Kits consisting of PV modules,
inverters, and mounting systems are also being evaluated. Yield rankings sometimes
differ from efficiency rankings due to the use of different MPPT algorithms with
different MPP approach speeds and accuracies. To accelerate yield assessment,
we developed a novel, simple formula to determine energy yield for any module
and inverter configuration, including overpowered systems. This is a linear approach,
determined by just two coefficients, a and b, which are given for several inverters.
To reduce costs, inverters will be integrated into the module frame or the module
terminal box in the future.
article_number: '5551'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic Microinverters and
Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants. Energies.
2024;17(22). doi:10.3390/en17225551
apa: Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2024). Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic
Microinverters and Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants.
Energies, 17(22), Article 5551. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17225551
bibtex: '@article{Krauter_Bendfeld_2024, title={Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic
Microinverters and Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants},
volume={17}, DOI={10.3390/en17225551},
number={225551}, journal={Energies}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Krauter, Stefan
and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2024} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic
Microinverters and Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants.”
Energies 17, no. 22 (2024). https://doi.org/10.3390/en17225551.
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic Microinverters
and Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants,” Energies,
vol. 17, no. 22, Art. no. 5551, 2024, doi: 10.3390/en17225551.'
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic Microinverters
and Energy Yield Estimations for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants.” Energies,
vol. 17, no. 22, 5551, MDPI AG, 2024, doi:10.3390/en17225551.
short: S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, Energies 17 (2024).
date_created: 2024-11-07T06:14:06Z
date_updated: 2024-11-07T06:14:45Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.3390/en17225551
intvolume: ' 17'
issue: '22'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Energies
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1996-1073
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Efficiency Ranking of Photovoltaic Microinverters and Energy Yield Estimations
for Photovoltaic Balcony Power Plants
type: journal_article
user_id: '16148'
volume: 17
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '47119'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency Rankings, Energy
Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues. In: Proceedings of the 40th European Photovoltaik
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition. ; 2023.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2023). PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency
Rankings, Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues. Proceedings of the 40th
European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition. 40th European
Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, Lisbon, Portugal.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2023, title={PV Microinverters: Latest
Efficiency Rankings, Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues}, booktitle={Proceedings
of the 40th European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition}, author={Krauter,
Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2023} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency
Rankings, Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues.” In Proceedings of the
40th European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 2023.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency Rankings,
Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues,” presented at the 40th European Photovoltaik
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, Lisbon, Portugal, 2023.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency
Rankings, Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware Issues.” Proceedings of the 40th
European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 2023.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 40th European Photovoltaik
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 2023.'
conference:
end_date: 2023-09-22
location: Lisbon, Portugal
name: 40th European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition
start_date: 2023-0-18
date_created: 2023-09-18T08:03:23Z
date_updated: 2023-10-10T11:23:43Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 40th European Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition
status: public
title: 'PV Microinverters: Latest Efficiency Rankings, Energy Yield Assessments, Firmware
Issues'
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '32334'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The market for microinverters is growing, especially in Europe. Driven by
the strongly rising prices for electricity, many small photovoltaic energy systems
are being installed. Since monitoring for these plants is often quite costly,
their yields are often not logged. Since 2014, microinverters have been studied
at the University of Paderborn. The investigations are divided into indoor and
outdoor tests. In the indoor area conversion efficiencies as a function of load
have been measured with high accuracy and ranked according to Euro- and CEC weightings.
In the outdoor laboratory, the behavior in the real world is tested. Energy yields
have been measured outdoors via identical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV
modules. Here, the investigations were carried out with modules of the power of
215 Wp until the year 2020. Because of the increasing module power nowadays, modules
with an output of 360 Wp are now being used. To assess the influence of PV module
size, two extremes have been investigated: A rather small module with 215 Wp -
as it has been used 10 years ago, and a brand-new module (2021) offering 360 Wp.
