---
_id: '62908'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Sabine
  full_name: Fechner, Sabine
  id: '54823'
  last_name: Fechner
  orcid: 0000-0001-5645-5870
- first_name: Bardo
  full_name: Herzig, Bardo
  id: '217'
  last_name: Herzig
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Jenert, Tobias
  id: '71994'
  last_name: Jenert
  orcid: ' https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-5646'
- first_name: H. - Hugo
  full_name: Kremer, H. - Hugo
  last_name: Kremer
- first_name: Katharina Justine
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina Justine
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Vogelsang, Christoph
  id: '4245'
  last_name: Vogelsang
  orcid: 0000-0002-5804-1855
citation:
  ama: Buhl HM, Fechner S, Herzig B, et al. <i>Leitbild Des Profibereichs Transformation
    Und Bildung</i>.; 2024.
  apa: Buhl, H. M., Fechner, S., Herzig, B., Jenert, T., Kremer, H.-H., Rohlfing,
    K. J., &#38; Vogelsang, C. (2024). <i>Leitbild des Profibereichs Transformation
    und Bildung</i>.
  bibtex: '@book{Buhl_Fechner_Herzig_Jenert_Kremer_Rohlfing_Vogelsang_2024, title={Leitbild
    des Profibereichs Transformation und Bildung}, author={Buhl, Heike M. and Fechner,
    Sabine and Herzig, Bardo and Jenert, Tobias and Kremer, H. - Hugo and Rohlfing,
    Katharina Justine and Vogelsang, Christoph}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Sabine Fechner, Bardo Herzig, Tobias Jenert, H. - Hugo
    Kremer, Katharina Justine Rohlfing, and Christoph Vogelsang. <i>Leitbild Des Profibereichs
    Transformation Und Bildung</i>, 2024.
  ieee: H. M. Buhl <i>et al.</i>, <i>Leitbild des Profibereichs Transformation und
    Bildung</i>. 2024.
  mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. <i>Leitbild Des Profibereichs Transformation Und Bildung</i>.
    2024.
  short: H.M. Buhl, S. Fechner, B. Herzig, T. Jenert, H.-H. Kremer, K.J. Rohlfing,
    C. Vogelsang, Leitbild Des Profibereichs Transformation Und Bildung, 2024.
date_created: 2025-12-04T19:16:49Z
date_updated: 2025-12-13T23:37:21Z
ddc:
- '370'
department:
- _id: '33'
- _id: '640'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: fechner
  date_created: 2025-12-04T19:09:50Z
  date_updated: 2025-12-04T19:09:50Z
  file_id: '62909'
  file_name: 202405_Leitbild des Profilbereichs Transformation und Bildung.pdf
  file_size: 154137
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-12-04T19:09:50Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
status: public
title: Leitbild des Profibereichs Transformation und Bildung
type: working_paper
user_id: '54823'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '48543'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Explanation has been identified as an important capability for AI-based systems,
    but research on systematic strategies for achieving understanding in interaction
    with such systems is still sparse. Negation is a linguistic strategy that is often
    used in explanations. It creates a contrast space between the affirmed and the
    negated item that enriches explaining processes with additional contextual information.
    While negation in human speech has been shown to lead to higher processing costs
    and worse task performance in terms of recall or action execution when used in
    isolation, it can decrease processing costs when used in context. So far, it has
    not been considered as a guiding strategy for explanations in human-robot interaction.
    We conducted an empirical study to investigate the use of negation as a guiding
    strategy in explanatory human-robot dialogue, in which a virtual robot explains
    tasks and possible actions to a human explainee to solve them in terms of gestures
    on a touchscreen. Our results show that negation vs. affirmation 1) increases
    processing costs measured as reaction time and 2) increases several aspects of
    task performance. While there was no significant effect of negation on the number
    of initially correctly executed gestures, we found a significantly lower number
    of attempts—measured as breaks in the finger movement data before the correct
    gesture was carried out—when being instructed through a negation. We further found
    that the gestures significantly resembled the presented prototype gesture more
    following an instruction with a negation as opposed to an affirmation. Also, the
    participants rated the benefit of contrastive vs. affirmative explanations significantly
    higher. Repeating the instructions decreased the effects of negation, yielding
    similar processing costs and task performance measures for negation and affirmation
    after several iterations. We discuss our results with respect to possible effects
    of negation on linguistic processing of explanations and limitations of our study.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Groß, A.
  last_name: Groß
- first_name: Amit
  full_name: Singh, Amit
  id: '91018'
  last_name: Singh
  orcid: 0000-0002-7789-1521
- first_name: Ngoc Chi
  full_name: Banh, Ngoc Chi
  id: '38219'
  last_name: Banh
  orcid: 0000-0002-5946-4542
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Richter, B.
  last_name: Richter
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Wrede, B.
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: Groß A, Singh A, Banh NC, et al. Scaffolding the human partner by contrastive
    guidance in an explanatory human-robot dialogue. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and
    AI</i>. 2023;10. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>
  apa: Groß, A., Singh, A., Banh, N. C., Richter, B., Scharlau, I., Rohlfing, K. J.,
    &#38; Wrede, B. (2023). Scaffolding the human partner by contrastive guidance
    in an explanatory human-robot dialogue. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, <i>10</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Groß_Singh_Banh_Richter_Scharlau_Rohlfing_Wrede_2023, title={Scaffolding
    the human partner by contrastive guidance in an explanatory human-robot dialogue},
    volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, author={Groß, A. and Singh, Amit and Banh,
    Ngoc Chi and Richter, B. and Scharlau, Ingrid and Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Wrede,
    B.}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Groß, A., Amit Singh, Ngoc Chi Banh, B. Richter, Ingrid Scharlau, Katharina
    J. Rohlfing, and B. Wrede. “Scaffolding the Human Partner by Contrastive Guidance
    in an Explanatory Human-Robot Dialogue.” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i> 10
    (2023). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>.
  ieee: 'A. Groß <i>et al.</i>, “Scaffolding the human partner by contrastive guidance
    in an explanatory human-robot dialogue,” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>,
    vol. 10, 2023, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>.'
  mla: Groß, A., et al. “Scaffolding the Human Partner by Contrastive Guidance in
    an Explanatory Human-Robot Dialogue.” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, vol.
    10, 2023, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184">10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184</a>.
  short: A. Groß, A. Singh, N.C. Banh, B. Richter, I. Scharlau, K.J. Rohlfing, B.
    Wrede, Frontiers in Robotics and AI 10 (2023).
date_created: 2023-10-30T09:29:16Z
date_updated: 2024-06-26T08:01:50Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184
funded_apc: '1'
intvolume: '        10'
keyword:
- HRI
- XAI
- negation
- understanding
- explaining
- touch interaction
- gesture
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frobt.2023.1236184/full
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '115'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
publication: Frontiers in Robotics and AI
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Scaffolding the human partner by contrastive guidance in an explanatory human-robot
  dialogue
type: journal_article
user_id: '38219'
volume: 10
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '46067'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<p>The study investigates two different ways of guiding the addressee of
    an explanation - an explainee, through action demonstration: contrastive and non-contrastive.
    Their effect was tested on attention to specific action elements (goal) as well
    as on event memory. In an eye-tracking experiment, participants were shown different
    motion videos that were either contrastive or non-contrastive with respect to
    the segments of movement presentation. Given that everyday action demonstration
    is often multimodal, the stimuli were created with re- spect to their visual and
    verbal presentation. For visual presentation, a video combined two movements in
    a contrastive (e.g., Up-motion following a Down-motion) or non-contrastive way
    (e.g., two Up-motions following each other). For verbal presentation, each video
    was combined with a sequence of instruction descriptions in the form of negative
    (i.e., contrastive) or assertive (i.e., non-contrastive) guidance. It was found
    that a) attention to the event goal increased for this condition in the later
    time window, and b) participants’ recall of the event was facilitated when a visually
    contrastive motion was combined with a verbal contrast.</p>'
author:
- first_name: Amit
  full_name: Singh, Amit
  id: '91018'
  last_name: Singh
  orcid: 0000-0002-7789-1521
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: 'Singh A, Rohlfing KJ. Contrastiveness in the context of action demonstration:
    an eye-tracking study on its effects on action perception and action recall. In:
    <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society 45 (45)</i>.
