[{"publication":"Materials Research Proceedings","type":"conference","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Abstract. Mechanical joints are traditionally analyzed through destructive micrograph analysis, which may compromise internal geometry and morphology, as evidenced by radial cracks in semi-tubular self-pierce riveting. In contrast, industrial X-ray computed tomography (XCT) offers a non-destructive method for component diagnosis, providing volumetric insights without damaging the sample and enabling dimensional measurement. The DFG-funded Collaborative Research Center TRR 285 is exploring XCT's application in assessing mechanical joinability across various joining processes and materials, particularly in multi-material systems like steel-aluminum joints. XCT faces challenges in accurately capturing multi-material compositions, leading to artifacts that complicate interface detection. This research aims to validate XCT for joint investigations, yielding quantitative characteristics that surpass those from traditional micrograph analysis."}],"department":[{"_id":"43"},{"_id":"157"}],"user_id":"44935","_id":"60439","project":[{"_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285:  Methodenentwicklung zur mechanischen Fügbarkeit in wandlungsfähigen Prozessketten","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C03: TRR 285 - Subproject C03","_id":"147"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C02: TRR 285 - Subproject C02","_id":"146"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C05: TRR 285 - Subproject C05","_id":"149"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2474-395X"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        52","citation":{"short":"M. Lechner, T. Borgert, M. Busch, A. Harms, P.K. Holtkamp, D. Römisch, S. Wituschek, F. Kappe, in: Materials Research Proceedings, Materials Research Forum LLC, 2025.","mla":"Lechner, M., et al. “Non-Destructive Testing in Versatile Joining Processes.” <i>Materials Research Proceedings</i>, vol. 52, Materials Research Forum LLC, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Lechner_Borgert_Busch_Harms_Holtkamp_Römisch_Wituschek_Kappe_2025, title={Non-destructive testing in versatile joining processes}, volume={52}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>}, booktitle={Materials Research Proceedings}, publisher={Materials Research Forum LLC}, author={Lechner, M. and Borgert, Thomas and Busch, Matthias and Harms, A. and Holtkamp, Pia Katharina and Römisch, D. and Wituschek, Simon and Kappe, Fabian}, year={2025} }","ama":"Lechner M, Borgert T, Busch M, et al. Non-destructive testing in versatile joining processes. In: <i>Materials Research Proceedings</i>. Vol 52. Materials Research Forum LLC; 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>","apa":"Lechner, M., Borgert, T., Busch, M., Harms, A., Holtkamp, P. K., Römisch, D., Wituschek, S., &#38; Kappe, F. (2025). Non-destructive testing in versatile joining processes. <i>Materials Research Proceedings</i>, <i>52</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>","chicago":"Lechner, M., Thomas Borgert, Matthias Busch, A. Harms, Pia Katharina Holtkamp, D. Römisch, Simon Wituschek, and Fabian Kappe. “Non-Destructive Testing in Versatile Joining Processes.” In <i>Materials Research Proceedings</i>, Vol. 52. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>.","ieee":"M. Lechner <i>et al.</i>, “Non-destructive testing in versatile joining processes,” in <i>Materials Research Proceedings</i>, 2025, vol. 52, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21741/9781644903551-12\">10.21741/9781644903551-12</a>."},"year":"2025","volume":52,"date_created":"2025-06-27T07:56:32Z","author":[{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Lechner","full_name":"Lechner, M."},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Borgert","full_name":"Borgert, Thomas","id":"83141"},{"full_name":"Busch, Matthias","id":"83421","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8456-3374","last_name":"Busch","first_name":"Matthias"},{"last_name":"Harms","full_name":"Harms, A.","first_name":"A."},{"last_name":"Holtkamp","full_name":"Holtkamp, Pia Katharina","id":"44935","first_name":"Pia Katharina"},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Römisch, D.","last_name":"Römisch"},{"id":"83423","full_name":"Wituschek, Simon","last_name":"Wituschek","first_name":"Simon"},{"first_name":"Fabian","last_name":"Kappe","full_name":"Kappe, Fabian","id":"66459"}],"publisher":"Materials Research Forum LLC","date_updated":"2025-06-27T08:17:00Z","doi":"10.21741/9781644903551-12","title":"Non-destructive testing in versatile joining processes"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0954-4089","2041-3009"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","year":"2024","citation":{"chicago":"Hetzel, A., Simon Wituschek, D. Römisch, F. Sippel, M. Lechner, and M. Merklein. “Investigation on the Load-Bearing Capacity and Joint Formation of Hybrid Functional Components Joined by Orbital Forming.” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</i>, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807</a>.","ieee":"A. Hetzel, S. Wituschek, D. Römisch, F. Sippel, M. Lechner, and M. Merklein, “Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming,” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</i>, Art. no. 09544089241282807, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">10.1177/09544089241282807</a>.","ama":"Hetzel A, Wituschek S, Römisch D, Sippel F, Lechner M, Merklein M. Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming. <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</i>. Published online 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">10.1177/09544089241282807</a>","mla":"Hetzel, A., et al. “Investigation on the Load-Bearing Capacity and Joint Formation of Hybrid Functional Components Joined by Orbital Forming.” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</i>, 09544089241282807, SAGE Publications, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">10.1177/09544089241282807</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Hetzel_Wituschek_Römisch_Sippel_Lechner_Merklein_2024, title={Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">10.1177/09544089241282807</a>}, number={09544089241282807}, journal={Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Hetzel, A. and Wituschek, Simon and Römisch, D. and Sippel, F. and Lechner, M. and Merklein, M.}, year={2024} }","short":"A. Hetzel, S. Wituschek, D. Römisch, F. Sippel, M. Lechner, M. Merklein, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering (2024).","apa":"Hetzel, A., Wituschek, S., Römisch, D., Sippel, F., Lechner, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2024). Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming. <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</i>, Article 09544089241282807. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807\">https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089241282807</a>"},"publisher":"SAGE Publications","date_updated":"2025-09-23T13:34:05Z","date_created":"2025-09-23T13:21:21Z","author":[{"last_name":"Hetzel","full_name":"Hetzel, A.","first_name":"A."},{"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Wituschek","full_name":"Wituschek, Simon","id":"83423"},{"last_name":"Römisch","full_name":"Römisch, D.","first_name":"D."},{"first_name":"F.","last_name":"Sippel","full_name":"Sippel, F."},{"last_name":"Lechner","full_name":"Lechner, M.","first_name":"M."},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Merklein, M.","last_name":"Merklein"}],"title":"Investigation on the load-bearing capacity and joint formation of hybrid functional components joined by orbital forming","doi":"10.1177/09544089241282807","publication":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Increasing material costs, decreasing availability, and ever-higher demands on environmental compatibility and complexity require new strategies in the development and production of functional components. Consequently, a combined approach from the areas of design, material science, and manufacturing is mandatory, in order to meet the requirements. Reducing the number of parts, using lightweight materials and applying hybrid components with a multimaterial mix are possible solutions. Nevertheless, conventional joining operations like welding or riveting are reaching their limits in terms of material utilization, load-bearing capacity as well as versatility of the process. Thus, innovative and versatile joining by forming operations and process combinations are focus of current research. In this context, the innovative process of orbital forming had been investigated as a joining by forming operation to manufacture load-adapted hybrid functional components. By tilting of one tool component during the process, a radial material flow is generated, allowing the crimping of the two joining partners. Nevertheless, the load-bearing capacity in axial direction could be identified as limiting factor for a possible application. Therefore, the aim of this investigation is the development of a fundamental process understanding on the influence of a novel geometrical adaption of the joint on the resulting load bearing capacity. The influence of varying geometrical proportions of the joint on the quality is evaluated, considering the form filling, the geometrical properties of the components as well as the maximum transmittable axial load. As joining partners, the dual-phase steel DP600 and the aluminum alloy EN AW-5754 with a thickness of 2.0 mm are used. ","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","_id":"61415","project":[{"name":"TRR 285:  Methodenentwicklung zur mechanischen Fügbarkeit in wandlungsfähigen Prozessketten","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"146","name":"TRR 285 - Subproject C02"},{"name":"TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"user_id":"44935","article_number":"09544089241282807","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"keyword":["Mechanical Engineering","General Materials Science"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"_id":"34219","user_id":"7850","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Resource-saving and sustainable production is becoming increasingly important regarding social, political and economic aspects, thus making the use of lightweight-construction technologies a current trend. For this reason, multi-material-systems made of high-strength steel and aluminium as well as metal and fibre-reinforced plastics gain in importance. However, different material properties, e.g. stiffness, thermal expansion coefficients or chemical incompatibilities, are challenging for conventional joining technologies. Joining by cold formed pin structures has shown to have high potential for joining multi-material-systems. These pins can be joined either by direct pin pressing into an unperforated joining partner or by caulking, where the pins are inserted through a pre-punched joining partner and the pin head is upset, resulting in a form-fit joint. Usually, cylindrical pins are used for joining. However, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries offer the possibility of introducing a predetermined breaking point or reinforcing a connection in the principal force direction. In this work, cylindrical pins as well as non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries, such as polygonal and oval pin structures, are cold extruded from the sheet metal plane of an HCT590X+Z dual phase steel and joined in the next step with an EN AW-6014 aluminium using direct pin pressing. Since the formation of an undercut has an crucial influence on the joint strength, the investigations will be focused on the resulting joint geometry. In addition, the effect of different pin heights will be examined to analyse the joint formation at different levels of compression of the pin structures. Finally, the joints are evaluated regarding their joint strength in tensile shear tests and cross tension tests. Here the flow resistance of the geometry used as well as the pin height and thus the strain hardening of the pin base during the extrusion of the pins play a decisive role for the shear strength."