Both types of modules contain 60 solar cells in series connection. Appling the
low-power modules, the challenge for the different micro-inverters has been during
weak-light conditions, using the high-power modules, some inverters temporarily
reach their power limits and yield is reduced. A method using a reference configuration
of inverter & module and a linear equation resulting in the actual yield, any
module & inverter configuration can be characterized by just the two coefficients.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Marius Claus
full_name: Möller, Marius Claus
id: '72391'
last_name: Möller
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J, Möller MC. Microinverter testing update using high
power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula”
for variation of PV panel size. In: Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference. ; 2022.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., Bendfeld, J., & Möller, M. C. (2022). Microinverter testing
update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation
formula” for variation of PV panel size. Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference. 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Philadelphia,
PA, USA.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_Möller_2022, title={Microinverter testing
update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation
formula” for variation of PV panel size}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 49th IEEE
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg
and Möller, Marius Claus}, year={2022} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, Jörg Bendfeld, and Marius Claus Möller. “Microinverter
Testing Update Using High Power Modules: Efficiency, Yield, and Conformity to
a New ”estimation Formula” for Variation of PV Panel Size.” In Proceedings
of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2022.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, and M. C. Möller, “Microinverter testing update
using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation
formula” for variation of PV panel size,” presented at the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2022.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, et al. “Microinverter Testing Update Using High Power Modules:
Efficiency, Yield, and Conformity to a New ”estimation Formula” for Variation
of PV Panel Size.” Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference,
2022.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, M.C. Möller, in: Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference, 2022.'
conference:
end_date: 2022-06-10
location: Philadelphia, PA, USA
name: 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
start_date: 2022-06-05
date_created: 2022-07-08T07:52:03Z
date_updated: 2022-07-11T06:58:40Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference
status: public
title: 'Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield,
and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size'
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '34155'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and
Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter
types. In: Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion.
; 2022.'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2022). Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency
Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different
Microinverter types. Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik
Energy Conversion. 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion,
Milano / Italy.'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2022, title={Microinverter PV Systems:
New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel
Size at different Microinverter types}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 8th World
Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld,
Jörg}, year={2022} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency
Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for Any PV Panel Size at Different
Microinverter Types.” In Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik
Energy Conversion, 2022.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings
and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter
types,” presented at the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion,
Milano / Italy, 2022.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency
Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for Any PV Panel Size at Different
Microinverter Types.” Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik
Energy Conversion, 2022.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on
Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, 2022.'
conference:
end_date: 2022-09-30
location: Milano / Italy
name: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion
start_date: 2022-09-26
date_created: 2022-11-29T09:55:14Z
date_updated: 2022-11-29T10:00:44Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion
status: public
title: 'Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield
Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types'
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '24550'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market
during 2014‒2021 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies
as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked
according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors
via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp (until
2020) and 360 Wp (starting 2021). Inverters \r\nwith two inputs have been fed
by two of those modules. DC input, AC power output and energy yield of each micro\x02inverter
have been recorded by individual calibrated electricity meters. CEC and EU efficiency
rankings have been \r\ncomputed and compared. To assess the influence of PV module
size, two extremes have been investigated: A rather \r\nsmall module with 215
Wp - as it has been used 10 years ago, and a brand-new module (2021) offering
360 Wp. Both \r\ntypes of modules contain 60 solar cells in series connection.
Appling the low-power modules, the challenge for the \r\ndifferent micro-inverters
has been during weak-light conditions, using the high-power modules, some inverters
\r\ntemporarily reach their power limits and yield is reduced. A method using
a reference configuration of inverter & \r\nmodule and a linear equation y = ax
+ b resulting in the actual yield, any module & inverter configuration can be
\r\ncharacterized by just the coefficients a and b."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module
Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the 38th
European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021).
; 2021:659-663. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2021). Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 659–663. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2021, title={Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg},
year={2021}, pages={659–663} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters):
Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 659–63, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence
of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings
of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 2021, pp. 659–663, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence
of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of
the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC
2021), 2021, pp. 659–63, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 659–663.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
name: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2021)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2021-09-16T10:17:11Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:22:03Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
file_id: '29175'
file_name: Krauter Bendfeld - Module size Microinverters - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf
file_size: 5413518
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:20:31Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- AC-modules
- Microinverter
- Power Conditioning
- Efficiency
- Yield
- PV module size
- saturation
- performance
language:
- iso: eng
page: 659 - 663
publication: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 3-936338-78-7
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion
Efficiencies and Energy Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '18390'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: " Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market
during 2014‒2020 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies
as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked
according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors
via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp each.
