This chapter examines the fundamental neurophysiological principles involved in determining electroencephalographic (EEG) artifact and provides general instructions for minimizing the risk of error during clinical interpretation. Examples from EEG recordings are given to illustrate common artifacts that may be challenging to the reader because they mimic epileptiform pattern associated to people with epilepsy. Emerging techniques used to detect and reduce artifact without altering the electrocerebral signal are being developed to limit the contamination. While many artifacts are easy to recognize, more complex waveforms may confuse even the most experienced reader. Constant vigilance and a team effort to minimize artifact will help to ensure a proper interpretation of the EEG for optimal patient care.
"}],"editor":[{"first_name":"Donald L.","last_name":"Schomer","full_name":"Schomer, Donald L."},{"full_name":"Lopes da Silva, Fernando H.","last_name":"Lopes da Silva","first_name":"Fernando H."}],"department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"user_id":"33213","_id":"36394","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","citation":{"mla":"Reinsberger, Claus, et al. “Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation.” Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – Basic Principles, Cinical Applications and Related Fields, edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva, Oxford University Press, 2018, doi:10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011.","bibtex":"@inbook{Reinsberger_Tatum_Dworetzky_2018, title={Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation}, DOI={10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011}, booktitle={Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – basic principles, cinical applications and related fields}, publisher={Oxford University Press}, author={Reinsberger, Claus and Tatum, William O. and Dworetzky, Barbara A.}, editor={Schomer, Donald L. and Lopes da Silva, Fernando H.}, year={2018} }","short":"C. Reinsberger, W.O. Tatum, B.A. Dworetzky, in: D.L. Schomer, F.H. Lopes da Silva (Eds.), Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – Basic Principles, Cinical Applications and Related Fields, Oxford University Press, 2018.","apa":"Reinsberger, C., Tatum, W. O., & Dworetzky, B. A. (2018). Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation. In D. L. Schomer & F. H. Lopes da Silva (Eds.), Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – basic principles, cinical applications and related fields. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011","chicago":"Reinsberger, Claus, William O. Tatum, and Barbara A. Dworetzky. “Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation.” In Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – Basic Principles, Cinical Applications and Related Fields, edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011.","ieee":"C. Reinsberger, W. O. Tatum, and B. A. Dworetzky, “Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation,” in Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – basic principles, cinical applications and related fields, D. L. Schomer and F. H. Lopes da Silva, Eds. Oxford University Press, 2018.","ama":"Reinsberger C, Tatum WO, Dworetzky BA. Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation. In: Schomer DL, Lopes da Silva FH, eds. Niedermeyer’s Electroencephalography – Basic Principles, Cinical Applications and Related Fields. Oxford University Press; 2018. doi:10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011"},"year":"2018","date_created":"2023-01-12T10:44:54Z","author":[{"first_name":"Claus","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","id":"48978","last_name":"Reinsberger"},{"last_name":"Tatum","full_name":"Tatum, William O.","first_name":"William O."},{"full_name":"Dworetzky, Barbara A.","last_name":"Dworetzky","first_name":"Barbara A."}],"date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:41:49Z","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0011","title":"Artifacts of Recording and Common Errors in Interpretation"},{"page":"299-302","intvolume":" 2018","citation":{"apa":"Palepu, A., Premanathan, S., Azhar, F., Vendrame, M., Loddenkemper, T., Reinsberger, C., Kreiman, G., Parkerson, K., Sarma, S., & Anderson, W. (2018). Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2018, 299–302.","mla":"Palepu, A., et al. “Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule.” Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, vol. 2018, 2018, pp. 299–302.","bibtex":"@article{Palepu_Premanathan_Azhar_Vendrame_Loddenkemper_Reinsberger_Kreiman_Parkerson_Sarma_Anderson_2018, title={Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule.}, volume={2018}, journal={Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc}, author={Palepu, A and Premanathan, S and Azhar, F and Vendrame, M and Loddenkemper, T and Reinsberger, Claus and Kreiman, G and Parkerson, KA and Sarma, S and Anderson, WS}, year={2018}, pages={299–302} }","short":"A. Palepu, S. Premanathan, F. Azhar, M. Vendrame, T. Loddenkemper, C. Reinsberger, G. Kreiman, K. Parkerson, S. Sarma, W. Anderson, Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018 (2018) 299–302.","ama":"Palepu A, Premanathan S, Azhar F, et al. Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2018;2018:299-302.","chicago":"Palepu, A, S Premanathan, F Azhar, M Vendrame, T Loddenkemper, Claus Reinsberger, G Kreiman, KA Parkerson, S Sarma, and WS Anderson. “Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule.” Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2018 (2018): 299–302.","ieee":"A. Palepu et al., “Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule.,” Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, vol. 2018, pp. 299–302, 2018."},"year":"2018","pmid":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2375-7477","2694-0604"]},"title":"Automating Interictal Spike Detection: Revisiting A Simple Threshold Rule.","volume":2018,"date_created":"2022-06-07T09:08:57Z","author":[{"last_name":"Palepu","full_name":"Palepu, A","first_name":"A"},{"last_name":"Premanathan","full_name":"Premanathan, S","first_name":"S"},{"full_name":"Azhar, F","last_name":"Azhar","first_name":"F"},{"last_name":"Vendrame","full_name":"Vendrame, M","first_name":"M"},{"last_name":"Loddenkemper","full_name":"Loddenkemper, T","first_name":"T"},{"first_name":"Claus","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","id":"48978","last_name":"Reinsberger"},{"last_name":"Kreiman","full_name":"Kreiman, G","first_name":"G"},{"full_name":"Parkerson, KA","last_name":"Parkerson","first_name":"KA"},{"first_name":"S","last_name":"Sarma","full_name":"Sarma, S"},{"full_name":"Anderson, WS","last_name":"Anderson","first_name":"WS"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:45:25Z","status":"public","publication":"Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"user_id":"33213","external_id":{"pmid":["30440397"]},"_id":"31705"},{"title":"VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol?","volume":39,"author":[{"full_name":"Scheer, V","last_name":"Scheer","first_name":"V"},{"full_name":"Ramme, K","last_name":"Ramme","first_name":"K"},{"first_name":"Claus","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","id":"48978","last_name":"Reinsberger"},{"first_name":"HC","last_name":"Heitkamp","full_name":"Heitkamp, HC"}],"date_created":"2022-06-07T09:15:47Z","date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:46:48Z","intvolume":" 39","page":"456-461","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Scheer_Ramme_Reinsberger_Heitkamp_2018, title={VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol?}, volume={39}, number={6}, journal={Int J Sports Med}, author={Scheer, V and Ramme, K and Reinsberger, Claus and Heitkamp, HC}, year={2018}, pages={456–461} }","short":"V. Scheer, K. Ramme, C. Reinsberger, H. Heitkamp, Int J Sports Med 39 (2018) 456–461.","mla":"Scheer, V., et al. “VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol?” Int J Sports Med, vol. 39, no. 6, 2018, pp. 456–61.","apa":"Scheer, V., Ramme, K., Reinsberger, C., & Heitkamp, H. (2018). VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol? Int J Sports Med, 39(6), 456–461.","chicago":"Scheer, V, K Ramme, Claus Reinsberger, and HC Heitkamp. “VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol?” Int J Sports Med 39, no. 6 (2018): 456–61.","ieee":"V. Scheer, K. Ramme, C. Reinsberger, and H. Heitkamp, “VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol?,” Int J Sports Med, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 456–461, 2018.","ama":"Scheer V, Ramme K, Reinsberger C, Heitkamp H. VO2max Testing in Trail Runners: Is There a Specific Exercise Test Protocol? Int J Sports Med. 2018;39(6):456-461."