}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications","title":"Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing","doi":"10.1177/14644207221081408","date_updated":"2022-12-05T21:41:09Z","publisher":"SAGE Publications","author":[{"last_name":"Römisch","full_name":"Römisch, David","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Martin","last_name":"Kraus","full_name":"Kraus, Martin"},{"first_name":"Marion","last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, Marion"}],"date_created":"2022-12-05T21:39:38Z","volume":236,"year":"2022","citation":{"chicago":"Römisch, David, Martin Kraus, and Marion Merklein. “Investigation of the Influence of Formed, Non-Rotationally Symmetrical Pin Geometries and Their Effect on the Joint Quality of Steel and Aluminium Sheets by Direct Pin Pressing.” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</i> 236, no. 6 (2022): 1187–1202. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408</a>.","ieee":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, and M. Merklein, “Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing,” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</i>, vol. 236, no. 6, pp. 1187–1202, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">10.1177/14644207221081408</a>.","ama":"Römisch D, Kraus M, Merklein M. Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing. <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</i>. 2022;236(6):1187-1202. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">10.1177/14644207221081408</a>","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Kraus_Merklein_2022, title={Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing}, volume={236}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">10.1177/14644207221081408</a>}, number={6}, journal={Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Römisch, David and Kraus, Martin and Merklein, Marion}, year={2022}, pages={1187–1202} }","mla":"Römisch, David, et al. “Investigation of the Influence of Formed, Non-Rotationally Symmetrical Pin Geometries and Their Effect on the Joint Quality of Steel and Aluminium Sheets by Direct Pin Pressing.” <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</i>, vol. 236, no. 6, SAGE Publications, 2022, pp. 1187–202, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">10.1177/14644207221081408</a>.","short":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, M. Merklein, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 236 (2022) 1187–1202.","apa":"Römisch, D., Kraus, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2022). Investigation of the influence of formed, non-rotationally symmetrical pin geometries and their effect on the joint quality of steel and aluminium sheets by direct pin pressing. <i>Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications</i>, <i>236</i>(6), 1187–1202. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408\">https://doi.org/10.1177/14644207221081408</a>"},"page":"1187-1202","intvolume":"       236","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1464-4207","2041-3076"]},"issue":"6"},{"issue":"10","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2076-3417"]},"citation":{"apa":"Popp, J., Römisch, D., Merklein, M., &#38; Drummer, D. (2022). Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures. <i>Applied Sciences</i>, <i>12</i>(10), Article 4962. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962</a>","short":"J. Popp, D. Römisch, M. Merklein, D. Drummer, Applied Sciences 12 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Popp_Römisch_Merklein_Drummer_2022, title={Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures}, volume={12}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">10.3390/app12104962</a>}, number={104962}, journal={Applied Sciences}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Popp, Julian and Römisch, David and Merklein, Marion and Drummer, Dietmar}, year={2022} }","mla":"Popp, Julian, et al. “Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures.” <i>Applied Sciences</i>, vol. 12, no. 10, 4962, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">10.3390/app12104962</a>.","ieee":"J. Popp, D. Römisch, M. Merklein, and D. Drummer, “Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures,” <i>Applied Sciences</i>, vol. 12, no. 10, Art. no. 4962, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">10.3390/app12104962</a>.","chicago":"Popp, Julian, David Römisch, Marion Merklein, and Dietmar Drummer. “Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures.” <i>Applied Sciences</i> 12, no. 10 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962</a>.","ama":"Popp J, Römisch D, Merklein M, Drummer D. Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures. <i>Applied Sciences</i>. 2022;12(10). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12104962\">10.3390/app12104962</a>"},"intvolume":"        12","year":"2022","author":[{"first_name":"Julian","full_name":"Popp, Julian","last_name":"Popp"},{"full_name":"Römisch, David","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"David"},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, Marion","first_name":"Marion"},{"full_name":"Drummer, Dietmar","last_name":"Drummer","first_name":"Dietmar"}],"date_created":"2022-12-05T21:48:01Z","volume":12,"date_updated":"2022-12-05T21:49:30Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","doi":"10.3390/app12104962","title":"Joining of CFRT/Steel Hybrid Parts via Direct Pressing of Cold Formed Non-Rotational Symmetric Pin Structures","type":"journal_article","publication":"Applied Sciences","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"In this study, quasi-unidirectional continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTs) are joined with metal sheets via cold formed cylindrical, elliptical and polygonal pin structures which are directly pressed into the CFRT component after local infrared heating. In comparison to already available studies, the unique novelty is the use of non-rotational symmetric pin structures for the CFRT/metal hybrid joining. Thus, a variation in the fiber orientation in the CFRT component as well as a variation in the non-rotational symmetric pins’ orientation in relation to the sample orientation is conducted. The created samples are consequently mechanically tested via single lap shear experiments in a quasi-static state. Finally, the failure behavior of the single lap shear samples is investigated with the help of microscopic images and detailed photographs. In the single lap shear tests, it could be shown that non-rotational symmetric pin structures lead to an increase in maximum testing forces of up to 74% when compared to cylindrical pins. However, when normalized to the pin foot print related joint strength, only one polygonal pin variation showed increased joint strength in comparison to cylindrical pin structures. The investigation of the failure behavior showed two distinct failure modes. The first failure mode was failure of the CFRT component due to an exceedance of the maximum bearing strength of the pin-hole leading to significant damage in the CFRT component. The second failure mode was pin-deflection due to the applied testing load and a subsequent pin extraction from the CFRT component resulting in significantly less visible damage in the CFRT component. Generally, CFRT failure is more likely with a fiber orientation of 0° in relation to the load direction while pin extraction typically occurs with a fiber orientation of 90°. It is assumed that for future investigations, pin structures with an undercutting shape that creates an interlocking joint could counteract the tendency for pin-extraction and consequently lead to increased maximum joint strengths.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"7850","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"_id":"34223","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"4962","keyword":["Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes","Computer Science Applications","Process Chemistry and Technology","General Engineering","Instrumentation","General Materials Science"]},{"title":"Joining of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic/steel hybrid parts via undercutting pin structures and infrared heating","doi":"10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084","date_updated":"2023-01-02T10:55:23Z","date_created":"2022-03-28T10:25:57Z","author":[{"first_name":"J.","full_name":"Popp, J.","last_name":"Popp"},{"last_name":"Drummer","full_name":"Drummer, D.","first_name":"D."}],"volume":5,"year":"2022","citation":{"apa":"Popp, J., &#38; Drummer, D. (2022). Joining of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic/steel hybrid parts via undercutting pin structures and infrared heating. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, <i>5</i>, 100084. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>","bibtex":"@article{Popp_Drummer_2022, title={Joining of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic/steel hybrid parts via undercutting pin structures and infrared heating}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>}, journal={Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}, author={Popp, J. and Drummer, D.}, year={2022}, pages={100084} }","short":"J. Popp, D. Drummer, Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 5 (2022) 100084.","mla":"Popp, J., and D. Drummer. “Joining of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic/Steel Hybrid Parts via Undercutting Pin Structures and Infrared Heating.