[{"file_date_updated":"2021-03-18T17:12:56Z","project":[{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4","_id":"16"}],"_id":"21543","user_id":"35343","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","conference":{"location":"Washington, DC, USA","name":"IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)"},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:55:04Z","oa":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"first_name":"Haydar","last_name":"Qarawlus","full_name":"Qarawlus, Haydar"},{"full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126","last_name":"Karl","first_name":"Holger"}],"citation":{"apa":"Schneider, S. B., Qarawlus, H., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE.","short":"S.B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), IEEE, 2021.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Qarawlus_Karl_2021, title={Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Qarawlus, Haydar and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, IEEE, 2021.","ama":"Schneider SB, Qarawlus H, Karl H. Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE; 2021.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, and H. Karl, “Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, Washington, DC, USA, 2021.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Haydar Qarawlus, and Holger Karl. “Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” In <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE, 2021."},"has_accepted_license":"1","related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://github.com/ RealVNF/distributed-drl-coordination","relation":"software"}]},"ddc":["000"],"keyword":["network management","service management","coordination","reinforcement learning","distributed"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Services often consist of multiple chained components such as microservices in a service mesh, or machine learning functions in a pipeline. Providing these services requires online coordination including scaling the service, placing instance of all components in the network, scheduling traffic to these instances, and routing traffic through the network. Optimized service coordination is still a hard problem due to many influencing factors such as rapidly arriving user demands and limited node and link capacity. Existing approaches to solve the problem are often built on rigid models and assumptions, tailored to specific scenarios. If the scenario changes and the assumptions no longer hold, they easily break and require manual adjustments by experts. Novel self-learning approaches using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) are promising but still have limitations as they only address simplified versions of the problem and are typically centralized and thus do not scale to practical large-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo address these issues, we propose a distributed self-learning service coordination approach using DRL. After centralized training, we deploy a distributed DRL agent at each node in the network, making fast coordination decisions locally in parallel with the other nodes. Each agent only observes its direct neighbors and does not need global knowledge. Hence, our approach scales independently from the size of the network. In our extensive evaluation using real-world network topologies and traffic traces, we show that our proposed approach outperforms a state-of-the-art conventional heuristic as well as a centralized DRL approach (60% higher throughput on average) while requiring less time per online decision (1 ms).","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","creator":"stschn","date_created":"2021-03-18T17:12:56Z","date_updated":"2021-03-18T17:12:56Z","file_name":"public_author_version.pdf","file_id":"21544","access_level":"open_access","title":"Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","file_size":606321}],"publication":"IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)","title":"Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2021-03-18T17:15:47Z","year":"2021"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"ieee":"S. B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, and H. Karl, “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination,” in <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, Bordeaux, France, 2021.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Mirko Jürgens, and Holger Karl. “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination.” In <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE, 2021.","ama":"Schneider SB, Jürgens M, Karl H. Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination. In: <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE; 2021.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination.” <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, IFIP/IEEE, 2021.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Jürgens_Karl_2021, title={Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination}, booktitle={IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)}, publisher={IFIP/IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Jürgens, Mirko and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }","short":"S.B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, H. Karl, in: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM), IFIP/IEEE, 2021.","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Jürgens, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination. In <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. Bordeaux, France: IFIP/IEEE."},"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:54:32Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan Balthasar","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","last_name":"Schneider"},{"last_name":"Jürgens","full_name":"Jürgens, Mirko","first_name":"Mirko"},{"first_name":"Holger","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl"}],"conference":{"name":"IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)","location":"Bordeaux, France"},"type":"conference","status":"public","project":[{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"_id":"20693","user_id":"35343","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"file_date_updated":"2020-12-11T08:37:37Z","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2021","publisher":"IFIP/IEEE","date_created":"2020-12-11T08:39:47Z","title":"Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination","publication":"IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In practical, large-scale networks, services are requested\r\nby users across the globe, e.g., for video streaming.\r\nServices consist of multiple interconnected components such as\r\nmicroservices in a service mesh. Coordinating these services\r\nrequires scaling them according to continuously changing user\r\ndemand, deploying instances at the edge close to their users,\r\nand routing traffic efficiently between users and connected instances.\r\nNetwork and service coordination is commonly addressed\r\nthrough centralized approaches, where a single coordinator\r\nknows everything and coordinates the entire network globally.\r\nWhile such centralized approaches can reach global optima, they\r\ndo not scale to large, realistic networks. In contrast, distributed\r\napproaches scale well, but sacrifice solution quality due to their\r\nlimited scope of knowledge and coordination decisions.\r\n\r\nTo this end, we propose a hierarchical coordination approach\r\nthat combines the good solution quality of centralized approaches\r\nwith the scalability of distributed approaches. In doing so, we divide\r\nthe network into multiple hierarchical domains and optimize\r\ncoordination in a top-down manner. We compare our hierarchical\r\nwith a centralized approach in an extensive evaluation on a real-world\r\nnetwork topology. Our results indicate that hierarchical\r\ncoordination can find close-to-optimal solutions in a fraction of\r\nthe runtime of centralized approaches."}],"file":[{"creator":"stschn","date_created":"2020-12-11T08:37:37Z","date_updated":"2020-12-11T08:37:37Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"preprint_with_header.pdf","file_id":"20694","title":"Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination","file_size":7979772,"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"ddc":["006"],"keyword":["network management","service management","coordination","hierarchical","scalability","nfv"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Ramin Khalili, Adnan Manzoor, Haydar Qarawlus, Rafael Schellenberg, Holger Karl, and Artur Hecker. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider <i>et al.</i>, “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>, 2021.","ama":"Schneider SB, Khalili R, Manzoor A, et al. Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>. 