},"year":"2018","issue":"6","pmid":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0172-4622","1439-3964"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"user_id":"33213","_id":"31715","external_id":{"pmid":["29665614"]},"status":"public","publication":"Int J Sports Med","type":"journal_article"},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Front Physiol","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["30519188"]},"_id":"31728","user_id":"33213","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"year":"2018","citation":{"mla":"Gölz, C., et al. “Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics.” Front Physiol, vol. 9, 2018, p. 1540.","short":"C. Gölz, C. Voelcker-Rehage, K. Mora, E. Reuter, B. Godde, M. Dellnitz, C. Reinsberger, S. Vieluf, Front Physiol 9 (2018) 1540.","bibtex":"@article{Gölz_Voelcker-Rehage_Mora_Reuter_Godde_Dellnitz_Reinsberger_Vieluf_2018, title={Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics.}, volume={9}, journal={Front Physiol}, author={Gölz, C and Voelcker-Rehage, C and Mora, K and Reuter, EM and Godde, B and Dellnitz, M and Reinsberger, Claus and Vieluf, S}, year={2018}, pages={1540} }","apa":"Gölz, C., Voelcker-Rehage, C., Mora, K., Reuter, E., Godde, B., Dellnitz, M., Reinsberger, C., & Vieluf, S. (2018). Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics. Front Physiol, 9, 1540.","ieee":"C. Gölz et al., “Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics.,” Front Physiol, vol. 9, p. 1540, 2018.","chicago":"Gölz, C, C Voelcker-Rehage, K Mora, EM Reuter, B Godde, M Dellnitz, Claus Reinsberger, and S Vieluf. “Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics.” Front Physiol 9 (2018): 1540.","ama":"Gölz C, Voelcker-Rehage C, Mora K, et al. Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics. Front Physiol. 2018;9:1540."},"page":"1540","intvolume":" 9","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1664-042x"]},"pmid":"1","title":"Improved Neural Control of Movements Manifests in Expertise-Related Differences in Force Output and Brain Network Dynamics.","date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:49:10Z","author":[{"last_name":"Gölz","full_name":"Gölz, C","first_name":"C"},{"first_name":"C","last_name":"Voelcker-Rehage","full_name":"Voelcker-Rehage, C"},{"first_name":"K","last_name":"Mora","full_name":"Mora, K"},{"first_name":"EM","full_name":"Reuter, EM","last_name":"Reuter"},{"full_name":"Godde, B","last_name":"Godde","first_name":"B"},{"first_name":"M","full_name":"Dellnitz, M","last_name":"Dellnitz"},{"last_name":"Reinsberger","id":"48978","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","first_name":"Claus"},{"first_name":"S","last_name":"Vieluf","full_name":"Vieluf, S"}],"date_created":"2022-06-07T09:23:45Z","volume":9},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Tourism","Leisure and Hospitality Management","Physical Therapy","Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation","Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"],"publication":"Science and Medicine in Football","date_created":"2023-01-12T10:35:10Z","publisher":"Informa UK Limited","title":"Do head injuries and headers in football lead to future brain damage? A discussion lacking appropriate scientific diligence","issue":"1","year":"2018","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"user_id":"33213","_id":"36382","type":"journal_article","status":"public","volume":2,"author":[{"full_name":"Meyer, Tim","last_name":"Meyer","first_name":"Tim"},{"first_name":"Claus","id":"48978","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","last_name":"Reinsberger"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-06T14:00:26Z","doi":"10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2473-3938","2473-4446"]},"publication_status":"published","page":"1-2","intvolume":" 2","citation":{"ama":"Meyer T, Reinsberger C. Do head injuries and headers in football lead to future brain damage? A discussion lacking appropriate scientific diligence. Science and Medicine in Football. 