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, 2022, p. 100084, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>.","ama":"Popp J, Drummer D. Joining of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic/steel hybrid parts via undercutting pin structures and infrared heating. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>. 2022;5:100084. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>","ieee":"J. Popp and D. Drummer, “Joining of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic/steel hybrid parts via undercutting pin structures and infrared heating,” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, p. 100084, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>.","chicago":"Popp, J., and D. Drummer. “Joining of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic/Steel Hybrid Parts via Undercutting Pin Structures and Infrared Heating.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i> 5 (2022): 100084. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100084</a>."},"intvolume":"         5","page":"100084","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"_id":"30625","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics (CFRT)/steel hybrid parts offer promising properties and possibilities, which can exceed the capabilities of both individual materials. In this case, the joining operation presents the main challenge. This paper studies the direct pin pressing where metallic pins with undercutting geometries, protruding from the metal component, are inserted into a locally infrared heated CFRT component. The aim is to investigate the joining process with a focus on the filling of the undercut features with matrix and fibers to create a primarily form-fitting joint. For good mechanical properties of the joint, it is crucial, that the undercutting features are filled and do not lead to significant deconsolidations. The pin structures are manufactured from 42CrMo4 steel on a cnc-lathe and are joined via welding with HCT600+Zn sheet metal. The CFRT samples are manufactured from polypropylene and approximately 45% vol. unidirectional glass fibers. In the scope of this study, different pin geometries are joined with varying process settings and micro sections of the joints are investigated via reflected light microscopy. It could be shown that the undercuts can be completely filled with matrix and fiber material using the described process route. Based on the optical investigations a suitable setting of joining parameters is defined and lap shear as well as cross head samples are manufactured and experimentally tested. It could be seen that independently from the pin geometry the lap shear strength was primarily limited due to shear failure of the pin structures and it is assumed that the base diameter and pin strength predominantly determine the joint strength. Cross head samples failed due to pin extraction. Here, a significant increase of the joint strength with undercutting features could be shown in comparison to cylindrical reference pins.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Journal of Advanced Joining Processes"},{"department":[{"_id":"630"}],"user_id":"14931","_id":"34249","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"132","name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B"},{"name":"TRR 285 – B05: TRR 285 - Subproject B05","_id":"144"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials"],"article_number":"122","publication":"Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing","type":"journal_article","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"The trend towards lightweight design, driven by increasingly stringent emission targets, poses challenges to conventional joining processes due to the different mechanical properties of the joining partners used to manufacture multi-material systems. For this reason, new versatile joining processes are in demand for joining dissimilar materials. In this regard, pin joining with cold extruded pin structures is a relatively new, two-stage joining process for joining materials such as high-strength steel and aluminium as well as steel and fibre-reinforced plastic to multi-material systems, without the need for auxiliary elements. Due to the novelty of the process, there are currently only a few studies on the robustness of this joining process available. Thus, limited statements on the stability of the joining process considering uncertain process conditions, such as varying material properties or friction values, can be provided. Motivated by this, the presented work investigates the influence of different uncertain process parameters on the pin extrusion as well as on the joining process itself, carrying out a systematic robustness analysis. Therefore, the methodical approach covers the complete process chain of pin joining, including the load-bearing capacity of the joint by means of numerical simulation and data-driven methods. Thereby, a deeper understanding of the pin joining process is generated and the versatility of the novel joining process is increased. Additionally, the provision of manufacturing recommendations for the forming of pin joints leads to a significant decrease in the failure probability caused by ploughing or buckling effects.","lang":"eng"}],"volume":6,"date_created":"2022-12-06T19:03:30Z","author":[{"full_name":"Römisch, David","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"David"},{"last_name":"Zirngibl","full_name":"Zirngibl, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph"},{"last_name":"Schleich","full_name":"Schleich, Benjamin","first_name":"Benjamin"},{"last_name":"Wartzack","full_name":"Wartzack, Sandro","first_name":"Sandro"},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, Marion","first_name":"Marion"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:01:05Z","oa":"1","publisher":"MDPI AG","doi":"10.3390/jmmp6050122","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2504-4494/6/5/122"}],"title":"Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining","issue":"5","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2504-4494"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"         6","citation":{"apa":"Römisch, D., Zirngibl, C., Schleich, B., Wartzack, S., &#38; Merklein, M. (2022). Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, <i>6</i>(5), Article 122. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>","short":"D. Römisch, C. Zirngibl, B. Schleich, S. Wartzack, M. Merklein, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Zirngibl_Schleich_Wartzack_Merklein_2022, title={Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining}, volume={6}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>}, number={5122}, journal={Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Römisch, David and Zirngibl, Christoph and Schleich, Benjamin and Wartzack, Sandro and Merklein, Marion}, year={2022} }","mla":"Römisch, David, et al. “Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 6, no. 5, 122, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>.","ieee":"D. Römisch, C. Zirngibl, B. Schleich, S. Wartzack, and M. Merklein, “Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining,” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 6, no. 5, Art. no. 122, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>.","chicago":"Römisch, David, Christoph Zirngibl, Benjamin Schleich, Sandro Wartzack, and Marion Merklein. “Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i> 6, no. 5 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>.","ama":"Römisch D, Zirngibl C, Schleich B, Wartzack S, Merklein M. Robustness Analysis of Pin Joining. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>. 2022;6(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6050122\">10.3390/jmmp6050122</a>"},"year":"2022"},{"type":"journal_article","status":"public","project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C02: TRR 285 - Subproject C02","_id":"146"}],"_id":"34248","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"article_number":"127","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2504-4494"]},"citation":{"chicago":"Römisch, David, Andreas Hetzel, Simon Wituschek, Michael Lechner, and Marion Merklein. “Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i> 6, no. 6 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>.","ieee":"D. Römisch, A. Hetzel, S. Wituschek, M. Lechner, and M. Merklein, “Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution,” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 6, no. 6, Art. no. 127, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>.","ama":"Römisch D, Hetzel A, Wituschek S, Lechner M, Merklein M. Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>. 2022;6(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>","mla":"Römisch, David, et al. “Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 6, no. 6, 127, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Hetzel_Wituschek_Lechner_Merklein_2022, title={Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution}, volume={6}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>}, number={6127}, journal={Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Römisch, David and Hetzel, Andreas and Wituschek, Simon and Lechner, Michael and Merklein, Marion}, year={2022} }","short":"D. Römisch, A. Hetzel, S. Wituschek, M. Lechner, M. Merklein, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 6 (2022).","apa":"Römisch, D., Hetzel, A., Wituschek, S., Lechner, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2022). Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, <i>6</i>(6), Article 127. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp6060127</a>"},"intvolume":"         6","date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:01:34Z","oa":"1","author":[{"first_name":"David","full_name":"Römisch, David","last_name":"Römisch"},{"full_name":"Hetzel, Andreas","last_name":"Hetzel","first_name":"Andreas"},{"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Wituschek","full_name":"Wituschek, Simon"},{"first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Lechner, Michael","last_name":"Lechner"},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, Marion","first_name":"Marion"}],"volume":6,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.3390/jmmp6060127","publication":"Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Pin extrusion is a common process to realise pin structures in different geometrical dimensions for a subsequent joining operation. Nevertheless, the process of pin extrusion offers process limits regarding sheet thinning as a consequence of the punch penetration depth into the sheet. Thereby, cracks at the residual sheet thickness can occur during strength tests, resulting in a failure of the complete joint due to severe thinning. Therefore, measures have to be taken into account to reduce the thinning. One possibility is the application of orbital formed tailored blanks with a local material pre-distribution, which allows a higher sheet thickness in the desired area. Within this contribution, the novel approach of a process combination of orbital forming and pin extrusion is investigated. To reveal the potential of a local material pre-distribution, conventional specimens are compared with previously orbital formed components. Relevant parameters such as the residual sheet thickness, the pin height as well as the average hardness values are compared. The results show a significant positive influence of a local material pre-distribution on the residual sheet thickness as well as the resulting pin height. Furthermore, the strain hardening during orbital forming can be seen as an additional advantage. To conclude the results, the process limits of conventional pin extrusion can be expanded significantly by the application of specimens with a local material pre-distribution."