---
_id: '44161'
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Phase-Shift Modulation for Flying-Capacitor
DC-DC Converters. In: 2022 24th European Conference on Power Electronics and
Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe). ; 2022:1-9.'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2022). Phase-Shift Modulation
for Flying-Capacitor DC-DC Converters. 2022 24th European Conference on Power
Electronics and Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe), 1–9.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Schafmeister_Böcker_2022, title={Phase-Shift
Modulation for Flying-Capacitor DC-DC Converters}, booktitle={2022 24th European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe)}, author={Rehlaender,
Philipp and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2022}, pages={1–9}
}'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Phase-Shift
Modulation for Flying-Capacitor DC-DC Converters.” In 2022 24th European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe), 1–9, 2022.
ieee: P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Phase-Shift Modulation for
Flying-Capacitor DC-DC Converters,” in 2022 24th European Conference on Power
Electronics and Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe), Hannover, Germany, 2022,
pp. 1–9.
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Phase-Shift Modulation for Flying-Capacitor DC-DC
Converters.” 2022 24th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’22 ECCE Europe), 2022, pp. 1–9.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2022 24th European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’22 ECCE Europe), 2022, pp. 1–9.'
conference:
location: Hannover, Germany
name: EPE
start_date: 2022-09
date_created: 2023-04-25T08:24:57Z
date_updated: 2023-04-25T08:28:00Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-9
publication: 2022 24th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’22
ECCE Europe)
status: public
title: Phase-Shift Modulation for Flying-Capacitor DC-DC Converters
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '29849'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'DC-DC converters for on-board chargers (OBC) of electrical vehicles are usually
galvanically isolated allowing modular single-phase PFC front-end solutions, but
require transformers which are more bulky, costly and lossy than inductors of
non-isolated DC-DCs. Furthermore, for vehicle-to-grid applications, bidirectional
converters with transformers are generally more complex and have a higher count
on semiconductor switches than transformerless solutions. However, when using
non-isolated DC-DC converters within an OBC, the large common-mode (CM) capacitance
comprising capacitive parasitics of the traction battery as well as explicit Y-capacitors
connecting the high-voltage DC-system (HV-system) within specific HV-loads to
ground has to be considered. For the PFC front-end stage, when supplied from the
three-phase mains this means that generation of high-frequency and high-amplitude
CM voltages, as it is common e.g. with the conventional six-switch full-bridge
converter, has to be strictly avoided. For this reason, a modified topology is
suggested leading to a different mode of operation and to a very low common-mode
noise behaviour: The three-phase four-wire full-bridge PFC with split DC-link,
whose midpoint is connected to the mains neutral provides very stable potentials
at the DC-link rails and therefore it can be classified as Zero-CM-topology.For
dedicated single-phase operation, as required for most OBC, an additional balancing
leg may be added to the topology to reduce the required DC-link capacitance and
allow non-electrolytic capacitors.The function of the bidirectional Zero-CM three-phase
four-wire full-bridge PFC was verified by simulation and on an 11 kW-laboratory
sample. The power factor is above 0.999 and an efficiency of 98 % is measured.'
author:
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Strothmann, Benjamin
id: '22556'
last_name: Strothmann
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Strothmann B, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase
PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger. In: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE; 2021. doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462'
apa: Strothmann, B., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Common-Mode-Free
Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger. 2021 IEEE
Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Strothmann_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Common-Mode-Free
Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger}, DOI={10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462},
booktitle={2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)},
publisher={IEEE}, author={Strothmann, Benjamin and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker,
Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Strothmann, Benjamin, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Common-Mode-Free
Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger.” In 2021
IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462.
ieee: 'B. Strothmann, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional
Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger,” 2021, doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462.'
mla: Strothmann, Benjamin, et al. “Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier
for Non-Isolated EV Charger.” 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, 2021, doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462.
short: 'B. Strothmann, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, 2021.'
date_created: 2022-02-15T09:14:56Z
date_updated: 2022-02-21T19:25:17Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487462
keyword:
- Three-phase four-wire
- OBC
- Y2G
- PFC
- CM
- EY charger
- balancing circuit
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV
Charger
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29892'
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: Rehlaender P, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Interleaved Single-Stage LLC Converter
Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage Transfer
Ratio Applications. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2021;36(9):10065-10080.
doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843
apa: Rehlaender, P., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Interleaved Single-Stage
LLC Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage
Transfer Ratio Applications. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 36(9),
10065–10080. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843
bibtex: '@article{Rehlaender_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Interleaved Single-Stage
LLC Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage
Transfer Ratio Applications}, volume={36}, DOI={10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843},
number={9}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics}, publisher={Institute
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and
Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021}, pages={10065–10080} }'
chicago: 'Rehlaender, Philipp, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Interleaved
Single-Stage LLC Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations
for Wide Voltage Transfer Ratio Applications.” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
36, no. 9 (2021): 10065–80. https://doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843.'
ieee: 'P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Interleaved Single-Stage
LLC Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage
Transfer Ratio Applications,” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol.
36, no. 9, pp. 10065–10080, 2021, doi: 10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843.'
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Interleaved Single-Stage LLC Converter Design
Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge Configurations for Wide Voltage Transfer Ratio
Applications.” IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 36, no. 9,
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021, pp. 10065–80,
doi:10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843.
short: P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
36 (2021) 10065–10080.
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:18:08Z
date_updated: 2022-02-22T08:28:30Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/tpel.2021.3067843
intvolume: ' 36'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
language:
- iso: eng
page: 10065-10080
publication: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0885-8993
- 1941-0107
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
status: public
title: Interleaved Single-Stage LLC Converter Design Utilizing Half- and Full-Bridge
Configurations for Wide Voltage Transfer Ratio Applications
type: journal_article
user_id: '66'
volume: 36
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29895'
author:
- first_name: Bastian
full_name: Korthauer, Bastian
last_name: Korthauer
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Korthauer B, Rehlaender P, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Design and Analysis of
a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 kW Active-Clamp Forward Converter with Low-Voltage
Output. In: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC).
IEEE; 2021. doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130'
apa: Korthauer, B., Rehlaender, P., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Design
and Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 kW Active-Clamp Forward Converter
with Low-Voltage Output. 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and
Exposition (APEC). https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Korthauer_Rehlaender_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Design
and Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 kW Active-Clamp Forward Converter
with Low-Voltage Output}, DOI={10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130},
booktitle={2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)},
publisher={IEEE}, author={Korthauer, Bastian and Rehlaender, Philipp and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Korthauer, Bastian, Philipp Rehlaender, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim
Böcker. “Design and Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 KW Active-Clamp
Forward Converter with Low-Voltage Output.” In 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130.
ieee: 'B. Korthauer, P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Design and
Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 kW Active-Clamp Forward Converter
with Low-Voltage Output,” 2021, doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130.'
mla: Korthauer, Bastian, et al. “Design and Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for
a 2.2 KW Active-Clamp Forward Converter with Low-Voltage Output.” 2021 IEEE
Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, 2021, doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130.
short: 'B. Korthauer, P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2021 IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, 2021.'