Inverters with two inputs have been fed by \r\ntwo of those modules. DC input,
AC power output and energy yield of each micro-inverter have been recorded by
\r\nindividual calibrated electricity meters. Apparently, some inverters have
been optimized for high irradiance levels \r\nand ranked better at the CEC efficiency
ranking, others performed very well also at low irradiance levels, thus \r\nranking
higher at in the EU efficiency ranking. Efficiency ranks are slightly deviating
from rankings by energy yield \r\nmeasurements. At one inverter, a slow MPPT algorithm
that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels is \r\nmost probably
responsible for this effect. Another inverter switched off for a while after operation
at high power, \r\nanother one failed permanently. Apparently, some inverters
are been optimized to show excellent datasheet ratings \r\nfor EU- or CEC- efficiency.
On the other hand, two inverters (each featuring two inputs) did not show an outstanding
\r\nperformance at the EU- and CEC-ratings but achieved leading ranks for AC energy
yields. For the customer, AC \r\nyield is a major performance indicator of a microinverter
and should be included in the datasheet."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion
Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020. ;
2020:935-938. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
935–938. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Micro-Inverters: An Update
of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2},
booktitle={Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld,
Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={935–938} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings of the EUPVSEC
2020, 935–38, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of
Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
online, 2020, pp. 935–938, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020,
2020, pp. 935–38, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020, 2020, pp.
935–938.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC
2020)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-08-27T06:28:42Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T13:02:11Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2
language:
- iso: eng
page: 935 - 938
publication: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- "\t3-936338-73-6"
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy
Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16857'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad
von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. In: Tagungsband des 35.
Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland).
; 2020.'
apa: Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf
den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland). 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz,
Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis
2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur
auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen}, booktitle={Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf
den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” In Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 2020.
ieee: S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad
von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen,” presented at the 35. Symposiums
für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland),
17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein,
2020.
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den
Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” Tagungsband
des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 2020.
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische
Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-02
location: Bad Staffelstein
name: 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein
(Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020)
start_date: 2020-08-31
date_created: 2020-04-27T05:55:09Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:26:08Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: ger
publication: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster
Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern
für PV-Netzeinspeisungen
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '18387'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: " During comparative measurements of different PV microinverters, two yield
issues came up that could \r\nnot be explored via conventional efficiency measurements,
but do have a significant impact on electrical energy \r\nyield: First category
of issues are either sluggish or nervously acting maximum–power–point–tracking
devices, which \r\nlead to reduced energy yields. The other category of issues
is thermal: As a first explanation for observed reduced \r\nenergy yields, it
has been assumed that the conversion efficiency degrades at higher operating temperatures.
This \r\nmatter has been investigated in this article: A change in conversion
efficiency could not be observed for elevated \r\noperation temperatures up to
50°C, despite high-precision and repeated measurements. But it was found that
some \r\ninverters temporarily interrupted (or entirely stopped) operation after
long periods of running at high temperatures. \r\nAlso, a reduction in potential
maximum power output has been detected for those inverters. Summarizing: With
a \r\nhigh degree of certainty it can be stated that those reported yield losses
have been caused by the temporary shutdowns \r\nand power limitations of the inverters."
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency, Overall
Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters. In: Proceedings of the EU
PVSEC 2020 . ; 2020:1179-1180. doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6'
apa: Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters. Proceedings of the
EU PVSEC 2020 , 1179–1180. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Elevated Temperatures Affecting
Efficiency, Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters}, DOI={10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6},
booktitle={Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 }, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld,
Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={1179–1180} }'
chicago: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters.” In Proceedings
of the EU PVSEC 2020 , 1179–80, 2020. https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters,” in Proceedings
of the EU PVSEC 2020 , online, 2020, pp. 1179–1180, doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.'
mla: Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency,
Overall Performance and Energy Yield of PV Microinverters.” Proceedings of
the EU PVSEC 2020 , 2020, pp. 1179–80, doi:10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6.
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 , 2020, pp.
