@article{63436,
  author       = {{de Souza, Sivoney Ferreira and Beresowski, Christina and Kosmella, Sabine and Ameixa, João and Pothineni, Bhanu Kiran and Keller, Adrian Clemens and Hartlieb, Matthias and Taubert, Andreas and Bald, Ilko}},
  issn         = {{2574-0970}},
  journal      = {{ACS Applied Nano Materials}},
  publisher    = {{American Chemical Society (ACS)}},
  title        = {{{Nanocellulose Membranes for Plasmon-Enhanced Removal of Organic Pollutants from Water}}},
  doi          = {{10.1021/acsanm.5c04857}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{62726,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Surface-assisted DNA lattice assembly is used in the synthesis of functional surfaces and as a model of supramolecular network formation. Here, competitive DNA binding of different cation species is investigated...</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Xu, Xiaodan and Pothineni, Bhanu Kiran and Grundmeier, Guido and Tsushima, Satoru and Keller, Adrian Clemens}},
  issn         = {{2040-3364}},
  journal      = {{Nanoscale}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{On the role of cation-DNA interactions in surface-assisted DNA lattice assembly}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d5nr03695j}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{65082,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Encoding information in molecular arrangements on DNA origami nanostructures (DONs) provides the basis for novel concepts in molecular data storage and computing. To preserve their integrity over long timescales, the information‐carrying DONs are often stored in a frozen state. Here, we investigate the effect of repeated freeze–thaw (F/T) cycles on the structural and functional integrity of DONs carrying biotin (Bt) modifications. Streptavidin (SAv) binding is used to visualize the stored information by atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after 40 F/T cycles. Two strategies are compared by F/T cycling of (I) SAv‐bound DONs and (II) SAv‐free DONs that are exposed to SAv directly before AFM imaging. Our results reveal that while the DONs retain their overall shape, F/T cycling induces a small amount of damage, leading to slightly reduced SAv binding. Adding glycerol at mM concentrations efficiently protects the DONs and restores the original SAv binding yields. Nevertheless, SAv exposure after F/T cycling leads to slightly higher and more consistent SAv binding yields and a lower background of nonspecifically adsorbed SAv compared to Strategy I. This makes information readout by AFM more efficient and renders Strategy II more convenient for long‐term storage of information‐carrying DONs with repeated information readout.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Li, Xinyang and Rabbe, Lukas and Linneweber, Jacqueline and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian Clemens}},
  issn         = {{2628-9725}},
  journal      = {{Chemistry–Methods}},
  number       = {{3}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Stability of Information‐Carrying DNA Origami Nanostructures During Repeated Freeze–Thaw Cycles}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/cmtd.202500161}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{65108,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>Lithographic surface patterning is a cornerstone of modern materials and device fabrication. Although the available lithography techniques are constantly being advanced to push the feature sizes down to the few-nanometer scale, such developments are associated with many technological and economic challenges. Combining established top-down lithography with bottom-up self-assembly strategies has the potential to overcome those challenges and enable the manipulation of matter with molecular precision. One of the most exciting approaches in this regard is to harness the programmability of DNA self-assembly to create precise DNA nanostructure masks to be used in the lithographic patterning of diverse substrates. DNA nanotechnology has provided us with a versatile toolbox for the high-yield synthesis of 2D and 3D nanostructures with complex, user-defined shapes at unprecedented molecular accuracy. Consequently, the last decade has seen intense research efforts aimed at transferring such DNA nanostructure shapes into functional organic and inorganic materials and we have now arrived at a point where sophisticated molecular lithography approaches utilize DNA nanostructure masks for the fabrication of plasmonic surfaces for metamaterials and sensing applications. This review summarizes how the spatial information of such DNA nanostructure masks can be transferred into various organic and inorganic materials through selective etching and deposition steps. The review also discusses recent developments toward all-purpose molecular lithography schemes and highlights promising extensions of the discussed methods toward new materials systems and application fields.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Keller, Adrian Clemens and Linko, Veikko}},
  issn         = {{0022-3727}},
  journal      = {{Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics}},
  publisher    = {{IOP Publishing}},
  title        = {{{Molecular lithography with DNA nanostructures: Methods and applications}}},
  doi          = {{10.1088/1361-6463/ae5667}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inbook{59421,