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:20:14Z
date_updated: 2022-02-22T08:28:24Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487130
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Design and Analysis of a Regenerative Snubber for a 2.2 kW Active-Clamp Forward
Converter with Low-Voltage Output
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29850'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In electric vehicles (EV) the large common-mode (CM) capacitance comprising
capacitive parasitics of the traction battery as well as explicit Y-capacitors
connecting within specific loads the high-voltage DC-system (HV-system) to ground,
can cause issues when using non-isolated EV Chargers. One solution for a power
factor correction (PFC) rectifier that is capable to operate with a non-isolated
DC-DC converter, is the three-phase four-wire full-bridge PFC, with split DC-link,
whose midpoint is connected to the mains neutral. Therefore, it provides very
stable potentials at the DC-link rails and accordingly can be classified as Zero-CM
topology, which facilitates a common-mode-free operation. When to be operated
at a single-phase supply, which is a common requirement for On-board chargers
(OBCs) this topology results in the voltage-doubler PFC (V2-PFC) being characterised
by a comparably large DC-link voltage ripple at mains frequency. If the DC-link
capacitance shall be minimized, for instance to avoid lifetime-limited electrolytic
capacitors, two more circuits in addition to the original V2-PFC are proposed
for keeping the common-mode-free operation: A balancing circuit (BC), that balances
the voltages over the split capacitors and a ripple port (RP), that buffers the
100 Hz power pulsation of the mains. For both circuits the available two bridge
legs of the three-phase topology in single-phase operation may be utilized. A
3.7 kW laboratory sample verifies the functionality of the additional circuits
in conjunction with the V2-PFC and achieves an efficiency of 95 %.'
author:
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Strothmann, Benjamin
id: '22556'
last_name: Strothmann
- first_name: Gerrit
full_name: Book, Gerrit
last_name: Book
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Strothmann B, Book G, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Single-Phase Operation of
Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger
with Minimized DC-Link. In: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2021; International Exhibition
and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and
Energy Management. ; 2021:1-8.'
apa: Strothmann, B., Book, G., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Single-Phase
Operation of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated
EV Charger with Minimized DC-Link. PCIM Europe Digital Days 2021; International
Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable
Energy and Energy Management, 1–8.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Strothmann_Book_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Single-Phase
Operation of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated
EV Charger with Minimized DC-Link}, booktitle={PCIM Europe digital days 2021;
International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion,
Renewable Energy and Energy Management}, author={Strothmann, Benjamin and Book,
Gerrit and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021}, pages={1–8}
}'
chicago: Strothmann, Benjamin, Gerrit Book, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker.
“Single-Phase Operation of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier
for Non-Isolated EV Charger with Minimized DC-Link.” In PCIM Europe Digital
Days 2021; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, 1–8, 2021.
ieee: B. Strothmann, G. Book, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Single-Phase Operation
of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV
Charger with Minimized DC-Link,” in PCIM Europe digital days 2021; International
Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable
Energy and Energy Management, 2021, pp. 1–8.
mla: Strothmann, Benjamin, et al. “Single-Phase Operation of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional
Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier for Non-Isolated EV Charger with Minimized DC-Link.”
PCIM Europe Digital Days 2021; International Exhibition and Conference for
Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management,
2021, pp. 1–8.
short: 'B. Strothmann, G. Book, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: PCIM Europe Digital
Days 2021; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, 2021, pp. 1–8.'
date_created: 2022-02-15T10:25:25Z
date_updated: 2022-02-23T15:45:03Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.vde-verlag.de/proceedings-de/565515130.html
page: 1-8
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2021; International Exhibition and Conference
for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Single-Phase Operation of Common-Mode-Free Bidirectional Three-Phase PFC-Rectifier
for Non-Isolated EV Charger with Minimized DC-Link
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29871'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "LLC resonant converters typically employ power\r\nMOSFETs in their inverter
stage. The generally weak reverse\r\nrecovery behaviour of the intrinsic body
diodes of those\r\nMOSFETs causes significant turn-on losses when being forced\r\nto
hard commutations. Continuous operation in this way will\r\nlead to self-destruction
of the transistors. Consequently,\r\nzero-voltage switching (ZVS) is essential
in a MOSFET-based\r\ninverter stage. To ensure ZVS, the LLC converter is operated
in\r\nthe inductive region. On the contrary, IGBTs show dominant\r\nturn-off losses
and are therefore conventionally not applied in\r\nLLC converters typically requiring
high switching frequencies\r\nto achieve low output voltages. However, if the
LLC converter\r\nis intentionally designed for capacitive operation, zero-current\r\nswitching
(ZCS) is enabled and thus robust and cost-efficient\r\nIGBTs can be applied in
the inverter stage. The aim of this work\r\nis to investigate the use IGBTs in
the inverter of an LLC\r\nconverter. The theory behind the capacitive operated
LLC is\r\nderived using a switched simulation model and compared with\r\nthe fundamental
harmonic approximation (FHA). The results\r\nprove FHA to be useless for practical
converter design. Instead,\r\na stress value analysis based on switched model
simulations is\r\nproposed to the design a capacitive operated LLC utilizing ZCS.\r\nA
2 kW prototype for on-board EV applications was built to\r\nverify the theory
and design approach. The prototype confirms\r\nthe derived theory and thus the
deployment of IGBTs in the\r\ninverter stage of LLC resonant converters. Synchronous\r\nrectification
turns out to require a specific control solution, but\r\nif given the resulting
efficiency in the most critical operation\r\npoint exceeds the value of a MOSFET-based
(inductive\r\noperated) LLC-design of an identical application. Therefore,\r\nthis
concept should be further developed."
author:
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Urbaneck, Daniel
id: '60223'
last_name: Urbaneck
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
citation:
ama: 'Urbaneck D, Rehlaender P, Böcker J, Schafmeister F. LLC Converter in Capacitive
Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept and Verification of a 2 kW
DC-DC Converter for EVs. In: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
and Exposition (APEC). ; 2021.'
apa: Urbaneck, D., Rehlaender, P., Böcker, J., & Schafmeister, F. (2021). LLC
Converter in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept and
Verification of a 2 kW DC-DC Converter for EVs. 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC). Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC),
Arizona.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Urbaneck_Rehlaender_Böcker_Schafmeister_2021, title={LLC
Converter in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept and
Verification of a 2 kW DC-DC Converter for EVs}, booktitle={2021 IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)}, author={Urbaneck, Daniel
and Rehlaender, Philipp and Böcker, Joachim and Schafmeister, Frank}, year={2021}
}'
chicago: Urbaneck, Daniel, Philipp Rehlaender, Joachim Böcker, and Frank Schafmeister.
