---
_id: '61421'
author:
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Battefeld, Dominik
  id: '91864'
  last_name: Battefeld
  orcid: 0000-0002-5480-0594
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
citation:
  ama: 'Battefeld D, Kopp S. Implementing a computational cognitive process model
    of medical diagnostic reasoning. In: <i>Proceedings of KogWis 2025: Conference
    of the German Cognitive Science Society</i>. ; 2025.'
  apa: 'Battefeld, D., &#38; Kopp, S. (2025). Implementing a computational cognitive
    process model of medical diagnostic reasoning. <i>Proceedings of KogWis 2025:
    Conference of the German Cognitive Science Society</i>. Flexible Minds: Situated
    and Comparative Perspectives (KogWis 2025), Bochum, Germany.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Battefeld_Kopp_2025, title={Implementing a computational
    cognitive process model of medical diagnostic reasoning}, booktitle={Proceedings
    of KogWis 2025: Conference of the German Cognitive Science Society}, author={Battefeld,
    Dominik and Kopp, Stefan}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Battefeld, Dominik, and Stefan Kopp. “Implementing a Computational Cognitive
    Process Model of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning.” In <i>Proceedings of KogWis 2025:
    Conference of the German Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2025.'
  ieee: 'D. Battefeld and S. Kopp, “Implementing a computational cognitive process
    model of medical diagnostic reasoning,” presented at the Flexible Minds: Situated
    and Comparative Perspectives (KogWis 2025), Bochum, Germany, 2025.'
  mla: 'Battefeld, Dominik, and Stefan Kopp. “Implementing a Computational Cognitive
    Process Model of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning.” <i>Proceedings of KogWis 2025:
    Conference of the German Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2025.'
  short: 'D. Battefeld, S. Kopp, in: Proceedings of KogWis 2025: Conference of the
    German Cognitive Science Society, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-09-03
  location: Bochum, Germany
  name: 'Flexible Minds: Situated and Comparative Perspectives (KogWis 2025)'
  start_date: 2025-09-01
date_created: 2025-09-23T15:05:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-23T15:09:23Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '128'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject C5
publication: 'Proceedings of KogWis 2025: Conference of the German Cognitive Science
  Society'
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Implementing a computational cognitive process model of medical diagnostic
  reasoning
type: conference
user_id: '91864'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '56844'
author:
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Battefeld, Dominik
  id: '91864'
  last_name: Battefeld
  orcid: 0000-0002-5480-0594
- first_name: Felix
  full_name: Liedeker, Felix
  id: '93275'
  last_name: Liedeker
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Cimiano, Philipp
  last_name: Cimiano
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
citation:
  ama: 'Battefeld D, Liedeker F, Cimiano P, Kopp S. ASCODI: An XAI-based interactive
    reasoning support system for justifiable medical diagnosing. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive EXplainable AI (MAI-XAI)</i>.
    ; 2024.'
  apa: 'Battefeld, D., Liedeker, F., Cimiano, P., &#38; Kopp, S. (2024). ASCODI: An
    XAI-based interactive reasoning support system for justifiable medical diagnosing.
    <i>Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive EXplainable
    AI (MAI-XAI)</i>. European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), Santiago
    de Compostela, Spain.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Battefeld_Liedeker_Cimiano_Kopp_2024, title={ASCODI: An
    XAI-based interactive reasoning support system for justifiable medical diagnosing},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive
    eXplainable AI (MAI-XAI)}, author={Battefeld, Dominik and Liedeker, Felix and
    Cimiano, Philipp and Kopp, Stefan}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: 'Battefeld, Dominik, Felix Liedeker, Philipp Cimiano, and Stefan Kopp.
