---
_id: '21543'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Services often consist of multiple chained components such as microservices
    in a service mesh, or machine learning functions in a pipeline. Providing these
    services requires online coordination including scaling the service, placing instance
    of all components in the network, scheduling traffic to these instances, and routing
    traffic through the network. Optimized service coordination is still a hard problem
    due to many influencing factors such as rapidly arriving user demands and limited
    node and link capacity. Existing approaches to solve the problem are often built
    on rigid models and assumptions, tailored to specific scenarios. If the scenario
    changes and the assumptions no longer hold, they easily break and require manual
    adjustments by experts. Novel self-learning approaches using deep reinforcement
    learning (DRL) are promising but still have limitations as they only address simplified
    versions of the problem and are typically centralized and thus do not scale to
    practical large-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo address these issues, we propose a distributed
    self-learning service coordination approach using DRL. After centralized training,
    we deploy a distributed DRL agent at each node in the network, making fast coordination
    decisions locally in parallel with the other nodes. Each agent only observes its
    direct neighbors and does not need global knowledge. Hence, our approach scales
    independently from the size of the network. In our extensive evaluation using
    real-world network topologies and traffic traces, we show that our proposed approach
    outperforms a state-of-the-art conventional heuristic as well as a centralized
    DRL approach (60% higher throughput on average) while requiring less time per
    online decision (1 ms)."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Haydar
  full_name: Qarawlus, Haydar
  last_name: Qarawlus
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Qarawlus H, Karl H. Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Qarawlus, H., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Distributed Online
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. Washington, DC, USA:
    IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Qarawlus_Karl_2021, title={Distributed Online
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning}, booktitle={IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Qarawlus, Haydar and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Haydar Qarawlus, and Holger Karl. “Distributed
    Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>. IEEE, 2021.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, and H. Karl, “Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, Washington, DC, USA, 2021.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Distributed Online Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Distributed
    Computing Systems (ICDCS)</i>, IEEE, 2021.
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, H. Qarawlus, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference
    on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
  location: Washington, DC, USA
  name: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)
date_created: 2021-03-18T17:15:47Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:04Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
  date_updated: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
  file_id: '21544'
  file_name: public_author_version.pdf
  file_size: 606321
  relation: main_file
  title: Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
file_date_updated: 2021-03-18T17:12:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- reinforcement learning
- distributed
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)
publisher: IEEE
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: software
    url: https://github.com/ RealVNF/distributed-drl-coordination
status: public
title: Distributed Online Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '20693'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "In practical, large-scale networks, services are requested\r\nby users across
    the globe, e.g., for video streaming.\r\nServices consist of multiple interconnected
    components such as\r\nmicroservices in a service mesh. Coordinating these services\r\nrequires
    scaling them according to continuously changing user\r\ndemand, deploying instances
    at the edge close to their users,\r\nand routing traffic efficiently between users
    and connected instances.\r\nNetwork and service coordination is commonly addressed\r\nthrough
    centralized approaches, where a single coordinator\r\nknows everything and coordinates
    the entire network globally.\r\nWhile such centralized approaches can reach global
    optima, they\r\ndo not scale to large, realistic networks. In contrast, distributed\r\napproaches
    scale well, but sacrifice solution quality due to their\r\nlimited scope of knowledge
    and coordination decisions.\r\n\r\nTo this end, we propose a hierarchical coordination
    approach\r\nthat combines the good solution quality of centralized approaches\r\nwith
    the scalability of distributed approaches. In doing so, we divide\r\nthe network
    into multiple hierarchical domains and optimize\r\ncoordination in a top-down
    manner. We compare our hierarchical\r\nwith a centralized approach in an extensive
    evaluation on a real-world\r\nnetwork topology. Our results indicate that hierarchical\r\ncoordination
    can find close-to-optimal solutions in a fraction of\r\nthe runtime of centralized
    approaches."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Mirko
  full_name: Jürgens, Mirko
  last_name: Jürgens
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Jürgens M, Karl H. Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network
    and Service Coordination. In: <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated
    Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Jürgens, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2021). Divide and Conquer:
    Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination. In <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium
    on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. Bordeaux, France: IFIP/IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Jürgens_Karl_2021, title={Divide and Conquer:
    Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination}, booktitle={IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)}, publisher={IFIP/IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Jürgens, Mirko and Karl, Holger}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Mirko Jürgens, and Holger Karl. “Divide and
    Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination.” In <i>IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, and H. Karl, “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical
    Network and Service Coordination,” in <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on
    Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, Bordeaux, France, 2021.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network
    and Service Coordination.” <i>IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated
    Network Management (IM)</i>, IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, M. Jürgens, H. Karl, in: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium
    on Integrated Network Management (IM), IFIP/IEEE, 2021.'
