--- _id: '61220' abstract: - lang: eng text: This chapter presents recurring structures of interactions—and their associated goals—as they occur in explaining processes. It explores how explanations are not delivered in isolation but unfold through dynamic, structured sequences of interaction between participants. Beginning with the smallest units, we examine how individual dialog acts and multimodal signals form micro-patterns within turns. These, in turn, compose meso-level structures such as pragmatic frames, that organize sequences of interaction into meaningful, goal-oriented episodes. At the macro-level, we identify common types of explanatory dialogues, such as inquiry, information-seeking, or deliberation, which are shaped by participants’ goals and situational demands. The chapter highlights how these abstract patterns of structure are instantiated differently across social and situational contexts and proposes that understanding them is crucial for designing socially intelligent and adaptive XAI systems. By analyzing how these structures emerge and function, we o!er a framework for operationalizing explanation structures in a way that supports co-constructive and context-sensitive human-AI interaction. author: - first_name: Patricia full_name: Jimenez, Patricia id: '103339' last_name: Jimenez - first_name: Anna Lisa full_name: Vollmer, Anna Lisa last_name: Vollmer - first_name: 'Henning ' full_name: 'Wachsmuth, Henning ' last_name: Wachsmuth citation: ama: 'Jimenez P, Vollmer AL, Wachsmuth H. Structures Underlying Explanations. In: Rohlfing K, Främling K, Lim B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings. Springer Singapore.' apa: 'Jimenez, P., Vollmer, A. L., & Wachsmuth, H. (n.d.). Structures Underlying Explanations. In K. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, & K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings. Springer Singapore.' bibtex: '@inbook{Jimenez_Vollmer_Wachsmuth, title={Structures Underlying Explanations}, booktitle={Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings}, publisher={Springer Singapore}, author={Jimenez, Patricia and Vollmer, Anna Lisa and Wachsmuth, Henning }, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten} }' chicago: 'Jimenez, Patricia, Anna Lisa Vollmer, and Henning Wachsmuth. “Structures Underlying Explanations.” In Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings, edited by Katharina Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kirsten Thommes. Springer Singapore, n.d.' ieee: 'P. Jimenez, A. L. Vollmer, and H. Wachsmuth, “Structures Underlying Explanations,” in Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings, K. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K. Thommes, Eds. Springer Singapore.' mla: 'Jimenez, Patricia, et al. “Structures Underlying Explanations.” Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings, edited by Katharina Rohlfing et al., Springer Singapore.' short: 'P. Jimenez, A.L. Vollmer, H. Wachsmuth, in: K. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings, Springer Singapore, n.d.' date_created: 2025-09-11T13:54:27Z date_updated: 2025-09-12T11:43:07Z editor: - first_name: Katharina full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina last_name: Rohlfing - first_name: Kary full_name: Främling, Kary last_name: Främling - first_name: Brian full_name: Lim, Brian last_name: Lim - first_name: Suzana full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana last_name: Alpsancar - first_name: Kirsten full_name: Thommes, Kirsten last_name: Thommes language: - iso: eng project: - _id: '122' name: TRR 318 - Subproject B3 publication: 'Social Explainable AI: Communications of NII Shonan Meetings' publication_identifier: eisbn: - 978-981-96-5290-7 publication_status: inpress publisher: Springer Singapore status: public title: Structures Underlying Explanations type: book_chapter user_id: '103339' year: '2026' ... --- _id: '60718' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The ability to generate explanations that are understood by explainees is the\r\nquintessence of explainable artificial intelligence. Since understanding\r\ndepends on the explainee's background and needs, recent research focused on\r\nco-constructive explanation dialogues, where an explainer continuously monitors\r\nthe explainee's understanding and adapts their explanations dynamically. We\r\ninvestigate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage as explainers\r\nin