1179–1180.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: online
name: EU PVSEC 2020, 37th EU Photovoltaik Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2020-08-27T06:26:25Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:32:47Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4AV.3.6
file:
- access_level: closed
content_type: application/pdf
creator: krauter
date_created: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
file_id: '29171'
file_name: Krauter Bendfeld - Microinverters at elevated temperatures EUPVSEC 2020.pdf
file_size: 599660
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2022-01-06T12:27:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
jel:
- Q42
keyword:
- AC-modules
- Microinverter
- Power Conditioning
- Thermal Performance
- Ventilation
- Stability
- Efficiency
- Yield
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1179 - 1180
publication: 'Proceedings of the EU PVSEC 2020 '
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 3-936338-73-6
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Elevated Temperatures Affecting Efficiency, Overall Performance and Energy
Yield of PV Microinverters
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16899'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: To compare efficiency and yield of many micro-inverters available on the world
market in 2014-2020, an in- and outdoor test laboratory at the University of Paderborn
has been set up. The inverters have been fed by identical and calibrated crystalline
silicon PV modules of 215 Wp. To monitor accurately DC input, AC power output
and energy yield, each of the micro-inverters has been equipped with a calibrated
electricity meter. For micro-inverters requiring control units for grid-feeding
that has been acquired also. The comparison covers efficiency-load characteristics
as well as electrical energy yields. Purchase costs vary considerably between
the models in comparison, sometimes inverter costs are higher than module costs,
particularly if an additional grid-connection or interface device is needed for
operation. The weighted conversion efficiency according to EU and CEC standards
has been measured and calculated. While some inverters have been optimized for
high irradiance levels, they ranked better at the CEC efficiency, others performed
very well also for low irradiance levels, thus ranking higher at in the EU-efficiency
tables. These results are deviating from the actual energy yield measurements,
which show a slightly different ranking. At one inverter, an accurate, but very
slow MPPT algorithm that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels
could be the reason for this effect. Another inverter switched off after operation
at high power output for a while. Apparently, some inverters are been optimized
to show excellent EU and CEC efficiency ratings. Two of the inverters featuring
two inputs did not show an exceptional performance at the EU- and CEC-ratings,
but they achieved top ranks at the AC energy yield for the first years. For the
customer, the AC yield is a major performance indicator of any microinverter and
should be included in the datasheet.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: 'Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of
Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL
MEETING. IEEE; 2020:1429-1432. doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953'
apa: 'Krauter, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2020). Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. Proceedings of the
47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020
VIRTUAL MEETING, 1429–1432. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, place={online}, title={Comparison
of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields},
DOI={10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Krauter,
Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={1429–1432} }'
chicago: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In Proceedings of
the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21,
2020 VIRTUAL MEETING, 1429–32. online: IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
ieee: 'S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings
of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in Proceedings of the 47th IEEE
Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL
MEETING, VIRTUAL MEETING, 2020, pp. 1429–1432, doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
mla: 'Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Comparison of Microinverters: Update
on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” Proceedings of the
47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020
VIRTUAL MEETING, IEEE, 2020, pp. 1429–32, doi:10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953.'
short: 'S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists
Conference (PVSC 47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING, IEEE, online,
2020, pp. 1429–1432.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-08-21
location: VIRTUAL MEETING
name: 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC 47)
start_date: 2020-06-15
date_created: 2020-04-29T05:31:12Z
date_updated: 2022-01-07T10:10:43Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.1109/PVSC45281.2020.9300953
keyword:
- yield
- AC
- micro-inverter
- MPPT
- CEC rating
- EU efficiency
- Photovoltaic
- Solar
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9300953
page: 1429-1432
place: online
publication: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC
47) JUNE 15 - AUGUST 21, 2020 VIRTUAL MEETING
publication_identifier:
issn:
- ' 0160-8371'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Comparison of Microinverters: Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies
and Energy Yields'
type: conference
user_id: '28836'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '48501'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Gathering knowledge not only of the current but also the upcoming
wind speed is getting more and more important as the experience of operating and
maintaining wind turbines is increasing. Not only with regards to operation and
maintenance tasks such as gearbox and generator checks but moreover due to the
fact that energy providers have to sell the right amount of their converted energy
at the European energy markets, the knowledge of the wind and hence electrical
power of the next day is of key importance. Selling more energy as has been offered
is penalized as well as offering less energy as contractually promised. In addition
to that the price per offered kWh decreases in case of a surplus of energy. Achieving
a forecast there are various methods in computer science: fuzzy logic, linear
prediction or neural networks. This paper presents current results of wind speed
forecasts using recurrent neural networks (RNN) and the gradient descent method
plus a backpropagation learning algorithm. Data used has been extracted from NASA''s
Modern Era-Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) which
is calculated by a GEOS-5 Earth System Modeling and Data Assimilation system.