}],"keyword":["Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"6","year":"2022","publisher":"MDPI AG","date_created":"2022-12-06T18:56:24Z","title":"Pin Extrusion for Mechanical Joining from Orbital Formed Tailored Blanks with Local Material Pre-Distribution"},{"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2073-4360"]},"citation":{"ama":"Gröger B, Römisch D, Kraus M, et al. Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. <i>Polymers</i>. 2022;14(22). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">10.3390/polym14225039</a>","chicago":"Gröger, Benjamin, David Römisch, Martin Kraus, Juliane Troschitz, René Füßel, Marion Merklein, and Maik Gude. “Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites.” <i>Polymers</i> 14, no. 22 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039</a>.","ieee":"B. Gröger <i>et al.</i>, “Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites,” <i>Polymers</i>, vol. 14, no. 22, Art. no. 5039, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">10.3390/polym14225039</a>.","apa":"Gröger, B., Römisch, D., Kraus, M., Troschitz, J., Füßel, R., Merklein, M., &#38; Gude, M. (2022). Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. <i>Polymers</i>, <i>14</i>(22), Article 5039. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039</a>","mla":"Gröger, Benjamin, et al. “Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites.” <i>Polymers</i>, vol. 14, no. 22, 5039, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">10.3390/polym14225039</a>.","short":"B. Gröger, D. Römisch, M. Kraus, J. Troschitz, R. Füßel, M. Merklein, M. Gude, Polymers 14 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Gröger_Römisch_Kraus_Troschitz_Füßel_Merklein_Gude_2022, title={Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14225039\">10.3390/polym14225039</a>}, number={225039}, journal={Polymers}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Gröger, Benjamin and Römisch, David and Kraus, Martin and Troschitz, Juliane and Füßel, René and Merklein, Marion and Gude, Maik}, year={2022} }"},"intvolume":"        14","author":[{"full_name":"Gröger, Benjamin","last_name":"Gröger","first_name":"Benjamin"},{"first_name":"David","full_name":"Römisch, David","last_name":"Römisch"},{"full_name":"Kraus, Martin","last_name":"Kraus","first_name":"Martin"},{"full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane","last_name":"Troschitz","first_name":"Juliane"},{"last_name":"Füßel","full_name":"Füßel, René","first_name":"René"},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, Marion","first_name":"Marion"},{"last_name":"Gude","full_name":"Gude, Maik","first_name":"Maik"}],"volume":14,"date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:02:56Z","oa":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.3390/polym14225039","type":"journal_article","status":"public","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"131","name":"TRR 285 - A: TRR 285 - Project Area A"},{"_id":"137","name":"TRR 285 – A03: TRR 285 - Subproject A03"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"_id":"34247","article_number":"5039","issue":"22","year":"2022","date_created":"2022-12-06T18:51:19Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","title":"Warmforming Flow Pressing Characteristics of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites","publication":"Polymers","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The paper presents research regarding a thermally supported multi-material clinching process (hotclinching) for metal and thermoplastic composite (TPC) sheets: an experimental approach to investigate the flow pressing phenomena during joining. Therefore, an experimental setup is developed to compress the TPC-specimens in out-of-plane direction with different initial TPC thicknesses and varying temperature levels. The deformed specimens are analyzed with computed tomography to investigate the resultant inner material structure at different compaction levels. The results are compared in terms of force-compaction-curves and occurring phenomena during compaction. The change of the material structure is characterized by sliding phenomena and crack initiation and growth."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Polymers and Plastics","General Chemistry"]},{"publication_identifier":{"unknown":["ISBN 978-3-200-08359-2"]},"citation":{"apa":"Römisch, D., &#38; Merklein, M. (2022). <i>Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design</i>. 12th Tooling Conference and Exhibition, Örebro.","mla":"Römisch, David, and Marion Merklein. <i>Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design</i>. 2022.","short":"D. Römisch, M. Merklein, in: 2022.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Römisch_Merklein_2022, title={Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design}, author={Römisch, David and Merklein, Marion}, year={2022} }","chicago":"Römisch, David, and Marion Merklein. “Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design,” 2022.","ieee":"D. Römisch and M. Merklein, “Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design,” presented at the 12th Tooling Conference and Exhibition, Örebro, 2022.","ama":"Römisch D, Merklein M. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design. In: ; 2022."},"year":"2022","author":[{"full_name":"Römisch, David","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Marion","full_name":"Merklein, Marion","last_name":"Merklein"}],"date_created":"2023-01-12T14:30:21Z","date_updated":"2023-01-12T14:34:25Z","conference":{"name":"12th Tooling Conference and Exhibition","location":"Örebro"},"title":"Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Cold Formed Multi Pin Structures Using a Multi-Acting Tool Design","type":"conference","status":"public","user_id":"7850","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"_id":"36468","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"date_updated":"2024-03-20T11:54:33Z","author":[{"full_name":"Kupfer, Robert","last_name":"Kupfer","first_name":"Robert"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Köhler","full_name":"Köhler, Daniel"},{"first_name":"David","last_name":"Römisch","full_name":"Römisch, David"},{"last_name":"Wituschek","full_name":"Wituschek, Simon","first_name":"Simon"},{"full_name":"Ewenz, Lars","last_name":"Ewenz","first_name":"Lars"},{"full_name":"Kalich, Jan","last_name":"Kalich","first_name":"Jan"},{"first_name":"Deborah","full_name":"Weiß, Deborah","id":"45673","last_name":"Weiß"},{"first_name":"Behdad","last_name":"Sadeghian","full_name":"Sadeghian, Behdad"},{"full_name":"Busch, Matthias","last_name":"Busch","first_name":"Matthias"},{"last_name":"Krüger","orcid":"0000-0002-0827-9654","full_name":"Krüger, Jan Tobias","id":"44307","first_name":"Jan Tobias"},{"id":"32340","full_name":"Neuser, Moritz","last_name":"Neuser","first_name":"Moritz"},{"full_name":"Grydin, Olexandr","id":"43822","last_name":"Grydin","first_name":"Olexandr"},{"first_name":"Max","last_name":"Böhnke","id":"45779","full_name":"Böhnke, Max"},{"last_name":"Bielak","id":"34782","full_name":"Bielak, Christian Roman","first_name":"Christian Roman"},{"last_name":"Troschitz","full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane","first_name":"Juliane"}],"volume":5,"doi":"10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2666-3309"]},"citation":{"short":"R. Kupfer, D. Köhler, D. Römisch, S. Wituschek, L. Ewenz, J. Kalich, D. Weiß, B. Sadeghian, M. Busch, J.T. Krüger, M. Neuser, O. Grydin, M. Böhnke, C.R. Bielak, J. Troschitz, Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 5 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Kupfer_Köhler_Römisch_Wituschek_Ewenz_Kalich_Weiß_Sadeghian_Busch_Krüger_et al._2022, title={Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>}, number={100108}, journal={Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Kupfer, Robert and Köhler, Daniel and Römisch, David and Wituschek, Simon and Ewenz, Lars and Kalich, Jan and Weiß, Deborah and Sadeghian, Behdad and Busch, Matthias and Krüger, Jan Tobias and et al.}, year={2022} }","mla":"Kupfer, Robert, et al. “Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, 100108, Elsevier BV, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>.","apa":"Kupfer, R., Köhler, D., Römisch, D., Wituschek, S., Ewenz, L., Kalich, J., Weiß, D., Sadeghian, B., Busch, M., Krüger, J. T., Neuser, M., Grydin, O., Böhnke, M., Bielak, C. R., &#38; Troschitz, J. (2022). Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, <i>5</i>, Article 100108. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>","ieee":"R. Kupfer <i>et al.</i>, “Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties,” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, Art. no. 100108, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>.","chicago":"Kupfer, Robert, Daniel Köhler, David Römisch, Simon Wituschek, Lars Ewenz, Jan Kalich, Deborah Weiß, et al. “Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i> 5 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>.","ama":"Kupfer R, Köhler D, Römisch D, et al. Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>. 2022;5. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100108</a>"},"intvolume":"         5","project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"_id":"148","name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04"},{"_id":"146","name":"TRR 285 – C02: TRR 285 - Subproject C02"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"},{"_id":"132","name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B"},{"_id":"141","name":"TRR 285 – B02: TRR 285 - Subproject B02"},{"name":"TRR 285 – A04: TRR 285 - Subproject A04","_id":"138"},{"_id":"135","name":"TRR 285 – A01: TRR 285 - Subproject A01"},{"_id":"136","name":"TRR 285 – A02: TRR 285 - Subproject A02"},{"_id":"149","name":"TRR 285 – C05: TRR 285 - Subproject C05"},{"name":"TRR 285 – B04: TRR 285 - Subproject B04","_id":"143"}],"_id":"34215","user_id":"34782","department":[{"_id":"630"},{"_id":"158"}],"article_number":"100108","type":"journal_article","status":"public","publisher":"Elsevier BV","date_created":"2022-12-05T21:17:22Z","title":"Clinching of Aluminum Materials – Methods for the Continuous Characterization of Process, Microstructure and Properties","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2022","keyword":["Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials","Engineering (miscellaneous)","Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Advanced Joining Processes","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Clinching as a mechanical joining technique allows a fast and reliable joining of metal sheets in large-scale production. An efficient design and dimensioning of clinched joints requires a holistic understanding of the material, the joining process and the resulting properties of the joint. In this paper, the process chain for clinching metal sheets is described and experimental techniques are proposed to analyze the process-microstructure-property relationships from the sheet metal to the joined structure. At the example of clinching aluminum EN AW 6014, characterization methods are applied and discussed for the following characteristics: the mechanical properties of the sheet materials, the tribological behavior in the joining system, the joining process and the resulting material structure, the load-bearing behavior of the joint, the damage and degradation as well as the service life and crack growth behavior. The compilation of the characterization methods gives an overview on the advantages and weaknesses of the methods and the multiple interactions of material, process and properties during clinching. In addition, the results of the analyses on EN AW 6014 can be applied for parameterization and validation of simulations."}]},{"project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"name":"TRR 285 - A: TRR 285 - Project Area A","_id":"131"},{"_id":"135","name":"TRR 285 – A01: TRR 285 - Subproject A01"},{"name":"TRR 285 – A04: TRR 285 - Subproject A04","_id":"138"},{"_id":"137","name":"TRR 285 – A03: TRR 285 - Subproject A03"},{"_id":"132","name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B"},{"_id":"140","name":"TRR 285 – B01: TRR 285 - Subproject B01"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"},{"_id":"146","name":"TRR 285 – C02: TRR 285 - Subproject C02"},{"_id":"147","name":"TRR 285 – C03: TRR 285 - Subproject C03"},{"_id":"148","name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04"}],"_id":"34216","user_id":"66459","department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"156"},{"_id":"9"}],"article_number":"100113","keyword":["Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials","Engineering (miscellaneous)","Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Journal of Advanced Joining Processes","abstract":[{"text":"Mechanical joining technologies are increasingly used in multi-material lightweight constructions and offer opportunities to create versatile joining processes due to their low heat input, robustness to metallurgical incompatibilities and various process variants. They can be categorised into technologies which require an auxiliary joining element, or do not require an auxiliary joining element. A typical example for a mechanical joining process with auxiliary joining element is self-piercing riveting. A wide range of processes exist which are not requiring an auxiliary joining element. This allows both point-shaped (e.g., by clinching) and line-shaped (e.g., friction stir welding) joints to be produced. In order to achieve versatile processes, challenges exist in particular in the creation of intervention possibilities in the process and the understanding and handling of materials that are difficult to join, such as fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) or high-strength metals. In addition, predictive capability is required, which in particular requires accurate process simulation. Finally, the processes must be measured non-destructively in order to generate control variables in the process or to investigate the cause-effect relationship. This paper covers the state of the art in scientific research concerning mechanical joining and discusses future challenges on the way to versatile mechanical joining processes.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2023-04-27T08:52:38Z","publisher":"Elsevier BV","date_created":"2022-12-05T21:24:49Z","author":[{"full_name":"Meschut, Gerson","id":"32056","last_name":"Meschut","orcid":"0000-0002-2763-1246","first_name":"Gerson"},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, M."},{"full_name":"Brosius, A.","last_name":"Brosius","first_name":"A."},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Drummer, D.","last_name":"Drummer"},{"full_name":"Fratini, L.","last_name":"Fratini","first_name":"L."},{"first_name":"U.","last_name":"Füssel","full_name":"Füssel, U."},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Gude, M.","last_name":"Gude"},{"first_name":"Werner","id":"233","full_name":"Homberg, Werner","last_name":"Homberg"},{"first_name":"P.A.F.","last_name":"Martins","full_name":"Martins, P.A.F."},{"full_name":"Bobbert, Mathias","id":"7850","last_name":"Bobbert","first_name":"Mathias"},{"last_name":"Lechner","full_name":"Lechner, M.","first_name":"M."},{"last_name":"Kupfer","full_name":"Kupfer, R.","first_name":"R."},{"first_name":"B.","full_name":"Gröger, B.","last_name":"Gröger"},{"last_name":"Han","full_name":"Han, Daxin","id":"36544","first_name":"Daxin"},{"last_name":"Kalich","full_name":"Kalich, J.","first_name":"J."},{"last_name":"Kappe","full_name":"Kappe, Fabian","id":"66459","first_name":"Fabian"},{"first_name":"T.","full_name":"Kleffel, T.","last_name":"Kleffel"},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Köhler, D.","last_name":"Köhler"},{"first_name":"C.-M.","last_name":"Kuball","full_name":"Kuball, C.-M."},{"first_name":"J.","full_name":"Popp, J.","last_name":"Popp"},{"full_name":"Römisch, D.","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"D."},{"last_name":"Troschitz","full_name":"Troschitz, J.","first_name":"J."},{"last_name":"Wischer","full_name":"Wischer, Christian","id":"72219","first_name":"Christian"},{"first_name":"S.","full_name":"Wituschek, S.","last_name":"Wituschek"},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Wolf, M.","last_name":"Wolf"}],"volume":5,"title":"Review on mechanical joining by plastic deformation","doi":"10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2666-3309"]},"year":"2022","citation":{"apa":"Meschut, G., Merklein, M., Brosius, A., Drummer, D., Fratini, L., Füssel, U., Gude, M., Homberg, W., Martins, P. A. F., Bobbert, M., Lechner, M., Kupfer, R., Gröger, B., Han, D., Kalich, J., Kappe, F., Kleffel, T., Köhler, D., Kuball, C.-M., … Wolf, M. (2022). Review on mechanical joining by plastic deformation. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, <i>5</i>, Article 100113. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>","bibtex":"@article{Meschut_Merklein_Brosius_Drummer_Fratini_Füssel_Gude_Homberg_Martins_Bobbert_et al._2022, title={Review on mechanical joining by plastic deformation}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>}, number={100113}, journal={Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Meschut, Gerson and Merklein, M. and Brosius, A. and Drummer, D. and Fratini, L. and Füssel, U. and Gude, M. and Homberg, Werner and Martins, P.A.F. and Bobbert, Mathias and et al.}, year={2022} }","short":"G. Meschut, M. Merklein, A. Brosius, D. Drummer, L. Fratini, U. Füssel, M. Gude, W. Homberg, P.A.F. Martins, M. Bobbert, M. Lechner, R. Kupfer, B. Gröger, D. Han, J. Kalich, F. Kappe, T. Kleffel, D. Köhler, C.-M. Kuball, J. Popp, D. Römisch, J. Troschitz, C. Wischer, S. Wituschek, M. Wolf, Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 5 (2022).","mla":"Meschut, Gerson, et al. “Review on Mechanical Joining by Plastic Deformation.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, 100113, Elsevier BV, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>.","ama":"Meschut G, Merklein M, Brosius A, et al. Review on mechanical joining by plastic deformation. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>. 2022;5. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>","ieee":"G. Meschut <i>et al.</i>, “Review on mechanical joining by plastic deformation,” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, Art. no. 100113, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>.","chicago":"Meschut, Gerson, M. Merklein, A. Brosius, D. Drummer, L. Fratini, U. Füssel, M. Gude, et al. “Review on Mechanical Joining by Plastic Deformation.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i> 5 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2022.100113</a>."},"intvolume":"         5"},{"date_updated":"2023-04-27T07:42:19Z","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","author":[{"last_name":"Zirngibl","full_name":"Zirngibl, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph"},{"first_name":"Patricia","full_name":"Kügler, Patricia","last_name":"Kügler"},{"first_name":"Julian","full_name":"Popp, Julian","last_name":"Popp"},{"full_name":"Bielak, Christian Roman","id":"34782","last_name":"Bielak","first_name":"Christian Roman"},{"full_name":"Bobbert, Mathias","id":"7850","last_name":"Bobbert","first_name":"Mathias"},{"first_name":"Dietmar","full_name":"Drummer, Dietmar","last_name":"Drummer"},{"first_name":"Gerson","orcid":"0000-0002-2763-1246","last_name":"Meschut","id":"32056","full_name":"Meschut, Gerson"},{"first_name":"Sandro","full_name":"Wartzack, Sandro","last_name":"Wartzack"},{"full_name":"Schleich, Benjamin","last_name":"Schleich","first_name":"Benjamin"}],"date_created":"2022-02-25T07:19:45Z","title":"Provision of cross-domain knowledge in mechanical joining using ontologies","doi":"10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0944-6524","1863-7353"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","year":"2022","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Zirngibl_Kügler_Popp_Bielak_Bobbert_Drummer_Meschut_Wartzack_Schleich_2022, title={Provision of cross-domain knowledge in mechanical joining using ontologies}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>}, journal={Production Engineering}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Zirngibl, Christoph and Kügler, Patricia and Popp, Julian and Bielak, Christian Roman and Bobbert, Mathias and Drummer, Dietmar and Meschut, Gerson and Wartzack, Sandro and Schleich, Benjamin}, year={2022} }","short":"C. Zirngibl, P. Kügler, J. Popp, C.R. Bielak, M. Bobbert, D. Drummer, G. Meschut, S. Wartzack, B. Schleich, Production Engineering (2022).","mla":"Zirngibl, Christoph, et al. “Provision of Cross-Domain Knowledge in Mechanical Joining Using Ontologies.” <i>Production Engineering</i>, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>.","apa":"Zirngibl, C., Kügler, P., Popp, J., Bielak, C. R., Bobbert, M., Drummer, D., Meschut, G., Wartzack, S., &#38; Schleich, B. (2022). Provision of cross-domain knowledge in mechanical joining using ontologies. <i>Production Engineering</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>","chicago":"Zirngibl, Christoph, Patricia Kügler, Julian Popp, Christian Roman Bielak, Mathias Bobbert, Dietmar Drummer, Gerson Meschut, Sandro Wartzack, and Benjamin Schleich. “Provision of Cross-Domain Knowledge in Mechanical Joining Using Ontologies.” <i>Production Engineering</i>, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>.","ieee":"C. Zirngibl <i>et al.