@article{32437,
author = {{Sherman, David A. and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Grooms, Dustin R. and Norte, Grant E.}},
issn = {{0014-4819}},
journal = {{Experimental Brain Research}},
keywords = {{General Neuroscience}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{407--420}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Somatosensory perturbations influence cortical activity associated with single-limb balance performance}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00221-021-06260-z}},
volume = {{240}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{34024,
abstract = {{Abstract
Objective
External focus (EF) of attention leads to improved balance performance. Consideration of the neuromodulatory effects of EF may inform its clinical utility in addressing neuroplastic impairments after musculoskeletal injuries. We aimed to determine whether electrocortical activity and balance performance changed with attentional foci that prioritized differing sensory feedback and whether changes in electrocortical activity and balance were associated.
Methods
Individuals who were healthy (n = 15) performed a single-limb balance task under 3 conditions: internal focus (IF), somatosensory focus [EF with a baton (EF-baton)], and visual focus [EF with a laser (EF-laser)]. Electrocortical activity and postural sway were recorded concurrently using electroencephalography and a triaxial force plate. Electroencephalographic signals were decomposed, localized, and clustered to generate power spectral density in θ and α-2 frequency bands. Postural sway signals were analyzed with center-of-pressure sway metrics (eg, area, distance, velocity) and knee angle. The relationship between percent change in clustered brain activity and task performance metrics was assessed.
Results
Both EF conditions resulted in increased cortical activity and improved balance performance compared to IF. EF-laser had the largest effect, demonstrating increased frontal θ power (d = 0.64), decreased central θ power (d = −0.30), and decreased bilateral motor, bilateral parietal, and occipital α-2 power (d = −1.38 to −4.27) as well as a shorter path distance (d = −0.94) and a deeper (d = 0.70) and less variable (d = −1.15) knee angle than IF. Weak to moderate associations exist between increases in cortical activity and improved balance performance (ρ = 0.405–0.584).
Conclusions
EF resulted in increased cortical activity associated with cognitive, motor, somatosensory, and visual processing. EF-laser, which prioritized visual feedback, had the largest and broadest effects. Changes in cortical activity resulting from EF were independently associated with improved balance performance.
Impact
This study demonstrates that goal-oriented attention results in functional increases in brain activity compared to internally directed self-focus. These results suggest EF may target neurophysiologic impairments and improve balance in clinical populations.
}},
author = {{Sherman, David A and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Gokeler, Alli and Donovan, Luke and Norte, Grant E}},
issn = {{0031-9023}},
journal = {{Physical Therapy}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}},
publisher = {{Oxford University Press (OUP)}},
title = {{{External Focus of Attention Influences Cortical Activity Associated with Single Limb Balance Performance}}},
doi = {{10.1093/ptj/pzab223}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{32434,
abstract = {{Whereas initial findings have already identified cortical patterns accompanying proprioceptive deficiencies in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), little is known about compensatory sensorimotor mechanisms for re-establishing postural control. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore leg dependent patterns of cortical contributions to postural control in patients 6 weeks following ACLR. A total of 12 patients after ACLR (25.1 ± 3.2 years, 178.1 ± 9.7 cm, 77.5 ± 14.4 kg) and another 12 gender, age, and activity matched healthy controls participated in this study. All subjects performed 10 × 30 s. single leg stances on each leg, equipped with 64-channel mobile electroencephalography (EEG). Postural stability was quantified by area of sway and sway velocity. Estimations of the weighted phase lag index were conducted as a cortical measure of functional connectivity. The findings showed significant group × leg interactions for increased functional connectivity in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injured leg, predominantly including fronto−parietal [F(1, 22) = 8.41, p ≤ 0.008, η2 = 0.28], fronto−occipital [F(1, 22) = 4.43, p ≤ 0.047, η2 = 0.17], parieto−motor [F(1, 22) = 10.30, p ≤ 0.004, η2 = 0.32], occipito−motor [F(1, 22) = 5.21, p ≤ 0.032, η2 = 0.19], and occipito−parietal [F(1, 22) = 4.60, p ≤ 0.043, η2 = 0.17] intra−hemispherical connections in the contralateral hemisphere and occipito−motor [F(1, 22) = 7.33, p ≤ 0.013, η2 = 0.25] on the ipsilateral hemisphere to the injured leg. Higher functional connectivity in patients after ACLR, attained by increased emphasis of functional connections incorporating the somatosensory and visual areas, may serve as a compensatory mechanism to control postural stability of the injured leg in the early phase of rehabilitation. These preliminary results may help to develop new neurophysiological assessments for detecting functional deficiencies after ACLR in the future.}},
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Mouton, Caroline and Gokeler, Alli and Seil, Romain and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{1662-5161}},
journal = {{Frontiers in Human Neuroscience}},