The presented results show that wind speed data can be forecasted using historical
data for training the RNN. Nevertheless, the current set up system lacks robustness
and can be improved further with regards to accuracy.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Balluff S, Bendfeld J, Krauter S. Meteorological Data Forecast using RNN.
In: Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global; 2019. doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050'
apa: Balluff, S., Bendfeld, J., & Krauter, S. (2019). Meteorological Data Forecast
using RNN. In Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050
bibtex: '@inbook{Balluff_Bendfeld_Krauter_2019, title={Meteorological Data Forecast
using RNN}, DOI={10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050},
booktitle={Deep Learning and Neural Networks}, publisher={IGI Global}, author={Balluff,
Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2019} }'
chicago: Balluff, Stefan, Jörg Bendfeld, and Stefan Krauter. “Meteorological Data
Forecast Using RNN.” In Deep Learning and Neural Networks. IGI Global,
2019. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050.
ieee: S. Balluff, J. Bendfeld, and S. Krauter, “Meteorological Data Forecast using
RNN,” in Deep Learning and Neural Networks, IGI Global, 2019.
mla: Balluff, Stefan, et al. “Meteorological Data Forecast Using RNN.” Deep Learning
and Neural Networks, IGI Global, 2019, doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050.
short: 'S. Balluff, J. Bendfeld, S. Krauter, in: Deep Learning and Neural Networks,
IGI Global, 2019.'
date_created: 2023-10-27T08:28:27Z
date_updated: 2023-10-27T08:29:56Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.4018/978-1-7998-0414-7.ch050
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Deep Learning and Neural Networks
publication_status: published
publisher: IGI Global
status: public
title: Meteorological Data Forecast using RNN
type: book_chapter
user_id: '16148'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '6633'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Wübbeke, Stefan
last_name: Wübbeke
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Balluff S, Wübbeke S, Krauter S. Performance of MERRA2 Data Compared
to Floating LiDAR. In: Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017. Bremen; 2017.'
apa: Bendfeld, J., Balluff, S., Wübbeke, S., & Krauter, S. (2017). Performance
of MERRA2 Data Compared to Floating LiDAR. In Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017.
Bremen.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Balluff_Wübbeke_Krauter_2017, place={Bremen}, title={Performance
of MERRA2 Data Compared to Floating LiDAR}, booktitle={Proceedings of the DEWEK
2017}, author={Bendfeld, Jörg and Balluff, Stefan and Wübbeke, Stefan and Krauter,
Stefan}, year={2017} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, Stefan Balluff, Stefan Wübbeke, and Stefan Krauter. “Performance
of MERRA2 Data Compared to Floating LiDAR.” In Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017.
Bremen, 2017.
ieee: J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, S. Wübbeke, and S. Krauter, “Performance of MERRA2
Data Compared to Floating LiDAR,” in Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017, Bremen,
2017.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, et al. “Performance of MERRA2 Data Compared to Floating LiDAR.”
Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017, 2017.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, S. Wübbeke, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the
DEWEK 2017, Bremen, 2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-11-18
location: Bremen
name: Dewek 17
start_date: 2017-11-17
date_created: 2019-01-14T07:07:04Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:13Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Bremen
publication: Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017
status: public
title: Performance of MERRA2 Data Compared to Floating LiDAR
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6634'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: J.
full_name: Krüger, J.
last_name: Krüger
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Balluff S, Krüger J, Krauter S. Short-term wind speed and power
prediction for offshore wind farms using neural networks. In: Proceedings of
the DEWEK 2017. Bremen; 2017.'
apa: Bendfeld, J., Balluff, S., Krüger, J., & Krauter, S. (2017). Short-term
wind speed and power prediction for offshore wind farms using neural networks.
In Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017. Bremen.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Balluff_Krüger_Krauter_2017, place={Bremen}, title={Short-term
wind speed and power prediction for offshore wind farms using neural networks},
booktitle={Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017}, author={Bendfeld, Jörg and Balluff,
Stefan and Krüger, J. and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2017} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, Stefan Balluff, J. Krüger, and Stefan Krauter. “Short-Term
Wind Speed and Power Prediction for Offshore Wind Farms Using Neural Networks.”
In Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017. Bremen, 2017.
ieee: J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, J. Krüger, and S. Krauter, “Short-term wind speed
and power prediction for offshore wind farms using neural networks,” in Proceedings
of the DEWEK 2017, Bremen, 2017.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, et al. “Short-Term Wind Speed and Power Prediction for Offshore
Wind Farms Using Neural Networks.” Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017, 2017.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, J. Krüger, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the DEWEK
2017, Bremen, 2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-11-18
location: Bremen
name: Dewek 17
start_date: 2017-11-17
date_created: 2019-01-14T07:10:34Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:13Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Bremen
publication: Proceedings of the DEWEK 2017
status: public
title: Short-term wind speed and power prediction for offshore wind farms using neural
networks
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6635'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Krauter S. Update on rankings of conversion efficiencies and energy
yield of micro-inverters, including inverters for two PV modules. In: Proceedings
of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481. ; 2017.'
apa: Bendfeld, J., & Krauter, S. (2017). Update on rankings of conversion efficiencies
and energy yield of micro-inverters, including inverters for two PV modules. In
Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481. Amsterdam.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Krauter_2017, title={Update on rankings of conversion
efficiencies and energy yield of micro-inverters, including inverters for two
PV modules}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy
Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481}, author={Bendfeld,
Jörg and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2017} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, and Stefan Krauter. “Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies
and Energy Yield of Micro-Inverters, Including Inverters for Two PV Modules.”
In Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481, 2017.
ieee: J. Bendfeld and S. Krauter, “Update on rankings of conversion efficiencies
and energy yield of micro-inverters, including inverters for two PV modules,”
in Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481, Amsterdam, 2017.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, and Stefan Krauter. “Update on Rankings of Conversion Efficiencies
and Energy Yield of Micro-Inverters, Including Inverters for Two PV Modules.”
Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481, 2017.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481,
2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-09-25
location: Amsterdam
name: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2017-09-25
date_created: 2019-01-14T08:13:03Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:13Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1477–1481
status: public
title: Update on rankings of conversion efficiencies and energy yield of micro-inverters,
including inverters for two PV modules
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6636'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Krauter S. Long-term performance of PV micro-inverters. In: Proceedings
of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840. ; 2017.'
apa: Bendfeld, J., & Krauter, S. (2017). Long-term performance of PV micro-inverters.
In Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840. Amsterdam.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Krauter_2017, title={Long-term performance of PV
micro-inverters}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar
Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840},
author={Bendfeld, Jörg and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2017} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, and Stefan Krauter. “Long-Term Performance of PV Micro-Inverters.”
In Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840, 2017.
ieee: J. Bendfeld and S. Krauter, “Long-term performance of PV micro-inverters,”
in Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840, Amsterdam, 2017.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, and Stefan Krauter. “Long-Term Performance of PV Micro-Inverters.”
Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840, 2017.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840,
2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-09-29
location: Amsterdam
name: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2017-09-25
date_created: 2019-01-14T08:15:34Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:13Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, S. 1836–1840
status: public
title: Long-term performance of PV micro-inverters
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6641'
author:
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Bermpohl, Wolfgang
id: '15290'
last_name: Bermpohl
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Khatibi A, Bendfeld J, Bermpohl W, Krauter S. Introduction of an Advanced
Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems. In:
Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017. Amsterdam; 2017.'
apa: Khatibi, A., Bendfeld, J., Bermpohl, W., & Krauter, S. (2017). Introduction
of an Advanced Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV
Systems. In Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017. Amsterdam.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Khatibi_Bendfeld_Bermpohl_Krauter_2017, place={Amsterdam},
title={Introduction of an Advanced Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers
for Off-Grid PV Systems}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic
Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017}, author={Khatibi,
Arash and Bendfeld, Jörg and Bermpohl, Wolfgang and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2017}
}'
chicago: Khatibi, Arash, Jörg Bendfeld, Wolfgang Bermpohl, and Stefan Krauter. “Introduction
of an Advanced Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV
Systems.” In Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017. Amsterdam, 2017.
ieee: A. Khatibi, J. Bendfeld, W. Bermpohl, and S. Krauter, “Introduction of an
Advanced Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems,”
in Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam,
(Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, Amsterdam, 2017.
mla: Khatibi, Arash, et al. “Introduction of an Advanced Method for Testing of Battery
Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems.” Proceedings of the 33rd European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept.