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503\">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>","bibtex":"@article{Schneider_Khalili_Manzoor_Qarawlus_Schellenberg_Karl_Hecker_2021, title={Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503\">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>}, journal={Transactions on Network and Service Management}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Khalili, Ramin and Manzoor, Adnan and Qarawlus, Haydar and Schellenberg, Rafael and Karl, Holger and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021} }","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>, IEEE, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503\">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.","short":"S.B. Schneider, R. Khalili, A. Manzoor, H. Qarawlus, R. Schellenberg, H. Karl, A. Hecker, Transactions on Network and Service Management (2021).","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Khalili, R., Manzoor, A., Qarawlus, H., Schellenberg, R., Karl, H., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503\">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>"},"year":"2021","date_created":"2021-04-27T08:04:16Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan Balthasar","last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar"},{"full_name":"Khalili, Ramin","last_name":"Khalili","first_name":"Ramin"},{"first_name":"Adnan","full_name":"Manzoor, Adnan","last_name":"Manzoor"},{"first_name":"Haydar","last_name":"Qarawlus","full_name":"Qarawlus, Haydar"},{"full_name":"Schellenberg, Rafael","last_name":"Schellenberg","first_name":"Rafael"},{"first_name":"Holger","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl"},{"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Hecker","full_name":"Hecker, Artur"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:55:15Z","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503","title":"Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","type":"journal_article","publication":"Transactions on Network and Service Management","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2021-04-27T08:01:26Z","creator":"stschn","date_created":"2021-04-27T08:01:26Z","description":"Author version of the accepted paper","file_size":4172270,"file_name":"ris-accepted-version.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"21809"}],"status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Modern services consist of interconnected components,e.g., microservices in a service mesh or machine learning functions in a pipeline. These services can scale and run across multiple network nodes on demand. To process incoming traffic, service components have to be instantiated and traffic assigned to these instances, taking capacities, changing demands, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements into account. This challenge is usually solved with custom approaches designed by experts. While this typically works well for the considered scenario, the models often rely on unrealistic assumptions or on knowledge that is not available in practice (e.g., a priori knowledge).\r\n\r\nWe propose DeepCoord, a novel deep reinforcement learning approach that learns how to best coordinate services and is geared towards realistic assumptions. It interacts with the network and relies on available, possibly delayed monitoring information. Rather than defining a complex model or an algorithm on how to achieve an objective, our model-free approach adapts to various objectives and traffic patterns. An agent is trained offline without expert knowledge and then applied online with minimal overhead. Compared to a state-of-the-art heuristic, DeepCoord significantly improves flow throughput (up to 76%) and overall network utility (more than 2x) on realworld network topologies and traffic traces. It also supports optimizing multiple, possibly competing objectives, learns to respect QoS requirements, generalizes to scenarios with unseen, stochastic traffic, and scales to large real-world networks. For reproducibility and reuse, our code is publicly available.","lang":"eng"}],"user_id":"35343","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"project":[{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"_id":"21808","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2021-04-27T08:01:26Z","article_type":"original","ddc":["000"],"keyword":["network management","service management","coordination","reinforcement learning","self-learning","self-adaptation","multi-objective"]},{"has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"apa":"Schneider, S. B., Karl, H., Khalili, R., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.","short":"S.B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning, 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Schneider_Karl_Khalili_Hecker_2021, title={DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Karl, Holger and Khalili, Ramin and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021} }","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Holger Karl, Ramin Khalili, and Artur Hecker. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>, 2021.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, and A. Hecker, <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.","ama":"Schneider SB, Karl H, Khalili R, Hecker A. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.; 2021."},"year":"2021","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan Balthasar","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","last_name":"Schneider"},{"first_name":"Holger","last_name":"Karl","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger"},{"full_name":"Khalili, Ramin","last_name":"Khalili","first_name":"Ramin"},{"first_name":"Artur","full_name":"Hecker, Artur","last_name":"Hecker"}],"date_created":"2022-10-20T16:44:19Z","oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-11-18T09:59:27Z","title":"DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning","type":"working_paper","file":[{"date_updated":"2022-10-20T16:41:10Z","creator":"stschn","date_created":"2022-10-20T16:41:10Z","file_size":2521656,"file_name":"preprint.pdf","file_id":"33855","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Macrodiversity is a key technique to increase the capacity of mobile networks. It can be realized using coordinated multipoint (CoMP), simultaneously connecting users to multiple overlapping cells. Selecting which users to serve by how many and which cells is NP-hard but needs to happen continuously in real time as users move and channel state changes. Existing approaches often require strict assumptions about or perfect knowledge of the underlying radio system, its resource allocation scheme, or user movements, none of which is readily available in practice.\r\n\r\nInstead, we propose three novel self-learning and self-adapting approaches using model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL): DeepCoMP, DD-CoMP, and D3-CoMP. DeepCoMP leverages central observations and control of all users to select cells almost optimally. DD-CoMP and D3-CoMP use multi-agent DRL, which allows distributed, robust, and highly scalable coordination. All three approaches learn from experience and self-adapt to varying scenarios, reaching 2x higher Quality of Experience than other approaches. They have very few built-in assumptions and do not need prior system knowledge, making them more robust to change and better applicable in practice than existing approaches."}],"user_id":"477","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"project":[{"name":"SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"name":"SFB 901: SFB 901","_id":"1"}],"_id":"33854","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2022-10-20T16:41:10Z","ddc":["004"],"keyword":["mobility management","coordinated multipoint","CoMP","cell selection","resource management","reinforcement learning","multi agent","MARL","self-learning","self-adaptation","QoE"]},{"date_created":"2023-01-10T15:08:50Z","author":[{"id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-10T15:09:05Z","oa":"1","title":"Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"ieee":"S. B. Schneider, <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination</i>. 2021.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination</i>, 2021.","ama":"Schneider SB. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination</i>.; 2021.","apa":"Schneider, S. B. (2021). <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination</i>.","bibtex":"@book{Schneider_2021, title={Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar}, year={2021} }","short":"S.B. Schneider, Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination, 2021.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination</i>. 2021."},"year":"2021","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"35343","_id":"35889","project":[{"name":"SFB 901: SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-01-10T15:07:03Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["nfv","coordination","machine learning","reinforcement learning","phd","digest"],"ddc":["004"],"type":"working_paper","status":"public","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2023-01-10T15:07:03Z","creator":"stschn","date_updated":"2023-01-10T15:07:03Z","file_name":"main.pdf","file_id":"35890","access_level":"open_access","file_size":133340}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Network and service coordination is important to provide modern services consisting of multiple interconnected components, e.g., in 5G, network function virtualization (NFV), or cloud and edge computing. In this paper, I outline my dissertation research, which proposes six approaches to automate such network and service coordination. All approaches dynamically react to the current demand and optimize coordination for high service quality and low costs. The approaches range from centralized to distributed methods and from conventional heuristic algorithms and mixed-integer linear programs to machine learning approaches using supervised and reinforcement learning. I briefly discuss their main ideas and advantages over other state-of-the-art approaches and compare strengths and weaknesses."