@article{46507, author = {{Pramanik, Sudipta and Milaege, Dennis and Hein, Maxwell and Andreiev, Anatolii and Schaper, Mirko and Hoyer, Kay-Peter}}, issn = {{1438-1656}}, journal = {{Advanced Engineering Materials}}, keywords = {{Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science}}, number = {{14}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{An Experimental and Computational Modeling Study on Additively Manufactured Micro‐Architectured Ti–24Nb–4Zr–8Sn Hollow‐Strut Lattice Structures}}}, doi = {{10.1002/adem.202201850}}, volume = {{25}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{46870, author = {{Menge, Dennis and Milaege, Dennis and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Schmid, Hans-Joachim and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{Climate Protection, Resource Efficiency, and Sustainable Engineering}}, editor = {{Horwath, Illona and Schweizer, Swetlana}}, isbn = {{9783837663778}}, issn = {{2703-1543}}, publisher = {{transcript Verlag}}, title = {{{Case Study IV: Individualized Medical Technology using Additive Manufacturing}}}, doi = {{10.14361/9783839463772-007}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{47122, abstract = {{AbstractFeCo alloys are important materials used in pumps and motors in the offshore oil and gas drilling industry. These alloys are subjected to marine environments with a high NaCl concentration, therefore, corrosion and catastrophic failure are anticipated. So, the surface dissolution of additively manufactured FeCo samples is investigated in a quasi-in situ manner, in particular, the pitting corrosion in 5.0 wt pct NaCl solution. The local dissolution of the same sample region is monitored after 24, 72, and 168 hours. Here, the formation of rectangular and circular pits of ultra-fine dimensions (less than 0.5 µm) is observed with increasing immersion time. In addition, the formation of a corrosion-inhibiting surface layer is detected on the sample surface. Surface dissolution leads to a change in the surface structure, however, no change in grain shape or grain size is noticed. The surface topography after local dissolution is correlated to the grain orientation. Quasi-in situ analysis shows the preferential dissolution of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) leading to a change in the fraction of HAGBs and low-angle grain boundaries fraction (LAGBs). For the FeCo sample, a potentiodynamic polarisation test reveals a corrosion potential (Ecorr) of − 0.475 V referred to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) and a corrosion exchange current density (icorr) of 0.0848 A/m2. Furthermore, quasi-in situ experiments showed that grains oriented along certain crystallographic directions are corroding more compared to other grains leading to a significant decrease in the local surface height. Grains with a plane normal close to the $$\langle {1}00\rangle$$ ⟨ 100 ⟩ direction reveal lower surface dissolution and higher corrosion resistance, whereas planes normal close to the $$\langle {11}0\rangle$$ ⟨ 110 ⟩ direction and the $$\langle {111}\rangle$$ ⟨ 111 ⟩ direction exhibit a higher surface dissolution.}}, author = {{Pramanik, Sudipta and Krüger, Jan Tobias and Schaper, Mirko and Hoyer, Kay-Peter}}, issn = {{1073-5623}}, journal = {{Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A}}, keywords = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Quasi-In Situ Localized Corrosion of an Additively Manufactured FeCo Alloy in 5 Wt Pct NaCl Solution}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11661-023-07186-7}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{47536, abstract = {{AbstractEfforts to enhance sustainability in all areas of life are increasing worldwide. In the field of manufacturing technology, a wide variety of approaches are being used to improve both resource and energy efficiency. Efficiency as well as sustainability can be improved by creating a circular economy or through energy-efficient recycling processes. As part of the interdisciplinary research group "Light—Efficient—Mobile" investigations on the energy-efficient friction-induced recycling process have been carried out at the department of Forming and Machining Technology at Paderborn University. E.g. using the friction-induced recycling process, different formless solid aluminum materials can be direct recycled into semi-finished products in an energy-efficient manner. The results of investigations with regard to the influence of the geometrical shape and filling rate of the aluminum particles to be recycled as well as the rotational speed of the continuously rotating wheel are explained in this paper. In addition to the recycling of aluminum chips, aluminum particles like powders from the field of additive manufacturing are processed. Based on these results, the future potentials of solid-state recycling processes and their contribution to the circular economy are discussed. The main focus here is on future interdisciplinary research projects to achieve circularity in the manufacturing of user-individual semi-finished products as well as the possibility to selectively adjust the product properties with the continuous recycling process.