@book{40119, editor = {{Ecker, Wolfgang and Müller, Wolfgang and Dömer, Rainer}}, isbn = {{9781402094354}}, publisher = {{Springer Netherlands}}, title = {{{Hardware-dependent Software}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-1-4020-9436-1}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37067, abstract = {{IP-XACT is a well accepted standard for the exchange of IP components at Electronic System and Register Transfer Level. Still, the creation and manipulation of these descriptions at the XML level can be time-consuming and error-prone. In this paper, we show that the UML can be consistently applied as an efficient and comprehensible frontend for IP-XACT-based IP description and integration. For this, we present an IP-XACT UML profile that enables UML-based descriptions covering the same information as a corresponding IP-XACT description. This enables the automated generation of IP-XACT component and design descriptions from respective UML models. In particular, it also allows the integration of existing IPs with UML. To illustrate our approach, we present an application example based on the IBM PowerPC Evaluation Kit.}}, author = {{Schattkowsky, Tim and Xie, Tao and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of DATE'09}}, isbn = {{978-1-4244-3781-8}}, keywords = {{Unified modeling language, XML, Power system modeling, Application software, Master-slave, Power system management, Acceleration, Scattering, Software engineering, Software standards}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{A UML Frontend for IP-XACT-based IP Management}}}, doi = {{10.1109/DATE.2009.5090664}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37066, abstract = {{Today, mobile and embedded real-time systems have to cope with the migration and allocation of multiple software tasks running on top of a real-time operating system (RTOS) residing on one or multiple system processors. Abstract RTOS simulations and timing analysis applies for fast and early estimation to configure it towards the individual needs of the application and environment. In this context, a high accuracy of the simulation compared to an instruction set simulation (ISS) is of key importance. In this paper, we investigate the accuracy of abstract RTOS simulation and compare it to ISS and the behavior of the physical system. We show that we can reach an increased accuracy of the simulation when we inject noise into the time model. Our results indicate that it is sufficient to inject uniformly distributed random time values to the RTOS real-time clock.}}, author = {{Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of DATE'09}}, isbn = {{978-1-4244-3781-8}}, keywords = {{Timing, Analytical models, Clocks, Performance analysis, Scheduling, Operating systems, Delay, Real time systems, Application software, Context modeling}}, title = {{{Increased Accuracy through Noise Injection in Abstract RTOS Simulation}}}, doi = {{10.1109/DATE.2009.5090925}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37063, abstract = {{Safety-critical automotive systems must fulfill hard real-time constraints to guarantee their reliability and safety requirements. In the context of network-based electronics systems, high-level timing requirements have to be carefully mastered and traced throughout the whole development process. In this paper, we outline the management of scheduling-specific timing information by the application of a steer-by-wire design example. We apply the principles of the AUTOSAR-compliant Timing Augmented Description Language (TADL) following the methodology introduced by the TIMMO project[2]. Focus of the example will be the identification of end-to-end timing constraints and their refinement by means of stimuli-response event chains.}}, author = {{Klobedanz, Kay and Kuznik, Christoph and Elfeky, Ahmed and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of IESS09}}, isbn = {{978-3-642-04283-6}}, keywords = {{Abstraction Level Controller Area Network High Abstraction Level Event Chain Automotive System}}, publisher = {{Springer Verlag}}, title = {{{Development of Automotive Communication Based Real-Time Systems - A Steer-by-Wire Case Study}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-642-04284-3_20}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37064, author = {{Becker, Markus and Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang}}, location = {{Berlin}}, title = {{{Integration abstrakter RTOS-Simulation in den Entwurf eingebetteter automobiler E/E-Systeme}}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37061, author = {{Krupp, Alexander and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of IESS09}}, title = {{{Systematic Model-in-the-Loop Test of Embedded Control Systems}}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inproceedings{37068, author = {{Doemer, R. and Gerstlauer, A. and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of ASP-DAC'09}}, title = {{{Hardware-dependent Software for Multi- and Many-Core Embedded Systems}}}, year = {{2009}}, } @inbook{33809, abstract = {{Today, mobile and embedded real-time systems have to cope with the migration and allocation of multiple software tasks running on top of a real-time operating system (RTOS) residing on one or several system processors. Each RTOS has to be configured towards the individual needs of the application and environment. For this, different scheduling strategies and task priorities have to be evaluated in order to keep execution and response times for a given task set. Abstract RTOS simulation is applied to analyze different parameters in early design phases. This chapter presents a SystemC RTOS library for abstract yet accurate RTOS sim- ulation, supporting modeling of preemption in the presence of prioritized and nested interrupts. After introducing basic principles of abstract RTOS simula- tion, we present our SystemC library in detail. Thereafter, we discuss related approaches and close with applications in electronic automotive systems design and some evaluations.