</i>, “Provision of cross-domain knowledge in mechanical joining using ontologies,” <i>Production Engineering</i>, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>.","ama":"Zirngibl C, Kügler P, Popp J, et al. Provision of cross-domain knowledge in mechanical joining using ontologies. <i>Production Engineering</i>. Published online 2022. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y\">10.1007/s11740-022-01117-y</a>"},"_id":"30100","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"_id":"132","name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B"},{"name":"TRR 285 – B05: TRR 285 - Subproject B05","_id":"144"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"},{"_id":"131","name":"TRR 285 - A: TRR 285 - Project Area A"},{"_id":"135","name":"TRR 285 – A01: TRR 285 - Subproject A01"}],"department":[{"_id":"157"}],"user_id":"7850","keyword":["Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","Mechanical Engineering"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Production Engineering","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"Since the application of mechanical joining methods, such as clinching or riveting, offers a robust solution for the generation of advanced multi-material connections, the use in the field of lightweight designs (e.g. automotive industry) is steadily increasing. Therefore, not only the design of an individual joint is required but also the dimensioning of the entire joining connection is crucial. However, in comparison to thermal joining techniques, such as spot welding, the evaluation of the joints’ resistance against defined requirements (e.g. types of load, minimal amount of load cycles) mainly relies on the consideration of expert knowledge, a few design principles and a small amount of experimental data. Since this generally implies the involvement of several domains, such as the material characterization or the part design, a tremendous amount of data and knowledge is separately generated for a certain dimensioning process. Nevertheless, the lack of formalization and standardization in representing the gained knowledge leads to a difficult and inconsistent reuse, sharing or searching of already existing information. Thus, this contribution presents a specific ontology for the provision of cross-domain knowledge about mechanical joining processes and highlights two potential use cases of this ontology in the design of clinched and pin joints.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public"},{"year":"2021","page":"239","intvolume":"         5","citation":{"ieee":"J. Popp, M. Wolf, T. Mattner, and D. Drummer, “Energy direction in ultrasonic impregnation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics,” <i>Journal of Composites Science</i>, vol. 5, p. 239, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">10.3390/jcs5090239</a>.","chicago":"Popp, J., M. Wolf, T. Mattner, and D. Drummer. “Energy Direction in Ultrasonic Impregnation of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics.” <i>Journal of Composites Science</i> 5 (2021): 239. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239</a>.","ama":"Popp J, Wolf M, Mattner T, Drummer D. Energy direction in ultrasonic impregnation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. <i>Journal of Composites Science</i>. 2021;5:239. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">10.3390/jcs5090239</a>","apa":"Popp, J., Wolf, M., Mattner, T., &#38; Drummer, D. (2021). Energy direction in ultrasonic impregnation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. <i>Journal of Composites Science</i>, <i>5</i>, 239. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239</a>","short":"J. Popp, M. Wolf, T. Mattner, D. Drummer, Journal of Composites Science 5 (2021) 239.","bibtex":"@article{Popp_Wolf_Mattner_Drummer_2021, title={Energy direction in ultrasonic impregnation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">10.3390/jcs5090239</a>}, journal={Journal of Composites Science}, author={Popp, J. and Wolf, M. and Mattner, T. and Drummer, D.}, year={2021}, pages={239} }","mla":"Popp, J., et al. “Energy Direction in Ultrasonic Impregnation of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastics.” <i>Journal of Composites Science</i>, vol. 5, 2021, p. 239, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs5090239\">10.3390/jcs5090239</a>."},"title":"Energy direction in ultrasonic impregnation of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastics","doi":"10.3390/jcs5090239","date_updated":"2022-03-29T12:43:36Z","volume":5,"author":[{"last_name":"Popp","full_name":"Popp, J.","first_name":"J."},{"last_name":"Wolf","full_name":"Wolf, M.","first_name":"M."},{"first_name":"T.","full_name":"Mattner, T.","last_name":"Mattner"},{"first_name":"D.","last_name":"Drummer","full_name":"Drummer, D."}],"date_created":"2022-03-28T12:25:45Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"As a new and innovative processing method for fabrication for fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTs), the feasibility of ultrasonic welding technology was proven in several studies. This method offers potential for the direct manufacturing of CFRT–metal structures via embedded pin structures. Despite the previous studies, a deeper understanding of the process of energy input and whether fibers work as energy directors and consequently can, in combination with chosen processing parameters, influence the consolidation quality of the CFRTs, is still unknown. Consequently, the aim of this work is to establish a deeper process understanding of the ultrasonic direct impregnation of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics with an emphasis on the fiber’s function as energy directors. Based on the generated insights, a better assessment of the feasibility of direct, hybrid part manufacturing is possible. The produced samples were primarily evaluated by optical and mechanical test methods. It is demonstrated that with higher welding time and amplitude, a better consolidation quality can be achieved and that independent of the process parameters chosen in this study, no significant fiber breakage occurs. This is interpreted as a sign of a gentle impregnation process. Furthermore, based on the examination of single roving and 5-layer set-ups, it is shown that the glass fibers function as energy directors and can influence the transformation of sonic energy into thermal energy. In comparison to industrially available CFRT material, the mechanical properties are weaker, but materials and processes offer potential for significant improvement. Based on these findings, proposals for a direct impregnation and joining process are made."}],"status":"public","publication":"Journal of Composites Science","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"30645","project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"user_id":"68518"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"68518","project":[{"_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","grant_number":"418701707"},{"name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B","_id":"132"},{"name":"TRR 285 – B05: TRR 285 - Subproject B05","_id":"144"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"_id":"30650","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Due to increasingly strict emission targets and regulatory requirements, especially for companies in the transport industry, the demand for multi-material-systems is continuously rising in order to lower energy consumption. In this context, mechanical joining processes offer an environmentally friendly and flexible alternative to established joining methods, especially in the field of lightweight design. For example, cold-formed cylindrical pin structures show high potentials in joining multi-material-systems without auxiliary elements. The pin structures are joined either by pressing them directly into the joining partner or by caulking with a pre-punched part. However, to evaluate the strength of the joint and to ensure the joining reliability for versatile processes, such as changing joining partners or batch variations, engineering designers currently have only limited design principles available compared to thermal joining processes. Consequently, the design of an optimal pin joint requires cost- and time-intensive experimental investigations and adjustments to design or process parameters. As a solution, data-driven methods offer procedures for structuring data and identifying dependencies between varying process parameters and resulting pin structure characteristics. Motivated by this, the paper presents an approach for the data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structures and offers a deeper understanding of how versatile processes affect the pin characteristics. Therefore, the application of an intelligent design of experiment in combination with several machine learning methods enable the setup of a best-fitting meta-model. Resulting, the determination of a mathematical model provides the opportunity to accurately estimate the pin height considering only relevant geometrical and process parameters with a prediction quality of 95 %.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","doi":"10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077","title":"Data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structure characteristics in the context of versatile joining processes","author":[{"last_name":"Römisch","full_name":"Römisch, D.","first_name":"D."},{"full_name":"Zirngibl, C.","last_name":"Zirngibl","first_name":"C."},{"last_name":"Schleich","full_name":"Schleich, B.","first_name":"B."},{"first_name":"S.","last_name":"Wartzack","full_name":"Wartzack, S."},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, M.","first_name":"M."}],"date_created":"2022-03-28T12:48:01Z","volume":1157,"date_updated":"2022-03-29T15:45:44Z","citation":{"ieee":"D. Römisch, C. Zirngibl, B. Schleich, S. Wartzack, and M. Merklein, “Data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structure characteristics in the context of versatile joining processes,” <i>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</i>, vol. 1157, p. 012077, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>.","chicago":"Römisch, D., C. Zirngibl, B. Schleich, S. Wartzack, and M. Merklein. “Data-Driven Analysis of Cold-Formed Pin Structure Characteristics in the Context of Versatile Joining Processes.” <i>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</i> 1157 (2021): 012077. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Zirngibl_Schleich_Wartzack_Merklein_2021, title={Data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structure characteristics in the context of versatile joining processes}, volume={1157}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>}, journal={IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering}, author={Römisch, D. and Zirngibl, C. and Schleich, B. and Wartzack, S. and Merklein, M.}, year={2021}, pages={012077} }","mla":"Römisch, D., et al. “Data-Driven Analysis of Cold-Formed Pin Structure Characteristics in the Context of Versatile Joining Processes.” <i>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</i>, vol. 1157, 2021, p. 012077, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>.","short":"D. Römisch, C. Zirngibl, B. Schleich, S. Wartzack, M. Merklein, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1157 (2021) 012077.","ama":"Römisch D, Zirngibl C, Schleich B, Wartzack S, Merklein M. Data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structure characteristics in the context of versatile joining processes. <i>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</i>. 2021;1157:012077. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>","apa":"Römisch, D., Zirngibl, C., Schleich, B., Wartzack, S., &#38; Merklein, M. (2021). Data-driven analysis of cold-formed pin structure characteristics in the context of versatile joining processes. <i>IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering</i>, <i>1157</i>, 012077. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1157/1/012077</a>"},"page":"012077","intvolume":"      1157","year":"2021"},{"date_created":"2022-03-28T12:53:14Z","author":[{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Popp","full_name":"Popp, J."},{"last_name":"Kleffel","full_name":"Kleffel, T.","first_name":"T."},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Römisch, D.","last_name":"Römisch"},{"first_name":"T.","last_name":"Papke","full_name":"Papke, T."},{"last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, M.","first_name":"M."},{"last_name":"Drummer","full_name":"Drummer, D.","first_name":"D."}],"volume":28,"date_updated":"2022-03-29T15:50:53Z","doi":"10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0","title":"Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Popp_Kleffel_Römisch_Papke_Merklein_Drummer_2021, title={Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins}, volume={28}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>}, journal={Applied Composite Materials}, author={Popp, J. and Kleffel, T. and Römisch, D. and Papke, T. and Merklein, M. and Drummer, D.}, year={2021}, pages={951–972} }","mla":"Popp, J., et al. “Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins.” <i>Applied Composite Materials</i>, vol. 28, 2021, pp. 951–972, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>.","short":"J. Popp, T. Kleffel, D. Römisch, T. Papke, M. Merklein, D. Drummer, Applied Composite Materials 28 (2021) 951–972.","apa":"Popp, J., Kleffel, T., Römisch, D., Papke, T., Merklein, M., &#38; Drummer, D. (2021). Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins. <i>Applied Composite Materials</i>, <i>28</i>, 951–972. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>","ama":"Popp J, Kleffel T, Römisch D, Papke T, Merklein M, Drummer D. Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins. <i>Applied Composite Materials</i>. 2021;28:951–972. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>","chicago":"Popp, J., T. Kleffel, D. Römisch, T. Papke, M. Merklein, and D. Drummer. “Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins.” <i>Applied Composite Materials</i> 28 (2021): 951–972. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>.","ieee":"J. Popp, T. Kleffel, D. Römisch, T. Papke, M. Merklein, and D. Drummer, “Fiber Orientation Mechanism of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Hybrid Parts Joined with Metallic Pins,” <i>Applied Composite Materials</i>, vol. 28, pp. 951–972, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0\">10.1007/s10443-021-09892-0</a>."},"intvolume":"        28","page":"951–972","year":"2021","user_id":"68518","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"_id":"30653","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Applied Composite Materials","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic (CFRT) hybrid parts offer interesting possibilities for lightweight application, which can exceed the capabilities of mono material metal or CFRT parts. In this case, the joining technology oftentimes is the limiting factor. This study investigates a joining operation with metal pin structures which are additively manufactured via powder bed fusion featuring different diameters and tip geometries, which are inserted into the locally infrared heated CFRT part. The resulting fiber rearrangement is assessed using transmitted light microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy as well as micro-computer-tomography. It could be shown that for all assessed pin variants a similar distinct fiber displacement can be seen and that the pin diameter has a significant effect on the resulting fiber orientation with smaller pin diameters being advantageous because of gentle fiber displacement and reduced undulation. The tip geometry has only minor effect on the fiber orientation. Especially in the X/Y plane no systematic influence of the tip geometry on the fiber displacement could be observed. Based on the gained insights a three-stage model of the fiber orientation processes is proposed."}]},{"type":"journal_article","publication":"Production Engineering","status":"public","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"_id":"30701","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2021","citation":{"ama":"Römisch D, Popp J, Drummer D, Merklein M. Joining of CFRT-steel hybrid parts via hole-forming and subsequent pin caulking. <i>Production Engineering</i>. Published online 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>","chicago":"Römisch, D., J. Popp, D. Drummer, and M. Merklein. “Joining of CFRT-Steel Hybrid Parts via Hole-Forming and Subsequent Pin Caulking.” <i>Production Engineering</i>, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>.","ieee":"D. Römisch, J. Popp, D. Drummer, and M. Merklein, “Joining of CFRT-steel hybrid parts via hole-forming and subsequent pin caulking,” <i>Production Engineering</i>, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Popp_Drummer_Merklein_2021, title={Joining of CFRT-steel hybrid parts via hole-forming and subsequent pin caulking}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>}, journal={Production Engineering}, author={Römisch, D. and Popp, J. and Drummer, D. and Merklein, M.}, year={2021} }","short":"D. Römisch, J. Popp, D. Drummer, M. Merklein, Production Engineering (2021).","mla":"Römisch, D., et al. “Joining of CFRT-Steel Hybrid Parts via Hole-Forming and Subsequent Pin Caulking.” <i>Production Engineering</i>, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>.","apa":"Römisch, D., Popp, J., Drummer, D., &#38; Merklein, M. (2021). Joining of CFRT-steel hybrid parts via hole-forming and subsequent pin caulking. <i>Production Engineering</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9</a>"},"date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:20:14Z","author":[{"first_name":"D.","last_name":"Römisch","full_name":"Römisch, D."},{"first_name":"J.","full_name":"Popp, J.","last_name":"Popp"},{"first_name":"D.","full_name":"Drummer, D.","last_name":"Drummer"},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Merklein, M.","last_name":"Merklein"}],"date_created":"2022-03-29T09:21:36Z","title":"Joining of CFRT-steel hybrid parts via hole-forming and subsequent pin caulking","doi":"10.1007/s11740-021-01093-9"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"630"}],"user_id":"14931","_id":"30684","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Due to stricter emission targets in the mobility sector and the resulting trend towards lightweight construction in order to reduce weight and consequently emissions, multi-material systems that allow a material to be placed in the right quantity and in the right place are becoming increasingly important. One major challenge that is holding back the rapid and widespread use of multi-material systems is the lack of adequate joining processes that are suitable for joining dissimilar materials. Joining processes without auxiliary elements have the advantage of a reduced assembly effort and no additional added weight. Conventional joining processes without auxiliary elements, such as welding, clinching, or the use of adhesives, reach their limits due to different mechanical properties and chemical incompatibilities. A process with potential in the field of joining dissimilar materials is joining without an auxiliary element using pin structures. However, current pin manufacturing processes are mostly time-consuming or can only be integrated barely into existing industrial manufacturing processes due to their specific properties. For this reason, the present work investigates the production of single- and multi-pin structures from high-strength dual-phase steel HCT590X + Z (DP600, t0 = 1.5 mm) by cold extrusion directly out of the sheet metal. These structures are subsequently joined with an aluminium sheet (EN AW-6014-T4, t0 = 1.5 mm) by direct pin pressing. For a quantitative evaluation of the joint quality, tensile shear tests are carried out and the influence of different pin heights, pin number, and pin arrangements, as well as different joining strategies on the joint strength is experimentally evaluated. It is proven that a single pin structure with a diameter of 1.5 mm and an average height of 1.86 mm achieves a maximum tensile shear force of 1025 N. The results reveal that the formation of a form-fit during direct pin pressing is essential for the joint strength. By increasing the number of pins, a linear increase in force could be demonstrated, which is independent of the arrangement of the pin structures."}],"publication":"Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.3390/jmmp5010025","title":"Experimental study on joining by forming of hct590x + z and en-aw 6014 sheets using cold extruded pin structures","volume":5,"date_created":"2022-03-29T08:48:14Z","author":[{"full_name":"Römisch, D.","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"D."},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Kraus","full_name":"Kraus, M."},{"full_name":"Merklein, M.","last_name":"Merklein","first_name":"M."}],"date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:47:27Z","intvolume":"         5","page":"25","citation":{"ama":"Römisch D, Kraus M, Merklein M. Experimental study on joining by forming of hct590x + z and en-aw 6014 sheets using cold extruded pin structures. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>. 2021;5:25. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>","chicago":"Römisch, D., M. Kraus, and M. Merklein. “Experimental Study on Joining by Forming of Hct590x + z and En-Aw 6014 Sheets Using Cold Extruded Pin Structures.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i> 5 (2021): 25. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>.","ieee":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, and M. Merklein, “Experimental study on joining by forming of hct590x + z and en-aw 6014 sheets using cold extruded pin structures,” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 5, p. 25, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>.","apa":"Römisch, D., Kraus, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2021). Experimental study on joining by forming of hct590x + z and en-aw 6014 sheets using cold extruded pin structures. <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, <i>5</i>, 25. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>","short":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, M. Merklein, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5 (2021) 25.","mla":"Römisch, D., et al. “Experimental Study on Joining by Forming of Hct590x + z and En-Aw 6014 Sheets Using Cold Extruded Pin Structures.” <i>Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing</i>, vol. 5, 2021, p. 25, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Kraus_Merklein_2021, title={Experimental study on joining by forming of hct590x + z and en-aw 6014 sheets using cold extruded pin structures}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5010025\">10.3390/jmmp5010025</a>}, journal={Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing}, author={Römisch, D. and Kraus, M. and Merklein, M.}, year={2021}, pages={25} }"},"year":"2021"},{"year":"2021","page":"19-26","intvolume":"       883","citation":{"ama":"Römisch D, Kraus M, Merklein M. Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies when Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements. <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>. 2021;883:19-26. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>","ieee":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, and M. Merklein, “Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies when Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements,” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, vol. 883, pp. 19–26, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>.","chicago":"Römisch, D., M. Kraus, and M. Merklein. “Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies When Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements.” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i> 883 (2021): 19–26. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>.","short":"D. Römisch, M. Kraus, M. Merklein, Key Engineering Materials 883 (2021) 19–26.","mla":"Römisch, D., et al. “Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies When Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements.” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, vol. 883, 2021, pp. 19–26, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Römisch_Kraus_Merklein_2021, title={Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies when Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements}, volume={883}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>}, journal={Key Engineering Materials}, author={Römisch, D. and Kraus, M. and Merklein, M.}, year={2021}, pages={19–26} }","apa":"Römisch, D., Kraus, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2021). Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies when Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements. <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, <i>883</i>, 19–26. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19\">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19</a>"},"title":"Investigation of Different Joining by Forming Strategies when Connecting Different Metals without Auxiliary Elements","doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.19","date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:47:47Z","volume":883,"date_created":"2022-03-29T08:45:16Z","author":[{"full_name":"Römisch, D.","last_name":"Römisch","first_name":"D."},{"full_name":"Kraus, M.","last_name":"Kraus","first_name":"M."},{"first_name":"M.","last_name":"Merklein","full_name":"Merklein, M."}],"abstract":[{"text":"Lightweight constructions become more and more important, especially in the mobility sector. In this industry, the increasingly strict regulations regarding the emissions of carbon dioxide can be achieved to a certain extent by reducing the vehicle weight. Thus, multi-material systems are used. Conventional joining techniques reach their limits when joining different materials due to different thermal expansion, unequal stiffness or chemical incompatibilities. This is why additional joining elements or adhesives are used. These must be viewed critically regarding a lightweight and resource-efficient production, since they add weight or complicate the recycling process of these components. Consequently, there is a great and growing need for new versatile joining technologies in order to overcome these challenges and to be able to react to changing process parameters and boundary conditions. Joining without an auxiliary element using pin structures formed directly from the sheet metal plane is one approach to meet these challenges. These pin structures are then joined by direct pressing into the joining partner. This is possible with a variety of material combinations, but is advantageous with regard to continuous fibre-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTP), as the fibres do not have to be cut when joining CFRTP using pin structures. In this paper, the formability of pin structures made of a dual-phase steel DP600 (HCT590X + Z) is investigated. The extruded pin structures are joined by direct pin pressing with an EN AW-6014 to form tensile shear specimens. Different joining strategies are investigated to compare their influence on the joint strength. The results have shown that it is feasible to form suitable pins from a DP600 dual-phase steel to produce reliable connections with an aluminium sheet joined by direct pin pressing. ","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication":"Key Engineering Materials","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"30682","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"department":[{"_id":"630"}],"user_id":"14931"},{"issue":"3-4","citation":{"apa":"Popp, J., Kleffel, T., &#38; Drummer, D. (2021). Influence of pin geometry on the joint strength of CFRT-metal hybrid parts with metallic pins. <i>Joining Plastics</i>, <i>15</i>(3–4).","short":"J. Popp, T. Kleffel, D. Drummer, Joining Plastics 15 (2021).","bibtex":"@article{Popp_Kleffel_Drummer_2021, title={Influence of pin geometry on the joint strength of CFRT-metal hybrid parts with metallic pins}, volume={15}, number={3–4}, journal={Joining Plastics}, author={Popp, Julian and Kleffel, Tobias and Drummer, Dietmar}, year={2021} }","mla":"Popp, Julian, et al. “Influence of Pin Geometry on the Joint Strength of CFRT-Metal Hybrid Parts with Metallic Pins.” <i>Joining Plastics</i>, vol. 15, no. 3–4, 2021.","ama":"Popp J, Kleffel T, Drummer D. Influence of pin geometry on the joint strength of CFRT-metal hybrid parts with metallic pins. <i>Joining Plastics</i>. 2021;15(3-4).","ieee":"J. Popp, T. Kleffel, and D. Drummer, “Influence of pin geometry on the joint strength of CFRT-metal hybrid parts with metallic pins,” <i>Joining Plastics</i>, vol. 15, no. 3–4, 2021.","chicago":"Popp, Julian, Tobias Kleffel, and Dietmar Drummer. “Influence of Pin Geometry on the Joint Strength of CFRT-Metal Hybrid Parts with Metallic Pins.” <i>Joining Plastics</i> 15, no. 3–4 (2021)."},"intvolume":"        15","year":"2021","date_created":"2023-01-23T20:31:42Z","author":[{"first_name":"Julian","last_name":"Popp","full_name":"Popp, Julian"},{"full_name":"Kleffel, Tobias","last_name":"Kleffel","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Drummer","full_name":"Drummer, Dietmar","first_name":"Dietmar"}],"volume":15,"date_updated":"2023-01-23T20:36:47Z","title":"Influence of pin geometry on the joint strength of CFRT-metal hybrid parts with metallic pins","type":"journal_article","publication":"Joining Plastics","status":"public","user_id":"7850","department":[{"_id":"630"}],"project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"_id":"145","name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01"}],"_id":"38517","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"630"}],"user_id":"14931","_id":"30703","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C01: TRR 285 - Subproject C01","_id":"145"}],"status":"public","publication":"Journal of Materials Processing Technology","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697","title":"Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures","volume":283,"date_created":"2022-03-29T09:23:52Z","author":[{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Kraus, M.","last_name":"Kraus"},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Merklein, M.","last_name":"Merklein"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-02T11:57:58Z","page":"116697","intvolume":"       283","citation":{"ama":"Kraus M, Merklein M. Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures. <i>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</i>. 2020;283:116697. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>","chicago":"Kraus, M., and M. Merklein. “Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures.” <i>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</i> 283 (2020): 116697. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>.","ieee":"M. Kraus and M. Merklein, “Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures,” <i>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</i>, vol. 283, p. 116697, 2020, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>.","apa":"Kraus, M., &#38; Merklein, M. (2020). Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures. <i>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</i>, <i>283</i>, 116697. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>","mla":"Kraus, M., and M. Merklein. “Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures.” <i>Journal of Materials Processing Technology</i>, vol. 283, 2020, p. 116697, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>.","short":"M. Kraus, M. Merklein, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 283 (2020) 116697.","bibtex":"@article{Kraus_Merklein_2020, title={Potential of Joining Dissimilar Materials by Cold Formed Pin-Structures}, volume={283}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697\">10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116697</a>}, journal={Journal of Materials Processing Technology}, author={Kraus, M. and Merklein, M.}, year={2020}, pages={116697} }"},"year":"2020"}]