}}, author = {{Borgert, Thomas and Milaege, Dennis and Schweizer, Swetlana and Homberg, Werner and Schaper, Mirko and Tröster, Thomas}}, issn = {{1960-6206}}, journal = {{International Journal of Material Forming}}, keywords = {{General Materials Science}}, number = {{6}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Potentials of a friction-induced recycling process to improve resource and energy efficiency in manufacturing technology}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s12289-023-01785-w}}, volume = {{16}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{45360, author = {{Haase, Michael and Bieber, Maximilian and Tasche, Frederik and Schaper, Mirko and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Ponik, Bernd and Magyar, Balázs}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 19th Rapid.Tech 3D Conference Erfurt, Germany, 9–11 May 2023}}, editor = {{Kynast, Michael and Eichmann, Michael and Witt, Gerd}}, isbn = {{978-3-446-47941-8}}, publisher = {{Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG}}, title = {{{Umsetzung einer optimierten Oberflächenschlitzung zur Wirbelstromverlustreduktion auf der Oberfläche eines additiv gefertigten Permanentmagnet-Rotors}}}, doi = {{https://doi.org/10.3139/9783446479425.001 }}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{47535, abstract = {{Consistent lightweight construction in the area of vehicle manufacturing requires the increased use of multi-material combinations. This, in turn, requires an adaptation of standard joining techniques. In multi-material combinations, the importance of integral cast components, in particular, is increasing and poses additional technical challenges for the industry. One approach to solve these challenges is adaptable joining elements manufactured by a thermomechanical forming process. By applying an incremental and thermomechanical joining process, it is possible to react immediately and adapt the joining process inline to reduce the number of different joining elements. In the investigation described in this publication, cast plates made of the cast aluminium alloy EN AC-AlSi9 serve as joining partners, which are processed by sand casting. The joining process of hypoeutectic AlSi alloys is challenging as their brittle character leads to cracks in the joint during conventional mechanical joining. To solve this, the frictional heat of the novel joining process applied can provide a finer microstructure in the hypoeutectic AlSi9 cast alloy. In detail, its Si is finer-grained, resulting in higher ductility of the joint. This study reveals the thermomechanical joining suitability of a hypoeutectic cast aluminium alloy in combination with adaptively manufactured auxiliary joining elements.}}, author = {{Borgert, Thomas and Neuser, Moritz and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Homberg, Werner and Schaper, Mirko}}, issn = {{2504-4494}}, journal = {{Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing}}, keywords = {{Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}}, number = {{5}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Thermomechanical Joining of Hypoeutectic Aluminium Cast Plates}}}, doi = {{10.3390/jmmp7050169}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{43031, abstract = {{Requirements of multi-material construction involve adjustments to standard joining techniques. Especially the growing importance of integral cast components poses additional engineering challenges for the industry. One approach to achieve these goals are adaptable joining elements formed by friction spinning. This approach uses friction-induced heat to form customisable joining elements to join sheets for different boundary conditions, even for brittle cast materials. It is possible to react immediately to adapt to the joining process inline and reduce the amount of different joining elements. As the joining partner serve casting plates of the aluminium casting alloy EN AC–AlSi9, which is processed in the sand casting. Joining hypoeutectic AlSi alloys constitutes a challenge because the brittle character of these cause cracks in the joint during conventional mechanical joining. Furthermore, the friction-induced heat of the novel joining process causes a finer microstructure in the hypoeutectic AlSi9 casting alloy. In particular, the eutectic Si is more fine-grained, resulting in higher joint ductility. This study indicates the joining suitability of a hypoeutectic aluminium casting alloy in combination with adaptive manufactured additional joining elements. Here, various mechanical and microstructural investigations validate the influence of the thermomechanical joining technique. In conclusion, the potential of this joining process is presented regarding the joinability of cast aluminium components.