}]},{"user_id":"35343","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"project":[{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"_id":"19607","file_date_updated":"2020-09-22T06:36:25Z","type":"conference","status":"public","author":[{"last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"full_name":"Klenner, Lars Dietrich","last_name":"Klenner","first_name":"Lars Dietrich"},{"id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl","first_name":"Holger"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:54:08Z","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"ama":"Schneider SB, Klenner LD, Karl H. Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE; 2020.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider, L. D. Klenner, and H. Karl, “Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, 2020.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Lars Dietrich Klenner, and Holger Karl. “Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination.” In <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE, 2020.","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Klenner, L. D., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination. In <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Klenner_Karl_2020, title={Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Klenner, Lars Dietrich and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }","short":"S.B. Schneider, L.D. Klenner, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM), IEEE, 2020.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, IEEE, 2020."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["006"],"keyword":["distributed management","service coordination","network coordination","nfv","softwarization","orchestration"],"publication":"IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","file":[{"file_size":500948,"file_id":"19608","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"ris_with_copyright.pdf","date_updated":"2020-09-22T06:36:25Z","date_created":"2020-09-22T06:25:57Z","creator":"stschn","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Modern services consist of modular, interconnected\r\ncomponents, e.g., microservices forming a service mesh. To\r\ndynamically adjust to ever-changing service demands, service\r\ncomponents have to be instantiated on nodes across the network.\r\nIncoming flows requesting a service then need to be routed\r\nthrough the deployed instances while considering node and link\r\ncapacities. Ultimately, the goal is to maximize the successfully\r\nserved flows and Quality of Service (QoS) through online service\r\ncoordination. Current approaches for service coordination are\r\nusually centralized, assuming up-to-date global knowledge and\r\nmaking global decisions for all nodes in the network. Such global\r\nknowledge and centralized decisions are not realistic in practical\r\nlarge-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo solve this problem, we propose two algorithms for fully\r\ndistributed service coordination. The proposed algorithms can be\r\nexecuted individually at each node in parallel and require only\r\nvery limited global knowledge. We compare and evaluate both\r\nalgorithms with a state-of-the-art centralized approach in extensive\r\nsimulations on a large-scale, real-world network topology.\r\nOur results indicate that the two algorithms can compete with\r\ncentralized approaches in terms of solution quality but require\r\nless global knowledge and are magnitudes faster (more than\r\n100x)."}],"date_created":"2020-09-22T06:23:40Z","publisher":"IEEE","title":"Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination","year":"2020"},{"_id":"19609","project":[{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"35343","file_date_updated":"2020-09-22T06:36:00Z","type":"conference","status":"public","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:54:08Z","oa":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"last_name":"Manzoor","full_name":"Manzoor, Adnan","first_name":"Adnan"},{"first_name":"Haydar","last_name":"Qarawlus","full_name":"Qarawlus, Haydar"},{"last_name":"Schellenberg","full_name":"Schellenberg, Rafael","first_name":"Rafael"},{"last_name":"Karl","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","first_name":"Holger"},{"last_name":"Khalili","full_name":"Khalili, Ramin","first_name":"Ramin"},{"last_name":"Hecker","full_name":"Hecker, Artur","first_name":"Artur"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Manzoor_Qarawlus_Schellenberg_Karl_Khalili_Hecker_2020, title={Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Manzoor, Adnan and Qarawlus, Haydar and Schellenberg, Rafael and Karl, Holger and Khalili, Ramin and Hecker, Artur}, year={2020} }","short":"S.B. Schneider, A. Manzoor, H. Qarawlus, R. Schellenberg, H. Karl, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, in: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM), IEEE, 2020.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, IEEE, 2020.","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Manzoor, A., Qarawlus, H., Schellenberg, R., Karl, H., Khalili, R., &#38; Hecker, A. (2020). Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE.","ama":"Schneider SB, Manzoor A, Qarawlus H, et al. Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE; 2020.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Adnan Manzoor, Haydar Qarawlus, Rafael Schellenberg, Holger Karl, Ramin Khalili, and Artur Hecker. “Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” In <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE, 2020.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider <i>et al.</i>, “Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, 2020."},"keyword":["self-driving networks","self-learning","network coordination","service coordination","reinforcement learning","deep learning","nfv"],"ddc":["006"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Modern services comprise interconnected components,\r\ne.g., microservices in a service mesh, that can scale and\r\nrun on multiple nodes across the network on demand. To process\r\nincoming traffic, service components have to be instantiated and\r\ntraffic assigned to these instances, taking capacities and changing\r\ndemands into account. This challenge is usually solved with\r\ncustom approaches designed by experts. While this typically\r\nworks well for the considered scenario, the models often rely\r\non unrealistic assumptions or on knowledge that is not available\r\nin practice (e.g., a priori knowledge).\r\n\r\nWe propose a novel deep reinforcement learning approach that\r\nlearns how to best coordinate services and is geared towards\r\nrealistic assumptions. It interacts with the network and relies on\r\navailable, possibly delayed monitoring information. Rather than\r\ndefining a complex model or an algorithm how to achieve an\r\nobjective, our model-free approach adapts to various objectives\r\nand traffic patterns. An agent is trained offline without expert\r\nknowledge and then applied online with minimal overhead. Compared\r\nto a state-of-the-art heuristic, it significantly improves flow\r\nthroughput and overall network utility on real-world network\r\ntopologies and traffic traces. It also learns to optimize different\r\nobjectives, generalizes to scenarios with unseen, stochastic traffic\r\npatterns, and scales to large real-world networks."}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-09-22T06:36:00Z","creator":"stschn","date_created":"2020-09-22T06:29:16Z","file_size":642999,"file_name":"ris_with_copyright.pdf","file_id":"19610","access_level":"open_access"}],"publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2020-09-22T06:28:22Z","title":"Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","year":"2020"},{"publication":"European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)","type":"conference","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"34"}],"user_id":"60845","_id":"16726","project":[{"grant_number":"762057","name":"5G Programmable Infrastructure Converging disaggregated neTwork and compUte Resources","_id":"23"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"accepted","citation":{"ieee":"H. Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, A. P. Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. Churi, M. Illian, and H. Karl, “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources,” in <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.","chicago":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi, Ashwin Prasad Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Amey Churi, Marvin Illian, and Holger Karl. “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources.” In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>, n.d.","ama":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei H, Shivarpatna Venkatesh AP, Churi A, Illian M, Karl H. Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources. In: <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.","mla":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi, et al. “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources.” <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.","short":"H. Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, A.P. Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. Churi, M. Illian, H. Karl, in: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020), n.d.