“LLC Converter in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept
and Verification of a 2 KW DC-DC Converter for EVs.” In 2021 IEEE Applied Power
Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2021.
ieee: D. Urbaneck, P. Rehlaender, J. Böcker, and F. Schafmeister, “LLC Converter
in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept and Verification
of a 2 kW DC-DC Converter for EVs,” presented at the Applied Power Electronics
Conference (APEC), Arizona, 2021.
mla: Urbaneck, Daniel, et al. “LLC Converter in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS
for IGBTs – Theory, Concept and Verification of a 2 KW DC-DC Converter for EVs.”
2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2021.
short: 'D. Urbaneck, P. Rehlaender, J. Böcker, F. Schafmeister, in: 2021 IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-06-17
location: Arizona
name: Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC)
start_date: 2021-06-14
date_created: 2022-02-18T09:36:01Z
date_updated: 2022-02-23T16:12:38Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '52'
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9487109
publication: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
publication_status: published
status: public
title: LLC Converter in Capacitive Operation Utilizing ZCS for IGBTs – Theory, Concept
and Verification of a 2 kW DC-DC Converter for EVs
type: conference
user_id: '60223'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '30340'
author:
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Hagemeyer, Marc
last_name: Hagemeyer
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Wallmeier, Peter
last_name: Wallmeier
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Hagemeyer M, Wallmeier P, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Comparison of unidirectional
Three- and Four-Wire based Boost PFC-Rectifier Topologies for Non-Isolated Three-Phase
EV On-Board Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects. In: Proc. 36th IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference (APEC). IEEE; 2021:569-576.'
apa: Hagemeyer, M., Wallmeier, P., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Comparison
of unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire based Boost PFC-Rectifier Topologies for
Non-Isolated Three-Phase EV On-Board Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects. Proc.
36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC), 569–576.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Hagemeyer_Wallmeier_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, place={Phoenix,
AZ, USA}, title={Comparison of unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire based Boost
PFC-Rectifier Topologies for Non-Isolated Three-Phase EV On-Board Chargers under
Common-Mode Aspects}, booktitle={Proc. 36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
(APEC)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Hagemeyer, Marc and Wallmeier, Peter and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021}, pages={569–576} }'
chicago: 'Hagemeyer, Marc, Peter Wallmeier, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker.
“Comparison of Unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire Based Boost PFC-Rectifier Topologies
for Non-Isolated Three-Phase EV On-Board Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects.”
In Proc. 36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC), 569–76.
Phoenix, AZ, USA: IEEE, 2021.'
ieee: M. Hagemeyer, P. Wallmeier, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Comparison of
unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire based Boost PFC-Rectifier Topologies for Non-Isolated
Three-Phase EV On-Board Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects,” in Proc. 36th
IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC), Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2021,
pp. 569–576.
mla: Hagemeyer, Marc, et al. “Comparison of Unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire
Based Boost PFC-Rectifier Topologies for Non-Isolated Three-Phase EV On-Board
Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects.” Proc. 36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference (APEC), IEEE, 2021, pp. 569–76.
short: 'M. Hagemeyer, P. Wallmeier, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: Proc. 36th IEEE
Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC), IEEE, Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2021, pp.
569–576.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-06-17
location: Phoenix, AZ, USA
name: 36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC 21, Virtual Event)
start_date: 2021-06-14
date_created: 2022-03-15T19:39:22Z
date_updated: 2022-03-15T19:40:00Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 569 - 576
place: Phoenix, AZ, USA
publication: Proc. 36th IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Comparison of unidirectional Three- and Four-Wire based Boost PFC-Rectifier
Topologies for Non-Isolated Three-Phase EV On-Board Chargers under Common-Mode Aspects
type: conference
user_id: '71291'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '30348'
author:
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
citation:
ama: 'Schafmeister F. Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and Single-Phase
Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage. Power
System Design (PSD) Web Magazine. 2021.'
apa: 'Schafmeister, F. (2021). Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and Single-Phase
Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage. Power
System Design (PSD) Web Magazine.'
bibtex: '@article{Schafmeister_2021, title={Transformerless On-Board Chargers at
Three- and Single-Phase Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the
Internal DC/DC-Stage}, journal={Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine}, author={Schafmeister,
Frank}, year={2021} }'
chicago: 'Schafmeister, Frank. “Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and
Single-Phase Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage.”
Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine, 2021.'
ieee: 'F. Schafmeister, “Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and Single-Phase
Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage,”
Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine, 2021.'
mla: 'Schafmeister, Frank. “Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and Single-Phase
Operation: Compensation of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage.”
Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine, 2021.'
short: F. Schafmeister, Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine (2021).
date_created: 2022-03-16T12:31:45Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T12:31:56Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Power System Design (PSD) Web Magazine
publication_date: 2021-12-24
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Transformerless On-Board Chargers at Three- and Single-Phase Operation: Compensation
of LF Common-Mode Noise by the Internal DC/DC-Stage'
type: newspaper_article
user_id: '71291'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29938'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Modular solid-state transformers (SSTs) are a promising technology in converting
power from a 10kV three-phase medium voltage to a lower DC-voltage in the range
of 100…400V to provide pure DC power to applications such as electrolyzers for
hydrogen generation, data centers with a DC power distribution and DC micro grids.
Modular SSTs which can be interpreted as modular multilevel converters with an
isolated DC-DC output stage per module, are designed with redundant modules to
increase reliability. Usually, each of the three arms operates independently,
and therefore, only a fixed number of faulty modules can be compensated in each
arm, even if all modules are operational in the remaining two arms. With the proposed
zero-sequence voltage injection, up to 100% more faulty modules can be compensated
in an arm by employing the same hardware. In addition, module power imbalances
are nearly eliminated by utilizing a fundamental frequency zero-sequence voltage.