}}, author = {{Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang and Gerstlauer, Andreas}}, booktitle = {{Hardware Dependent Software - Principles and Practice}}, editor = {{Ecker, Wolfgang and Müller, Wolfgang and Dömer, Rainer}}, isbn = {{978-1-4020-9435-4}}, pages = {{233--260}}, publisher = {{Springer Verlag}}, title = {{{Accurate RTOS Modelling and Analysis with SystemC}}}, year = {{2009}}, } @article{34563, abstract = {{UML has been widely accepted by the software community for several years. As electronic systems design can no longer be seen as an isolated hardware design activity, UML becomes of significant interest as a unification language for systems description combining both HW and SW components. This article provides a comprehensive view of the UML applied to System-on-Chip (SoC) and hardware-related embedded systems design. The modeling concepts in the UML language are first introduced, including major diagrams for the representation of the behavior and the structure of systems. The principles behind application specific UML customizations (UML profiles) are summarized, and several examples relevant for SoC design are given, such as the SysML (System Modeling Language) and the SoC Profile. Thereafter, various approaches associating UML with existing HW/SW design languages are presented. Beyond language aspects, the article addresses the question of UML-based design flows, and shows how UML can be applied concretely to the development of electronic-based systems. The current situation about tool support constitutes the last focus of the article. In particular, we show how UML tools can be combined with well-known simulation environments, such as MATLAB.}}, author = {{Vanderperren, Yves and Müller, Wolfgang and Dahaene, Wim}}, journal = {{Design Automation for Embedded Systems}}, keywords = {{UML SysML Model-based design System specification Modelling languages}}, pages = {{261--292}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{UML for Electronic Systems Design – A Comprehensive Overview}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s10617-008-9028-9}}, volume = {{12}}, year = {{2008}}, } @article{34564, abstract = {{To provide user interfaces for a rich set of devices and interaction modalities, we follow a model-based development methodology. We devised an architecture which deploys user interfaces specified as dialogue models with abstract interaction objects and allows context-based adaptations by means of an external transcoding process. For the validation of the applicability of this methodology for developing usable multimodal multi-device systems, we present two case studies based on proof-of-concept implementations and assessed them with a large set of established design principles and different types of modality cooperation.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang}}, journal = {{Journal on Multimodal User Interfaces}}, keywords = {{Interaction architecture Abstract interaction objects Dialogue model Transformations Multimodality Multi-device Design principles}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{25--41}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag}}, title = {{{Assessment of a Multimodal Interaction and Rendering System against Established Design Principles}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s12193-008-0003-3}}, volume = {{2}}, year = {{2008}}, } @inbook{33815, abstract = {{Test processes in the automotive industry are tool-intensive and affected by technologically heterogeneous test infrastructures. In the industrial practice a product has to pass tests at several levels of abstraction such as Model-in-the-Loop (MIL), Software-in-the-Loop (SIL) and Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) tests. Different test systems are applied for this purpose (e.g. dSPACE MTest, dSPACE Automation Desk, National Instruments Teststand) and almost each test system requests its own proprietary test description language. The exchange of tests between different test systems and the reuse of tests between different test levels is normally not possible. Efforts to integrate these heterogeneous test environments, to address test exchange in a general manner and to standardize and harmonize the existing language environment are still at the beginning and not tailored towards the requirements of the automotive domain. To keep the whole development and test process efficient and manageable, the definition of an integrated and seamless approach is required. TestML – the test exchange language we present in this article – is defined to overcome the technological obstacles (different test language syntax and semantics, different data formats and interface descriptions) that almost automatically accompany the application of heterogeneous test tools and test infrastructures. TestML supports the exchange of tests between different test notations in a heterogeneous tool environment. In this paper, we introduce the XML schema of TestML and demonstrate the efficiency of the interchange format by giving examples from the model-based development of electronic control units. Tool support is illustrated by an application with Simulink/Stateflow.