}}, author = {{Borgert, Thomas and Neuser, Moritz and Wiens, Eugen and Grydin, Olexandr and Homberg, Werner and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{Materials Research Proceedings}}, issn = {{2474-395X}}, location = {{Nürnberg}}, pages = {{187--194}}, publisher = {{Materials Research Forum LLC}}, title = {{{Influence of thermo-mechanical joining process on the microstructure of a hypoeutectic aluminium cast alloy}}}, doi = {{10.21741/9781644902417-24}}, volume = {{25}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{52405, abstract = {{Multi-material designs (MMD) are more frequently used in the automotive industry. Hereby, the combination of different materials, metal sheets, or cast components, is mechanically joined, often by forming joining processes. The cast components mostly used are high-strength, age-hardenable aluminium alloys of the Al–Si system. Here, the low ductility of the AlSi alloys constitutes a challenge because their brittle nature causes cracks during the joining process. However, by using suitable solidification conditions, it is possible to achieve a microstructure with improved mechanical and joining properties. For this study, we used the twin-roll casting process (TRC) with water-cooled rollers to manufacture the hypoeutectic AlSi10Mg for the first time. Hereby, high solidification rates are realisable, which introduces a microstructure that is about four times finer than in the sand casting process. In particular, it is shown that a fine microstructure close to the modification with Na or Sr is achieved by the high solidification rate in the TRC process without using these elements. Based on this, the mechanical properties increase, and especially the ductility is enhanced. Subsequent joining investigations validate the positive influence of a high solidification rate since cracks in joints can be avoided. Finally, a microstructure-property-joint suitability correlation is presented.}}, author = {{Neuser, Moritz and Schaper, Mirko and Grydin, Olexandr}}, issn = {{2504-4494}}, journal = {{Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing}}, keywords = {{Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}}, number = {{4}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Mechanical and Microstructure Characterisation of the Hypoeutectic Cast Aluminium Alloy AlSi10Mg Manufactured by the Twin-Roll Casting Process}}}, doi = {{10.3390/jmmp7040132}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{52406, author = {{Grydin, Olexandr and Neuser, Moritz and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{ Conference: ICTP 2023: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity - Current Trends in the Technology of PlasticityAt: Cannes (France)}}, isbn = {{9783031413407}}, issn = {{2195-4356}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{Influence of Shell Material on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Twin-Roll Cast Al-Si-Mg Alloy}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-41341-4_61}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inproceedings{36335, abstract = {{Transformation of Fe- and Cu-rich primary phase particles was studied in an Al-Li-based alloy prepared by twin-roll casting. Thin foils for combined STEM and SEM experiments were prepared by electrolytic twin-jet polishing. They were in-situ heated in a TEM heating stage and observed at 200 kV in the JEOL JEM 2200FS electron microscope equipped with STEM HAADF and BF detectors and SEM BSE and SE detectors working both in composition and topographic modes. The resulting structures were combined with EDS mapping performed directly in the heating holder. Dissolution and transformation of Cu- and Fe-rich particles occur above 500 °C. EDS maps acquired on the foil cooled down to room temperature show that Cu and Fe are both still present in newly formed particles, most likely indicating the presence of the Al7Cu2Fe phase.}}, author = {{CIESLAR, Miroslav and KŘIVSKÁ, Barbora and KRÁLÍK, Rostislav and BAJTOŠOVÁ, Lucia and Grydin, Olexandr and STOLBCHENKO, Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings}}, issn = {{2694-9296}}, keywords = {{Al-Li-based alloy, in-situ TEM, homogenization, phase transformation}}, location = {{Brno}}, publisher = {{TANGER Ltd.