  author       = {{Parikka, Johannes and Pothineni, Bhanu Kiran and Järvinen, Heini and Tapio, Kosti and Keller, Adrian and Toppari, J. Jussi}},
  booktitle    = {{Methods in Molecular Biology}},
  isbn         = {{9781071643938}},
  issn         = {{1064-3745}},
  publisher    = {{Springer US}},
  title        = {{{Surface-Assisted Assembly of DNA Origami Lattices on Silicon Wafers}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-1-0716-4394-5_7}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{59847,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:p>The surface-assisted assembly of DNA origami lattices is a potent method for creating molecular lithography masks. Lattice quality and assembly kinetics are controlled by various environmental parameters, including the employed surface, the assembly temperature, and the ionic composition of the buffer, with optimized parameter combinations resulting in highly ordered lattices that can span surface areas of several cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>. Established assembly protocols, however, employ assembly times ranging from hours to days. Here, the assembly of highly ordered hexagonal DNA origami lattices at mica surfaces is observed within few minutes using high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). A moderate increase in the DNA origami concentration enables this rapid assembly. While forming a regular lattice takes 10 min at a DNA origami concentration of 4 nM, this time is shortened to about 2 min at a concentration of 6 nM. Increasing the DNA origami concentration any further does not result in shorter assembly times, presumably because DNA origami arrival at the mica surface is diffusion-limited. Over short length scales up to 1 µm, lattice order is independent of the DNA origami concentration. However, at larger length scales of a few microns, a DNA origami concentration of 10 nM yields slightly better order than lower and higher concentrations. Therefore, 10 nM can be considered the optimum concentration for the rapid assembly of highly ordered DNA origami lattices. These results thus represent an important step toward the industrial-scale application of DNA origami-based lithography masks.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Pothineni, Bhanu Kiran and Barner, Jörg and Grundmeier, Guido and Contreras, David and Castro, Mario and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2731-9229}},
  journal      = {{Discover Nano}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Rapid assembly of highly ordered DNA origami lattices at mica surfaces}}},
  doi          = {{10.1186/s11671-025-04254-2}},
  volume       = {{20}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{59992,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The immobilization of DNA origami nanostructures on solid surfaces is an important prerequisite for their application in many biosensors. So far, DNA origami immobilization has been investigated in detail only...</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Xu, Xiaodan and Golebiowska, Sandra Alicja and de los Arcos, Teresa and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2755-3701}},
  journal      = {{RSC Applied Interfaces}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{DNA origami adsorption at single-crystalline TiO2 surfaces}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d5lf00109a}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{58613,
  abstract     = {{Self-assembled DNA origami lattices on silicon oxide surfaces have great potential to serve as masks in molecular lithography. However, silicon oxide surfaces come in many different forms and the type and history of the silicon oxide has a large effect on its physicochemical surface properties. Therefore, we here investigate DNA origami lattice formation on differently fabricated SiOx films on silicon wafers after wet-chemical oxidation by RCA1. Despite having similar oxide compositions and hydroxylation states, of all surfaces tested, only thermally grown SiOx performs similarly well as native oxide. For the other SiOx films deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition and magnetron sputtering, DNA origami adsorption is strongly suppressed. This is attributed to an increased surface roughness and a lower oxide density, respectively. Our results demonstrate that the employed SiOx surface may decide over the outcome of an experiment and should be considered as an additional parameter that may require optimization and fine-tuning before high-quality lattices can be assembled. In particular, our observations suggest that efficient DNA origami lattice assembly on SiOx surfaces requires a low surface roughness and a high oxide density.}},
  author       = {{Pothineni, Bhanu Kiran and Theile-Rasche, Chantal and Müller, Hendrik and Grundmeier, Guido and de los Arcos de Pedro, Maria Teresa and Keller, Adrian}},
  journal      = {{Chemistry – A European Journal}},
  pages        = {{e202404108}},
  title        = {{{DNA Origami Adsorption and Lattice Formation on Different SiOx Surfaces}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/chem.202404108}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{60082,
  author       = {{Keller, Adrian}},
  journal      = {{Nucleic Acid Insights}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{61–75}},