    Cognitive Science Society; 2023.'
  apa: 'Singh, A., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2023). Contrastiveness in the context of
    action demonstration: an eye-tracking study on its effects on action perception
    and action recall. <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science
    Society 45 (45)</i>. 45th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society,
    Sydney.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Singh_Rohlfing_2023, place={Sydney, Australia}, title={Contrastiveness
    in the context of action demonstration: an eye-tracking study on its effects on
    action perception and action recall}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Annual Meeting
    of the Cognitive Science Society 45 (45)}, publisher={Cognitive Science Society},
    author={Singh, Amit and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: 'Singh, Amit, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Contrastiveness in the Context
    of Action Demonstration: An Eye-Tracking Study on Its Effects on Action Perception
    and Action Recall.” In <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science
    Society 45 (45)</i>. Sydney, Australia: Cognitive Science Society, 2023.'
  ieee: 'A. Singh and K. J. Rohlfing, “Contrastiveness in the context of action demonstration:
    an eye-tracking study on its effects on action perception and action recall,”
    presented at the 45th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Sydney,
    2023.'
  mla: 'Singh, Amit, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Contrastiveness in the Context of
    Action Demonstration: An Eye-Tracking Study on Its Effects on Action Perception
    and Action Recall.” <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science
    Society 45 (45)</i>, Cognitive Science Society, 2023.'
  short: 'A. Singh, K.J. Rohlfing, in: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive
    Science Society 45 (45), Cognitive Science Society, Sydney, Australia, 2023.'
conference:
  location: Sydney
  name: 45th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
date_created: 2023-07-15T12:16:42Z
date_updated: 2023-09-27T13:51:42Z
department:
- _id: '749'
- _id: '660'
keyword:
- Attention
- negation
- contrastive  guidance
- eye-movements
- action understanding
- event representation
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2w94t4cv
oa: '1'
place: Sydney, Australia
popular_science: '1'
project:
- _id: '115'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
publication: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society 45
  (45)
publication_status: published
publisher: Cognitive Science Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '46067'
    relation: contains
    status: public
status: public
title: 'Contrastiveness in the context of action demonstration: an eye-tracking study
  on its effects on action perception and action recall'
type: conference
user_id: '91018'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '55156'
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
- first_name: Amelie
  full_name: Robrecht, Amelie
  id: '91982'
  last_name: Robrecht
  orcid: 0000-0001-5622-8248
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: 'Fisher JB, Robrecht A, Kopp S, Rohlfing KJ. Exploring the Semantic Dialogue
    Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>. ; 2023.'
  apa: Fisher, J. B., Robrecht, A., Kopp, S., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2023). Exploring
    the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations.
    <i>Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue
    </i>. Semdial, Maribor.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Fisher_Robrecht_Kopp_Rohlfing_2023, title={Exploring the
    Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of
    Dialogue }, author={Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Robrecht, Amelie and Kopp, Stefan
    and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2023} }'
  chicago: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, Amelie Robrecht, Stefan Kopp, and Katharina J.
    Rohlfing. “Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study
    of Game Explanations.” In <i>Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics
    and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>, 2023.
  ieee: J. B. Fisher, A. Robrecht, S. Kopp, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Exploring the Semantic
    Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations,” presented
    at the Semdial, Maribor, 2023.
  mla: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, et al. “Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of
    Explanations – a Case Study of Game Explanations.” <i>Proceedings of the 27th
    Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue </i>, 2023.
  short: 'J.B. Fisher, A. Robrecht, S. Kopp, K.J. Rohlfing, in: Proceedings of the
    27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue , 2023.'
conference:
  location: Maribor
  name: Semdial
date_created: 2024-07-10T11:07:51Z
date_updated: 2025-01-15T13:57:35Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '111'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
publication: 'Proceedings of the 27th Workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of
  Dialogue '
status: public
title: Exploring the Semantic Dialogue Patterns of Explanations – a Case Study of
  Game Explanations
type: conference
user_id: '55908'
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '51344'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Modified action demonstration—dubbed <jats:italic>motionese—</jats:italic>has
    been proposed as a way to help children recognize the structure and meaning of
    actions. However, until now, it has been investigated only in young infants. This
    brief research report presents findings from a cross-sectional study of parental
    action demonstrations to three groups of 8–11, 12–23, and 24–30-month-old children
    that applied seven motionese parameters; a second study investigated the youngest
    group of participants longitudinally to corroborate the cross-sectional results.
    Results of both studies suggested that four motionese parameters (Motion Pauses,
    Pace, Velocity, Acceleration) seem to structure the action by organizing it in
    motion pauses. Whereas these parameters persist over different ages, three other
    parameters (Demonstration Length, Roundness, and Range) occur predominantly in
    the younger group and seem to serve to organize infants' attention on the basis
    of movement. Results are discussed in terms of facilitative vs. pedagogical learning.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Jannik
  full_name: Fritsch, Jannik
  last_name: Fritsch
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: Rohlfing K, Vollmer A-L, Fritsch J, Wrede B. Which “motionese” parameters change
    with children’s age? Disentangling attention-getting from action-structuring modifications.
    <i>Frontiers in Communication</i>. 2022;7. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>
  apa: Rohlfing, K., Vollmer, A.-L., Fritsch, J., &#38; Wrede, B. (2022). Which “motionese”
    parameters change with children’s age? Disentangling attention-getting from action-structuring
    modifications. <i>Frontiers in Communication</i>, <i>7</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Rohlfing_Vollmer_Fritsch_Wrede_2022, title={Which “motionese”
    parameters change with children’s age? Disentangling attention-getting from action-structuring
    modifications}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Communication}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Rohlfing,
    Katharina and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Fritsch, Jannik and Wrede, Britta}, year={2022}
    }'
  chicago: Rohlfing, Katharina, Anna-Lisa Vollmer, Jannik Fritsch, and Britta Wrede.
    “Which ‘Motionese’ Parameters Change with Children’s Age? Disentangling Attention-Getting
    from Action-Structuring Modifications.” <i>Frontiers in Communication</i> 7 (2022).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>.
  ieee: 'K. Rohlfing, A.-L. Vollmer, J. Fritsch, and B. Wrede, “Which ‘motionese’
    parameters change with children’s age? Disentangling attention-getting from action-structuring
    modifications,” <i>Frontiers in Communication</i>, vol. 7, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>.'
  mla: Rohlfing, Katharina, et al. “Which ‘Motionese’ Parameters Change with Children’s
    Age? Disentangling Attention-Getting from Action-Structuring Modifications.” <i>Frontiers
    in Communication</i>, vol. 7, Frontiers Media SA, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405">10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405</a>.
  short: K. Rohlfing, A.-L. Vollmer, J. Fritsch, B. Wrede, Frontiers in Communication
    7 (2022).
date_created: 2024-02-14T09:07:53Z
date_updated: 2024-02-26T08:53:33Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2022.922405
intvolume: '         7'
keyword:
- Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
- Communication
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '111'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
- _id: '113'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A3: TRR 318 - Subproject A3'
- _id: '115'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
publication: Frontiers in Communication
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2297-900X
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: Which “motionese” parameters change with children's age? Disentangling attention-getting
  from action-structuring modifications
type: journal_article
user_id: '54779'
volume: 7
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '37074'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:p>Pointing is one of the first conventional means of communication
    and infants have various motives for engaging in it such as imperative, declarative,
    or informative. Little is known about the developmental paths of producing and
    understanding these different motives. In our longitudinal study (N = 58) during
    the second year of life, we experimentally elicited infants’ pointing production
    and comprehension in various settings and under pragmatically valid conditions.
    We followed two steps in our analyses and assessed the occurrence of canonical
    index-finger pointing for different motives and the engagement in an ongoing interaction
    in pursuit of a joint goal revealed by frequency and multimodal utterances. For
    understanding the developmental paths, we compared two groups: typically developing
    infants (TD) and infants who have been assessed as having delayed language development
    (LD). Results showed that the developmental paths differed according to the various
    motives. When comparing the two groups, for all motives, LD infants produced index-finger
    pointing 2 months later than TD infants. For the engagement, although the pattern
    was less consistent across settings, the frequency of pointing was comparable
    in both groups, but infants with LD used less canonical forms of pointing and
    made fewer multimodal contributions than TD children.</jats:p>'
article_number: '4982'
author:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Carina
  full_name: Lüke, Carina
  last_name: Lüke
- first_name: Ulf
  full_name: Liszkowski, Ulf
  last_name: Liszkowski
- first_name: Ute
  full_name: Ritterfeld, Ute
  last_name: Ritterfeld
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: Rohlfing KJ, Lüke C, Liszkowski U, Ritterfeld U, Grimminger A. Developmental
    Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with and without Language Delay.