A dominant 3rd harmonic zero-sequence voltage injection in combination with the
5th, 7th and several higher order harmonics with adaptive (small) amplitudes minimize
the required arm voltages at steady-state. For nominal operation or symmetrical
faults, the proposed technique is equivalent to the well known Min-Max voltage
injection, which already reduces the peak arm voltage by 13.4% compared to a constant
star point potential. A statistical analysis proves, that the expected number
of tolerable faulty modules of the 1MW SST increases by 12% without the need for
additional hardware.
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Jarren
full_name: Lange, Jarren
id: '78801'
last_name: Lange
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Lange J, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Adaptive Zero-Sequence Voltage
Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer to Compensate for Asymmetrical Fault
Conditions. In: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’21 ECCE Europe). IEEE; 2021. doi:https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542'
apa: Unruh, R., Lange, J., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Adaptive Zero-Sequence
Voltage Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer to Compensate for Asymmetrical
Fault Conditions. 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’21 ECCE Europe). 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent, Belgium. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Lange_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Adaptive Zero-Sequence
Voltage Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer to Compensate for Asymmetrical
Fault Conditions}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542},
booktitle={23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21
ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Unruh, Roland and Lange, Jarren and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Jarren Lange, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Adaptive
Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer to Compensate
for Asymmetrical Fault Conditions.” In 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics
and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542.
ieee: 'R. Unruh, J. Lange, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Adaptive Zero-Sequence
Voltage Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer to Compensate for Asymmetrical
Fault Conditions,” presented at the 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics
and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent, Belgium, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “Adaptive Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection for Modular
Solid-State Transformer to Compensate for Asymmetrical Fault Conditions.” 23rd
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe),
IEEE, 2021, doi:https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542.
short: 'R. Unruh, J. Lange, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 23rd European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
location: Ghent, Belgium
name: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21 ECCE
Europe)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2022-02-21T16:31:34Z
date_updated: 2022-09-09T12:01:42Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570542
keyword:
- Solid-State Transformer
- Zero sequence voltage
- Fault handling strategy
- Power balance control technique
- Three-phase system
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9570542
publication: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21
ECCE Europe)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-9-0758-1537-5
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Adaptive Zero-Sequence Voltage Injection for Modular Solid-State Transformer
to Compensate for Asymmetrical Fault Conditions
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29893'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Phase-shift modulated full bridge converters suffer from thermal imbalances
of the inverter switches. The lagging leg switches are subject to larger commutation
currents compared to those of the leading leg as the transformer current reduces
in the freewheeling interval. Furthermore, after this interval, the energy in
the series inductance may not be large enough to achieve zero-voltage switching
(ZVS) for the leading leg. Both effects result in thermal imbalances. This paper
analyzes the alternating-asymmetrical phase-shift modulation to achieve balanced
conduction and switching losses for all four switches while showing that this
modulation is easily implemented on standard DSPs. The modulation has been implemented
to LLC converters where experimental measurement results proved its effectiveness
for LLC converters by reducing the temperature deviation from 6.3 K to only 0.2
K such that the peak temperature is reduced from 95 °C to 92 °C. The paper also
proves that the modulation can be utilized to improve the efficiency of LLC converters
operated at very low gains while simultaneously reducing the junction temperature
of all four switches compared to the conventional complementary modulation. Finally,
EMI implications are analyzed, which show that the modulation may be beneficial
for reducing the common-mode emissions around the operating frequency.
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Unruh R, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Alternating Asymmetrical
Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters with Balanced Switching Losses
to Reduce Thermal Imbalances. In: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
and Exposition (APEC). IEEE; 2021. doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Unruh, R., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2021). Alternating
Asymmetrical Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters with Balanced Switching
Losses to Reduce Thermal Imbalances. 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference
and Exposition (APEC). 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and
Exposition (APEC), Phoenix, AZ, USA. https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Unruh_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Alternating
Asymmetrical Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters with Balanced Switching
Losses to Reduce Thermal Imbalances}, DOI={10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104},
booktitle={2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)},
publisher={IEEE}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and Unruh, Roland and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Roland Unruh, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker.
“Alternating Asymmetrical Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters with
Balanced Switching Losses to Reduce Thermal Imbalances.” In 2021 IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104.
ieee: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Alternating Asymmetrical
Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters with Balanced Switching Losses
to Reduce Thermal Imbalances,” presented at the 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC), Phoenix, AZ, USA, 2021, doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104.'
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Alternating Asymmetrical Phase-Shift Modulation
for Full-Bridge Converters with Balanced Switching Losses to Reduce Thermal Imbalances.”
2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE,
2021, doi:10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2021 IEEE Applied
Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-06-17
location: Phoenix, AZ, USA
name: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
start_date: 2021-06-14
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:19:46Z
date_updated: 2023-10-20T11:50:25Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.1109/apec42165.2021.9487104
keyword:
- Phase-Shifted Full Bridge
- Full-Bridge Converter
- Phase-Shift Control
- Phase-Shift Modulation
- LLC Converter
- Thermal Balancing
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9487104
publication: 2021 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-1-7281-8950-5
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Alternating Asymmetrical Phase-Shift Modulation for Full-Bridge Converters
with Balanced Switching Losses to Reduce Thermal Imbalances
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29899'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: LLC resonant converters are typically unsuitable to be applied for wide voltage-transfer
ratio applications. With a full-bridge inverter, however, they can be operated
in a variety of different modulations. Most notably, by permanently turning on
one MOSFET and turning off the other MOSFET of the same bridge leg, the LLC can
be operated in half-bridge configuration reducing the gain by a factor of two.
The resonant capacitor is hereby charged to an average voltage of half the input
voltage. In this modulation, however, the switch that is permanently turned on
is stressed by the complete resonant current while exhibiting no switching losses.
This paper proves that the frequency-doubler modulation can better balance the
losses among all MOSFETs and should be the preferred mode of operation favored
over the conventional half-bridge modulation. This paper analyzes the beneficial
loss distribution, proposes an on-the-fly morphing modulation and discusses potential
operating strategies to further reduce the junction temperature. Furthermore,
it is shown that this modulation can also be altered to achieve the asymmetrical
LLC operation. Experimental measurement results show that the modulation results
in a substantial decrease of the maximum MOSFET temperature and shows that the
converter can be smoothly transitioned during operation from full-bridge modulation
to the frequency-doubler half-bridge operation and back.
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Lars
full_name: Hankeln, Lars
last_name: Hankeln
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Unruh R, Hankeln L, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration. In: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics
and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe). IEEE; 2021. doi:10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Unruh, R., Hankeln, L., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J.