}}, title = {{{HOMOGENIZATION OF TWIN-ROLL CAST Al-Li-BASED ALLOY STUDIED BY IN-SITU ELECTRON MICROSCOPY}}}, doi = {{10.37904/metal.2022.4438}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{29724, abstract = {{ In many manufacturing areas, multi-material designs are implemented in which individual components are joined together to form complex structures with numerous joints. For example, in the automotive sector, cast components are used at the junctions of the body and joined with different types of sheet metal and extruded profiles. To be able to join structures consisting of different materials, alternative joining technologies have emerged in recent years. This includes clinching, which allows assembling of two or more thin sheet metal and casting parts by solely cold forming the material. Clinching the brittle and usually less ductile cast aluminium alloys remains a challenge because the brittle character of the cast aluminium alloys can cause cracks during the forming of the clinched joint. In this study, the influence of the heat treatment time of an aluminium casting alloy AlSi9 on the joinability in the clinching process is investigated. Specific heat treatment of the naturally hard AlSi9 leads to a modification of the eutectic microstructure, which can increase ductility. Based on this, it will be examined if specific clinching die geometries can be used, which achieve an optimized geometrical formation of the clinched joint. The load-bearing capacities of the clinched joints are determined and compared by shear tensile and head tensile tests. Furthermore, the joints are examined microscopically to investigate the influence of the heat treatment on the failure behaviour during the load-bearing tests as well as crack initiation within the joining process. }}, author = {{Neuser, Moritz and Böhnke, Max and Grydin, Olexandr and Bobbert, Mathias and Schaper, Mirko and Meschut, Gerson}}, issn = {{1464-4207}}, journal = {{Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science}}, publisher = {{SAGE Publications}}, title = {{{Influence of heat treatment on the suitability for clinching of the aluminium casting alloy AlSi9}}}, doi = {{10.1177/14644207221075838}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{29505, abstract = {{In modern vehicle chassis, multi-material design is implemented to apply the appropriate material for each functionality. In spaceframe technology, both sheet metal and continuous cast are joined to castings at the nodal points of the chassis. Since resistance spot welding is not an option when different materials are joined, research is focusing on mechanical joining methods for multi-material designs. To reduce weight and achieve the required strength, hardenable cast aluminium alloys of the AlSi-system are widely used. Thus, 85–90% of aluminium castings in the automotive industry are comprised of the AlSi-system. Due to the limited weldability, mechanical joining is a suitable process. For this application, various optimisation strategies are required to produce a crack-free joint, as the brittle character of the AlSi alloy poses a challenge. Thus, adapted castings with appropriate ductility are needed. Hence, in this study, the age-hardenable cast aluminium alloy AlSi10Mg is investigated regarding the correlation of the different thicknesses, the microstructural characteristics as well as the resulting mechanical properties. A variation of the thicknesses leads to different solidification rates, which in turn affect the microstructure formation and are decisive for the mechanical properties of the casting as well as the joinability. For the investigation, plates with thicknesses from 2.0 to 4.0 mm, each differing by 0.5 mm, are produced via sand casting. Hence, the overall aim is to evaluate the joinability of AlSi10Mg and derive conclusions concerning the microstructure and mechanical properties.}}, author = {{Neuser, Moritz and Grydin, Olexandr and Frolov, Y. and Schaper, Mirko}}, issn = {{0944-6524}}, journal = {{Production Engineering}}, keywords = {{Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Mechanical Engineering}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Influence of solidification rates and heat treatment on the mechanical performance and joinability of the cast aluminium alloy AlSi10Mg}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11740-022-01106-1}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{36339, abstract = {{Al-Li-based alloys are an attractive material for aircraft and aerospace applications. Preparation of these alloys by twin-roll casting (TRC), which combines rapid metal solidification and subsequent plastic reduction in a single processing step, could improve the properties of the alloys compared to materials prepared by conventional direct-chill casting. A commonly used approach for identifying primary phases is a chemical analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). More accurate results can be achieved by combining the method with diffraction analysis. This process can be considerably simplified in microscopes equipped with automated crystal orientation and phase mapping (ACOM-TEM). Al-Cu-Li-Mg-Zr alloy was prepared by twin-roll casting. A combination of TEM and STEM images with chemical analysis by EDS and ACOM-TEM was used to obtain complex information about phases of boundary primary particles. The efficiency of the individual methods for the phase identification in TRC Al-Li-based alloys is discussed.