    <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>. 2022;19(9).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>
  apa: Rohlfing, K. J., Lüke, C., Liszkowski, U., Ritterfeld, U., &#38; Grimminger,
    A. (2022). Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with
    and without Language Delay. <i>International Journal of Environmental Research
    and Public Health</i>, <i>19</i>(9), Article 4982. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Rohlfing_Lüke_Liszkowski_Ritterfeld_Grimminger_2022, title={Developmental
    Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with and without Language Delay},
    volume={19}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>},
    number={94982}, journal={International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
    Health}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Lüke, Carina
    and Liszkowski, Ulf and Ritterfeld, Ute and Grimminger, Angela}, year={2022} }'
  chicago: Rohlfing, Katharina J., Carina Lüke, Ulf Liszkowski, Ute Ritterfeld, and
    Angela Grimminger. “Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants
    with and without Language Delay.” <i>International Journal of Environmental Research
    and Public Health</i> 19, no. 9 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>.
  ieee: 'K. J. Rohlfing, C. Lüke, U. Liszkowski, U. Ritterfeld, and A. Grimminger,
    “Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with and without
    Language Delay,” <i>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
    Health</i>, vol. 19, no. 9, Art. no. 4982, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>.'
  mla: Rohlfing, Katharina J., et al. “Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various
    Motives in Infants with and without Language Delay.” <i>International Journal
    of Environmental Research and Public Health</i>, vol. 19, no. 9, 4982, MDPI AG,
    2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19094982">10.3390/ijerph19094982</a>.
  short: K.J. Rohlfing, C. Lüke, U. Liszkowski, U. Ritterfeld, A. Grimminger, International
    Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19 (2022).
date_created: 2023-01-17T12:05:46Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T12:09:23Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3390/ijerph19094982
intvolume: '        19'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Health
- Toxicology and Mutagenesis
- Public Health
- Environmental and Occupational Health
language:
- iso: eng
publication: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1660-4601
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Developmental Paths of Pointing for Various Motives in Infants with and without
  Language Delay
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 19
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '46289'
author:
- first_name: Ngoc Chi
  full_name: Banh, Ngoc Chi
  id: '38219'
  last_name: Banh
  orcid: 0000-0002-5946-4542
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: 'Banh NC, Scharlau I, Rohlfing KJ. Folgen wiederholter Negation auf die Aufmerksamkeit.
    In: Bermeitinger C, Greve W, eds. <i>52. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für
    Psychologie</i>. Pabst Science Publishers. ; 2022.'
  apa: Banh, N. C., Scharlau, I., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2022). Folgen wiederholter
    Negation auf die Aufmerksamkeit. In C. Bermeitinger &#38; W. Greve (Eds.), <i>52.
    Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Banh_Scharlau_Rohlfing_2022, series={Pabst Science Publishers},
    title={Folgen wiederholter Negation auf die Aufmerksamkeit}, booktitle={52. Kongress
    der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie}, author={Banh, Ngoc Chi and Scharlau,
    Ingrid and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, editor={Bermeitinger, Christina  and Greve,
    Werner }, year={2022}, collection={Pabst Science Publishers} }'
  chicago: Banh, Ngoc Chi, Ingrid Scharlau, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Folgen Wiederholter
    Negation Auf Die Aufmerksamkeit.” In <i>52. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft
    Für Psychologie</i>, edited by Christina  Bermeitinger and Werner  Greve. Pabst
    Science Publishers, 2022.
  ieee: N. C. Banh, I. Scharlau, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Folgen wiederholter Negation
    auf die Aufmerksamkeit,” in <i>52. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie</i>,
    Hildesheim, Germany, 2022.
  mla: Banh, Ngoc Chi, et al. “Folgen Wiederholter Negation Auf Die Aufmerksamkeit.”
    <i>52. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Psychologie</i>, edited by Christina  Bermeitinger
    and Werner  Greve, 2022.
  short: 'N.C. Banh, I. Scharlau, K.J. Rohlfing, in: C. Bermeitinger, W. Greve (Eds.),
    52. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Psychologie, 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-10-15
  location: Hildesheim, Germany
  name: 52nd Congress of the German Psychological Society
  start_date: 2022-09-10
date_created: 2023-08-03T14:00:36Z
date_updated: 2023-08-03T14:10:48Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
editor:
- first_name: 'Christina '
  full_name: 'Bermeitinger, Christina '
  last_name: Bermeitinger
- first_name: 'Werner '
  full_name: 'Greve, Werner '
  last_name: Greve
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.uni-hildesheim.de/dgps2022/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/DGPsKongress2022_Abstractband_20220926.pdf
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '115'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
publication: 52. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychologie
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Pabst Science Publishers
status: public
title: Folgen wiederholter Negation auf die Aufmerksamkeit
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '38219'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '34703'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:p>One of the many purposes for which social robots are designed is
    education, and there have been many attempts to systematize their potential in
    this field. What these attempts have in common is the recognition that learning
    can be supported in a variety of ways because a learner can be engaged in different
    activities that foster learning. Up to now, three roles have been proposed when
    designing these activities for robots: as a teacher or tutor, a learning peer,
    or a novice. Current research proposes that deciding in favor of one role over
    another depends on the content or preferred pedagogical form. However, the design
    of activities changes not only the content of learning, but also the nature of
    a human–robot social relationship. This is particularly important in language
    acquisition, which has been recognized as a social endeavor. The following review
    aims to specify the differences in human–robot social relationships when children
    learn language through interacting with a social robot. After proposing categories
    for comparing these different relationships, we review established and more specific,
    innovative roles that a robot can play in language-learning scenarios. This follows
    <jats:xref>Mead’s (1946)</jats:xref> theoretical approach proposing that social
    roles are performed in interactive acts. These acts are crucial for learning,
    because not only can they shape the social environment of learning but also engage
    the learner to different degrees. We specify the degree of engagement by referring
    to <jats:xref>Chi’s (2009)</jats:xref> progression of learning activities that
    range from active, constructive, toward interactive with the latter fostering
    deeper learning. Taken together, this approach enables us to compare and evaluate
    different human–robot social relationships that arise when applying a robot in
    a particular social role.</jats:p>'
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Nicole
  full_name: Altvater-Mackensen, Nicole
  last_name: Altvater-Mackensen
- first_name: Nathan
  full_name: Caruana, Nathan
  last_name: Caruana
- first_name: Rianne
  full_name: van den Berghe, Rianne
  last_name: van den Berghe
- first_name: Barbara
  full_name: Bruno, Barbara
  last_name: Bruno
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Adriana
  full_name: Hanulíková, Adriana
  last_name: Hanulíková
citation:
  ama: Rohlfing K, Altvater-Mackensen N, Caruana N, et al. Social/dialogical roles
    of social robots in supporting children’s learning of language and literacy—A
    review and analysis of innovative roles. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>.
    2022;9. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>
  apa: Rohlfing, K., Altvater-Mackensen, N., Caruana, N., van den Berghe, R., Bruno,
    B., Tolksdorf, N. F., &#38; Hanulíková, A. (2022). Social/dialogical roles of
    social robots in supporting children’s learning of language and literacy—A review
    and analysis of innovative roles. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, <i>9</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Rohlfing_Altvater-Mackensen_Caruana_van den Berghe_Bruno_Tolksdorf_Hanulíková_2022,
    title={Social/dialogical roles of social robots in supporting children’s learning
    of language and literacy—A review and analysis of innovative roles}, volume={9},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Rohlfing,
    Katharina and Altvater-Mackensen, Nicole and Caruana, Nathan and van den Berghe,
    Rianne and Bruno, Barbara and Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik and Hanulíková, Adriana},
    year={2022} }'
  chicago: Rohlfing, Katharina, Nicole Altvater-Mackensen, Nathan Caruana, Rianne
    van den Berghe, Barbara Bruno, Nils Frederik Tolksdorf, and Adriana Hanulíková.