(2021). Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC
Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration. 23rd European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe). 23rd European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent,
Belgium. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Unruh_Hankeln_Schafmeister_Böcker_2021, title={Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration}, DOI={10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674},
booktitle={23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21
ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and Unruh, Roland
and Hankeln, Lars and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2021} }'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Roland Unruh, Lars Hankeln, Frank Schafmeister, and
Joachim Böcker. “Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures
for LLC Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration.” In 23rd
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe).
IEEE, 2021. https://doi.org/10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.
ieee: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, L. Hankeln, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Frequency-Doubler
Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated
in Half-Bridge Configuration,” presented at the 23rd European Conference on Power
Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe), Ghent, Belgium, 2021, doi:
10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.'
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction
Temperatures for LLC Resonant Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration.”
23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE
Europe), IEEE, 2021, doi:10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, R. Unruh, L. Hankeln, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 23rd
European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’21 ECCE Europe),
IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
end_date: 2021-09-10
location: Ghent, Belgium
name: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21 ECCE
Europe)
start_date: 2021-09-06
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:29:48Z
date_updated: 2023-02-09T11:01:11Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.23919/EPE21ECCEEurope50061.2021.9570674
keyword:
- Resonant converter
- High frequency power converter
- Switched-mode power supply
- Converter control
- Control methods for electrical systems
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9570674
publication: 23rd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'21
ECCE Europe)
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-9-0758-1537-5
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Frequency-Doubler Modulation for Reduced Junction Temperatures for LLC Resonant
Converters Operated in Half-Bridge Configuration
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '29939'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this paper, a full-bridge modular multilevel converter (MMC) and two half-bridge-based
MMCs are evaluated for high-current low-voltage e.g. 100 - 400V DC-applications
such as electrolysis, arc welding or datacenters with DC-power distribution. Usually,
modular multilevel converters are used in high-voltage DC-applications (HVDC)
in the multiple kV-range, but to meet the needs of a high-current demand at low
output voltage levels, the modular converter concept requires adaptations. In
the proposed concept, the MMC is used to step-down the three-phase medium-voltage
of 10kV, and provide up to 1 MW to the load. Therefore, each module is extended
by an LLC resonant converter to adapt to the specific electrolyzers DC-voltage
range of 142 - 220V and to provide galvanic isolation. The six-arm MMC converter
with half-bridge modules can be simplified and optimized by removing three arms,
and thus halving the number of modules. In addition, the module voltage ripple
and capacitor losses are decreased by 22% and 30% respectively. By rearranging
the components of the half-bridge MMC to build a MMC consisting of grid-side full-bridge
modules, the voltage ripple is further reduced by 78% and capacitor losses by
64%, while ensuring identical costs and volume for all MMCs. Finally, the LLC
resonant converter is designed for the most efficient full-bridge MMC. The LLC
can not operate at resonance with a fixed nominal module voltage of 770V because
the output voltage is varying between 142 - 220V. By decreasing the module voltage
down to 600V, additional points of operation can be operated in resonance, and
the remaining are closer to resonance. The option to decrease the module voltage
down to 600V, increases the number of required modules per arm from 12 to 15,
which requires to balance the losses of the LLCs and the grid-side stages.
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage
DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design. In: 2020 22nd European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe). IEEE;
2020. doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687'
apa: Unruh, R., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). Evaluation of MMCs for
High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.
2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe). 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe), Lyon, France. https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={Evaluation of MMCs
for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design},
DOI={10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687},
booktitle={2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Unruh, Roland and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Evaluation of MMCs
for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.”
In 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.
ieee: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power
Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination with the Module LLC-Design,” presented
at the 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe), Lyon, France, 2020, doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.'
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications
in Combination with the Module LLC-Design.” 2020 22nd European Conference on
Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020, doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687.
short: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2020 22nd European Conference
on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-09-11
location: Lyon, France
name: 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20 ECCE
Europe)
start_date: 2020-09-07
date_created: 2022-02-21T16:33:14Z
date_updated: 2022-02-21T17:00:16Z
department:
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215687
keyword:
- Multilevel converters
- Resonant converter
- High voltage power converters
- ZVS Converters
- Combination MMC LLC
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9215687
publication: 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20
ECCE Europe)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Evaluation of MMCs for High-Power Low-Voltage DC-Applications in Combination
with the Module LLC-Design
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29894'
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Sergey
full_name: Tikhonov, Sergey
last_name: Tikhonov
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Tikhonov S, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Dual Interleaved 3.6 kW
LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode as a
Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC Converter. In: 2020
22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe).
IEEE; 2020. doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Tikhonov, S., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). Dual
Interleaved 3.6 kW LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift
Mode as a Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC Converter.
2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20
ECCE Europe). https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Tikhonov_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={Dual
Interleaved 3.6 kW LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift
Mode as a Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC Converter},
DOI={10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736},
booktitle={2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and Tikhonov,
Sergey and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Sergey Tikhonov, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker.
“Dual Interleaved 3.6 KW LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and
Phase-Shift Mode as a Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC
Converter.” In 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications
(EPE’20 ECCE Europe). IEEE, 2020. https://doi.org/10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736.
ieee: 'P. Rehlaender, S. Tikhonov, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Dual Interleaved
3.6 kW LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode
as a Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC Converter,” 2020,
doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736.'
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “Dual Interleaved 3.6 KW LLC Converter Operating
in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode as a Single-Stage Architecture
of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC Converter.” 2020 22nd European Conference on
Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020, doi:10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, S. Tikhonov, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: 2020 22nd European
Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’20 ECCE Europe), IEEE, 2020.'
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:20:00Z
date_updated: 2022-02-22T08:28:40Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
doi: 10.23919/epe20ecceeurope43536.2020.9215736
language:
- iso: eng
publication: 2020 22nd European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'20
ECCE Europe)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Dual Interleaved 3.6 kW LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge
and Phase-Shift Mode as a Single-Stage Architecture of an Automotive On-Board DC-DC
Converter
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29896'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Automotive DC-DC converters linking the traction battery to the auxiliary
battery are characterized by the wide input and output voltage ranges resulting
from the varying state-of-charge of the traction and auxiliary battery. The wide
voltage transfer ratio needs to be covered for the entire load range conventionally
requiring two-stage converter architectures. Considering a less complex single-stage
solution potentially enabling cost and weight advantages, traditional LLC converters
are unsuitable topologies since it results in a too wide operating frequency range.