keywords = {{Behavioral Neuroscience, Biological Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology}},
publisher = {{Frontiers Media SA}},
title = {{{Functional Cortical Connectivity Related to Postural Control in Patients Six Weeks After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction}}},
doi = {{10.3389/fnhum.2021.655116}},
volume = {{15}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{32435,
abstract = {{Abstract Mobile Electroencephalography (EEG) provides insights into cortical contributions to postural control. Although changes in theta (4–8 Hz) and alpha frequency power (8–12 Hz) were shown to reflect attentional and sensorimotor processing during balance tasks, information about the effect of stance leg on cortical processing related to postural control is lacking. Therefore, the aim was to examine patterns of cortical activity during single-leg stance with varying surface stability. EEG and force plate data from 21 healthy males (22.43 ± 2.23 years) was recorded during unipedal stance (left/right) on a stable and unstable surface. Using source-space analysis, power spectral density was analyzed in the theta, alpha-1 (8–10 Hz) and alpha-2 (10–12 Hz) frequency bands. Repeated measures ANOVA with the factors leg and surface stability revealed significant interaction effects in the left (p = 0.045, ηp2 = 0.13) and right motor clusters (F = 16.156; p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.41). Furthermore, significant main effects for surface stability were observed for the fronto-central cluster (theta), left and right motor (alpha-1), as well as for the right parieto-occipital cluster (alpha-1/alpha-2). Leg dependent changes in alpha-2 power may indicate lateralized patterns of cortical processing in motor areas during single-leg stance. Future studies may therefore consider lateralized patterns of cortical activity for the interpretation of postural deficiencies in unilateral lower limb injuries.}},
author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Lehmann, Tim and Ullrich, Sarah and Cockcroft, John and Louw, Quinette and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{0014-4819}},
journal = {{Experimental Brain Research}},
keywords = {{General Neuroscience}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{1193--1202}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Stance leg and surface stability modulate cortical activity during human single leg stance}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00221-021-06035-6}},
volume = {{239}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{35626,
author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Lehmann, Tim and Sandbakk, Øyvind and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{2045-2322}},
journal = {{Scientific Reports}},
keywords = {{Multidisciplinary}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{EEG‑derived brain graphs are reliable measures for exploring exercise‑induced changes in brain networks}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41598-021-01494-x}},
volume = {{11}},
year = {{2021}},
}
@article{35628,
author = {{Klämpfl, Martin and Lobinger, Babett and Lehmann, Tim}},
journal = {{ International Journal of Sport Psychology}},
number = {{4}},
pages = {{359--382}},
title = {{{Exploring the phenomenological, environmental, and task-related aspects of the Yips in Tennis, Miniature Golf, Darts, and Archery.}}},
doi = {{10.7352/IJSP.2020.51.359}},
volume = {{51}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@article{32436,
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Cockcroft, John and Louw, Quinette and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{0306-4522}},
journal = {{Neuroscience}},
keywords = {{General Neuroscience}},
pages = {{63--72}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{Modulations of Inter-Hemispherical Phase Coupling in Human Single Leg Stance}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.01.029}},
volume = {{430}},
year = {{2020}},
}
@inproceedings{36934,
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Cockcroft, John and Abegail Louw, Quinette and Baumeister, Jochen}},
location = {{Rom}},
title = {{{Phase Coupling of Bilateral Motor Areas Decreases from Bipedal to Single Leg Stance}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{35631,
abstract = {{Purpose: Whereas many studies addressed the relation between acute physical exercise and executive functions (EF) in children, the effects of various modalities of acute exercise on EF still remain unclear. This systematic review investigated the effects of exercise with low and high cognitive demands on speed of processing and accuracy of performance in tasks examining inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility in children. Method: A systematic literature research in electronic databases was performed. Controlled trials assessing the effects of acute exercise on EF in a pre–post design were included. Results: Ten studies involving a total of 890 participants revealed positive effects in working memory performance in speed of processing after acute exercises with low cognitive demands compared with seated rest, mixed results for inhibition after exercises with low and high cognitive demands, and mixed results for cognitive flexibility with low cognitive demands. Concerning accuracy, only mixed results were found for inhibition after exercises with low and high cognitive demands. Conclusion: The differentiated effects of acute exercises with low and high cognitive demands led to more positive effects in speed of processing compared with accuracy of performance. Further investigations including assessment of neurophysiological parameters of EF are needed.}},