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei_Shivarpatna Venkatesh_Churi_Illian_Karl, title={Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources}, booktitle={European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)}, author={Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi and Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Ashwin Prasad and Churi, Amey and Illian, Marvin and Karl, Holger} }","apa":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, H., Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. P., Churi, A., Illian, M., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources. In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>."},"year":"2020","date_created":"2020-04-20T09:36:53Z","author":[{"id":"60845","full_name":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi","last_name":"Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei","first_name":"Hadi"},{"first_name":"Ashwin Prasad","last_name":"Shivarpatna Venkatesh","full_name":"Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Ashwin Prasad","id":"66637"},{"first_name":"Amey","full_name":"Churi, Amey","last_name":"Churi"},{"last_name":"Illian","id":"44169","full_name":"Illian, Marvin","first_name":"Marvin"},{"first_name":"Holger","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:55Z","conference":{"end_date":"2020-06-18","start_date":"2020-06-15","name":"European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)"},"title":"Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources"},{"conference":{"location":"Melbourne, Australia","name":"2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)"},"doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9139642"}],"title":"Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications","author":[{"first_name":"Asif","id":"63288","full_name":"Hasnain, Asif","last_name":"Hasnain"},{"first_name":"Holger","last_name":"Karl","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger"}],"date_created":"2020-06-06T07:40:45Z","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:53:04Z","publisher":"IEEE Computer Society","citation":{"ieee":"A. Hasnain and H. Karl, “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications,” in <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>, Melbourne, Australia, 2020.","chicago":"Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications.” In <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. IEEE Computer Society, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010\">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>.","ama":"Hasnain A, Karl H. Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications. In: <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. IEEE Computer Society; 2020. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010\">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Hasnain_Karl_2020, title={Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010\">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>}, booktitle={2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)}, publisher={IEEE Computer Society}, author={Hasnain, Asif and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }","mla":"Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications.” <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>, IEEE Computer Society, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010\">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>.","short":"A. Hasnain, H. Karl, in: 2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID), IEEE Computer Society, 2020.","apa":"Hasnain, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications. In <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE Computer Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010\">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>"},"year":"2020","publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Coflow","Scheduling","Deadlines","Data centers"],"ddc":["000"],"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"63288","_id":"17082","project":[{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"}],"status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Data-parallel applications run on cluster of servers in a datacenter and their communication triggers correlated resource demand on multiple links that can be abstracted as coflow. They often desire predictable network performance, which can be passed to network via coflow abstraction for application-aware network scheduling. In this paper, we propose a heuristic and an optimization algorithm for predictable network performance such that they guarantee coflows completion within their deadlines. The algorithms also ensure high network utilization, i.e., it's work-conserving, and avoids starvation of coflows. We evaluate both algorithms via trace-driven simulation and show that they admit 1.1x more coflows than the Varys scheme while meeting their deadlines.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)","type":"conference"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Narayanan Puthenpurayil Satheeschandran, Manuel Peuster, and Holger Karl. “Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization.” In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>. IEEE, 2020.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider, N. P. Satheeschandran, M. Peuster, and H. Karl, “Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization,” in <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>, Ghent, Belgium, 2020.","ama":"Schneider SB, Satheeschandran NP, Peuster M, Karl H. Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization. In: <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>. IEEE; 2020.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization.” <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>, IEEE, 2020.","short":"S.B. Schneider, N.P. Satheeschandran, M. Peuster, H. Karl, in: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft), IEEE, 2020.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Satheeschandran_Peuster_Karl_2020, title={Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization}, booktitle={IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Satheeschandran, Narayanan Puthenpurayil and Peuster, Manuel and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Satheeschandran, N. P., Peuster, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization. In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE."},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:46Z","oa":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","id":"35343","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"first_name":"Narayanan Puthenpurayil","full_name":"Satheeschandran, Narayanan Puthenpurayil","last_name":"Satheeschandran"},{"first_name":"Manuel","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","id":"13271","last_name":"Peuster"},{"first_name":"Holger","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl"}],"conference":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)","location":"Ghent, Belgium"},"type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"16219","project":[{"_id":"28","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","grant_number":"761493"},{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4","_id":"16"}],"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"35343","file_date_updated":"2020-03-03T11:42:16Z","year":"2020","publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2020-03-03T11:42:22Z","title":"Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization","publication":"IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Network function virtualization (NFV) proposes\r\nto replace physical middleboxes with more flexible virtual\r\nnetwork functions (VNFs). To dynamically adjust to everchanging\r\ntraffic demands, VNFs have to be instantiated and\r\ntheir allocated resources have to be adjusted on demand.\r\nDeciding the amount of allocated resources is non-trivial.\r\nExisting optimization approaches often assume fixed resource\r\nrequirements for each VNF instance. However, this can easily\r\nlead to either waste of resources or bad service quality if too\r\nmany or too few resources are allocated.\r\n\r\nTo solve this problem, we train machine learning models\r\non real VNF data, containing measurements of performance\r\nand resource requirements. For each VNF, the trained models\r\ncan then accurately predict the required resources to handle\r\na certain traffic load. We integrate these machine learning\r\nmodels into an algorithm for joint VNF scaling and placement\r\nand evaluate their impact on resulting VNF placements. Our\r\nevaluation based on real-world data shows that using suitable\r\nmachine learning models effectively avoids over- and underallocation\r\nof resources, leading to up to 12 times lower resource\r\nconsumption and better service quality with up to 4.5 times\r\nlower total delay than using standard fixed resource allocation."