2017, 2017.
short: 'A. Khatibi, J. Bendfeld, W. Bermpohl, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the
33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017, Amsterdam, 2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-09-29
location: Amsterdam
name: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2017-09-25
date_created: 2019-01-14T09:10:02Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:14Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Amsterdam
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017
status: public
title: Introduction of an Advanced Method for Testing of Battery Charge Controllers
for Off-Grid PV Systems
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6642'
author:
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Khatibi, Arash
id: '43538'
last_name: Khatibi
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Wolfgang
full_name: Bermpohl, Wolfgang
id: '15290'
last_name: Bermpohl
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Khatibi A, Bendfeld J, Bermpohl W, Krauter S. Testing and Analysis of Battery
Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems. In: Proceedings of the 33rd European
Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept.
2017. Amsterdam; 2017.'
apa: Khatibi, A., Bendfeld, J., Bermpohl, W., & Krauter, S. (2017). Testing
and Analysis of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems. In Proceedings
of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017. Amsterdam.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Khatibi_Bendfeld_Bermpohl_Krauter_2017, place={Amsterdam},
title={Testing and Analysis of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017}, author={Khatibi, Arash and Bendfeld,
Jörg and Bermpohl, Wolfgang and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2017} }'
chicago: Khatibi, Arash, Jörg Bendfeld, Wolfgang Bermpohl, and Stefan Krauter. “Testing
and Analysis of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems.” In Proceedings
of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017. Amsterdam, 2017.
ieee: A. Khatibi, J. Bendfeld, W. Bermpohl, and S. Krauter, “Testing and Analysis
of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems,” in Proceedings of the
33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017, Amsterdam, 2017.
mla: Khatibi, Arash, et al. “Testing and Analysis of Battery Charge Controllers
for Off-Grid PV Systems.” Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar
Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017, 2017.
short: 'A. Khatibi, J. Bendfeld, W. Bermpohl, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the
33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Amsterdam, (Niederlande),
25.-29. Sept. 2017, Amsterdam, 2017.'
conference:
end_date: 2017-09-29
location: Amsterdam
name: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
start_date: 2017-09-25
date_created: 2019-01-14T09:12:39Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:14Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Amsterdam
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference,
Amsterdam, (Niederlande), 25.-29. Sept. 2017
status: public
title: Testing and Analysis of Battery Charge Controllers for Off-Grid PV Systems
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '6482'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
citation:
ama: Balluff S, Bendfeld J. Offshore Metocean Station for Energy Purposes. Journal
of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems. 2016;4(4):333-346.
doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026
apa: Balluff, S., & Bendfeld, J. (2016). Offshore Metocean Station for Energy
Purposes. Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment
Systems, 4(4), 333–346. https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026
bibtex: '@article{Balluff_Bendfeld_2016, title={Offshore Metocean Station for Energy
Purposes}, volume={4}, DOI={10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026},
number={4}, journal={Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment
Systems}, publisher={International Centre for Sustainable Development of Water},
author={Balluff, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2016}, pages={333–346} }'
chicago: 'Balluff, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Offshore Metocean Station for Energy
Purposes.” Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment
Systems 4, no. 4 (2016): 333–46. https://doi.org/10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026.'
ieee: S. Balluff and J. Bendfeld, “Offshore Metocean Station for Energy Purposes,”
Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems,
vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 333–346, 2016.
mla: Balluff, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Offshore Metocean Station for Energy Purposes.”
Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems,
vol. 4, no. 4, International Centre for Sustainable Development of Water, 2016,
pp. 333–46, doi:10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026.
short: S. Balluff, J. Bendfeld, Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water
and Environment Systems 4 (2016) 333–346.
date_created: 2019-01-02T15:58:11Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:06Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.13044/j.sdewes.2016.04.0026
intvolume: ' 4'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 333-346
publication: Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1848-9257
publication_status: published
publisher: International Centre for Sustainable Development of Water
status: public
title: Offshore Metocean Station for Energy Purposes
type: journal_article
user_id: '16148'
volume: 4
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '6646'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Balluff S, Krauter S. Einbindung von Offshore Windenergie durch
innovative Prognosemodelle und Speichertechnologien. In: 14. Symposium Energieinnovation
2016. ; 2016.'
apa: Bendfeld, J., Balluff, S., & Krauter, S. (2016). Einbindung von Offshore
Windenergie durch innovative Prognosemodelle und Speichertechnologien. In 14.
Symposium Energieinnovation 2016. Graz.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Balluff_Krauter_2016, title={Einbindung von Offshore
Windenergie durch innovative Prognosemodelle und Speichertechnologien}, booktitle={14.
Symposium Energieinnovation 2016}, author={Bendfeld, Jörg and Balluff, Stefan
and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2016} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, Stefan Balluff, and Stefan Krauter. “Einbindung von Offshore
Windenergie Durch Innovative Prognosemodelle Und Speichertechnologien.” In 14.
Symposium Energieinnovation 2016, 2016.
ieee: J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, and S. Krauter, “Einbindung von Offshore Windenergie
durch innovative Prognosemodelle und Speichertechnologien,” in 14. Symposium
Energieinnovation 2016, Graz, 2016.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, et al. “Einbindung von Offshore Windenergie Durch Innovative
Prognosemodelle Und Speichertechnologien.” 14. Symposium Energieinnovation
2016, 2016.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, S. Krauter, in: 14. Symposium Energieinnovation
2016, 2016.'
conference:
end_date: 2016-02
location: Graz
name: 14. Symposium Energieinnovation 2016
start_date: 2016-02
date_created: 2019-01-14T09:33:32Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:14Z
department:
- _id: '53'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 14. Symposium Energieinnovation 2016
status: public
title: Einbindung von Offshore Windenergie durch innovative Prognosemodelle und Speichertechnologien
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '16148'
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '6647'
author:
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Bendfeld, Jörg
id: '16148'
last_name: Bendfeld
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Balluff, Stefan
last_name: Balluff
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Krauter, Stefan
id: '28836'
last_name: Krauter
orcid: 0000-0002-3594-260X
citation:
ama: 'Bendfeld J, Balluff S, Krauter S. Green Energy from the Ocean An overview
on costeffectiv and reliable measuring systems. In: 2015 International Conference
on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). IEEE; 2016. doi:10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439'
apa: 'Bendfeld, J., Balluff, S., & Krauter, S. (2016). Green Energy from the
Ocean An overview on costeffectiv and reliable measuring systems. In 2015 International
Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA). Palermo,
Italy: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Bendfeld_Balluff_Krauter_2016, title={Green Energy from
the Ocean An overview on costeffectiv and reliable measuring systems}, DOI={10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439},
booktitle={2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications
(ICRERA)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Bendfeld, Jörg and Balluff, Stefan and Krauter,
Stefan}, year={2016} }'
chicago: Bendfeld, Jörg, Stefan Balluff, and Stefan Krauter. “Green Energy from
the Ocean An Overview on Costeffectiv and Reliable Measuring Systems.” In 2015
International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA).
IEEE, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439.
ieee: J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, and S. Krauter, “Green Energy from the Ocean An overview
on costeffectiv and reliable measuring systems,” in 2015 International Conference
on Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), Palermo, Italy, 2016.
mla: Bendfeld, Jörg, et al. “Green Energy from the Ocean An Overview on Costeffectiv
and Reliable Measuring Systems.” 2015 International Conference on Renewable
Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), IEEE, 2016, doi:10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439.
short: 'J. Bendfeld, S. Balluff, S. Krauter, in: 2015 International Conference on
Renewable Energy Research and Applications (ICRERA), IEEE, 2016.'
conference:
end_date: 2015-11
location: Palermo, Italy
name: 4th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications
start_date: 2015-11
date_created: 2019-01-14T09:37:57Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:14Z
department:
- _id: '53'
doi: 10.1109/icrera.2015.7418439
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2015 International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications
(ICRERA)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781479999828'
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Green Energy from the Ocean An overview on costeffectiv and reliable measuring
systems
type: conference
user_id: '16148'
year: '2016'
...