co-constructive explanation dialogues. In particular, we present a user\r\nstudy in which explainees interact with an LLM in two settings, one of which\r\ninvolves the LLM being instructed to explain a topic co-constructively. We\r\nevaluate the explainees' understanding before and after the dialogue, as well\r\nas their perception of the LLMs' co-constructive behavior. Our results suggest\r\nthat LLMs show some co-constructive behaviors, such as asking verification\r\nquestions, that foster the explainees' engagement and can improve understanding\r\nof a topic. However, their ability to effectively monitor the current\r\nunderstanding and scaffold the explanations accordingly remains limited." author: - first_name: Leandra full_name: Fichtel, Leandra last_name: Fichtel - first_name: Maximilian full_name: Spliethöver, Maximilian last_name: Spliethöver - first_name: Eyke full_name: Hüllermeier, Eyke last_name: Hüllermeier - first_name: Patricia full_name: Jimenez, Patricia id: '103339' last_name: Jimenez - first_name: Nils full_name: Klowait, Nils id: '98454' last_name: Klowait orcid: 0000-0002-7347-099X - first_name: Stefan full_name: Kopp, Stefan last_name: Kopp - first_name: Axel-Cyrille full_name: Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille id: '65716' last_name: Ngonga Ngomo - first_name: Amelie full_name: Robrecht, Amelie last_name: Robrecht - first_name: Ingrid full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid id: '451' last_name: Scharlau orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489 - first_name: Lutz full_name: Terfloth, Lutz id: '37320' last_name: Terfloth - first_name: Anna-Lisa full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa last_name: Vollmer - first_name: Henning full_name: Wachsmuth, Henning last_name: Wachsmuth citation: ama: Fichtel L, Spliethöver M, Hüllermeier E, et al. Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues. arXiv:250418483. Published online 2025. apa: Fichtel, L., Spliethöver, M., Hüllermeier, E., Jimenez, P., Klowait, N., Kopp, S., Ngonga Ngomo, A.-C., Robrecht, A., Scharlau, I., Terfloth, L., Vollmer, A.-L., & Wachsmuth, H. (2025). Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues. In arXiv:2504.18483. bibtex: '@article{Fichtel_Spliethöver_Hüllermeier_Jimenez_Klowait_Kopp_Ngonga Ngomo_Robrecht_Scharlau_Terfloth_et al._2025, title={Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues}, journal={arXiv:2504.18483}, author={Fichtel, Leandra and Spliethöver, Maximilian and Hüllermeier, Eyke and Jimenez, Patricia and Klowait, Nils and Kopp, Stefan and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille and Robrecht, Amelie and Scharlau, Ingrid and Terfloth, Lutz and et al.}, year={2025} }' chicago: Fichtel, Leandra, Maximilian Spliethöver, Eyke Hüllermeier, Patricia Jimenez, Nils Klowait, Stefan Kopp, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, et al. “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues.” ArXiv:2504.18483, 2025. ieee: L. Fichtel et al., “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues,” arXiv:2504.18483. 2025. mla: Fichtel, Leandra, et al. “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues.” ArXiv:2504.18483, 2025. short: L. Fichtel, M. Spliethöver, E. Hüllermeier, P. Jimenez, N. Klowait, S. Kopp, A.-C. Ngonga Ngomo, A. Robrecht, I. Scharlau, L. Terfloth, A.-L. Vollmer, H. Wachsmuth, ArXiv:2504.18483 (2025). date_created: 2025-07-22T13:10:42Z date_updated: 2025-07-23T11:23:32Z external_id: arxiv: - '2504.18483' has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.18483 page: '20' project: - _id: '121' grant_number: '438445824' name: 'TRR 318 - B01: TRR 318 - Ein dialogbasierter Ansatz zur Erklärung von Modellen des maschinellen Lernens (Teilprojekt B01)' - _id: '127' name: 'TRR 318 - C4: TRR 318 - Subproject C4 - Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens' - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' - _id: '119' name: 'TRR 318 - Ö: TRR 318 - Project Area Ö' - _id: '114' grant_number: '438445824' name: 'TRR 318 - A04: TRR 318 - Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten (Teilprojekt A04)' publication: arXiv:2504.18483 status: public title: Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in Explanation Dialogues type: preprint user_id: '98454' year: '2025' ... --- _id: '61234' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The ability to generate explanations that are understood by explainees is the\r\nquintessence