}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"16220","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"ris_preprint.pdf","file_size":476590,"creator":"stschn","date_created":"2020-03-03T11:42:16Z","date_updated":"2020-03-03T11:42:16Z"}],"ddc":["000"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"title":"Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing","conference":{"name":"IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track","location":"Ghent, Belgium"},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:52:50Z","publisher":"IEEE","author":[{"last_name":"Müller","full_name":"Müller, Marcel","first_name":"Marcel"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Behnke, Daniel","last_name":"Behnke"},{"full_name":"Bök, Patrick-Benjamin","last_name":"Bök","first_name":"Patrick-Benjamin"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","last_name":"Schneider","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"last_name":"Peuster","id":"13271","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","first_name":"Manuel"},{"last_name":"Karl","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","first_name":"Holger"}],"date_created":"2020-04-03T11:53:00Z","year":"2020","place":"Ghent, Belgium","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Müller_Behnke_Bök_Schneider_Peuster_Karl_2020, place={Ghent, Belgium}, title={Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing}, booktitle={IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Müller, Marcel and Behnke, Daniel and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Peuster, Manuel and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }","mla":"Müller, Marcel, et al. “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing.” <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>, IEEE, 2020.","short":"M. Müller, D. Behnke, P.-B. Bök, S.B. Schneider, M. Peuster, H. Karl, in: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track, IEEE, Ghent, Belgium, 2020.","apa":"Müller, M., Behnke, D., Bök, P.-B., Schneider, S. B., Peuster, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing. In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE.","chicago":"Müller, Marcel, Daniel Behnke, Patrick-Benjamin Bök, Stefan Balthasar Schneider, Manuel Peuster, and Holger Karl. “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing.” In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE, 2020.","ieee":"M. Müller, D. Behnke, P.-B. Bök, S. B. Schneider, M. Peuster, and H. Karl, “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing,” in <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>, Ghent, Belgium, 2020.","ama":"Müller M, Behnke D, Bök P-B, Schneider SB, Peuster M, Karl H. Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing. In: <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE; 2020."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"16400","project":[{"name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","_id":"28","grant_number":"761493"},{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"35343","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Softwarization facilitates the introduction of smart\r\nmanufacturing applications in the industry. Manifold devices\r\nsuch as machine computers, Industrial IoT devices, tablets,\r\nsmartphones and smart glasses are integrated into factory networks\r\nto enable shop floor digitalization and big data analysis. To\r\nhandle the increasing number of devices and the resulting traffic,\r\na flexible and scalable factory network is necessary which can be\r\nrealized using softwarization technologies like Network Function\r\nVirtualization (NFV). However, the security risks increase with\r\nthe increasing number of new devices, so that cyber security must\r\nalso be considered in NFV-based networks.\r\n\r\nTherefore, extending our previous work, we showcase threat\r\ndetection using a cloud-native NFV-driven intrusion detection\r\nsystem (IDS) that is integrated in our industrial-specific network\r\nservices. As a result of the threat detection, the affected network\r\nservice is put into quarantine via automatic network reconfiguration.\r\nWe use the 5GTANGO service platform to deploy our\r\ndeveloped network services on Kubernetes and to initiate the\r\nnetwork reconfiguration."}],"status":"public","publication":"IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track","type":"conference"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"13868","project":[{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"department":[{"_id":"63"}],"user_id":"44428","status":"public","publication":"Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)","type":"conference","title":"Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times","date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:51:45Z","author":[{"last_name":"Pukrop","full_name":"Pukrop, Simon","id":"44428","first_name":"Simon"},{"last_name":"Mäcker","full_name":"Mäcker, Alexander","id":"13536","first_name":"Alexander"},{"full_name":"Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm","id":"15523","last_name":"Meyer auf der Heide","first_name":"Friedhelm"}],"date_created":"2019-10-15T12:19:49Z","year":"2020","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Pukrop_Mäcker_Meyer auf der Heide_2020, title={Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)}, author={Pukrop, Simon and Mäcker, Alexander and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm}, year={2020} }","mla":"Pukrop, Simon, et al. “Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times.” <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020.","short":"S. Pukrop, A. Mäcker, F. Meyer auf der Heide, in: Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM), 2020.","apa":"Pukrop, S., Mäcker, A., &#38; Meyer auf der Heide, F. (2020). Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times. In <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>.","ama":"Pukrop S, Mäcker A, Meyer auf der Heide F. Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times. In: <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>. ; 2020.","chicago":"Pukrop, Simon, Alexander Mäcker, and Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide. “Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times.” In <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020.","ieee":"S. Pukrop, A. Mäcker, and F. Meyer auf der Heide, “Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times,” in <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020."}},{"title":"A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing","date_created":"2019-10-10T13:41:06Z","publisher":"Springer","year":"2020","issue":"6","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["004"],"file":[{"creator":"ups","date_created":"2019-12-12T10:24:47Z","date_updated":"2019-12-12T10:24:47Z","file_id":"15311","file_name":"Karl2019_Article_ACaseForANewITEcosystemOn-The-.pdf","access_level":"closed","file_size":454532,"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","success":1}],"publication":"Business & Information Systems Engineering","doi":"10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x","volume":62,"author":[{"first_name":"Holger","last_name":"Karl","full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126"},{"first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Kundisch","id":"21117","full_name":"Kundisch, Dennis"},{"last_name":"Meyer auf der Heide","id":"15523","full_name":"Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm","first_name":"Friedhelm"},{"first_name":"Heike","id":"573","full_name":"Wehrheim, Heike","last_name":"Wehrheim"}],"date_updated":"2022-12-02T09:27:17Z","intvolume":"        62","page":"467-481","citation":{"mla":"Karl, Holger, et al. “A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing.” <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>, vol. 62, no. 6, Springer, 2020, pp. 467–81, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Karl_Kundisch_Meyer auf der Heide_Wehrheim_2020, title={A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing}, volume={62}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>}, number={6}, journal={Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering}, publisher={Springer}, author={Karl, Holger and Kundisch, Dennis and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and Wehrheim, Heike}, year={2020}, pages={467–481} }","short":"H. Karl, D. Kundisch, F. Meyer auf der Heide, H. Wehrheim, Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering 62 (2020) 467–481.","apa":"Karl, H., Kundisch, D., Meyer auf der Heide, F., &#38; Wehrheim, H. (2020). A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing. <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>, <i>62</i>(6), 467–481. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>","chicago":"Karl, Holger, Dennis Kundisch, Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide, and Heike Wehrheim. “A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing.” <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i> 62, no. 6 (2020): 467–81. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.","ieee":"H. Karl, D. Kundisch, F. Meyer auf der Heide, and H. Wehrheim, “A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing,” <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 467–481, 2020, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.","ama":"Karl H, Kundisch D, Meyer auf der Heide F, Wehrheim H. A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing. <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>. 2020;62(6):467-481. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x\">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>"},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2019-12-12T10:24:47Z","department":[{"_id":"276"},{"_id":"75"},{"_id":"63"},{"_id":"77"}],"user_id":"477","_id":"13770","project":[{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"_id":"2","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area A"},{"_id":"3","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area B"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area T","_id":"82"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject A1","_id":"5"},{"_id":"6","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject A2"},{"_id":"7","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject A3"},{"_id":"8","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject A4"},{"_id":"9","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject B1"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject B2","_id":"10"},{"_id":"11","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject B3"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject B4","_id":"12"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C1","_id":"13"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C2","_id":"14"},{"_id":"15","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C3"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"_id":"17","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C5"},{"_id":"83","name":"SFB 901 -Subproject T1"},{"_id":"84","name":"SFB 901 -Subproject T2"},{"name":"SFB 901 -Subproject T3","_id":"107"},{"name":"SFB 901 - T4: SFB 901 -Subproject T4","_id":"158"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article"},{"file_date_updated":"2019-01-07T12:38:35Z","_id":"3287","project":[{"_id":"3","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area B"},{"_id":"11","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject B3"},{"name":"SFB 901","_id":"1"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"grant_number":"761493","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","_id":"28"},{"_id":"25","name":"SONATA NFV: Agile Service Development and Orchestration in 5G Virtualized Networks","grant_number":"671517","call_identifier":"5G PPP Phase 1"}],"department":[{"_id":"77"},{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"35343","status":"public","type":"conference","conference":{"end_date":"2019-04-12","location":"Washington, DC, USA","name":"2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)","start_date":"2019-04-08"},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/im/im2019/188490.pdf"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T06:59:09Z","oa":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan Balthasar","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","last_name":"Schneider","id":"35343","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar"},{"first_name":"Arnab","last_name":"Sharma","id":"67200","full_name":"Sharma, Arnab"},{"first_name":"Holger","last_name":"Karl","id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger"},{"full_name":"Wehrheim, Heike","id":"573","last_name":"Wehrheim","first_name":"Heike"}],"place":"Washington, DC, USA","page":"116--124","citation":{"apa":"Schneider, S. B., Sharma, A., Karl, H., &#38; Wehrheim, H. (2019). Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets. In <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i> (pp. 116--124). Washington, DC, USA: IFIP.","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets.” <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, IFIP, 2019, pp. 116--124.","short":"S.B. Schneider, A. Sharma, H. Karl, H. Wehrheim, in: 2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM), IFIP, Washington, DC, USA, 2019, pp. 116--124.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Sharma_Karl_Wehrheim_2019, place={Washington, DC, USA}, title={Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets}, booktitle={2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)}, publisher={IFIP}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Sharma, Arnab and Karl, Holger and Wehrheim, Heike}, year={2019}, pages={116--124} }","ama":"Schneider SB, Sharma A, Karl H, Wehrheim H. Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets. In: <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. Washington, DC, USA: IFIP; 2019:116--124.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Arnab Sharma, Holger Karl, and Heike Wehrheim. “Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets.” In <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, 116--124. Washington, DC, USA: IFIP, 2019.","ieee":"S. B. Schneider, A. Sharma, H. Karl, and H. Wehrheim, “Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets,” in <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, Washington, DC, USA, 2019, pp. 116--124."},"has_accepted_license":"1","ddc":["040"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"For optimal placement and orchestration of network services, it is crucial\r\nthat their structure and semantics are specified clearly and comprehensively\r\nand are available to an orchestrator. Existing specification approaches are\r\neither ambiguous or miss important aspects regarding the behavior of virtual\r\nnetwork functions (VNFs) forming a service. We propose to formally and\r\nunambiguously specify the behavior of these functions and services using\r\nQueuing Petri Nets (QPNs). QPNs are an established method that allows to\r\nexpress queuing, synchronization, stochastically distributed processing delays,\r\nand changing traffic volume and characteristics at each VNF. With QPNs,\r\nmultiple VNFs can be connected to complete network services in any structure,\r\neven specifying bidirectional network services containing loops.\r\n  We discuss how management and orchestration systems can benefit from our\r\nclear and comprehensive specification approach, leading to better placement of\r\nVNFs and improved Quality of Service. Another benefit of formally specifying\r\nnetwork services with QPNs are diverse analysis options, which allow valuable\r\ninsights such as the distribution of end-to-end delay. We propose a tool-based\r\nworkflow that supports the specification of network services and the automatic\r\ngeneration of corresponding simulation code to enable an in-depth analysis of\r\ntheir behavior and performance."}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2019-01-07T12:38:35Z","date_created":"2019-01-07T12:38:35Z","creator":"stschn","file_size":497528,"file_name":"ris_preprint.pdf","file_id":"6504","access_level":"open_access"}],"publication":"2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)","title":"Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets","publisher":"IFIP","date_created":"2018-06-18T15:23:18Z","year":"2019"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8802016"}],"doi":"10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016","oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:12Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011","last_name":"Schneider","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","id":"35343","first_name":"Stefan Balthasar"},{"last_name":"Peuster","id":"13271","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","first_name":"Manuel"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Behnke","full_name":"Behnke, Daniel"},{"first_name":"Müller","last_name":"Marcel","full_name":"Marcel, Müller"},{"last_name":"Bök","full_name":"Bök, Patrick-Benjamin","first_name":"Patrick-Benjamin"},{"id":"126","full_name":"Karl, Holger","last_name":"Karl","first_name":"Holger"}],"place":"Valencia, Spain","citation":{"ieee":"S. B. Schneider, M. Peuster, D. Behnke, M. Marcel, P.-B. Bök, and H. Karl, “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario,” in <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>, 2019.","chicago":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Manuel Peuster, Daniel Behnke, Müller Marcel, Patrick-Benjamin Bök, and Holger Karl. “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario.” In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>. Valencia, Spain: IEEE, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016\">https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>.","ama":"Schneider SB, Peuster M, Behnke D, Marcel M, Bök P-B, Karl H. Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario. In: <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>. Valencia, Spain: IEEE; 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016\">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>","apa":"Schneider, S. B., Peuster, M., Behnke, D., Marcel, M., Bök, P.-B., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario. In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>. Valencia, Spain: IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016\">https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Schneider_Peuster_Behnke_Marcel_Bök_Karl_2019, place={Valencia, Spain}, title={Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016\">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>}, booktitle={European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Peuster, Manuel and Behnke, Daniel and Marcel, Müller and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }","mla":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario.” <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>, IEEE, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016\">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>.","short":"S.B. Schneider, M. Peuster, D. Behnke, M. Marcel, P.-B. Bök, H. Karl, in: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), IEEE, Valencia, Spain, 2019."