}}, author = {{BAJTOŠOVÁ, Lucia and Grydin, Olexandr and STOLBCHENKO, Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko and KŘIVSKÁ, Barbora and KRÁLÍK, Rostislav and ŠLAPÁKOVÁ, Michaela and CIESLAR, Miroslav}}, booktitle = {{METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings}}, issn = {{2694-9296}}, keywords = {{Al-Cu-Li-M-Zr-Fe alloy, twin-roll casting, phase identification, ACOM-TEM}}, location = {{Brno}}, publisher = {{TANGER Ltd.}}, title = {{{Phase identification in twin-roll cast Al-Li alloys}}}, doi = {{10.37904/metal.2022.4437}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{32188, abstract = {{The additive manufacturing (AM) of innovative lattice structures with unique mechanical properties has received widespread attention due to the capability of AM processes to fabricate freeform and intricate structures. The most common way to characterize the additively manufactured lattice structures is via the uniaxial compression test. However, although there are many applications for which lattice structures are designed for bending (e.g., sandwich panels cores and some medical implants), limited attention has been paid toward investigating the flexural behavior of metallic AM lattice structures with tunable internal architectures. The purpose of this study was to experimentally investigate the flexural behavior of AM Ti-6Al-4V lattice structures with graded density and hybrid Poisson’s ratio (PR). Four configurations of lattice structure beams with positive, negative, hybrid PR, and a novel hybrid PR with graded density were manufactured via the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) AM process and tested under four-point bending. The manufacturability, microstructure, micro-hardness, and flexural properties of the lattices were evaluated. During the bending tests, different failure mechanisms were observed, which were highly dependent on the type of lattice geometry. The best response in terms of absorbed energy was obtained for the functionally graded hybrid PR (FGHPR) structure. Both the FGHPR and hybrid PR (HPR) structured showed a 78.7% and 62.9% increase in the absorbed energy, respectively, compared to the positive PR (PPR) structure. This highlights the great potential for FGHPR lattices to be used in protective devices, load-bearing medical implants, and energy-absorbing applications.}}, author = {{Abdelaal, Osama and Hengsbach, Florian and Schaper, Mirko and Hoyer, Kay-Peter}}, issn = {{1996-1944}}, journal = {{Materials}}, keywords = {{General Materials Science}}, number = {{12}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{LPBF Manufactured Functionally Graded Lattice Structures Obtained by Graded Density and Hybrid Poisson’s Ratio}}}, doi = {{10.3390/ma15124072}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{34097, author = {{Voswinkel, Dietrich and Striewe, Jan Andre and Grydin, Olexandr and Meinderink, Dennis and Grundmeier, Guido and Schaper, Mirko and Tröster, Thomas}}, issn = {{0924-3046}}, journal = {{Advanced Composite Materials}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Ceramics and Composites}}, pages = {{1--16}}, publisher = {{Informa UK Limited}}, title = {{{Co-bonding of carbon fibre-reinforced epoxy and galvanised steel with laser structured interface for automotive applications}}}, doi = {{10.1080/09243046.2022.2143746}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{30519, author = {{Pramanik, Sudipta and Tasche, Frederik and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Schaper, Mirko}}, journal = {{Magnetism}}, pages = {{88--104}}, publisher = {{MDPI}}, title = {{{Orientation-Dependent Indentation Behaviour of Additively Manufactured FeCo Sample: A Quasi In-Situ Study}}}, doi = {{10.3390/magnetism2020007}}, volume = {{2}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{36327, abstract = {{AbstractWith an innovative optical characterization method, using high-temperature digital image correlation in combination with thermal imaging, the local change in strain and change in temperature could be determined during thermo-mechanical treatment of flat steel specimens. With data obtained by this optical method, the transformation kinetics for every area of interest along the whole measuring length of a flat specimen could be analyzed by the generation of dilatation curves. The benefit of this innovative optical characterization method compared to a dilatometer test is that the experimental effort for the design of a tailored component could be strongly reduced to the investigation of only a few tailored thermo-mechanical processed specimens. Due to the implementation of a strain and/or temperature gradient within the flat specimen, less metallographic samples are prepared for hardness analysis and analysis of the microstructural composition by scanning electron microscopy to investigate the influence of different process parameters. Compared to performed dilatometer tests in this