of explainable artificial intelligence. Since understanding\r\ndepends on the explainee's background and needs, recent research focused on\r\nco-constructive explanation dialogues, where an explainer continuously monitors\r\nthe explainee's understanding and adapts their explanations dynamically. We\r\ninvestigate the ability of large language models (LLMs) to engage as explainers\r\nin co-constructive explanation dialogues. In particular, we present a user\r\nstudy in which explainees interact with an LLM in two settings, one of which\r\ninvolves the LLM being instructed to explain a topic co-constructively. We\r\nevaluate the explainees' understanding before and after the dialogue, as well\r\nas their perception of the LLMs' co-constructive behavior. Our results suggest\r\nthat LLMs show some co-constructive behaviors, such as asking verification\r\nquestions, that foster the explainees' engagement and can improve understanding\r\nof a topic. However, their ability to effectively monitor the current\r\nunderstanding and scaffold the explanations accordingly remains limited." author: - first_name: Leandra full_name: Fichtel, Leandra last_name: Fichtel - first_name: Maximilian full_name: Spliethöver, Maximilian id: '84035' last_name: Spliethöver orcid: 0000-0003-4364-1409 - first_name: Eyke full_name: Hüllermeier, Eyke id: '48129' last_name: Hüllermeier - first_name: Patricia full_name: Jimenez, Patricia id: '103339' last_name: Jimenez - first_name: Nils full_name: Klowait, Nils id: '98454' last_name: Klowait orcid: 0000-0002-7347-099X - first_name: Stefan full_name: Kopp, Stefan last_name: Kopp - first_name: Axel-Cyrille full_name: Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille id: '65716' last_name: Ngonga Ngomo - first_name: Amelie full_name: Robrecht, Amelie id: '91982' last_name: Robrecht orcid: 0000-0001-5622-8248 - first_name: Ingrid full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid id: '451' last_name: Scharlau orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489 - first_name: Lutz full_name: Terfloth, Lutz id: '37320' last_name: Terfloth - first_name: Anna-Lisa full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa id: '86589' last_name: Vollmer - first_name: Henning full_name: Wachsmuth, Henning id: '3900' last_name: Wachsmuth citation: ama: 'Fichtel L, Spliethöver M, Hüllermeier E, et al. Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues. In: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. Association for Computational Linguistics.' apa: Fichtel, L., Spliethöver, M., Hüllermeier, E., Jimenez, P., Klowait, N., Kopp, S., Ngonga Ngomo, A.-C., Robrecht, A., Scharlau, I., Terfloth, L., Vollmer, A.-L., & Wachsmuth, H. (n.d.). Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. bibtex: '@inproceedings{Fichtel_Spliethöver_Hüllermeier_Jimenez_Klowait_Kopp_Ngonga Ngomo_Robrecht_Scharlau_Terfloth_et al., place={Avignon, France}, title={Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue}, publisher={Association for Computational Linguistics}, author={Fichtel, Leandra and Spliethöver, Maximilian and Hüllermeier, Eyke and Jimenez, Patricia and Klowait, Nils and Kopp, Stefan and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille and Robrecht, Amelie and Scharlau, Ingrid and Terfloth, Lutz and et al.} }' chicago: 'Fichtel, Leandra, Maximilian Spliethöver, Eyke Hüllermeier, Patricia Jimenez, Nils Klowait, Stefan Kopp, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, et al. “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues.” In Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. Avignon, France: Association for Computational Linguistics, n.d.' ieee: L. Fichtel et al., “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues,” presented at the Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. mla: Fichtel, Leandra, et al. “Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in  Explanation Dialogues.” Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, Association for Computational Linguistics. short: 'L. Fichtel, M. Spliethöver, E. Hüllermeier, P. Jimenez, N. Klowait, S. Kopp, A.-C. Ngonga Ngomo, A. Robrecht, I. Scharlau, L. Terfloth, A.