Most alternative topology candidates show comparable difficulties. To overcome
this issue, the gain range of the LLC with full-bridge inverter can be extended
by operation in half-bridge mode for low voltage transfer ratios. Phase-shift
operation is utilized for intermediate gains and low loads. This paper describes
a detailed design methodology for the resonant tank. The experimental results
with a peak efficiency of 96.5 % and a power density of 2.1 kW/l prove the proposed
concept.
author:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Grote, Tobias
last_name: Grote
- first_name: Sergey
full_name: Tikhonov, Sergey
last_name: Tikhonov
- first_name: Schröder
full_name: Mario, Schröder
last_name: Mario
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rehlaender P, Grote T, Tikhonov S, Mario S, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. A 3,6
kW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift
Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC Conversion. In: PCIM Europe Digital Days
2020. ; 2020.'
apa: Rehlaender, P., Grote, T., Tikhonov, S., Mario, S., Schafmeister, F., &
Böcker, J. (2020). A 3,6 kW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge,
Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC Conversion. PCIM
Europe Digital Days 2020. Power Conversion and Intelligent Motion (PCIM),
Nürnberg.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rehlaender_Grote_Tikhonov_Mario_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020,
title={A 3,6 kW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge
and Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC Conversion}, booktitle={PCIM
Europe digital days 2020}, author={Rehlaender, Philipp and Grote, Tobias and Tikhonov,
Sergey and Mario, Schröder and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020}
}'
chicago: Rehlaender, Philipp, Tobias Grote, Sergey Tikhonov, Schröder Mario, Frank
Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “A 3,6 KW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating
in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC
Conversion.” In PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.
ieee: P. Rehlaender, T. Grote, S. Tikhonov, S. Mario, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker,
“A 3,6 kW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and
Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC Conversion,” presented at the Power
Conversion and Intelligent Motion (PCIM), Nürnberg, 2020.
mla: Rehlaender, Philipp, et al. “A 3,6 KW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating
in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC
Conversion.” PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.
short: 'P. Rehlaender, T. Grote, S. Tikhonov, S. Mario, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker,
in: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-07-08
location: Nürnberg
name: Power Conversion and Intelligent Motion (PCIM)
start_date: 2020-07-07
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:23:34Z
date_updated: 2022-02-23T14:52:41Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9177997
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2020
status: public
title: A 3,6 kW Single-Stage LLC Converter Operating in Half-Bridge, Full-Bridge and
Phase-Shift Mode for Automotive Onboard DC-DC Conversion
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29898'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: An onboard DC-DC converter connects the high voltage traction battery to the
low voltage auxiliary battery of an EV. It has to provide power across a wide
range of input and output voltages. This paper presents the design and evaluation
of an economical two-stage converter concept consisting of a first-stage boost
converter and a second-stage LLC converter. While for low input voltages, the
boost converter can supply the second-stage LLC with the optimum bulk voltage,
for high input voltages, the boost converter is turned off and the LLC regulates
the output voltage on its own. Whereas this is unproblematic for high output currents,
for low loads high switching frequencies become necessary. For this purpose, the
LLC needs to be designed for a wide gain range. Traditionally, this is achieved
through a small magnetizing inductance resulting in increased conduction losses.
If an asymmetric duty cycle operation is used to cover the low gains at low output
current, the LLC can be optimized for a better efficiency. A prototype design
proves that the asymmetric duty cycle operation is feasible to achieve a wide
gain range at a high efficiency whereas the conventional design achieves very
poor efficiencies.
author:
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Rüschenbaum, Tobias
last_name: Rüschenbaum
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Phuong
full_name: Ha, Phuong
last_name: Ha
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Grote, Tobias
last_name: Grote
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Rüschenbaum T, Rehlaender P, Ha P, Grote T, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Two-Stage
Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with Wide Voltage-Transfer Range Utilizing Asymmetric
LLC Operation. In: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020. ; 2020.'
apa: Rüschenbaum, T., Rehlaender, P., Ha, P., Grote, T., Schafmeister, F., &
Böcker, J. (2020). Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with Wide Voltage-Transfer
Range Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation. PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020.
PCIM Europe digital days 2020.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüschenbaum_Rehlaender_Ha_Grote_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020,
title={Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with Wide Voltage-Transfer
Range Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation}, booktitle={PCIM Europe digital days
2020}, author={Rüschenbaum, Tobias and Rehlaender, Philipp and Ha, Phuong and
Grote, Tobias and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Rüschenbaum, Tobias, Philipp Rehlaender, Phuong Ha, Tobias Grote, Frank
Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design
with Wide Voltage-Transfer Range Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation.” In PCIM
Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.
ieee: T. Rüschenbaum, P. Rehlaender, P. Ha, T. Grote, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker,
“Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with Wide Voltage-Transfer Range
Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation,” presented at the PCIM Europe digital days
2020, 2020.
mla: Rüschenbaum, Tobias, et al. “Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with
Wide Voltage-Transfer Range Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation.” PCIM Europe
Digital Days 2020, 2020.
short: 'T. Rüschenbaum, P. Rehlaender, P. Ha, T. Grote, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker,
in: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-07-08
name: PCIM Europe digital days 2020
start_date: 2020-07-07
date_created: 2022-02-20T21:28:08Z
date_updated: 2022-02-23T14:51:13Z
department:
- _id: '34'
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9177998
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2020
status: public
title: Two-Stage Automotive DC-DC Converter Design with Wide Voltage-Transfer Range
Utilizing Asymmetric LLC Operation
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29874'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "LLC resonant converters generally employ MOSFETs in the inverter stage, which
can be of half-bridge\r\n(HB) or full-bridge (FB) type. The generally weak intrinsic
(body) diodes of the MOSFETs cause turn-on\r\nlosses when being forced to hard
current commutations finally leading to the components self-destruction when operated
constantly in this way. Consequently, zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operation is
more or less essential in a silicon (Si) MOSFET-based HB or FB. To ensure ZVS,
the LLC is operated in the inductive region, i.e. with lagging resonant current.