  title        = {{{DNA origami nanostructures in biomedicine and the issue of stability}}},
  doi          = {{10.18609/nuc.2025.011}},
  volume       = {{2}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{58853,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:p>While being a promising approach for the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant, pathogenic bacteria, the clinical implementation of phage therapy still faces several challenges. One of these challenges lies in the high strain-specificity of most bacteriophages, which makes it necessary to screen large phage collections against the target pathogens in order to identify suitable candidates for the formulations of personalized therapeutic phage cocktails. In this work, we evaluate the potential of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) to identify and detect phage infection and subsequent lysis of bacteria immobilized on the surfaces of the QCM-D sensors. Using lytic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> phage T7 as a model, we show that phage infection of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> cells results in various unique alterations in the behaviors of the frequency (Δ<jats:italic>f</jats:italic>) and dissipation (Δ<jats:italic>D</jats:italic>) signals, which are not observed during exposure of the <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic> strain to non-infectious <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> phage phi29 at similar concentration. To aid future phage screening campaigns, we furthermore identify a single measurement parameter, i.e., the spread between the different overtones of Δ<jats:italic>D</jats:italic>, that can be used to detect phage-induced lysis. For T7 infection of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>, this is achieved within 4 h after inoculation, including immobilization and growth of the bacteria on the sensor surface, as well as the completed phage propagation cycle. Given the commercial availability of highly automated multichannel systems and the fact that this approach does not require any sensor modifications, QCM-D has the potential to become a valuable tool for screening medium-sized phage collections against target pathogens.</jats:p>
          <jats:p>
            <jats:bold>Graphical Abstract</jats:bold>
          </jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Pothineni, Bhanu K. and Probst, René and Kiefer, Dorothee and Dobretzberger, Verena and Barišić, Ivan and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{1618-2642}},
  journal      = {{Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Monitoring phage infection and lysis of surface-immobilized bacteria by QCM-D}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{60507,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>DNA origami nanostructures are powerful molecular tools for the controlled arrangement of functional molecules and thus have important applications in biomedicine, sensing, and materials science. The fabrication of DNA origami...</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Tomm, Emilia and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2040-3364}},
  journal      = {{Nanoscale}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{Cost-efficient folding of functionalized DNA origami nanostructures via staple recycling}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d5nr01435b}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{60606,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Streptavidin binding to DNA origami-supported high-density biotin arrays is investigated for selected experimental parameters. While bidentate binding and steric hindrance can be minimized, molecular crowding limits the binding yields in 2D arrays.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Rabbe, Lukas and Tomm, Emilia and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2046-2069}},
  journal      = {{RSC Advances}},
  number       = {{30}},
  pages        = {{24536--24543}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{Toward high-density streptavidin arrays on DNA origami nanostructures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d5ra03393d}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{60709,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Self-assembled DNA origami lattices have promising applications in the fabrication of functional surfaces for sensing and plasmonics via molecular lithography. While surface-assisted DNA origami lattice assembly at mica surfaces is...</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Omoboye, Adekunle and Pothineni, Bhanu and Grundmeier, Guido and She, Zhe and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2755-3701}},