    “Social/Dialogical Roles of Social Robots in Supporting Children’s Learning of
    Language and Literacy—A Review and Analysis of Innovative Roles.” <i>Frontiers
    in Robotics and AI</i> 9 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>.
  ieee: 'K. Rohlfing <i>et al.</i>, “Social/dialogical roles of social robots in supporting
    children’s learning of language and literacy—A review and analysis of innovative
    roles,” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, vol. 9, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>.'
  mla: Rohlfing, Katharina, et al. “Social/Dialogical Roles of Social Robots in Supporting
    Children’s Learning of Language and Literacy—A Review and Analysis of Innovative
    Roles.” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, vol. 9, Frontiers Media SA, 2022,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2022.971749">10.3389/frobt.2022.971749</a>.
  short: K. Rohlfing, N. Altvater-Mackensen, N. Caruana, R. van den Berghe, B. Bruno,
    N.F. Tolksdorf, A. Hanulíková, Frontiers in Robotics and AI 9 (2022).
date_created: 2022-12-21T11:23:46Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T08:40:10Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/frobt.2022.971749
intvolume: '         9'
keyword:
- Artificial Intelligence
- Computer Science Applications
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Robotics and AI
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2296-9144
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Social/dialogical roles of social robots in supporting children’s learning
  of language and literacy—A review and analysis of innovative roles
type: journal_article
user_id: '43289'
volume: 9
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '30952'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In child-robot interaction research, many studies pursue the goal to support
    children's language development. While research in human-human interaction suggests
    that changing human partners during children's language learning can reduce their
    recall performance of the learning content, little is known whether a change in
    social robots as interaction partners influence children's learning in the same
    way. In this paper, we present findings from a word learning study, in which we
    changed the robotic partner for one group of children while the other group interacted
    with the same robot. Contrary to work with human social partners, we found that
    children did not retrieve words differently when interacting with different humanoid
    robots as their social interaction partners.
author:
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Dirk
  full_name: Hönemann, Dirk
  last_name: Hönemann
- first_name: Franziska E.
  full_name: Viertel, Franziska E.
  last_name: Viertel
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: 'Tolksdorf NF, Hönemann D, Viertel FE, Rohlfing K. Who is that?!  Does  Changing 
    the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion  Impact  Preschoolers’Language Learning?
    In: <i>Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot
    Interaction</i>. ; 2022:1069-1074. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>'
  apa: Tolksdorf, N. F., Hönemann, D., Viertel, F. E., &#38; Rohlfing, K. (2022).
    Who is that?!  Does  Changing  the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion  Impact 
    Preschoolers’Language Learning? <i>Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International
    Conference on Human-Robot Interaction</i>, 1069–1074. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Tolksdorf_Hönemann_Viertel_Rohlfing_2022, title={Who is
    that?!  Does  Changing  the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion  Impact  Preschoolers’Language
    Learning?}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot
    Interaction}, author={Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik and Hönemann, Dirk and Viertel,
    Franziska E. and Rohlfing, Katharina}, year={2022}, pages={1069–1074} }'
  chicago: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, Dirk Hönemann, Franziska E. Viertel, and Katharina
    Rohlfing. “Who Is That?!  Does  Changing  the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion 
    Impact  Preschoolers’Language Learning?” In <i>Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE
    International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction</i>, 1069–74, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>.
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, D. Hönemann, F. E. Viertel, and K. Rohlfing, “Who is that?! 
    Does  Changing  the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion  Impact  Preschoolers’Language
    Learning?,” in <i>Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on
    Human-Robot Interaction</i>, Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan, 2022, pp. 1069–1074, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>.'
  mla: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, et al. “Who Is That?!  Does  Changing  the  Robot 
    as  a Learning  Companion  Impact  Preschoolers’Language Learning?” <i>Proceedings
    of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction</i>,
    2022, pp. 1069–74, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5555/3523760.3523937">10.5555/3523760.3523937</a>.
  short: 'N.F. Tolksdorf, D. Hönemann, F.E. Viertel, K. Rohlfing, in: Proceedings
    of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, 2022,
    pp. 1069–1074.'
conference:
  location: Sapporo Hokkaido, Japan
  name: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
date_created: 2022-04-27T06:36:53Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T08:40:35Z
department:
- _id: '115'
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.5555/3523760.3523937
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/3523760.3523937
page: 1069-1074
publication: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot
  Interaction
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Who is that?!  Does  Changing  the  Robot  as  a Learning  Companion  Impact  Preschoolers’Language
  Learning?
type: conference
user_id: '43289'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '51349'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Recent approaches to Explainable
    AI (XAI) promise to satisfy diverse user expectations by allowing them to steer
    the interaction in order to elicit content relevant to them. However, little is
    known about how and to what extent the explainee takes part actively in the process
    of explaining. To tackle this empirical gap, we exploratively examined naturally
    occurring everyday explanations in doctor–patient interactions (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 11).
    Following the social design of XAI, we view explanations as emerging in interactions:
    first, we identified the verbal behavior of both the explainer and the explainee
    in the sequential context, which we could assign to phases that were either monological
    or dialogical; second, we investigated in particular who was responsible for the
    initiation of the different phases. Finally, we took a closer look at the global
    conversational structure of explanations by applying a context-sensitive model
    of organizational jobs, thus adding a third layer of analysis. Results show that
    in our small sample of conversational explanations, both monological and dialogical
    phases varied in their length, timing of occurrence (at the early or later stages
    of the interaction) and their initiation (by the explainer or the explainee).
    They alternated several times in the course of the interaction. However, we also
    found some patterns suggesting that all interactions started with a monological
    phase initiated by the explainer. Both conversational partners contributed to
    the core organizational job that constitutes an explanation. We interpret the
    results as an indication for naturally occurring everyday explanations in doctor–patient
    interactions to be co-constructed on three levels of linguistic description: (1)
    by switching back and forth between monological to dialogical phases that (2) can
    be initiated by both partners and (3) by the mutual accomplishment and thus responsibility
    for an explanation’s core job that is crucial for the success of the explanation.
    Because of the explorative nature of our study, these results need to be investigated
    (a) with a larger sample and (b) in other contexts. However, our results suggest
    that future designs of artificial explainable systems should design the explanatory
    dialogue in such a way that it includes monological and dialogical phases that
    can be initiated not only by the explainer but also by the explainee, as both
    contribute to the core job of explicating procedural, clausal, or conceptual relations
    in explanations.</jats:p>'
author:
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Vivien
  full_name: Lohmer, Vivien
  last_name: Lohmer
- first_name: Friederike
  full_name: Kern, Friederike
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Winfried
  full_name: Barthlen, Winfried
  last_name: Barthlen
- first_name: Sebastian
  full_name: Gaus, Sebastian
  last_name: Gaus
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: Fisher JB, Lohmer V, Kern F, Barthlen W, Gaus S, Rohlfing K. Exploring monological
    and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations. <i>KI - Künstliche
    Intelligenz</i>. 2022;36(3-4):317-326. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>
  apa: Fisher, J. B., Lohmer, V., Kern, F., Barthlen, W., Gaus, S., &#38; Rohlfing,
    K. (2022). Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring
    explanations. <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, <i>36</i>(3–4), 317–326. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Fisher_Lohmer_Kern_Barthlen_Gaus_Rohlfing_2022, title={Exploring
    monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations}, volume={36},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>},
    number={3–4}, journal={KI - Künstliche Intelligenz}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Lohmer, Vivien and
    Kern, Friederike and Barthlen, Winfried and Gaus, Sebastian and Rohlfing, Katharina},
    year={2022}, pages={317–326} }'
  chicago: 'Fisher, Josephine Beryl, Vivien Lohmer, Friederike Kern, Winfried Barthlen,
    Sebastian Gaus, and Katharina Rohlfing. “Exploring Monological and Dialogical
    Phases in Naturally Occurring Explanations.” <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>
    36, no. 3–4 (2022): 317–26. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. B. Fisher, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, W. Barthlen, S. Gaus, and K. Rohlfing,
    “Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations,”
    <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, vol. 36, no. 3–4, pp. 317–326, 2022, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.'
  mla: Fisher, Josephine Beryl, et al. “Exploring Monological and Dialogical Phases
    in Naturally Occurring Explanations.” <i>KI - Künstliche Intelligenz</i>, vol.