author = {{Paschen, Linda and Lehmann, Tim and Kehne, Miriam and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{0899-8493}},
journal = {{Pediatric Exercise Science}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{267--281}},
publisher = {{Human Kinetics}},
title = {{{Effects of Acute Physical Exercise With Low and High Cognitive Demands on Executive Functions in Children: A Systematic Review}}},
doi = {{10.1123/pes.2018-0215}},
volume = {{31}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{15424,
author = {{Paschen, Linda and Lehmann, Tim and Kehne, Miriam and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{0899-8493}},
journal = {{Pediatr Exerc Sci}},
number = {{3}},
pages = {{267--281}},
title = {{{Effects of Acute Physical Exercise With Low and High Cognitive Demands on Executive Functions in Children: A Systematic Review.}}},
doi = {{10.1123/pes.2018-0215}},
volume = {{31}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inproceedings{36932,
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Büchel, Daniel and Baumeister, Jochen}},
location = {{Berlin}},
title = {{{Exploring Functional Brain Connectivity of Postural Control in Upright Stance}}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@article{32439,
author = {{Anders, Phillipp and Lehmann, Tim and Müller, Helen and Grønvik, Karoline B. and Skjæret-Maroni, Nina and Baumeister, Jochen and Vereijken, Beatrix}},
issn = {{1662-5153}},
journal = {{Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience}},
keywords = {{Behavioral Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology}},
publisher = {{Frontiers Media SA}},
title = {{{Exergames Inherently Contain Cognitive Elements as Indicated by Cortical Processing}}},
doi = {{10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00102}},
volume = {{12}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@inproceedings{36924,
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Paschen, Linda and Baumeister, Jochen}},
location = {{Hamburg}},
pages = {{161–219 }},
title = {{{Comparison of postural stability in the ACL-deficient and reconstructed leg: A meta analysis}}},
volume = {{34}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@article{32440,
author = {{An, Yong Woo and DiTrani Lobacz, Andrea and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Rose, William C. and Higginson, Jill S. and Rosen, Jeffrey and Swanik, Charles Buz}},
issn = {{0905-7188}},
journal = {{Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{251--258}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Neuroplastic changes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients from neuromechanical decoupling}}},
doi = {{10.1111/sms.13322}},
volume = {{29}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@article{38057,
author = {{Anders, Phillipp and Lehmann, Tim and Müller, Helen Martha and Grønvik, Karoline B. and Skjæret-Maroni, Nina and Baumeister, Jochen and Vereijken, Beatrix}},
issn = {{1662-5153}},
journal = {{Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience}},
keywords = {{Behavioral Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology}},
publisher = {{Frontiers Media SA}},
title = {{{Exergames Inherently Contain Cognitive Elements as Indicated by Cortical Processing}}},
doi = {{10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00102}},
volume = {{12}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@article{35632,
author = {{An, Yong Woo and DiTrani Lobacz, Andrea and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Rose, William C. and Higginson, Jill S. and Rosen, Jeffrey and Swanik, Charles Buz}},
issn = {{0905-7188}},
journal = {{Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{251--258}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Neuroplastic changes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients from neuromechanical decoupling}}},
doi = {{10.1111/sms.13322}},
volume = {{29}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@inproceedings{36931,
author = {{Büchel, Daniel and Lehmann, Tim and Cockcroft, John and Abegail Louw, Quinette and Baumeister, Jochen}},
location = {{Berlin}},
title = {{{Effect of Cognitive Dual Task on Cortical Activation during Static Postural Control}}},
year = {{2018}},
}
@article{32441,
author = {{Lehmann, Tim and Paschen, Linda and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{2199-1170}},
journal = {{Sports Medicine - Open}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Single-Leg Assessment of Postural Stability After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}}},
doi = {{10.1186/s40798-017-0100-5}},
volume = {{3}},
year = {{2017}},
}
@article{35630,
author = {{An, Yong Woo and DiTrani Lobacz, Andrea and Lehmann, Tim and Baumeister, Jochen and Swanik, Charles Buz}},
issn = {{0195-9131}},
journal = {{Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise}},
keywords = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
number = {{5S}},
publisher = {{Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)}},
title = {{{Altered Brain Activity During Joint Loading After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction}}},
doi = {{10.1249/01.mss.0000517864.67503.ad}},
volume = {{49}},
year = {{2017}},
}
@article{38065,
author = {{Anders, Phillipp and Lehmann, Tim and Müller, Helen Martha and Molde, Ingunn and Blix Grønvik, Karoline and Skjæret-Maroni, Nina and Vereijken, Beatrix and Baumeister, Jochen}},
issn = {{0966-6362}},
journal = {{Gait & Posture}},
keywords = {{Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Biophysics}},
publisher = {{Elsevier BV}},
title = {{{P107 Balance exergames increase cortical activity in frontal areas of the brain}}},
doi = {{10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.06.461}},
volume = {{57}},
year = {{2017}},
}