},"has_accepted_license":"1","file_date_updated":"2019-12-12T09:15:57Z","project":[{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4","_id":"16"},{"grant_number":"761493","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","_id":"28"}],"_id":"9270","user_id":"35343","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","title":"Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario","publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2019-04-23T09:27:06Z","year":"2019","ddc":["000"],"keyword":["5g","vertical","smart manufacturing","nfv"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"As 5G and network function virtualization (NFV) are maturing, it becomes crucial to demonstrate their feasibility and benefits by means of vertical scenarios. While 5GPPP has identified smart manufacturing as one of the most important vertical industries, there is still a lack of specific, practical use cases. \r\n\r\nUsing the experience from a large-scale manufacturing company, Weidm{\\\"u}ller Group, we present a detailed use case that reflects the needs of real-world manufacturers. We also propose an architecture with specific network services and virtual network functions (VNFs) that realize the use case in practice. As a proof of concept, we implement the required services and deploy them on an emulation-based prototyping platform. Our experimental results indicate that a fully virtualized smart manufacturing use case is not only feasible but also reduces machine interconnection and configuration time and thus improves productivity by orders of magnitude.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":374397,"access_level":"open_access","file_id":"9272","file_name":"preprint_ris_with_header.pdf","date_updated":"2019-12-12T09:15:57Z","date_created":"2019-04-23T09:29:49Z","creator":"stschn"}],"publication":"European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)"},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","file_date_updated":"2019-02-26T18:09:43Z","_id":"8113","project":[{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"},{"grant_number":"761493","_id":"28","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps"}],"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"477","citation":{"bibtex":"@article{Peuster_Dröge_Boos_Karl_2019, title={Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001\">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>}, journal={ICT Express}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Peuster, Manuel and Dröge, Christian and Boos, Clemens and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }","short":"M. Peuster, C. Dröge, C. Boos, H. Karl, ICT Express (2019).","mla":"Peuster, Manuel, et al. “Joint Testing and Profiling of Microservice-Based Network Services Using TTCN-3.” <i>ICT Express</i>, Elsevier BV, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001\">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>.","apa":"Peuster, M., Dröge, C., Boos, C., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3. <i>ICT Express</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>","ieee":"M. Peuster, C. Dröge, C. Boos, and H. Karl, “Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3,” <i>ICT Express</i>, 2019.","chicago":"Peuster, Manuel, Christian Dröge, Clemens Boos, and Holger Karl. “Joint Testing and Profiling of Microservice-Based Network Services Using TTCN-3.” <i>ICT Express</i>, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>.","ama":"Peuster M, Dröge C, Boos C, Karl H. Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3. <i>ICT Express</i>. 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001\">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2405-9595"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959519300402","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:03:51Z","oa":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Peuster","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","id":"13271","first_name":"Manuel"},{"full_name":"Dröge, Christian","last_name":"Dröge","first_name":"Christian"},{"first_name":"Clemens","full_name":"Boos, Clemens","last_name":"Boos"},{"full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126","last_name":"Karl","first_name":"Holger"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The ongoing softwarization of networks creates a big need for automated testing solutions to ensure service quality. This becomes even more important if agile environments with short time to market and high demands, in terms of service performance and availability, are considered.\r\nIn this paper, we introduce a novel testing solution for virtualized, microservice-based network functions and services, which we base on TTCN-3, a well known testing language defined by the European standards institute (ETSI). We use TTCN-3 not only for functional testing but also answer the question whether TTCN-3 can be used for  performance profiling tasks as well. Finally, we demonstrate the proposed concepts and solutions in a case study using our open-source prototype to test and profile a chained network service."}],"file":[{"file_size":232599,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"main_for_ris.pdf","file_id":"8114","date_updated":"2019-02-26T18:09:43Z","date_created":"2019-02-26T18:09:43Z","creator":"peuster","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"publication":"ICT Express","ddc":["000"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2019","title":"Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3","publisher":"Elsevier BV","date_created":"2019-02-26T18:07:33Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"31764","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"project":[{"name":"5G Programmable Infrastructure Converging disaggregated neTwork and compUte Resources","_id":"23","grant_number":"762057"},{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"_id":"8240","status":"public","type":"conference","publication":"5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019","conference":{"name":"5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019","start_date":"2019-06-24","end_date":"2019-06-28","location":"Paris"},"title":"SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures","author":[{"last_name":"Dräxler","id":"31764","full_name":"Dräxler, Sevil","first_name":"Sevil"},{"first_name":"Holger","full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126","last_name":"Karl"}],"date_created":"2019-03-04T09:23:54Z","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:03:52Z","citation":{"apa":"Dräxler, S., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures. In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>. Paris.","mla":"Dräxler, Sevil, and Holger Karl. “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures.” <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>.","short":"S. Dräxler, H. Karl, in: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019, n.d.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Dräxler_Karl, title={SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures}, booktitle={5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019}, author={Dräxler, Sevil and Karl, Holger} }","ama":"Dräxler S, Karl H. SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures. In: <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>.","ieee":"S. Dräxler and H. Karl, “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures,” in <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>, Paris.","chicago":"Dräxler, Sevil, and Holger Karl. “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures.” In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>, n.d."},"year":"2019","publication_status":"accepted"},{"file_date_updated":"2019-04-01T13:46:18Z","user_id":"13271","department":[{"_id":"75"}],"project":[{"_id":"28","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","grant_number":"761493"},{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"_id":"4","name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4","_id":"16"}],"_id":"8792","status":"public","type":"conference","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685"}],"conference":{"name":"5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)","start_date":"2019-06-24","end_date":"2019-06-28","location":"Paris"},"doi":"10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685","author":[{"first_name":"Manuel","last_name":"Peuster","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","id":"13271"},{"first_name":"Stefan Balthasar","full_name":"Schneider, Stefan Balthasar","id":"35343","last_name":"Schneider","orcid":"0000-0001-8210-4011"},{"last_name":"Behnke","full_name":"Behnke, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"full_name":"Müller, Marcel","last_name":"Müller","first_name":"Marcel"},{"first_name":"Patrick-Benjamin","full_name":"Bök, Patrick-Benjamin","last_name":"Bök"},{"full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126","last_name":"Karl","first_name":"Holger"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:01Z","citation":{"short":"M. Peuster, S.B. Schneider, D. Behnke, M. Müller, P.-B. Bök, H. Karl, in: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019), Paris, 2019.","mla":"Peuster, Manuel, et al. “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case.” <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685\">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Peuster_Schneider_Behnke_Müller_Bök_Karl_2019, place={Paris}, title={Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685\">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>}, booktitle={5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)}, author={Peuster, Manuel and Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Behnke, Daniel and Müller, Marcel and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }","apa":"Peuster, M., Schneider, S. B., Behnke, D., Müller, M., Bök, P.