    “ASCODI: An XAI-Based Interactive Reasoning Support System for Justifiable Medical
    Diagnosing.” In <i>Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and
    Interactive EXplainable AI (MAI-XAI)</i>, 2024.'
  ieee: 'D. Battefeld, F. Liedeker, P. Cimiano, and S. Kopp, “ASCODI: An XAI-based
    interactive reasoning support system for justifiable medical diagnosing,” presented
    at the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI), Santiago de Compostela,
    Spain, 2024.'
  mla: 'Battefeld, Dominik, et al. “ASCODI: An XAI-Based Interactive Reasoning Support
    System for Justifiable Medical Diagnosing.” <i>Proceedings of the 1st Workshop
    on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive EXplainable AI (MAI-XAI)</i>, 2024.'
  short: 'D. Battefeld, F. Liedeker, P. Cimiano, S. Kopp, in: Proceedings of the 1st
    Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive EXplainable AI (MAI-XAI), 2024.'
conference:
  end_date: 2024-10-24
  location: Santiago de Compostela, Spain
  name: European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI)
  start_date: 2024-10-19
date_created: 2024-10-31T09:54:27Z
date_updated: 2024-10-31T09:57:13Z
ddc:
- '000'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: doba2
  date_created: 2024-10-31T09:53:24Z
  date_updated: 2024-10-31T09:53:24Z
  file_id: '56845'
  file_name: paper2.pdf
  file_size: 519095
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-10-31T09:53:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '128'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C5: TRR 318 - Subproject C5'
publication: Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Multimodal, Affective and Interactive
  eXplainable AI (MAI-XAI)
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'ASCODI: An XAI-based interactive reasoning support system for justifiable
  medical diagnosing'
type: conference
user_id: '91864'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '55429'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A detailed understanding of the cognitive process underlying diagnostic reasoning
    in medical experts is currently lacking. While high-level theories like hypothetico-deductive
    reasoning were proposed long ago, the inner workings of the step-by-step dynamics
    within the mind remain unknown. We present a fully automated approach to elicit,
    monitor, and record diagnostic reasoning processes at a fine-grained level. A
    web-based user interface enables physicians to carry out a full diagnosis process
    on a simulated patient, given as a pre-defined clinical vignette. By collecting
    the physician’s information queries and hypothesis revisions, highly detailed
    diagnostic reasoning trajectories are captured leading to a diagnosis and its
    justification. Four expert epileptologists with a mean experience of 19 years
    were recruited to evaluate the system and share their impressions in semi-structured
    interviews. We find that the recorded trajectories validate proposed theories
    on broader diagnostic reasoning, while also providing valuable additional details
    extending previous findings.
author:
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Battefeld, Dominik
  id: '91864'
  last_name: Battefeld
  orcid: 0000-0002-5480-0594
- first_name: Sigrid
  full_name: Mues, Sigrid
  last_name: Mues
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Wehner, Tim
  last_name: Wehner
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: House, Patrick
  last_name: House
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Kellinghaus, Christoph
  last_name: Kellinghaus
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Wellmer, Jörg
  last_name: Wellmer
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
citation:
  ama: 'Battefeld D, Mues S, Wehner T, et al. Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic
    Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories. In: <i>Proceedings of
    the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>. ; 2024.'
  apa: Battefeld, D., Mues, S., Wehner, T., House, P., Kellinghaus, C., Wellmer, J.,
    &#38; Kopp, S. (2024). Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning
    as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories. <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual
    Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>. The Annual Meeting of the Cognitive
    Science Society, Rotterdam, NL.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Battefeld_Mues_Wehner_House_Kellinghaus_Wellmer_Kopp_2024,
    title={Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step
    Cognitive Process Trajectories}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference
    of the Cognitive Science Society}, author={Battefeld, Dominik and Mues, Sigrid
    and Wehner, Tim and House, Patrick and Kellinghaus, Christoph and Wellmer, Jörg
    and Kopp, Stefan}, year={2024} }'
  chicago: Battefeld, Dominik, Sigrid Mues, Tim Wehner, Patrick House, Christoph Kellinghaus,
    Jörg Wellmer, and Stefan Kopp. “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning
    as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories.” In <i>Proceedings of the 46th
    Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2024.
  ieee: D. Battefeld <i>et al.</i>, “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic
    Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories,” presented at the The
    Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Rotterdam, NL, 2024.
  mla: Battefeld, Dominik, et al. “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning
    as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories.” <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual
    Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2024.
  short: 'D. Battefeld, S. Mues, T. Wehner, P. House, C. Kellinghaus, J. Wellmer,
    S. Kopp, in: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science
    Society, 2024.'