2018;2(1):1-2. doi:10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950","chicago":"Meyer, Tim, and Claus Reinsberger. “Do Head Injuries and Headers in Football Lead to Future Brain Damage? A Discussion Lacking Appropriate Scientific Diligence.” Science and Medicine in Football 2, no. 1 (2018): 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950.","ieee":"T. Meyer and C. Reinsberger, “Do head injuries and headers in football lead to future brain damage? A discussion lacking appropriate scientific diligence,” Science and Medicine in Football, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–2, 2018, doi: 10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950.","short":"T. Meyer, C. Reinsberger, Science and Medicine in Football 2 (2018) 1–2.","mla":"Meyer, Tim, and Claus Reinsberger. “Do Head Injuries and Headers in Football Lead to Future Brain Damage? A Discussion Lacking Appropriate Scientific Diligence.” Science and Medicine in Football, vol. 2, no. 1, Informa UK Limited, 2018, pp. 1–2, doi:10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950.","bibtex":"@article{Meyer_Reinsberger_2018, title={Do head injuries and headers in football lead to future brain damage? A discussion lacking appropriate scientific diligence}, volume={2}, DOI={10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950}, number={1}, journal={Science and Medicine in Football}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Meyer, Tim and Reinsberger, Claus}, year={2018}, pages={1–2} }","apa":"Meyer, T., & Reinsberger, C. (2018). Do head injuries and headers in football lead to future brain damage? A discussion lacking appropriate scientific diligence. Science and Medicine in Football, 2(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2017.1416950"}},{"date_created":"2023-01-23T12:31:54Z","author":[{"full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","id":"48978","last_name":"Reinsberger","first_name":"Claus"}],"date_updated":"2023-02-06T14:01:24Z","title":"Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783110372342"]},"citation":{"ama":"Reinsberger C. Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion. In: Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma. ; 2018.","ieee":"C. Reinsberger, “Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion,” in Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma, 2018.","chicago":"Reinsberger, Claus. “Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion.” In Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma, 2018.","apa":"Reinsberger, C. (2018). Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion. In Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma.","mla":"Reinsberger, Claus. “Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion.” Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma, 2018.","short":"C. Reinsberger, in: Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma, 2018.","bibtex":"@inbook{Reinsberger_2018, title={Gehirnerschütterung / Concussion}, booktitle={Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma}, author={Reinsberger, Claus}, year={2018} }"},"year":"2018","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"user_id":"33213","_id":"38110","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Handbuch Schädelhirntrauma","type":"book_chapter","status":"public"},{"type":"journal_article","publication":"Epilepsia","status":"public","_id":"31713","external_id":{"pmid":["28980315"]},"user_id":"33213","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"pmid":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0013-9580","1528-1167"]},"issue":"11","year":"2017","citation":{"apa":"Onorati, F., Regalia, G., Caborni, C., Migliorini, M., Bender, D., Poh, M., Frazier, C., Kovitch Thropp, E., Mynatt, E., Bidwell, J., Mai, R., LaFrance, W., Blum, A., Friedman, D., Loddenkemper, T., Mohammadpour-Touserkani, F., Reinsberger, C., Tognetti, S., & Picard, R. (2017). Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors. Epilepsia, 58(11), 1870–1879.","short":"F. Onorati, G. Regalia, C. Caborni, M. Migliorini, D. Bender, M. Poh, C. Frazier, E. Kovitch Thropp, E. Mynatt, J. Bidwell, R. Mai, W. LaFrance, A. Blum, D. Friedman, T. Loddenkemper, F. Mohammadpour-Touserkani, C. Reinsberger, S. Tognetti, R. Picard, Epilepsia 58 (2017) 1870–1879.","mla":"Onorati, F., et al. “Multicenter Clinical Assessment of Improved Wearable Multimodal Convulsive Seizure Detectors.” Epilepsia, vol. 58, no. 11, 2017, pp. 1870–79.","bibtex":"@article{Onorati_Regalia_Caborni_Migliorini_Bender_Poh_Frazier_Kovitch Thropp_Mynatt_Bidwell_et al._2017, title={Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors.}, volume={58}, number={11}, journal={Epilepsia}, author={Onorati, F and Regalia, G and Caborni, C and Migliorini, M and Bender, D and Poh, MZ and Frazier, C and Kovitch Thropp, E and Mynatt, ED and Bidwell, J and et al.}, year={2017}, pages={1870–1879} }","chicago":"Onorati, F, G Regalia, C Caborni, M Migliorini, D Bender, MZ Poh, C Frazier, et al. “Multicenter Clinical Assessment of Improved Wearable Multimodal Convulsive Seizure Detectors.” Epilepsia 58, no. 11 (2017): 1870–79.","ieee":"F. Onorati et al., “Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors.,” Epilepsia, vol. 58, no. 11, pp. 1870–1879, 2017.","ama":"Onorati F, Regalia G, Caborni C, et al. Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors. Epilepsia. 2017;58(11):1870-1879."},"intvolume":" 58","page":"1870-1879","date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:46:22Z","author":[{"first_name":"F","last_name":"Onorati","full_name":"Onorati, F"},{"first_name":"G","last_name":"Regalia","full_name":"Regalia, G"},{"last_name":"Caborni","full_name":"Caborni, C","first_name":"C"},{"full_name":"Migliorini, M","last_name":"Migliorini","first_name":"M"},{"first_name":"D","last_name":"Bender","full_name":"Bender, D"},{"first_name":"MZ","last_name":"Poh","full_name":"Poh, MZ"},{"last_name":"Frazier","full_name":"Frazier, C","first_name":"C"},{"first_name":"E","last_name":"Kovitch Thropp","full_name":"Kovitch Thropp, E"},{"full_name":"Mynatt, ED","last_name":"Mynatt","first_name":"ED"},{"last_name":"Bidwell","full_name":"Bidwell, J","first_name":"J"},{"last_name":"Mai","full_name":"Mai, R","first_name":"R"},{"last_name":"LaFrance","full_name":"LaFrance, WC","first_name":"WC"},{"last_name":"Blum","full_name":"Blum, AS","first_name":"AS"},{"full_name":"Friedman, D","last_name":"Friedman","first_name":"D"},{"first_name":"T","full_name":"Loddenkemper, T","last_name":"Loddenkemper"},{"first_name":"F","full_name":"Mohammadpour-Touserkani, F","last_name":"Mohammadpour-Touserkani"},{"first_name":"Claus","last_name":"Reinsberger","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus","id":"48978"},{"last_name":"Tognetti","full_name":"Tognetti, S","first_name":"S"},{"last_name":"Picard","full_name":"Picard, RW","first_name":"RW"}],"date_created":"2022-06-07T09:14:23Z","volume":58,"title":"Multicenter clinical assessment of improved wearable multimodal convulsive seizure detectors."},{"user_id":"33213","department":[{"_id":"35"},{"_id":"176"},{"_id":"17"}],"_id":"36354","status":"public","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.5960/dzsm.2017.300","author":[{"last_name":"Ströhlein","full_name":"Ströhlein, JK","first_name":"JK"},{"last_name":"van den Bongard","full_name":"van den Bongard, F","first_name":"F"},{"first_name":"T","last_name":"Barthel","full_name":"Barthel, T"},{"first_name":"Claus","last_name":"Reinsberger","id":"48978","full_name":"Reinsberger, Claus"}],"volume":2017,"date_updated":"2023-02-06T13:58:08Z","citation":{"ieee":"J. Ströhlein, F. van den Bongard, T. Barthel, and C. Reinsberger, “Dose-response-relationship between physical activity and cognition in elderly,” Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin, vol. 2017, no. 10, pp. 234–242, 2017, doi: 10.5960/dzsm.2017.300.","chicago":"Ströhlein, JK, F van den Bongard, T Barthel, and Claus Reinsberger. “Dose-Response-Relationship between Physical Activity and Cognition in Elderly.” Deutsche Zeitschrift Für Sportmedizin 2017, no. 10 (2017): 234–42. https://doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2017.300.","ama":"Ströhlein J, van den Bongard F, Barthel T, Reinsberger C. Dose-response-relationship between physical activity and cognition in elderly. 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Reinsberger, Deutsche Zeitschrift Für Sportmedizin 2017 (2017) 234–242.","bibtex":"@article{Ströhlein_van den Bongard_Barthel_Reinsberger_2017, title={Dose-response-relationship between physical activity and cognition in elderly}, volume={2017}, DOI={10.5960/dzsm.2017.300}, number={10}, journal={Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin}, publisher={Deutsche Zeitschrift Fur Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine}, author={Ströhlein, JK and van den Bongard, F and Barthel, T and Reinsberger, Claus}, year={2017}, pages={234–242} }","apa":"Ströhlein, J., van den Bongard, F., Barthel, T., & Reinsberger, C. (2017). Dose-response-relationship between physical activity and cognition in elderly. 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