  journal      = {{RSC Applied Interfaces}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{Surface potential-dependent assembly of DNA origami lattices at SiO2 surfaces}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d5lf00169b}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{60973,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The specific binding of DNA origami nanostructures (DONs) to bacteria is an important prerequisite for their application in pathogen targeting and antimicrobial drug delivery. So far, targeting bacteria with DONs has been achieved exclusively via aptamers, which suffer from drawbacks such as sensitivity toward environmental conditions and reduced binding after immobilization or conjugation. Here, an alternative approach is presented based on the modification of DONs with the cell wall‐binding glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin. Using strain‐promoted azide‐alkyne cycloaddition, azide‐modified vancomycin is conjugated to selected staple strands and subsequently incorporated into 2D DON triangles. The resulting constructs show specific binding to the Gram‐positive species <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>B. subtilis</jats:italic>) and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus capitis</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>S. capitis</jats:italic>), and remarkably, to Gram‐negative <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> (<jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>), but no antimicrobial activity at vancomycin concentrations up to at least 2.91 μM. For <jats:italic>B. subtilis</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>, DONs with vancomycin modifications on both sides exhibit better binding than DONs modified on only one side. However, both variants bind equally well to <jats:italic>S. capitis</jats:italic>. These results demonstrate the great potential of small molecule drug compounds for the robust, broad‐spectrum targeting of bacteria with DONs. Targeting a ubiquitous cell wall component of most pathogenic bacteria, vancomycin‐modified DONs have many potential applications in the prevention and treatment of nosocomial infections.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Coşkuner Leineweber, Özge and Pothineni, Bhanu K. and Schumann, Nils and Hofmann, Ulrike and Möser, Christin and Smith, David M. and Grundmeier, Guido and Zhang, Yixin and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2688-4062}},
  journal      = {{Small Structures}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Vancomycin‐Modified DNA Origami Nanostructures for Targeting Bacterial Pathogens}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/sstr.202500246}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{61821,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Controlling the surface orientation of DNA origami nanostructures (DON) is crucial for applications in nanotechnology and materials science. While previous work utilized various DON modifications, simple methods for controlling their landing orientation remain scarce. Here, we demonstrate a straightforward approach to control the adsorption orientation of chiral double‐L (CDL) DON on mica by tuning magnesium ion (Mg<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>⁺) concentration and exploiting global shape distortions. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we analyzed the resulting distribution of the mirror‐image orientations, referred to as S and Z orientations, at both buffer/mica and air/mica interfaces and identified conditions resulting in homogenous CDL orientation of 100% S. These results demonstrate how DON conformation and ionic environments influence DON orientation, offering insights for precise nanostructure deposition.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Velpula, Gangamallaiah and Tomm, Emilia and Shen, Boxuan and Mali, Kunal S. and Keller, Adrian Clemens and De Feyter, Steven}},
  issn         = {{1433-7851}},
  journal      = {{Angewandte Chemie International Edition}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Breaking of the Up‐Down Symmetry of DNA Origami on a Solid Substrate}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/anie.202507613}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{51121,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>DNA origami nanostructures are a powerful tool in biomedicine and can be used to combat drug‐resistant bacterial infections. However, the effect of unmodified DNA origami nanostructures on bacteria is yet to be elucidated. With the aim to obtain a better understanding of this phenomenon, the effect of three DNA origami shapes, i.e., DNA origami triangles, six‐helix bundles (6HBs), and 24‐helix bundles (24HBs), on the growth of Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Bacillus subtilis is investigated. These results reveal that while triangles and 24HBs can be used as a source of nutrients by E. coli and thereby promote population growth, their effect is much smaller than that of genomic single‐ and double‐stranded DNA. However, no effect on E. coli population growth is observed for the 6HBs. On the other hand, B. subtilis does not show any significant changes in population growth when cultured with the different DNA origami shapes or genomic DNA. The detailed effect of DNA origami nanostructures on bacterial growth thus depends on the competence signals and uptake mechanism of each bacterial species, as well as the DNA origami shape. This should be considered in the development of antimicrobial DNA origami nanostructures.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Garcia-Diosa, Jaime Andres and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{1439-4227}},
  journal      = {{ChemBioChem}},