study, the optical method obtained comparable results for the transformation start and end temperatures. For the final design of a part with tailored properties, the optical method is suitable for a time-efficient material characterization. Graphical Abstract}}, author = {{Reitz, Alexander and Grydin, Olexandr and Schaper, Mirko}}, issn = {{1073-5623}}, journal = {{Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A}}, keywords = {{Metals and Alloys, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics}}, number = {{8}}, pages = {{3125--3142}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Optical Detection of Phase Transformations in Steels: An Innovative Method for Time-Efficient Material Characterization During Tailored Thermo-mechanical Processing of a Press Hardening Steel}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11661-022-06732-z}}, volume = {{53}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{40154, abstract = {{The development of bioresorbable materials for temporary implantation enables progress in medical technology. Iron (Fe)-based degradable materials are biocompatible and exhibit good mechanical properties, but their degradation rate is low. Aside from alloying with Manganese (Mn), the creation of phases with high electrochemical potential such as silver (Ag) phases to cause the anodic dissolution of FeMn is promising. However, to enable residue-free dissolution, the Ag needs to be modified. This concern is addressed, as FeMn modified with a degradable Ag-Calcium-Lanthanum (AgCaLa) alloy is investigated. The electrochemical properties and the degradation behavior are determined via a static immersion test. The local differences in electrochemical potential increase the degradation rate (low pH values), and the formation of gaps around the Ag phases (neutral pH values) demonstrates the benefit of the strategy. Nevertheless, the formation of corrosion-inhibiting layers avoids an increased degradation rate under a neutral pH value. The complete bioresorption of the material is possible since the phases of the degradable AgCaLa alloy dissolve after the FeMn matrix. Cell viability tests reveal biocompatibility, and the antibacterial activity of the degradation supernatant is observed. Thus, FeMn modified with degradable AgCaLa phases is promising as a bioresorbable material if corrosion-inhibiting layers can be diminished.}}, author = {{Krüger, Jan Tobias and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Huang, Jingyuan and Filor, Viviane and Mateus-Vargas, Rafael Hernan and Oltmanns, Hilke and Meißner, Jessica and Grundmeier, Guido and Schaper, Mirko}}, issn = {{2079-4983}}, journal = {{Journal of Functional Biomaterials}}, keywords = {{Biomedical Engineering, Biomaterials}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{185}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{FeMn with Phases of a Degradable Ag Alloy for Residue-Free and Adapted Bioresorbability}}}, doi = {{10.3390/jfb13040185}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{36328, abstract = {{Aluminium-steel clad composite was manufactured by twin-roll casting. An intermetallic layer of Al5Fe2 and Al13Fe4 formed at the interface upon annealing above 500 °C. During in-situ annealing in transmission electron microscope, the layer grew towards the steel side of the interface in tongue-like protrusions. A study of furnace-annealed samples revealed, that the bulk growth of the interface phase proceeds towards the aluminium side. The growth towards steel is a surface effect that takes place simultaneously with the bulk growth towards aluminium. At the beginning of the intermetallic layer formation diffusion of Fe into aluminium prevails, afterwards Al atoms diffuse throught the newly formed intermetallic layer towards steel and the whole interface shifts towards aluminium. The kinetics of growth of the intermetallic layer follows parabolic law in both cases, indicating that the growth is governed by diffusion.}}, author = {{Šlapáková, Michaela and Křivská, Barbora and Fekete, Klaudia and Králík, Rostislav and Grydin, Olexandr and Stolbchenko, Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko}}, issn = {{1044-5803}}, journal = {{Materials Characterization}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Condensed Matter Physics, General Materials Science}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{The influence of surface on direction of diffusion in Al-Fe clad material}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112005}}, volume = {{190}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{23794, author = {{Westermann, Hendrik and Reitz, Alexander and Mahnken, Rolf and Schaper, Mirko and Grydin, Olexandr}}, issn = {{1611-3683}}, journal = {{steel research international}}, title = {{{Microstructure transformations in a press hardening steel during tailored thermo‐mechanical processing}}}, doi = {{10.1002/srin.202100346}}, year = {{2022}}, }