    36, no. 3–4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022, pp. 317–26, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1">10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1</a>.
  short: J.B. Fisher, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, W. Barthlen, S. Gaus, K. Rohlfing, KI -
    Künstliche Intelligenz 36 (2022) 317–326.
date_created: 2024-02-14T09:44:23Z
date_updated: 2025-09-17T11:11:12Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/s13218-022-00787-1
intvolume: '        36'
issue: 3-4
keyword:
- Artificial Intelligence
language:
- iso: eng
page: 317-326
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A01: TRR 318 - Adaptives Erklären (Teilprojekt A01)'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog
    (Teilprojekt A05)'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318 - A04: TRR 318 - Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten (Teilprojekt A04)'
publication: KI - Künstliche Intelligenz
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0933-1875
  - 1610-1987
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Exploring monological and dialogical phases in naturally occurring explanations
type: journal_article
user_id: '57578'
volume: 36
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '24456'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: One objective of current research in explainable intelligent systems is to
    implement social aspects in order to increase the relevance of explanations. In
    this paper, we argue that a novel conceptual framework is needed to overcome shortcomings
    of existing AI systems with little attention to processes of interaction and learning.
    Drawing from research in interaction and development, we first outline the novel
    conceptual framework that pushes the design of AI systems toward true interactivity
    with an emphasis on the role of the partner and social relevance. We propose that
    AI systems will be able to provide a meaningful and relevant explanation only
    if the process of explaining is extended to active contribution of both partners
    that brings about dynamics that is modulated by different levels of analysis.
    Accordingly, our conceptual framework comprises monitoring and scaffolding as
    key concepts and claims that the process of explaining is not only modulated by
    the interaction between explainee and explainer but is embedded into a larger
    social context in which conventionalized and routinized behaviors are established.
    We discuss our conceptual framework in relation to the established objectives
    of transparency and autonomy that are raised for the design of explainable AI
    systems currently.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Cimiano, Philipp
  last_name: Cimiano
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Matzner, Tobias
  id: '65695'
  last_name: Matzner
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  last_name: Buschmeier
- first_name: Elena
  full_name: Esposito, Elena
  last_name: Esposito
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Barbara
  full_name: Hammer, Barbara
  last_name: Hammer
- first_name: Reinhold
  full_name: Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
  id: '242'
  last_name: Haeb-Umbach
- first_name: Ilona
  full_name: Horwath, Ilona
  id: '68836'
  last_name: Horwath
- first_name: Eyke
  full_name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
  id: '48129'
  last_name: Hüllermeier
- first_name: Friederike
  full_name: Kern, Friederike
  last_name: Kern
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  id: '72497'
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Axel-Cyrille
  full_name: Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille
  id: '65716'
  last_name: Ngonga Ngomo
- first_name: Carsten
  full_name: Schulte, Carsten
  id: '60311'
  last_name: Schulte
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Wachsmuth, Henning
  id: '3900'
  last_name: Wachsmuth
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wagner, Petra
  last_name: Wagner
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: 'Rohlfing KJ, Cimiano P, Scharlau I, et al. Explanation as a Social Practice:
    Toward a Conceptual Framework for the Social Design of AI Systems. <i>IEEE Transactions
    on Cognitive and Developmental Systems</i>. 2021;13(3):717-728. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>'
  apa: 'Rohlfing, K. J., Cimiano, P., Scharlau, I., Matzner, T., Buhl, H. M., Buschmeier,
    H., Esposito, E., Grimminger, A., Hammer, B., Haeb-Umbach, R., Horwath, I., Hüllermeier,
    E., Kern, F., Kopp, S., Thommes, K., Ngonga Ngomo, A.-C., Schulte, C., Wachsmuth,
    H., Wagner, P., &#38; Wrede, B. (2021). Explanation as a Social Practice: Toward
    a Conceptual Framework for the Social Design of AI Systems. <i>IEEE Transactions
    on Cognitive and Developmental Systems</i>, <i>13</i>(3), 717–728. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Rohlfing_Cimiano_Scharlau_Matzner_Buhl_Buschmeier_Esposito_Grimminger_Hammer_Haeb-Umbach_et
    al._2021, title={Explanation as a Social Practice: Toward a Conceptual Framework
    for the Social Design of AI Systems}, volume={13}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>},
    number={3}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems},
    author={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Cimiano, Philipp and Scharlau, Ingrid and Matzner,
    Tobias and Buhl, Heike M. and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Esposito, Elena and Grimminger,
    Angela and Hammer, Barbara and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold and et al.}, year={2021},
    pages={717–728} }'
  chicago: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., Philipp Cimiano, Ingrid Scharlau, Tobias Matzner,
    Heike M. Buhl, Hendrik Buschmeier, Elena Esposito, et al. “Explanation as a Social
    Practice: Toward a Conceptual Framework for the Social Design of AI Systems.”
    <i>IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems</i> 13, no. 3 (2021):
    717–28. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. J. Rohlfing <i>et al.</i>, “Explanation as a Social Practice: Toward a
    Conceptual Framework for the Social Design of AI Systems,” <i>IEEE Transactions
    on Cognitive and Developmental Systems</i>, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 717–728, 2021,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>.'
  mla: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., et al. “Explanation as a Social Practice: Toward a
    Conceptual Framework for the Social Design of AI Systems.” <i>IEEE Transactions
    on Cognitive and Developmental Systems</i>, vol. 13, no. 3, 2021, pp. 717–28,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366">10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366</a>.'
  short: K.J. Rohlfing, P. Cimiano, I. Scharlau, T. Matzner, H.M. Buhl, H. Buschmeier,
    E. Esposito, A. Grimminger, B. Hammer, R. Haeb-Umbach, I. Horwath, E. Hüllermeier,
    F. Kern, S. Kopp, K. Thommes, A.-C. Ngonga Ngomo, C. Schulte, H. Wachsmuth, P.
    Wagner, B. Wrede, IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems 13
    (2021) 717–728.
date_created: 2021-09-14T20:52:57Z
date_updated: 2023-12-05T10:15:02Z
ddc:
- '300'
department:
- _id: '603'
- _id: '749'
- _id: '424'
- _id: '67'
- _id: '574'
- _id: '184'
- _id: '757'
- _id: '54'
- _id: '178'
doi: 10.1109/tcds.2020.3044366
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: haebumb
  date_created: 2023-11-20T16:33:51Z
  date_updated: 2023-11-20T16:33:51Z
  file_id: '49081'
  file_name: 2020-12-01_explainability_final_version.pdf
  file_size: 626217
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-11-20T16:33:51Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        13'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- Explainability
- process ofexplaining andunderstanding
- explainable artificial systems
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
page: 717-728
project:
- _id: '109'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318: TRR 318 - Erklärbarkeit konstruieren'
publication: IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2379-8920
  - 2379-8939
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Explanation as a Social Practice: Toward a Conceptual Framework for the Social
  Design of AI Systems'
type: journal_article
user_id: '42933'
volume: 13
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '28696'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The aim of the present study is to bring new momentum into research on students’\r\nunderstanding
    of academic writing. Drawing on the idea that metaphors give insight into\r\nimplicit
    conceptions of abstract entities and processes, we developed a detailed and\r\ndifferentiated
    set of conceptual metaphors that can be used to study student ideas about\r\nwriting
    in research, teaching, and interventions. A large sample of undergraduates produced\r\ntheir
    everyday understanding of writing in short texts beginning with a self-generated\r\nmetaphor.
    Based on theories from cognitive linguistics, the conceptual metaphors in their\r\ntexts
    were analyzed in terms of their action quality (transitivity) and spatiality (spatial\r\nprimitives).
    The undergraduates’ conceptualizations were very heterogeneous. Most\r\nmetaphors
    depart strongly from scientific approaches to academic writing within cognitive\r\npsychology
    and sociocultural theory. Roughly half of the metaphors could be collated to one\r\nof
    four metaphor systems. Depending on the desired degree of abstraction or concreteness,\r\nconceptual
    metaphors or metaphor systems can be employed in further studies to illuminate\r\nthinking
    about writing."