On the contrary, IGBTs show dominant turn-off losses\r\nand therefore are conventionally
not applied in LLCs typically requiring high switching frequencies to achieve
low output voltages. Yet, if the LLC is intentionally designed for the capacitive
region, i. e.\r\noperation with leading current, zero-current switching (ZCS)
enabling IGBTs in the inverter stage can be ensured. This paper explores in detail
the LLC in the capacitive operating region and gives design considerations for
a capacitive LLC utilizing both robust and cost-efficient IGBTs for an exemplary
2.2 kW\r\nautomotive on-board DC-DC converter application. The results of a loss
analysis show that the LLC resonant converter can be operated well in the capacitive
region. In the given case, significantly lower\r\noverall and 30 % lower inverter
stage losses are achieved in the thermally relevant worst-case comparison with
an inductive LLC based on Si MOSFETs."
author:
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Urbaneck, Daniel
id: '60223'
last_name: Urbaneck
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Rehlaender, Philipp
id: '69469'
last_name: Rehlaender
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: ' https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8480-7295'
citation:
ama: 'Urbaneck D, Rehlaender P, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. LLC Converter Design in
Capacitive Operation utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept Study for a 2.2 kW Automotive
DC-DC Stage. In: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020. ; 2020.'
apa: Urbaneck, D., Rehlaender, P., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). LLC
Converter Design in Capacitive Operation utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept Study
for a 2.2 kW Automotive DC-DC Stage. PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020. Power
Conversion and Intelligent Motion (PCIM), Nürnberg.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Urbaneck_Rehlaender_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={LLC
Converter Design in Capacitive Operation utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept Study
for a 2.2 kW Automotive DC-DC Stage}, booktitle={PCIM Europe digital days 2020},
author={Urbaneck, Daniel and Rehlaender, Philipp and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker,
Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Urbaneck, Daniel, Philipp Rehlaender, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker.
“LLC Converter Design in Capacitive Operation Utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept
Study for a 2.2 KW Automotive DC-DC Stage.” In PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020,
2020.
ieee: D. Urbaneck, P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “LLC Converter
Design in Capacitive Operation utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept Study for a
2.2 kW Automotive DC-DC Stage,” presented at the Power Conversion and Intelligent
Motion (PCIM), Nürnberg, 2020.
mla: Urbaneck, Daniel, et al. “LLC Converter Design in Capacitive Operation Utilizes
ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept Study for a 2.2 KW Automotive DC-DC Stage.” PCIM
Europe Digital Days 2020, 2020.
short: 'D. Urbaneck, P. Rehlaender, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: PCIM Europe
Digital Days 2020, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-07-08
location: Nürnberg
name: Power Conversion and Intelligent Motion (PCIM)
start_date: 2020-07-07
date_created: 2022-02-18T09:42:28Z
date_updated: 2022-02-23T16:12:56Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '52'
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9178220
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2020
status: public
title: LLC Converter Design in Capacitive Operation utilizes ZCS for IGBTs – a Concept
Study for a 2.2 kW Automotive DC-DC Stage
type: conference
user_id: '60223'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '30339'
author:
- first_name: Mohsin Ejaz
full_name: Ahmmad, Mohsin Ejaz
last_name: Ahmmad
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Ahmmad ME, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Practical Implementation and Verification
of Simple-to-Implement Digital Current Observer for Half-Bridge Topologies. In:
Proc. IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM Digital Days). IEEE;
2020.'
apa: Ahmmad, M. E., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020). Practical Implementation
and Verification of Simple-to-Implement Digital Current Observer for Half-Bridge
Topologies. Proc. IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM Digital Days).
IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM 20 digital days), Nuremberg,
Germany.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Ahmmad_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, place={Nuremberg, Germany},
title={Practical Implementation and Verification of Simple-to-Implement Digital
Current Observer for Half-Bridge Topologies}, booktitle={Proc. IEEE International
Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable
Energy and Energy Management (PCIM digital days)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Ahmmad,
Mohsin Ejaz and Schafmeister, Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: 'Ahmmad, Mohsin Ejaz, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim Böcker. “Practical
Implementation and Verification of Simple-to-Implement Digital Current Observer
for Half-Bridge Topologies.” In Proc. IEEE International Exhibition and Conference
for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management
(PCIM Digital Days). Nuremberg, Germany: IEEE, 2020.'
ieee: M. E. Ahmmad, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Practical Implementation and
Verification of Simple-to-Implement Digital Current Observer for Half-Bridge Topologies,”
presented at the IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM 20 digital days),
Nuremberg, Germany, 2020.
mla: Ahmmad, Mohsin Ejaz, et al. “Practical Implementation and Verification of Simple-to-Implement
Digital Current Observer for Half-Bridge Topologies.” Proc. IEEE International
Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable
Energy and Energy Management (PCIM Digital Days), IEEE, 2020.
short: 'M.E. Ahmmad, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: Proc. IEEE International Exhibition
and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and
Energy Management (PCIM Digital Days), IEEE, Nuremberg, Germany, 2020.'
conference:
location: Nuremberg, Germany
name: IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM 20 digital days)
date_created: 2022-03-15T19:34:24Z
date_updated: 2022-03-15T19:34:42Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Nuremberg, Germany
publication: Proc. IEEE International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management (PCIM digital days)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Practical Implementation and Verification of Simple-to-Implement Digital Current
Observer for Half-Bridge Topologies
type: conference
user_id: '71291'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '30362'
application_date: 2019-05-23
application_number: 'PCT/DE 2020/100377 '
author:
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
citation:
ama: Schafmeister F. Apparatus and method for charging an electric battery vehicle.
Published online 2020.
apa: Schafmeister, F. (2020). Apparatus and method for charging an electric battery
vehicle.
bibtex: '@article{Schafmeister_2020, title={Apparatus and method for charging an
electric battery vehicle}, author={Schafmeister, Frank}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Schafmeister, Frank. “Apparatus and Method for Charging an Electric Battery
Vehicle,” 2020.
ieee: F. Schafmeister, “Apparatus and method for charging an electric battery vehicle.”
2020.
mla: Schafmeister, Frank. Apparatus and Method for Charging an Electric Battery
Vehicle. 2020.
short: F. Schafmeister, (2020).
date_created: 2022-03-16T15:38:39Z
date_updated: 2022-03-16T16:28:30Z
department:
- _id: '52'
ipc: WO 2020233741 A1
ipn: WO 2020233741 A1
page: '39'
publication_date: 2020-11-26
status: public
title: Apparatus and method for charging an electric battery vehicle
type: patent
user_id: '71291'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '29940'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A full-bridge modular multilevel converter (MMC) is compared to a half-bridge-based
MMC for high-current low-voltage DC-applications such as electrolysis, arc welding
or datacenters with DC-power distribution. Usually, modular multilevel converters
are used in high-voltage DC-applications (HVDC) in the multiple kV-range, but
to meet the needs of a high-current demand at low output voltage levels, the modular
converter concept requires adaptations. In the proposed concept, the MMC is used
to step-down the three-phase medium-voltage of 10 kV. Therefore, each module is
extended by an LLC resonant converter to adapt to the specific electrolyzers DC-voltage
range of 142-220V and to provide galvanic isolation. The proposed MMC converter
with full-bridge modules uses half the number of modules compared to a half-bridge-based
MMC while reducing the voltage ripple by 78% and capacitor losses by 64% by rearranging
the same components to ensure identical costs and volume. For additional reliability,
a new robust algorithm for balancing conduction losses during the bypass phase
is presented.