-B., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case. In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>. Paris. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685\">https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>","chicago":"Peuster, Manuel, Stefan Balthasar Schneider, Daniel Behnke, Marcel Müller, Patrick-Benjamin Bök, and Holger Karl. “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case.” In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>. Paris, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685\">https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>.","ieee":"M. Peuster, S. B. Schneider, D. Behnke, M. Müller, P.-B. Bök, and H. Karl, “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case,” in <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>, Paris, 2019.","ama":"Peuster M, Schneider SB, Behnke D, Müller M, Bök P-B, Karl H. Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case. In: <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>. Paris; 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685\">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>"},"place":"Paris","has_accepted_license":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["000"],"file":[{"file_size":1693793,"access_level":"open_access","file_id":"8794","file_name":"main_for_ris.pdf","date_updated":"2019-04-01T13:46:18Z","date_created":"2019-04-01T13:46:18Z","creator":"peuster","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"5G together with software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualisation (NFV) will enable a wide variety of vertical use cases. One of them is the smart man- ufacturing case which utilises 5G networks to interconnect production machines, machine parks, and factory sites to enable new possibilities in terms of flexibility, automation, and novel applications (industry 4.0). However, the availability of realistic and practical proof-of-concepts for those smart manufacturing scenarios is still limited.\r\nThis demo fills this gap by not only showing a real-world smart manufacturing application entirely implemented using NFV concepts, but also a lightweight prototyping framework that simplifies the realisation of vertical NFV proof-of-concepts. Dur- ing the demo, we show how an NFV-based smart manufacturing scenario can be specified, on-boarded, and instantiated before we demonstrate how the presented NFV services simplify machine data collection, aggregation, and analysis."}],"publication":"5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)","title":"Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case","date_created":"2019-04-01T13:37:05Z","year":"2019"},{"department":[{"_id":"75"}],"user_id":"13271","_id":"8795","project":[{"grant_number":"761493","name":"5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network services and Apps","_id":"28"},{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"_id":"16","name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4"}],"file_date_updated":"2019-04-01T18:04:14Z","article_number":"e2067","type":"journal_article","status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Manuel","id":"13271","full_name":"Peuster, Manuel","last_name":"Peuster"},{"first_name":"Hannes","last_name":"Küttner","full_name":"Küttner, Hannes"},{"last_name":"Karl","full_name":"Karl, Holger","id":"126","first_name":"Holger"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:01Z","doi":"10.1002/nem.2067","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/nem.2067"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1055-7148","1099-1190"]},"publication_status":"published","citation":{"ama":"Peuster M, Küttner H, Karl H. A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks. <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>. 2019. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067\">10.1002/nem.2067</a>","ieee":"M. Peuster, H. Küttner, and H. Karl, “A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks,” <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>, 2019.","chicago":"Peuster, Manuel, Hannes Küttner, and Holger Karl. “A Flow Handover Protocol to Support State Migration in Softwarized Networks.” <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>, 2019. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067\">https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Peuster_Küttner_Karl_2019, title={A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067\">10.1002/nem.2067</a>}, number={e2067}, journal={International Journal of Network Management}, author={Peuster, Manuel and Küttner, Hannes and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }","short":"M. Peuster, H. Küttner, H. Karl, International Journal of Network Management (2019).","mla":"Peuster, Manuel, et al. “A Flow Handover Protocol to Support State Migration in Softwarized Networks.” <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>, e2067, 2019, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067\">10.1002/nem.2067</a>.","apa":"Peuster, M., Küttner, H., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks. <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067\">https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067</a>"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["000"],"publication":"International Journal of Network Management","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2019-04-01T18:04:14Z","date_created":"2019-04-01T18:04:14Z","creator":"peuster","file_size":2571927,"file_name":"main_for_ris.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"8796"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Softwarized networks are the key enabler for elastic, on-demand service deployments of virtualized network functions. They allow to dynamically steer traffic\r\nthrough the network when new network functions are instantiated, or old ones\r\nare terminated. These scenarios become in particular challenging when stateful functions are involved, necessitating state management solutions to migrate\r\nstate between the functions. The problem with existing solutions is that they typically embrace state migration and flow rerouting jointly, imposing a huge set\r\nof requirements on the on-boarded virtualized network functions (VNFs), eg,\r\nsolution-specific state management interfaces.\r\nTo change this, we introduce the seamless handover protocol (SHarP). An\r\neasy-to-use, loss-less, and order-preserving flow rerouting mechanism that is\r\nnot fixed to a single state management approach. Using SHarP, VNF vendors\r\nare empowered to implement or use the state management solution of their\r\nchoice. SHarP supports these solutions with additional information when flows\r\nare migrated. In this paper, we present SHarP's design, its open source prototype\r\nimplementation, and show how SHarP significantly reduces the buffer usage at\r\na central (SDN) controller, which is a typical bottleneck in state-of-the-art solutions. Our experiments show that SHarP uses a constant amount of controller\r\nbuffer, irrespective of the time taken to migrate the VNF state.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2019-04-01T17:47:36Z","title":"A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks","year":"2019"},{"user_id":"13536","department":[{"_id":"63"}],"project":[{"name":"SFB 901 - Project Area C","_id":"4"},{"name":"SFB 901 - Subproject C4","_id":"16"},{"_id":"1","name":"SFB 901"}],"_id":"8866","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)","status":"public","date_created":"2019-04-09T11:28:46Z","author":[{"last_name":"Jansen","full_name":"Jansen, Klaus","first_name":"Klaus"},{"first_name":"Marten","full_name":"Maack, Marten","last_name":"Maack"},{"id":"13536","full_name":"Mäcker, Alexander","last_name":"Mäcker","first_name":"Alexander"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:04:04Z","publisher":"IEEE","title":"Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times","citation":{"ama":"Jansen K, Maack M, Mäcker A. Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times. In: <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>. IEEE; 2019:145-154.","chicago":"Jansen, Klaus, Marten Maack, and Alexander Mäcker. “Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times.” In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, 145–54. IEEE, 2019.","ieee":"K. Jansen, M. Maack, and A. Mäcker, “Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times,” in <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, 2019, pp. 145–154.","apa":"Jansen, K., Maack, M., &#38; Mäcker, A. (2019). Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times. In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i> (pp. 145–154). IEEE.","short":"K. Jansen, M. Maack, A. Mäcker, in: Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), IEEE, 2019, pp. 145–154.","mla":"Jansen, Klaus, et al. “Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times.” <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, IEEE, 2019, pp. 145–54.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Jansen_Maack_Mäcker_2019, title={Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Jansen, Klaus and Maack, Marten and Mäcker, Alexander}, year={2019}, pages={145–154} }"},"page":"145 - 154","year":"2019"}]