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Karsten, Andrea
  id: '53917'
  last_name: Karsten
  orcid: 0000-0003-0194-2000
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: Scharlau I, Karsten A, Rohlfing K. Building, emptying out, or dreaming? Action
    structures and space in undergraduates’ metaphors of academic writing. <i>Journal
    of Writing Research</i>. 2021;12(3):493-529. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>
  apa: Scharlau, I., Karsten, A., &#38; Rohlfing, K. (2021). Building, emptying out,
    or dreaming? Action structures and space in undergraduates’ metaphors of academic
    writing. <i>Journal of Writing Research</i>, <i>12</i>(3), 493–529. <a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Scharlau_Karsten_Rohlfing_2021, title={Building, emptying out,
    or dreaming? Action structures and space in undergraduates’ metaphors of academic
    writing}, volume={12}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>},
    number={3}, journal={Journal of Writing Research}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and
    Karsten, Andrea and Rohlfing, Katharina}, year={2021}, pages={493–529} }'
  chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, Andrea Karsten, and Katharina Rohlfing. “Building, Emptying
    out, or Dreaming? Action Structures and Space in Undergraduates’ Metaphors of
    Academic Writing.” <i>Journal of Writing Research</i> 12, no. 3 (2021): 493–529.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Scharlau, A. Karsten, and K. Rohlfing, “Building, emptying out, or dreaming?
    Action structures and space in undergraduates’ metaphors of academic writing,”
    <i>Journal of Writing Research</i>, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 493–529, 2021, doi: <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.'
  mla: Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Building, Emptying out, or Dreaming? Action Structures
    and Space in Undergraduates’ Metaphors of Academic Writing.” <i>Journal of Writing
    Research</i>, vol. 12, no. 3, 2021, pp. 493–529, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.
  short: I. Scharlau, A. Karsten, K. Rohlfing, Journal of Writing Research 12 (2021)
    493–529.
date_created: 2021-12-13T10:30:14Z
date_updated: 2023-12-21T08:38:01Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01
intvolume: '        12'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- metaphor analysis
- academic writing
- transitivity
- spatial primitives
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 493-529
publication: Journal of Writing Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2030-1006
  - 2294-3307
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Building, emptying out, or dreaming? Action structures and space in undergraduates’
  metaphors of academic writing
type: journal_article
user_id: '53917'
volume: 12
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '31680'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Karsten, A.
  last_name: Karsten
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: Scharlau I, Karsten A, Rohlfing KJ. Building, emptying out, or dreaming? Action
    structures and space in students’ metaphors of academic writing. <i>Journal of
    Writing Research</i>. 2021;12(vol. 12 issue 3):493-529. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>
  apa: Scharlau, I., Karsten, A., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2021). Building, emptying
    out, or dreaming? Action structures and space in students’ metaphors of academic
    writing. <i>Journal of Writing Research</i>, <i>12</i>(vol. 12 issue 3), 493–529.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Scharlau_Karsten_Rohlfing_2021, title={Building, emptying out,
    or dreaming? Action structures and space in students’ metaphors of academic writing},
    volume={12}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>},
    number={vol. 12 issue 3}, journal={Journal of Writing Research}, publisher={ARLE
    (International Association for Research in L1 Education)}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid
    and Karsten, A. and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2021}, pages={493–529} }'
  chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, A. Karsten, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Building, Emptying
    out, or Dreaming? Action Structures and Space in Students’ Metaphors of Academic
    Writing.” <i>Journal of Writing Research</i> 12, no. vol. 12 issue 3 (2021): 493–529.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Scharlau, A. Karsten, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Building, emptying out, or
    dreaming? Action structures and space in students’ metaphors of academic writing,”
    <i>Journal of Writing Research</i>, vol. 12, no. vol. 12 issue 3, pp. 493–529,
    2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.'
  mla: Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Building, Emptying out, or Dreaming? Action Structures
    and Space in Students’ Metaphors of Academic Writing.” <i>Journal of Writing Research</i>,
    vol. 12, no. vol. 12 issue 3, ARLE (International Association for Research in
    L1 Education), 2021, pp. 493–529, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01">10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01</a>.
  short: I. Scharlau, A. Karsten, K.J. Rohlfing, Journal of Writing Research 12 (2021)
    493–529.
date_created: 2022-06-06T13:49:01Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T12:14:52Z
department:
- _id: '749'
- _id: '424'
doi: 10.17239/jowr-2021.12.03.01
intvolume: '        12'
issue: vol. 12 issue 3
keyword:
- Literature and Literary Theory
- Linguistics and Language
- Language and Linguistics
- Education
language:
- iso: eng
page: 493-529
publication: Journal of Writing Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2030-1006
  - 2294-3307
publication_status: published
publisher: ARLE (International Association for Research in L1 Education)
status: public
title: Building, emptying out, or dreaming? Action structures and space in students’
  metaphors of academic writing
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 12
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '37185'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Social robots have emerged as a new digital technology that is increasingly
    being implemented in the educational landscape. While social robots could be deployed
    to assist young children with their learning in a variety of different ways, the
    typical approach in educational practices is to supplement the learning process
    rather than to replace the human caregiver, e.g., the teacher, parent, educator
    or therapist. When functioning in the role of an educational assistant, social
    robots will likely constitute a part of a triadic interaction with the child and
    the human caregiver. Surprisingly, there is little research that systematically
    investigates the role of the caregiver by examining the ways in which children
    involve or check in with them during their interaction with another partner<jats:bold>—</jats:bold>a
    phenomenon that is known as social referencing. In the present study, we investigated
    social referencing in the context of a dyadic child–robot interaction. Over the
    course of four sessions within our longitudinal language-learning study, we observed
    how 20 pre-school children aged 4–5 years checked in with their accompanying caregivers
    who were not actively involved in the language-learning procedure. The children
    participating in the study were randomly assigned to either an interaction with
    a social robot or a human partner. Our results revealed that all children across
    both conditions utilized social referencing behaviors to address their caregiver.
    However, we found that the children who interacted with the social robot did so
    significantly more frequently in each of the four sessions than those who interacted
    with the human partner. Further analyses showed that no significant change in
    their behavior over the course of the sessions could be observed. Findings are
    discussed with regard to the caregiver's role during children's interactions with
    social robots and the implications for future interaction design.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Nils F.
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils F.
  last_name: Tolksdorf
- first_name: Camilla E.
  full_name: Crawshaw, Camilla E.
  last_name: Crawshaw
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: Tolksdorf NF, Crawshaw CE, Rohlfing K. Comparing the Effects of a Different
    Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing in Interaction.
    <i>Frontiers in Education</i>. 2021;5. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>
  apa: Tolksdorf, N. F., Crawshaw, C. E., &#38; Rohlfing, K. (2021). Comparing the
    Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social
    Referencing in Interaction. <i>Frontiers in Education</i>, <i>5</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Tolksdorf_Crawshaw_Rohlfing_2021, title={Comparing the Effects
    of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing
    in Interaction}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Education}, publisher={Frontiers Media SA}, author={Tolksdorf,
    Nils F. and Crawshaw, Camilla E. and Rohlfing, Katharina}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Tolksdorf, Nils F., Camilla E. Crawshaw, and Katharina Rohlfing. “Comparing
    the Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s
    Social Referencing in Interaction.” <i>Frontiers in Education</i> 5 (2021). <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, C. E. Crawshaw, and K. Rohlfing, “Comparing the Effects
    of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing
    in Interaction,” <i>Frontiers in Education</i>, vol. 5, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.'
  mla: Tolksdorf, Nils F., et al. “Comparing the Effects of a Different Social Partner
    (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing in Interaction.” <i>Frontiers
    in Education</i>, vol. 5, Frontiers Media SA, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.
  short: N.F. Tolksdorf, C.E. Crawshaw, K. Rohlfing, Frontiers in Education 5 (2021).
date_created: 2023-01-17T20:22:49Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T11:59:32Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/feduc.2020.569615
intvolume: '         5'
keyword:
- Education
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Education
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2504-284X
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: Comparing the Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human)
  on Children's Social Referencing in Interaction
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 5
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '37184'
author:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Mertens, Ulrich
  last_name: Mertens
citation:
  ama: Rohlfing K, Mertens U. Progressive Reduction of Iconic Gestures Contributes
    to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>.