-L. Vollmer, H. Wachsmuth, in: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue, Association for Computational Linguistics, Avignon, France, n.d.' conference: name: Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue date_created: 2025-09-11T16:11:17Z date_updated: 2025-09-12T09:50:48Z department: - _id: '660' external_id: arxiv: - '2504.18483' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18483 oa: '1' place: Avignon, France project: - _id: '118' name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF' - _id: '121' name: 'TRR 318; TP B01: Ein dialogbasierter Ansatz zur Erklärung von Modellen des maschinellen Lernens' - _id: '127' name: 'TRR 318; TP C04: Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens' - _id: '122' name: TRR 318 - Subproject B3 - _id: '119' name: TRR 318 - Project Area Ö - _id: '114' name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten' publication: Proceedings of the 26th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue publication_status: accepted publisher: Association for Computational Linguistics related_material: link: - relation: software url: https://github.com/webis-de/sigdial25-co-constructive-llms - relation: research_data url: https://github.com/webis-de/sigdial25-co-constructive-llms-data status: public title: Investigating Co-Constructive Behavior of Large Language Models in Explanation Dialogues type: conference user_id: '84035' year: '2025' ... --- _id: '59917' abstract: - lang: eng text: nder the slogan of trustworthy AI, much of contemporary AI research is focused on designing AI systems and usage practices that inspire human trust and, thus, enhance adoption of AI systems. However, a person affected by an AI system may not be convinced by AI system design alone---neither should they, if the AI system is embedded in a social context that gives good reason to believe that it is used in tension with a person’s interest. In such cases, distrust in the system may be justified and necessary to build meaningful trust in the first place. We propose the term \emph{healthy distrust} to describe such a justified, careful stance towards certain AI usage practices. We investigate prior notions of trust and distrust in computer science, sociology, history, psychology, and philosophy, outline a remaining gap that healthy distrust might fill and conceptualize healthy distrust as a crucial part for AI usage that respects human autonomy. author: - first_name: Benjamin full_name: Paaßen, Benjamin last_name: Paaßen - first_name: Suzana full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana id: '93637' last_name: Alpsancar - first_name: Tobias full_name: Matzner, Tobias id: '65695' last_name: Matzner - first_name: Ingrid full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid id: '451' last_name: Scharlau orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489 citation: ama: Paaßen B, Alpsancar S, Matzner T, Scharlau I. Healthy Distrust in AI systems. arXiv. Published online 2025. apa: Paaßen, B., Alpsancar, S., Matzner, T., & Scharlau, I. (2025). Healthy Distrust in AI systems. In arXiv. bibtex: '@article{Paaßen_Alpsancar_Matzner_Scharlau_2025, title={Healthy Distrust in AI systems}, journal={arXiv}, author={Paaßen, Benjamin and Alpsancar, Suzana and Matzner, Tobias and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2025} }' chicago: Paaßen, Benjamin, Suzana Alpsancar, Tobias Matzner, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Healthy Distrust in AI Systems.” ArXiv, 2025. ieee: B. Paaßen, S. Alpsancar, T. Matzner, and I. Scharlau, “Healthy Distrust in AI systems,” arXiv. 2025. mla: Paaßen, Benjamin, et al. “Healthy Distrust in AI Systems.” ArXiv, 2025. short: B. Paaßen, S. Alpsancar, T. Matzner, I. Scharlau, ArXiv (2025). date_created: 2025-05-16T09:39:13Z date_updated: 2025-11-18T09:38:01Z department: - _id: '424' - _id: '26' - _id: '756' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.09747 oa: '1' project: - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' - _id: '124' name: 'TRR 318 - C1: TRR 318 - Subproject C1 - Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen' - _id: '370' name: 'TRR 318 - B06: TRR 318 - Teilprojekt B6 - Ethik und Normativität der erklärbaren KI' publication: arXiv status: public title: Healthy Distrust in AI systems type: preprint user_id: '93637' year: '2025' ... --- _id: '61156' abstract: - lang: eng text: Explainability has become an important topic in computer science and artificial intelligence, leading to a subfield called Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). The goal of providing or seeking explanations is to achieve (better) ‘understanding’ on the part of the explainee. However, what it means to ‘understand’ is still not clearly defined, and the concept