  keywords     = {{Organic Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Effect of DNA Origami Nanostructures on Bacterial Growth}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/cbic.202400091}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{53621,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The coupling of structural transitions to heat capacity changes leads to destabilization of macromolecules at both, elevated and lowered temperatures. DNA origami not only exhibit this property but also provide...</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Dornbusch, Daniel and Hanke, Marcel and Tomm, Emilia and Kielar, Charlotte and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian and Fahmy, Karim}},
  issn         = {{1359-7345}},
  journal      = {{Chemical Communications}},
  keywords     = {{Materials Chemistry, Metals and Alloys, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, General Chemistry, Ceramics and Composites, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Catalysis}},
  publisher    = {{Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}},
  title        = {{{Cold denaturation of DNA origami nanostructures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1039/d3cc05985e}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{54644,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>DNA origami nanostructures (DONs) are able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their scavenging efficiency toward ROS radicals was shown to be comparable to that of genomic DNA. Herein, we demonstrate that DONs are highly efficient singlet oxygen quenchers outperforming double‐stranded (ds) DNA by several orders of magnitude. To this end, a ROS mixture rich in singlet oxygen is generated by light irradiation of the photosensitizer methylene blue and its cytotoxic effect on Escherichia coli cells is quantified in the presence and absence of DONs. DONs are found to be vastly superior to dsDNA in protecting the bacteria from ROS‐induced damage and even surpass established ROS scavengers. At a concentration of 15 nM, DONs are about 50 000 times more efficient ROS scavengers than dsDNA at an equivalent concentration. This is attributed to the dominant role of singlet oxygen, which has a long diffusion length and reacts specifically with guanine. The dense packing of the available guanines into the small volume of the DON increases the overall quenching probability compared to a linear dsDNA with the same number of base pairs. DONs thus have great potential to alleviate oxidative stress caused by singlet oxygen in diverse therapeutic settings.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Garcia-Diosa, Jaime Andres and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{0947-6539}},
  journal      = {{Chemistry – A European Journal}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Highly Efficient Quenching of Singlet Oxygen by DNA Origami Nanostructures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/chem.202402057}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{55310,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>DNA origami nanostructures are promising carries for drug delivery applications. However, their limited stability under relevant conditions often presents a challenge. Herein, the structural stability of DNA origami nanostructures is investigated in a setting compatible with their application in photodynamic therapy (PDT). To this end, DNA origami triangles and six‐helix bundles (6HBs) are loaded with the clinically tested photosensitizer methylene blue, which upon irradiation with red light generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that attack the DNA origami nanostructures. ROS‐induced structural damage is observed to depend on the ionic composition of the surrounding medium and becomes more severe at low ionic strength. Mg<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup> ions can efficiently protect the DNA origami nanostructures from ROS‐induced damage and may even heal some of the damage obtained under Mg<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>‐free conditions when added after irradiation. Finally, the employed DNA origami 6HBs are more resistant toward ROS‐induced structural damage than the triangles, which is attributed to their markedly different mechanical properties. These results thus provide some fundamental insights into the stabilizing role of DNA origami superstructure that may guide the selection or design of DNA origami nanocarriers with optimized stability for their application in PDT.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Rabbe, Lukas and Garcia‐Diosa, Jaime Andres and Grundmeier, Guido and Keller, Adrian}},
  issn         = {{2688-4062}},
  journal      = {{Small Structures}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Ion‐Dependent Stability of DNA Origami Nanostructures in the Presence of Photo‐Generated Reactive Oxygen Species}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/sstr.202400094}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{58611,
  abstract     = {{AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiOx films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode}},
  author       = {{Müller, Hendrik and Stadler, Hartmut and de los Arcos de Pedro, Maria Teresa and Keller, Adrian and Grundmeier, Guido}},
  issn         = {{2190-4286}},
  journal      = {{Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{603–611}},
  title        = {{{AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiO x films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode}}},
  doi          = {{10.3762/bjnano.15.51}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}