    Published online 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>
  apa: Rohlfing, K., &#38; Mertens, U. (2021). Progressive Reduction of Iconic Gestures
    Contributes to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production. <i>Frontiers
    in Psychology</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Rohlfing_Mertens_2021, title={Progressive Reduction of Iconic
    Gestures Contributes to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Rohlfing, Katharina and Mertens, Ulrich},
    year={2021} }'
  chicago: Rohlfing, Katharina, and Ulrich Mertens. “Progressive Reduction of Iconic
    Gestures Contributes to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production.” <i>Frontiers
    in Psychology</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>.
  ieee: 'K. Rohlfing and U. Mertens, “Progressive Reduction of Iconic Gestures Contributes
    to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>,
    2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>.'
  mla: Rohlfing, Katharina, and Ulrich Mertens. “Progressive Reduction of Iconic Gestures
    Contributes to School-Aged Children’s Increased Word Production.” <i>Frontiers
    in Psychology</i>, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725">10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725</a>.
  short: K. Rohlfing, U. Mertens, Frontiers in Psychology (2021).
date_created: 2023-01-17T20:19:11Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T12:05:18Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.651725
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Psychology
status: public
title: Progressive Reduction of Iconic Gestures Contributes to School-Aged Children’s
  Increased Word Production
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24901'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In child–robot interaction (cHRI)
    research, many studies pursue the goal to develop interactive systems that can
    be applied in everyday settings. For early education, increasingly, the setting
    of a kindergarten is targeted. However, when cHRI and research are brought into
    a kindergarten, a range of ethical and related procedural aspects have to be considered
    and dealt with. While ethical models elaborated within other human–robot interaction
    settings, e.g., assisted living contexts, can provide some important indicators
    for relevant issues, we argue that it is important to start developing a systematic
    approach to identify and tackle those ethical issues which rise with cHRI in kindergarten
    settings on a more global level and address the impact of the technology from
    a macroperspective beyond the effects on the individual. Based on our experience
    in conducting studies with children in general and pedagogical considerations
    on the role of the institution of kindergarten in specific, in this paper, we
    enfold some relevant aspects that have barely been addressed in an explicit way
    in current cHRI research. Four areas are analyzed and key ethical issues are identified
    in each area: (1) the institutional setting of a kindergarten, (2) children as
    a vulnerable group, (3) the caregivers’ role, and (4) pedagogical concepts. With
    our considerations, we aim at (i) broadening the methodology of the current studies
    within the area of cHRI, (ii) revalidate it based on our comprehensive empirical
    experience with research in kindergarten settings, both laboratory and real-world
    contexts, and (iii) provide a framework for the development of a more systematic
    approach to address the ethical issues in cHRI research within kindergarten settings.</jats:p>'
author:
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Scarlet
  full_name: Siebert, Scarlet
  last_name: Siebert
- first_name: Isabel
  full_name: Zorn, Isabel
  last_name: Zorn
- first_name: Ilona
  full_name: Horwath, Ilona
  id: '68836'
  last_name: Horwath
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: 'Tolksdorf NF, Siebert S, Zorn I, Horwath I, Rohlfing KJ. Ethical Considerations
    of Applying Robots in Kindergarten Settings: Towards an Approach from a Macroperspective.
    <i>International Journal of Social Robotics</i>. Published online 2021:129-140.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>'
  apa: 'Tolksdorf, N. F., Siebert, S., Zorn, I., Horwath, I., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J.
    (2021). Ethical Considerations of Applying Robots in Kindergarten Settings: Towards
    an Approach from a Macroperspective. <i>International Journal of Social Robotics</i>,
    129–140. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Tolksdorf_Siebert_Zorn_Horwath_Rohlfing_2021, title={Ethical Considerations
    of Applying Robots in Kindergarten Settings: Towards an Approach from a Macroperspective},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>},
    journal={International Journal of Social Robotics}, author={Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
    and Siebert, Scarlet and Zorn, Isabel and Horwath, Ilona and Rohlfing, Katharina
    J.}, year={2021}, pages={129–140} }'
  chicago: 'Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, Scarlet Siebert, Isabel Zorn, Ilona Horwath,
    and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Ethical Considerations of Applying Robots in Kindergarten
    Settings: Towards an Approach from a Macroperspective.” <i>International Journal
    of Social Robotics</i>, 2021, 129–40. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>.'
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, S. Siebert, I. Zorn, I. Horwath, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Ethical
    Considerations of Applying Robots in Kindergarten Settings: Towards an Approach
    from a Macroperspective,” <i>International Journal of Social Robotics</i>, pp.
    129–140, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>.'
  mla: 'Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, et al. “Ethical Considerations of Applying Robots
    in Kindergarten Settings: Towards an Approach from a Macroperspective.” <i>International
    Journal of Social Robotics</i>, 2021, pp. 129–40, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3">10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3</a>.'
  short: N.F. Tolksdorf, S. Siebert, I. Zorn, I. Horwath, K.J. Rohlfing, International
    Journal of Social Robotics (2021) 129–140.
date_created: 2021-09-23T11:03:50Z
date_updated: 2023-05-03T08:24:33Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1007/s12369-020-00622-3
language:
- iso: eng
page: 129-140
publication: International Journal of Social Robotics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1875-4791
  - 1875-4805
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Ethical Considerations of Applying Robots in Kindergarten Settings: Towards
  an Approach from a Macroperspective'
type: journal_article
user_id: '68836'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24902'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Social robots have emerged as a new digital technology that is increasingly
    being implemented in the educational landscape. While social robots could be deployed
    to assist young children with their learning in a variety of different ways, the
    typical approach in educational practices is to supplement the learning process
    rather than to replace the human caregiver, e.g., the teacher, parent, educator
    or therapist. When functioning in the role of an educational assistant, social
    robots will likely constitute a part of a triadic interaction with the child and
    the human caregiver. Surprisingly, there is little research that systematically
    investigates the role of the caregiver by examining the ways in which children
    involve or check in with them during their interaction with another partner<jats:bold>—</jats:bold>a
    phenomenon that is known as social referencing. In the present study, we investigated
    social referencing in the context of a dyadic child–robot interaction. Over the
    course of four sessions within our longitudinal language-learning study, we observed
    how 20 pre-school children aged 4–5 years checked in with their accompanying caregivers
    who were not actively involved in the language-learning procedure. The children
    participating in the study were randomly assigned to either an interaction with
    a social robot or a human partner. Our results revealed that all children across
    both conditions utilized social referencing behaviors to address their caregiver.
    However, we found that the children who interacted with the social robot did so
    significantly more frequently in each of the four sessions than those who interacted
    with the human partner. Further analyses showed that no significant change in
    their behavior over the course of the sessions could be observed. Findings are
    discussed with regard to the caregiver's role during children's interactions with
    social robots and the implications for future interaction design.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Camilla E.
  full_name: Crawshaw, Camilla E.
  last_name: Crawshaw
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: Tolksdorf NF, Crawshaw CE, Rohlfing KJ. Comparing the Effects of a Different
    Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing in Interaction.
    <i>Frontiers in Education</i>. Published online 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>
  apa: Tolksdorf, N. F., Crawshaw, C. E., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2021). Comparing
    the Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s
    Social Referencing in Interaction. <i>Frontiers in Education</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Tolksdorf_Crawshaw_Rohlfing_2021, title={Comparing the Effects
    of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing
    in Interaction}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Education}, author={Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik and Crawshaw,
    Camilla E. and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, Camilla E. Crawshaw, and Katharina J. Rohlfing.
    “Comparing the Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human)
    on Children’s Social Referencing in Interaction.” <i>Frontiers in Education</i>,
    2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, C. E. Crawshaw, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Comparing the Effects
    of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing
    in Interaction,” <i>Frontiers in Education</i>, 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.'
  mla: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, et al. “Comparing the Effects of a Different Social
    Partner (Social Robot vs. Human) on Children’s Social Referencing in Interaction.”
    <i>Frontiers in Education</i>, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.569615">10.3389/feduc.2020.569615</a>.
  short: N.F. Tolksdorf, C.E. Crawshaw, K.J. Rohlfing, Frontiers in Education (2021).
date_created: 2021-09-23T11:04:01Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T08:40:51Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/feduc.2020.569615
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Education
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2504-284X
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Comparing the Effects of a Different Social Partner (Social Robot vs. Human)
  on Children's Social Referencing in Interaction
type: journal_article
user_id: '43289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24900'
author:
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Fanziska E.
  full_name: Viertel, Fanziska E.
  last_name: Viertel
- first_name: Camilla E.
  full_name: Crawshaw, Camilla E.
  last_name: Crawshaw
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: 'Tolksdorf NF, Viertel FE, Crawshaw CE, Rohlfing KJ. Do Shy Children Keep more
    Distance from a Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s Proxemics with a Social
    Robot or a Human. In: <i>Interaction Design and Children</i>. ; 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>'
  apa: Tolksdorf, N. F., Viertel, F. E., Crawshaw, C. E., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2021).