}}, author = {{Großmann, Jürgen and Fey, Ines and Krupp, Alexander and Conrad, Mirko and Wewetzer, Christian and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{ASWSD 2006: Model-Driven Development of Reliable Automotive Services}}, editor = {{Broy, Manfred and Krüger, Ingolf H. and Meisinger, Michael}}, isbn = {{978-3-540-70929-9}}, keywords = {{Test Behavior, Test Exchange, System Under Test, Hybrid Automaton, Test Execution}}, pages = {{98--117}}, publisher = {{Springer Verlag}}, title = {{{TestML – A Test Exchange Language for Model-based Testing of Embedded Software}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-540-70930-5_7}}, year = {{2008}}, } @book{53583, editor = {{Müller, Wolfgang and Wolfe, John}}, title = {{{Proceedings of the 5th International DAC Workshop of UML for SoC Design}}}, year = {{2008}}, } @book{53594, editor = {{Wolfe, John and Müller, Wolfgang}}, title = {{{Proceedings of the 4th DAC Workshop on UML for SOC Design }}}, year = {{2008}}, } @inproceedings{37075, abstract = {{Complex control oriented embedded systems with hard real-time constraints require real-time operation system (RTOS) for predictable timing behavior. To support the evaluation of different scheduling strategies and task priorities, we use an abstract RTOS model based on SystemC. In this article, we present an annotation method for time estimation that supports flexible simulation and validation of real-time-constraints for task migration between different target processors without loss of simulation performance and less memory overhead.}}, author = {{Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang}}, editor = {{Kleinjohann, L. and Kleinjohann, B.}}, isbn = {{978-0-387-09660-5}}, keywords = {{Execution Time Schedule Strategy Simulation Speed Task Migration Atomic Block}}, publisher = {{Springer Verlag}}, title = {{{An Efficient Time Annotation Technique in Abstract RTOS Simulations for Multiprocessor Task Migration}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-0-387-09661-2_18}}, volume = {{271}}, year = {{2008}}, } @inproceedings{37072, abstract = {{Bei der Simulation von eingebetteten Echtzeit Systemen zur Analyse von Ausführungs- zeiten und Scheduling gibt es immer einen Kompromiss zwischen zyklengenauen Ergebnis- sen und der Laufzeit der Simulation. Mithilfe von abstrakten RTOS Modellen auf Basis von SystemC wird versucht diese Lücke zu schließen. Aktuelle Arbeiten besitzen allerdings nur unzureichende Möglichkeiten zur Modellierung von Interrupt Scheduling und ihren hard- wareabhängigen Prioritäten. Unser Ansatz verwendet zwei getrennte Scheduler für Softwa- re Task und Interrupt Service Routinen. Diese Trennung erlaubt die präzise Modellierung von Interrupt Prioritäten und Interrupt Scheduling unabhängig von dem eigentlichen RTOS Scheduler.}}, author = {{Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Methoden und Beschreibungs-sprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation von Schaltungen und System}}, editor = {{Scholl, Ch. and Disch, S.}}, publisher = {{Shaker Verlag}}, title = {{{Präzises Interrupt Scheduling in abstrakten RTOS Modellen in SystemC}}}, year = {{2008}}, } @inproceedings{37076, abstract = {{An komplexe Steuersoftware werden harte Anforderungen bez ̈ug- lich der Einhaltung von Zeitschranken gestellt. Die richtige Wahl eines Echtzeit-Schedulingverfahrens ist hier entscheidend. Die Verwendung von Interrupts in einem Echtzeitsystem erlaubt die zeitnahe Reaktion auf externe Ereignisse. Sie erschwert allerdings die Vorhersagbarkeit von Zeitschranken. In diesem Bericht wird eine Methode zur abstrakten Simulation eines Echtzeitbetriebssystems (Real-Time Operating System/RTOS) in der Systembeschreibungssprache SystemC vorgestellt. Die Verwen- dung eines RTOS-Modelles in SystemC erlaubt die Evaluierung ver- schiedener Schedulingverfahren zu einem fr ̈uhen Zeitpunkt im Ent- wurf des Systems. Interrupts unterliegen allerdings nicht einem RTOS- Schedulingverfahren und m ̈ussen daher gesondert behandelt werden. Dieser Bericht beschreibt die Implementierung eines kanonischen RTOS-Modells zur fr ̈uhen Analyse von Schedulingverfahren, das ei- ne getrennte Modellierung von Task- und Interrupt-Scheduling er- laubt. Dieser Ansatz erlaubt die Trennung des hardwareabh ̈angigen Interrupt-Scheduling in ein separates Modell und eine Evaluierung des Schedules, das sich rein auf Tasks bezieht.}}, author = {{Zabel, Henning and Müller, Wolfgang}}, issn = {{1619-7879}}, number = {{4}}, title = {{{Simulation mit abstrakten RTOS Modellen in SystemC}}}, volume = {{6}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{37083, author = {{Krupp, Alexander and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 21st European Conference on Modelling and Simulation (ECMS 2007)}}, title = {{{Systematic Testbench Specification for Constrained Randomized Test and Functional Coverage}}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{37080, author = {{Großmann, Jürgen and Fey, Ines and Conrad, M. and Wewetzer, Ch. and Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the Automotive Software Workshop '06}}, title = {{{TestML - A Test Exchange Language for Model-based Testing of Embedded Software}}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{37079, author = {{Müller, Wolfgang}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the UML for SoC Design Workshop at DAC'07}}, title = {{{On the Use and Misuse of UML- Application of Diagrams in Engineering}}}, year = {{2007}}, } @inproceedings{37085, abstract = {{Smart Cards are becoming a ubiquitous means for securing a wide range of interactive applications. However in many cases its use is limited for authentication purposes only. In this paper we extend the use of smart cards for carrying abstract user interface descriptions which can be rendered on dierent and potentially remote clients that in addition can support varying interaction modalities. This adds on the one hand to the security since a backend application cannot be used without the UI description, and on the other hand to the versatility of applications, since all devices with a respective renderer for certain modalities can be utilized.}}, author = {{Schäfer, Robbie and Müller, Wolfgang and Marin-López, Andrés and Díaz-Sánchez, Daniel}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the International Conference on Mobile Technology, Applications and Systems (Mobility 2007)}}, title = {{{Using Smart Cards for Secure and Device Independent User Interfaces}}}, year = {{2007}}, }