itself is rarely the subject of scientific investigation. This conceptual article aims to present a model of forms of understanding for XAI-explanations and beyond. From an interdisciplinary perspective bringing together computer science, linguistics, sociology, philosophy and psychology, a definition of understanding and its forms, assessment, and dynamics during the process of giving everyday explanations are explored. Two types of understanding are considered as possible outcomes of explanations, namely enabledness, ‘knowing how’ to do or decide something, and comprehension, ‘knowing that’ – both in different degrees (from shallow to deep). Explanations regularly start with shallow understanding in a specific domain and can lead to deep comprehension and enabledness of the explanandum, which we see as a prerequisite for human users to gain agency. In this process, the increase of comprehension and enabledness are highly interdependent. Against the background of this systematization, special challenges of understanding in XAI are discussed. article_number: '101419' article_type: original author: - first_name: Hendrik full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik id: '76456' last_name: Buschmeier orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713 - first_name: Heike M. full_name: Buhl, Heike M. id: '27152' last_name: Buhl - first_name: Friederike full_name: Kern, Friederike last_name: Kern - first_name: Angela full_name: Grimminger, Angela id: '57578' last_name: Grimminger - first_name: Helen full_name: Beierling, Helen id: '50995' last_name: Beierling - first_name: Josephine Beryl full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl id: '56345' last_name: Fisher orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241 - first_name: André full_name: Groß, André id: '93405' last_name: Groß orcid: 0000-0002-9593-7220 - first_name: Ilona full_name: Horwath, Ilona id: '68836' last_name: Horwath - first_name: Nils full_name: Klowait, Nils id: '98454' last_name: Klowait orcid: 0000-0002-7347-099X - first_name: Stefan Teodorov full_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov id: '90345' last_name: Lazarov orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483 - first_name: Michael full_name: Lenke, Michael last_name: Lenke - first_name: Vivien full_name: Lohmer, Vivien last_name: Lohmer - first_name: Katharina full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina id: '50352' last_name: Rohlfing orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233 - first_name: Ingrid full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid id: '451' last_name: Scharlau orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489 - first_name: Amit full_name: Singh, Amit id: '91018' last_name: Singh orcid: 0000-0002-7789-1521 - first_name: Lutz full_name: Terfloth, Lutz id: '37320' last_name: Terfloth - first_name: Anna-Lisa full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa id: '86589' last_name: Vollmer - first_name: Yu full_name: Wang, Yu last_name: Wang - first_name: Annedore full_name: Wilmes, Annedore last_name: Wilmes - first_name: Britta full_name: Wrede, Britta last_name: Wrede citation: ama: Buschmeier H, Buhl HM, Kern F, et al. Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations. Cognitive Systems Research. 2025;94. doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419 apa: Buschmeier, H., Buhl, H. M., Kern, F., Grimminger, A., Beierling, H., Fisher, J. B., Groß, A., Horwath, I., Klowait, N., Lazarov, S. T., Lenke, M., Lohmer, V., Rohlfing, K., Scharlau, I., Singh, A., Terfloth, L., Vollmer, A.-L., Wang, Y., Wilmes, A., & Wrede, B. (2025). Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations. Cognitive Systems Research, 94, Article 101419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419 bibtex: '@article{Buschmeier_Buhl_Kern_Grimminger_Beierling_Fisher_Groß_Horwath_Klowait_Lazarov_et al._2025, title={Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations}, volume={94}, DOI={10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419}, number={101419}, journal={Cognitive Systems Research}, author={Buschmeier, Hendrik and Buhl, Heike M. and Kern, Friederike and Grimminger, Angela and Beierling, Helen and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Groß, André and Horwath, Ilona and Klowait, Nils and Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and et al.