    Do Shy Children Keep more Distance from a Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s
    Proxemics with a Social Robot or a Human. <i>Interaction Design and Children</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Tolksdorf_Viertel_Crawshaw_Rohlfing_2021, title={Do Shy
    Children Keep more Distance from a Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s Proxemics
    with a Social Robot or a Human}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>},
    booktitle={Interaction Design and Children}, author={Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
    and Viertel, Fanziska E. and Crawshaw, Camilla E. and Rohlfing, Katharina J.},
    year={2021} }'
  chicago: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, Fanziska E. Viertel, Camilla E. Crawshaw, and
    Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Do Shy Children Keep More Distance from a Social Robot?
    Exploring Shy Children’s Proxemics with a Social Robot or a Human.” In <i>Interaction
    Design and Children</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>.
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, F. E. Viertel, C. E. Crawshaw, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Do Shy
    Children Keep more Distance from a Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s Proxemics
    with a Social Robot or a Human,” 2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>.'
  mla: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, et al. “Do Shy Children Keep More Distance from a
    Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s Proxemics with a Social Robot or a Human.”
    <i>Interaction Design and Children</i>, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3459990.3465181">10.1145/3459990.3465181</a>.
  short: 'N.F. Tolksdorf, F.E. Viertel, C.E. Crawshaw, K.J. Rohlfing, in: Interaction
    Design and Children, 2021.'
date_created: 2021-09-23T11:03:28Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T08:42:12Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1145/3459990.3465181
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Interaction Design and Children
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Do Shy Children Keep more Distance from a Social Robot? Exploring Shy Children’s
  Proxemics with a Social Robot or a Human
type: conference
user_id: '43289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '24899'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Temperamental traits can decisively influence how children enter into
    social interaction with their environment. Yet, in the field of child–robot interaction,
    little is known about how individual differences such as shyness impact on how
    children interact with social robots in educational settings. The present study
    systematically assessed the temperament of 28 preschool children aged 4–5 years
    in order to investigate the role of shyness within a dyadic child–robot interaction.
    Over the course of four consecutive sessions, we observed how shy compared to
    nonshy children interacted with a social robot during a word-learning educational
    setting and how shyness influenced children’s learning outcomes. Overall, results
    suggested that shy children not only interacted differently with a robot compared
    to nonshy children, but also changed their behavior over the course of the sessions.
    Critically, shy children interacted less expressively with the robot in general.
    With regard to children’s language learning outcomes, shy children scored lower
    on an initial posttest, but were able to close this gap on a later test, resulting
    in all children retrieving the learned words on a similar level. When intertest
    learning gain was considered, regression analyses even confirmed a positive predictive
    role of shyness on language learning gains. Findings are discussed with regard
    to the role of shyness in educational settings with social robots and the implications
    for future interaction design.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Nils Frederik
  full_name: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik
  id: '43289'
  last_name: Tolksdorf
  orcid: 0000-0001-6093-1219
- first_name: Franziska E.
  full_name: Viertel, Franziska E.
  last_name: Viertel
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
citation:
  ama: Tolksdorf NF, Viertel FE, Rohlfing KJ. Do Shy Preschoolers Interact Differently
    When Learning Language With a Social Robot? An Analysis of Interactional Behavior
    and Word Learning. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>. Published online 2021.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>
  apa: Tolksdorf, N. F., Viertel, F. E., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2021). Do Shy Preschoolers
    Interact Differently When Learning Language With a Social Robot? An Analysis of
    Interactional Behavior and Word Learning. <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Tolksdorf_Viertel_Rohlfing_2021, title={Do Shy Preschoolers Interact
    Differently When Learning Language With a Social Robot? An Analysis of Interactional
    Behavior and Word Learning}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Robotics and AI}, author={Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik and Viertel,
    Franziska E. and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, Franziska E. Viertel, and Katharina J. Rohlfing.
    “Do Shy Preschoolers Interact Differently When Learning Language With a Social
    Robot? An Analysis of Interactional Behavior and Word Learning.” <i>Frontiers
    in Robotics and AI</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>.
  ieee: 'N. F. Tolksdorf, F. E. Viertel, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Do Shy Preschoolers
    Interact Differently When Learning Language With a Social Robot? An Analysis of
    Interactional Behavior and Word Learning,” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>,
    2021, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>.'
  mla: Tolksdorf, Nils Frederik, et al. “Do Shy Preschoolers Interact Differently
    When Learning Language With a Social Robot? An Analysis of Interactional Behavior
    and Word Learning.” <i>Frontiers in Robotics and AI</i>, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2021.676123">10.3389/frobt.2021.676123</a>.
  short: N.F. Tolksdorf, F.E. Viertel, K.J. Rohlfing, Frontiers in Robotics and AI
    (2021).
date_created: 2021-09-23T11:02:31Z
date_updated: 2024-11-28T08:44:59Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.3389/frobt.2021.676123
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Robotics and AI
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2296-9144
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Do Shy Preschoolers Interact Differently When Learning Language With a Social
  Robot? An Analysis of Interactional Behavior and Word Learning
type: journal_article
user_id: '43289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '61111'
author:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Silke
  full_name: Fischer, Silke
  last_name: Fischer
- first_name: Franziska E.
  full_name: Viertel, Franziska E.
  last_name: Viertel
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: 'Rohlfing KJ, Fischer S, Viertel FE, Grimminger A. Spracherwerb: Warum ist
    die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die Sprachentwicklung förderlich?
    In: Müller HM, ed. <i>Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung</i>. Stauffenberg
    Verlag; 2021:21-41.'
  apa: 'Rohlfing, K. J., Fischer, S., Viertel, F. E., &#38; Grimminger, A. (2021).
    Spracherwerb: Warum ist die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die Sprachentwicklung
    förderlich? In H. M. Müller (Ed.), <i>Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver
    Forschung</i> (pp. 21–41). Stauffenberg Verlag.'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Rohlfing_Fischer_Viertel_Grimminger_2021, title={Spracherwerb:
    Warum ist die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die Sprachentwicklung
    förderlich?}, booktitle={Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung}, publisher={Stauffenberg
    Verlag}, author={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Fischer, Silke and Viertel, Franziska
    E. and Grimminger, Angela}, editor={Müller, Horst M.}, year={2021}, pages={21–41}
    }'
  chicago: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., Silke Fischer, Franziska E. Viertel, and Angela
    Grimminger. “Spracherwerb: Warum ist die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens
    für die Sprachentwicklung förderlich?” In <i>Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver
    Forschung</i>, edited by Horst M. Müller, 21–41. Stauffenberg Verlag, 2021.'
  ieee: 'K. J. Rohlfing, S. Fischer, F. E. Viertel, and A. Grimminger, “Spracherwerb:
    Warum ist die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die Sprachentwicklung
    förderlich?,” in <i>Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung</i>, H.
    M. Müller, Ed. Stauffenberg Verlag, 2021, pp. 21–41.'
  mla: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., et al. “Spracherwerb: Warum ist die Situation des
    gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die Sprachentwicklung förderlich?” <i>Sprache in
    Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung</i>, edited by Horst M. Müller, Stauffenberg
    Verlag, 2021, pp. 21–41.'
  short: 'K.J. Rohlfing, S. Fischer, F.E. Viertel, A. Grimminger, in: H.M. Müller
    (Ed.), Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung, Stauffenberg Verlag,
    2021, pp. 21–41.'
date_created: 2025-09-02T14:27:47Z
date_updated: 2025-09-02T14:27:55Z
editor:
- first_name: Horst M.
  full_name: Müller, Horst M.
  last_name: Müller
language:
- iso: ger
page: 21-41
publication: Sprache in Therapie und neurokognitiver Forschung
publication_status: published
publisher: Stauffenberg Verlag
status: public
title: 'Spracherwerb: Warum ist die Situation des gemeinsamen Buchvorlesens für die
  Sprachentwicklung förderlich?'
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2021'
...