conference:
  end_date: 2024-07-27
  location: Rotterdam, NL
  name: The Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society
  start_date: 2024-07-24
date_created: 2024-07-30T08:17:35Z
date_updated: 2025-09-23T15:11:19Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '660'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: doba2
  date_created: 2024-07-30T08:21:13Z
  date_updated: 2024-07-30T08:21:13Z
  file_id: '55430'
  file_name: Battefeld_2024_Revealing-the-dynamics.pdf
  file_size: 486513
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-07-30T08:21:13Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Differential Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Reasoning
- Reasoning Process Analysis
- Seizure
- Epilepsy
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '128'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C5: TRR 318 - Subproject C5'
publication: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive
  Process Trajectories
type: conference
user_id: '91864'
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '51343'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper presents preliminary work on the formalization of three prominent
    cognitive biases in the diagnostic reasoning process over epileptic seizures,
    psychogenic seizures and syncopes. Diagnostic reasoning is understood as iterative
    exploration of medical evidence. This exploration is represented as a partially
    observable Markov decision process where the state (i.e., the correct diagnosis)
    is uncertain. Observation likelihoods and belief updates are computed using a
    Bayesian network which defines the interrelation between medical risk factors,
    diagnoses and potential findings. The decision problem is solved via partially
    observable upper confidence bounds for trees in Monte-Carlo planning. We compute
    a biased diagnostic exploration policy by altering the generated state transition,
    observation and reward during look ahead simulations. The resulting diagnostic
    policies reproduce reasoning errors which have only been described informally
    in the medical literature. We plan to use this formal representation in the future
    to inversely detect and classify biased reasoning in actual diagnostic trajectories
    obtained from physicians.
author:
- first_name: Dominik
  full_name: Battefeld, Dominik
  id: '91864'
  last_name: Battefeld
  orcid: 0000-0002-5480-0594
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
citation:
  ama: 'Battefeld D, Kopp S. Formalizing cognitive biases in medical diagnostic reasoning.
    In: <i>Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive Reasoning</i>.
    ; 2022.'
  apa: Battefeld, D., &#38; Kopp, S. (2022). Formalizing cognitive biases in medical
    diagnostic reasoning. <i>Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive
    Reasoning</i>. 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive Reasoning (FCR), Trier.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Battefeld_Kopp_2022, title={Formalizing cognitive biases
    in medical diagnostic reasoning}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on
    Formal and Cognitive Reasoning}, author={Battefeld, Dominik and Kopp, Stefan},
    year={2022} }'
  chicago: Battefeld, Dominik, and Stefan Kopp. “Formalizing Cognitive Biases in Medical
    Diagnostic Reasoning.” In <i>Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive
    Reasoning</i>, 2022.
  ieee: D. Battefeld and S. Kopp, “Formalizing cognitive biases in medical diagnostic
    reasoning,” presented at the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive Reasoning (FCR),
    Trier, 2022.
  mla: Battefeld, Dominik, and Stefan Kopp. “Formalizing Cognitive Biases in Medical
    Diagnostic Reasoning.” <i>Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive
    Reasoning</i>, 2022.
  short: 'D. Battefeld, S. Kopp, in: Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and
    Cognitive Reasoning, 2022.'
conference:
  end_date: 2022-09-23
  location: Trier
  name: 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive Reasoning (FCR)
  start_date: '2022-09-19 '
date_created: 2024-02-14T09:06:04Z
date_updated: 2024-10-31T10:00:01Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '660'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: doba2
  date_created: 2024-10-31T09:59:46Z
  date_updated: 2024-10-31T09:59:46Z
  file_id: '56846'
  file_name: paper8.pdf
  file_size: 261528
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-10-31T09:59:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Diagnostic reasoning
- Cognitive bias
- Cognitive model
- POMDP
- Bayesian network
- Epilepsy
- CDSS
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '128'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C5: TRR 318 - Subproject C5'
publication: Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Formal and Cognitive Reasoning
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Formalizing cognitive biases in medical diagnostic reasoning
type: conference
user_id: '91864'
year: '2022'
...