}, year={2025} }' chicago: Buschmeier, Hendrik, Heike M. Buhl, Friederike Kern, Angela Grimminger, Helen Beierling, Josephine Beryl Fisher, André Groß, et al. “Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations.” Cognitive Systems Research 94 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419. ieee: 'H. Buschmeier et al., “Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations,” Cognitive Systems Research, vol. 94, Art. no. 101419, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419.' mla: Buschmeier, Hendrik, et al. “Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations.” Cognitive Systems Research, vol. 94, 101419, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419. short: H. Buschmeier, H.M. Buhl, F. Kern, A. Grimminger, H. Beierling, J.B. Fisher, A. Groß, I. Horwath, N. Klowait, S.T. Lazarov, M. Lenke, V. Lohmer, K. Rohlfing, I. Scharlau, A. Singh, L. Terfloth, A.-L. Vollmer, Y. Wang, A. Wilmes, B. Wrede, Cognitive Systems Research 94 (2025). date_created: 2025-09-08T14:24:32Z date_updated: 2025-12-05T15:32:25Z ddc: - '006' department: - _id: '660' doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101419 file: - access_level: closed content_type: application/pdf creator: hbuschme date_created: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z date_updated: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z file_id: '62730' file_name: Buschmeier-etal-2025-COGSYS.pdf file_size: 10114981 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-12-01T21:02:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 94' keyword: - understanding - explaining - explanations - explainable - AI - interdisciplinarity - comprehension - enabledness - agency language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1389041725000993?via%3Dihub oa: '1' project: - _id: '111' name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären' - _id: '112' name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten' - _id: '113' name: TRR 318 - Subproject A3 - _id: '114' name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten' - _id: '115' name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog' - _id: '122' name: TRR 318 - Subproject B3 - _id: '123' name: TRR 318 - Subproject B5 - _id: '119' name: TRR 318 - Project Area Ö publication: Cognitive Systems Research publication_status: published quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Forms of Understanding for XAI-Explanations type: journal_article user_id: '57578' volume: 94 year: '2025' ... --- _id: '51345' abstract: - lang: eng text: The algorithmic imaginary as a theoretical concept has received increasing attention in recent years as it aims at users’ appropriation of algorithmic processes operating in opacity. But the concept originally only starts from the users’ point of view, while the processes on the platforms’ side are largely left out. In contrast, this paper argues that what is true for users is also valid for algorithmic processes and the designers behind. On the one hand, the algorithm imagines users’ future behavior via machine learning, which is supposed to predict all their future actions. On the other hand, the designers anticipate different actions that could potentially performed by users with every new implementation of features such as social media feeds. In order to bring into view this permanently reciprocal interplay coupled to the imaginary, in which not only the users are involved, I will argue for a more comprehensive and theoretically precise algorithmic imaginary referring to the theory of Cornelius Castoriadis. In such a perspective, an important contribution can be formulated for a theory of social media platforms that goes beyond praxeocentrism or structural determinism. author: - first_name: Christian full_name: Schulz, Christian id: '72684' last_name: Schulz citation: ama: Schulz C. A new algorithmic imaginary. Media, Culture & Society. 2023;45(3):646-655. doi:10.1177/01634437221136014 apa: Schulz, C. (2023). A new algorithmic imaginary. Media, Culture & Society, 45(3), 646–655. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221136014 bibtex: '@article{Schulz_2023, title={A new algorithmic imaginary}, volume={45}, DOI={10.1177/01634437221136014}, number={3}, journal={Media, Culture & Society}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Schulz, Christian}, year={2023}, pages={646–655} }' chicago: 'Schulz, Christian. “A New Algorithmic Imaginary.” Media, Culture & Society 45, no. 3 (2023): 646–55. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221136014.' ieee: 'C. Schulz, “A new algorithmic imaginary,” Media, Culture & Society, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 646–655, 2023, doi: 10.1177/01634437221136014.' mla: Schulz, Christian. “A New Algorithmic Imaginary.” Media, Culture & Society, vol. 45, no. 3, SAGE Publications, 2023, pp. 646–55, doi:10.1177/01634437221136014. short: C. Schulz, Media, Culture & Society 45 (2023) 646–655. date_created: 2024-02-14T09:21:17Z date_updated: 2024-02-26T08:39:45Z department: - _id: '660' doi: 10.1177/01634437221136014 intvolume: ' 45' issue: '3' keyword: - Sociology and Political Science - Communication language: - iso: eng page: 646-655 project: - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' publication: Media, Culture & Society publication_identifier: issn: - 0163-4437 - 1460-3675 publication_status: published publisher: SAGE Publications status: public title: A new algorithmic imaginary type: journal_article user_id: '54779' volume: 45 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '51766' author: - first_name: Christian full_name: Schulz, Christian id: '72684' last_name: Schulz - first_name: 'Annedore ' full_name: 'Wilmes , Annedore ' last_name: 'Wilmes ' citation: ama: Schulz C, Wilmes A. Vernacular Metaphors of AI . apa: Schulz, C., & Wilmes , A. (n.d.). Vernacular Metaphors of AI . bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schulz_Wilmes , place={ICA Preconference Workshop “History of Digital Metaphors”, University of Toronto, May 25 }, title={Vernacular Metaphors of AI }, author={Schulz, Christian and Wilmes , Annedore } }' chicago: Schulz, Christian, and Annedore Wilmes . “Vernacular Metaphors of AI .” ICA Preconference Workshop “History of Digital Metaphors”, University of Toronto, May 25 , n.d. ieee: C. Schulz and A. Wilmes , “Vernacular Metaphors of AI .” mla: Schulz, Christian, and Annedore Wilmes . Vernacular Metaphors of AI . short: 'C. Schulz, A. Wilmes , in: ICA Preconference Workshop “History of Digital Metaphors”, University of Toronto, May 25 , n.d.' date_created: 2024-02-22T15:11:29Z date_updated: 2024-08-14T06:04:55Z department: - _id: '660' language: - iso: eng place: 'ICA Preconference Workshop "History of Digital Metaphors", University of Toronto, May 25 ' project: - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' publication_status: unpublished status: public title: 'Vernacular Metaphors of AI ' type: conference user_id: '72684' year: '2023' ... --- _id: '51752' author: - first_name: Josefine full_name: Finke, Josefine last_name: Finke - first_name: Ilona full_name: Horwath, Ilona id: '68836' last_name: Horwath - first_name: Tobias full_name: Matzner, Tobias id: '65695' last_name: Matzner - first_name: Christian full_name: Schulz, Christian id: '72684' last_name: Schulz citation: ama: 'Finke J, Horwath I, Matzner T, Schulz C. (De)Coding social practice in the field of XAI: Towards a co-constructive framework of explanations and understanding between lay users and algorithmic systems. In: Artificial Intelligence in HCI. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing ; 2022:149-160. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10' apa: 'Finke, J., Horwath, I., Matzner, T., & Schulz, C. (2022). (De)Coding social practice in the field of XAI: Towards a co-constructive framework of explanations and understanding between lay users and algorithmic systems. Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10' bibtex: '@inproceedings{Finke_Horwath_Matzner_Schulz_2022, place={Cham}, series={Lecture Notes in Computer Science}, title={(De)Coding social practice in the field of XAI: Towards a co-constructive framework of explanations and understanding between lay users and algorithmic systems}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10}, booktitle={Artificial Intelligence in HCI}, publisher={Springer International Publishing }, author={Finke, Josefine and Horwath, Ilona and Matzner, Tobias and Schulz, Christian}, year={2022}, pages={149–160}, collection={Lecture Notes in Computer Science} }' chicago: 'Finke, Josefine, Ilona Horwath, Tobias Matzner, and Christian Schulz. “(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-Constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems.” In Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 149–60. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Cham: Springer International Publishing , 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' ieee: 'J. Finke, I. Horwath, T. Matzner, and C. Schulz, “(De)Coding social practice in the field of XAI: Towards a co-constructive framework of explanations and understanding between lay users and algorithmic systems,” in Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 2022, pp. 149–160, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' mla: 'Finke, Josefine, et al. “(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-Constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems.” Artificial Intelligence in HCI, Springer International Publishing , 2022, pp. 149–60, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' short: 'J. Finke, I. Horwath, T. Matzner, C. Schulz, in: Artificial Intelligence in HCI, Springer International Publishing , Cham, 2022, pp. 149–160.' date_created: 2024-02-22T14:41:24Z date_updated: 2024-07-02T06:19:43Z department: - _id: '757' doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10 language: - iso: eng page: 149-160 place: Cham project: - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' publication: Artificial Intelligence in HCI publication_status: published publisher: 'Springer International Publishing ' series_title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science status: public title: '(De)Coding social practice in the field of XAI: Towards a co-constructive framework of explanations and understanding between lay users and algorithmic systems' type: conference user_id: '72684' year: '2022' ... --- _id: '39639' author: - first_name: Josefine full_name: Finke, Josefine last_name: Finke - first_name: Ilona full_name: Horwath, Ilona id: '68836' last_name: Horwath - first_name: Tobias full_name: Matzner, Tobias id: '65695' last_name: Matzner - first_name: Christian full_name: Schulz, Christian last_name: Schulz citation: ama: 'Finke J, Horwath I, Matzner T, Schulz C. (De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems. In: Artificial Intelligence in HCI. Springer International Publishing; 2022:149-160. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10' apa: 'Finke, J., Horwath, I., Matzner, T., & Schulz, C. (2022). (De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems. Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 149–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10' bibtex: '@inproceedings{Finke_Horwath_Matzner_Schulz_2022, place={Cham}, title={(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems}, DOI={10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10}, booktitle={Artificial Intelligence in HCI}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, author={Finke, Josefine and Horwath, Ilona and Matzner, Tobias and Schulz, Christian}, year={2022}, pages={149–160} }' chicago: 'Finke, Josefine, Ilona Horwath, Tobias Matzner, and Christian Schulz. “(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-Constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems.” In Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 149–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' ieee: 'J. Finke, I. Horwath, T. Matzner, and C. Schulz, “(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems,” in Artificial Intelligence in HCI, 2022, pp. 149–160, doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' mla: 'Finke, Josefine, et al. “(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-Constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems.” Artificial Intelligence in HCI, Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 149–60, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10.' short: 'J. Finke, I. Horwath, T. Matzner, C. Schulz, in: Artificial Intelligence in HCI, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2022, pp. 149–160.' conference: name: AI in International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction date_created: 2023-01-24T16:09:42Z date_updated: 2023-05-03T08:24:22Z department: - _id: '603' - _id: '757' doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-05643-7_10 language: - iso: eng page: 149-160 place: Cham project: - _id: '122' name: 'TRR 318 - B3: TRR 318 - Subproject B3' publication: Artificial Intelligence in HCI publication_status: published publisher: Springer International Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: '(De)Coding Social Practice in the Field of XAI: Towards a Co-constructive Framework of Explanations and Understanding Between Lay Users and Algorithmic Systems' type: conference user_id: '68836' year: '2022' ...