author:
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Unruh, Roland
id: '34289'
last_name: Unruh
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Norbert
full_name: Fröhleke, Norbert
last_name: Fröhleke
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Unruh R, Schafmeister F, Fröhleke N, Böcker J. 1-MW Full-Bridge MMC for High-Current
Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications. In: PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020;
International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion,
Renewable Energy and Energy Management. VDE; 2020.'
apa: Unruh, R., Schafmeister, F., Fröhleke, N., & Böcker, J. (2020). 1-MW Full-Bridge
MMC for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications. PCIM Europe Digital
Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management. PCIM Europe digital days 2020,
Germany.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Unruh_Schafmeister_Fröhleke_Böcker_2020, title={1-MW Full-Bridge
MMC for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications}, booktitle={PCIM
Europe digital days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management}, publisher={VDE},
author={Unruh, Roland and Schafmeister, Frank and Fröhleke, Norbert and Böcker,
Joachim}, year={2020} }'
chicago: Unruh, Roland, Frank Schafmeister, Norbert Fröhleke, and Joachim Böcker.
“1-MW Full-Bridge MMC for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications.”
In PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for
Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management.
VDE, 2020.
ieee: R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, N. Fröhleke, and J. Böcker, “1-MW Full-Bridge MMC
for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications,” presented at the PCIM
Europe digital days 2020, Germany, 2020.
mla: Unruh, Roland, et al. “1-MW Full-Bridge MMC for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V)
DC-Applications.” PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020; International Exhibition and
Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy
Management, VDE, 2020.
short: 'R. Unruh, F. Schafmeister, N. Fröhleke, J. Böcker, in: PCIM Europe Digital
Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, VDE, 2020.'
conference:
end_date: 2020-07-08
location: Germany
name: PCIM Europe digital days 2020
start_date: 2020-07-07
date_created: 2022-02-21T16:42:30Z
date_updated: 2023-10-20T11:52:39Z
department:
- _id: '52'
keyword:
- Cascaded H-Bridge
- Solid-State Transformer
- Capacitor voltage ripple
- Zero sequence voltage
- Full-Bridge
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9178138
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference
for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-8007-5245-4
publication_status: published
publisher: VDE
status: public
title: 1-MW Full-Bridge MMC for High-Current Low-Voltage (100V-400V) DC-Applications
type: conference
user_id: '34289'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '30001'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Heat dissipation is a limiting factor in the performance of many power electronic
components. Especially in the TO-263-7 package, which is used for several SiC-MOSFETs,
the heat transfer must take place through the cross section of the printed circuit
board (PCB) to the heatsink at the bottom side. Most commonly, thermal vias are
used to form this path in a perpendicular direction through all PCB-layers. In
a given soft- and hard switched example applications with the use of C3M0065090J
SiC-MOSFETs, this conventional approach limited the component’s maximum heat dissipation
to approx. 13 W. A recent alternative approach are massive copper blocks (”pedestals”)
being integrated in PCBs and reaching from their top- to the bottom-side in relevant
footprint areas under SMD-housed power semiconductors. Pedestals allowing to increase
the heat dissipation in the given case to even 36 W. This step is achieved due
to the clearly superior heat spreading capability of that massive thermal connection
between SiC-MOSFET and heatsink. For the hard switched example application the
number of switch-elements can be halved to one, by using the pedestal instead
of thermal vias. Independently of optimizing the heat transfer path, the up-front
avoidance of losses helps to stay within existing heat dissipation limits, of
course. The dominant conduction losses of the mentioned soft-switched example
application could be halved by changing to SiC-MOSFET types with significant lowered
RDSon. By using pedestals and changing to SiC-MOSFETs with lowered RDSon, the
number of switch-elements can also be halved for the soft switched application.
author:
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Strothmann, Benjamin
id: '22556'
last_name: Strothmann
- first_name: Till
full_name: Piepenbrock, Till
last_name: Piepenbrock
- first_name: Frank
full_name: Schafmeister, Frank
id: '71291'
last_name: Schafmeister
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Böcker, Joachim
id: '66'
last_name: Böcker
orcid: 0000-0002-8480-7295
citation:
ama: 'Strothmann B, Piepenbrock T, Schafmeister F, Böcker J. Heat dissipation strategies
for silicon carbide power SMDs and their use in different applications. In: PCIM
Europe Digital Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management. ; 2020:1-7.'
apa: Strothmann, B., Piepenbrock, T., Schafmeister, F., & Böcker, J. (2020).
Heat dissipation strategies for silicon carbide power SMDs and their use in different
applications. PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference
for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management,
1–7.
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Strothmann_Piepenbrock_Schafmeister_Böcker_2020, title={Heat
dissipation strategies for silicon carbide power SMDs and their use in different
applications}, booktitle={PCIM Europe digital days 2020; International Exhibition
and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and
Energy Management}, author={Strothmann, Benjamin and Piepenbrock, Till and Schafmeister,
Frank and Böcker, Joachim}, year={2020}, pages={1–7} }'
chicago: Strothmann, Benjamin, Till Piepenbrock, Frank Schafmeister, and Joachim
Böcker. “Heat Dissipation Strategies for Silicon Carbide Power SMDs and Their
Use in Different Applications.” In PCIM Europe Digital Days 2020; International
Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable
Energy and Energy Management, 1–7, 2020.
ieee: B. Strothmann, T. Piepenbrock, F. Schafmeister, and J. Böcker, “Heat dissipation
strategies for silicon carbide power SMDs and their use in different applications,”
in PCIM Europe digital days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for
Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management,
2020, pp. 1–7.
mla: Strothmann, Benjamin, et al. “Heat Dissipation Strategies for Silicon Carbide
Power SMDs and Their Use in Different Applications.” PCIM Europe Digital Days
2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics, Intelligent
Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, 2020, pp. 1–7.
short: 'B. Strothmann, T. Piepenbrock, F. Schafmeister, J. Böcker, in: PCIM Europe
Digital Days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference for Power Electronics,
Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management, 2020, pp. 1–7.'
date_created: 2022-02-23T14:14:58Z
date_updated: 2023-10-20T12:23:18Z
department:
- _id: '52'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-7
publication: PCIM Europe digital days 2020; International Exhibition and Conference
for Power Electronics, Intelligent Motion, Renewable Energy and Energy Management
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Heat dissipation strategies for silicon carbide power SMDs and their use in
different applications
type: conference
user_id: '66'
year: '2020'
...