conference:
  location: Bordeaux, France
  name: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)
date_created: 2020-12-11T08:39:47Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:32Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
  date_updated: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
  file_id: '20694'
  file_name: preprint_with_header.pdf
  file_size: 7979772
  relation: main_file
  title: 'Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination'
file_date_updated: 2020-12-11T08:37:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- hierarchical
- scalability
- nfv
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)
publisher: IFIP/IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Divide and Conquer: Hierarchical Network and Service Coordination'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '21808'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services consist of interconnected components,e.g., microservices
    in a service mesh or machine learning functions in a pipeline. These services
    can scale and run across multiple network nodes on demand. To process incoming
    traffic, service components have to be instantiated and traffic assigned to these
    instances, taking capacities, changing demands, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements
    into account. This challenge is usually solved with custom approaches designed
    by experts. While this typically works well for the considered scenario, the models
    often rely on unrealistic assumptions or on knowledge that is not available in
    practice (e.g., a priori knowledge).\r\n\r\nWe propose DeepCoord, a novel deep
    reinforcement learning approach that learns how to best coordinate services and
    is geared towards realistic assumptions. It interacts with the network and relies
    on available, possibly delayed monitoring information. Rather than defining a
    complex model or an algorithm on how to achieve an objective, our model-free approach
    adapts to various objectives and traffic patterns. An agent is trained offline
    without expert knowledge and then applied online with minimal overhead. Compared
    to a state-of-the-art heuristic, DeepCoord significantly improves flow throughput
    (up to 76%) and overall network utility (more than 2x) on realworld network topologies
    and traffic traces. It also supports optimizing multiple, possibly competing objectives,
    learns to respect QoS requirements, generalizes to scenarios with unseen, stochastic
    traffic, and scales to large real-world networks. For reproducibility and reuse,
    our code is publicly available."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Adnan
  full_name: Manzoor, Adnan
  last_name: Manzoor
- first_name: Haydar
  full_name: Qarawlus, Haydar
  last_name: Qarawlus
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Schellenberg, Rafael
  last_name: Schellenberg
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
citation:
  ama: Schneider SB, Khalili R, Manzoor A, et al. Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and
    Service Management</i>. 2021. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>
  apa: Schneider, S. B., Khalili, R., Manzoor, A., Qarawlus, H., Schellenberg, R.,
    Karl, H., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Schneider_Khalili_Manzoor_Qarawlus_Schellenberg_Karl_Hecker_2021,
    title={Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement
    Learning}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>},
    journal={Transactions on Network and Service Management}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Khalili, Ramin and Manzoor, Adnan and Qarawlus, Haydar and
    Schellenberg, Rafael and Karl, Holger and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Ramin Khalili, Adnan Manzoor, Haydar Qarawlus,
    Rafael Schellenberg, Holger Karl, and Artur Hecker. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective
    Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network
    and Service Management</i>, 2021. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider <i>et al.</i>, “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” <i>Transactions on Network and Service Management</i>,
    2021.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>Transactions on Network and
    Service Management</i>, IEEE, 2021, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503">10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503</a>.
  short: S.B. Schneider, R. Khalili, A. Manzoor, H. Qarawlus, R. Schellenberg, H.
    Karl, A. Hecker, Transactions on Network and Service Management (2021).
date_created: 2021-04-27T08:04:16Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:15Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2021.3076503
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
  date_updated: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
  description: Author version of the accepted paper
  file_id: '21809'
  file_name: ris-accepted-version.pdf
  file_size: 4172270
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2021-04-27T08:01:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- network management
- service management
- coordination
- reinforcement learning
- self-learning
- self-adaptation
- multi-objective
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: Transactions on Network and Service Management
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Self-Learning Multi-Objective Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement
  Learning
type: journal_article
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '33854'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Macrodiversity is a key technique to increase the capacity of mobile networks.
    It can be realized using coordinated multipoint (CoMP), simultaneously connecting
    users to multiple overlapping cells. Selecting which users to serve by how many
    and which cells is NP-hard but needs to happen continuously in real time as users
    move and channel state changes. Existing approaches often require strict assumptions
    about or perfect knowledge of the underlying radio system, its resource allocation
    scheme, or user movements, none of which is readily available in practice.\r\n\r\nInstead,
    we propose three novel self-learning and self-adapting approaches using model-free
    deep reinforcement learning (DRL): DeepCoMP, DD-CoMP, and D3-CoMP. DeepCoMP leverages
    central observations and control of all users to select cells almost optimally.
    DD-CoMP and D3-CoMP use multi-agent DRL, which allows distributed, robust, and
    highly scalable coordination. All three approaches learn from experience and self-adapt
    to varying scenarios, reaching 2x higher Quality of Experience than other approaches.
    They have very few built-in assumptions and do not need prior system knowledge,
    making them more robust to change and better applicable in practice than existing
    approaches."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Karl H, Khalili R, Hecker A. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint
    Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.; 2021.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Karl, H., Khalili, R., &#38; Hecker, A. (2021). <i>DeepCoMP:
    Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>.'
  bibtex: '@book{Schneider_Karl_Khalili_Hecker_2021, title={DeepCoMP: Coordinated
    Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Karl, Holger and Khalili, Ramin and Hecker, Artur}, year={2021}
    }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Holger Karl, Ramin Khalili, and Artur Hecker.
    <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>,
    2021.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, and A. Hecker, <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated
    Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. <i>DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using
    Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning</i>. 2021.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, H. Karl, R. Khalili, A. Hecker, DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint
    Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning, 2021.'
date_created: 2022-10-20T16:44:19Z
date_updated: 2022-11-18T09:59:27Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
  date_updated: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
  file_id: '33855'
  file_name: preprint.pdf
  file_size: 2521656
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2022-10-20T16:41:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- mobility management
- coordinated multipoint
- CoMP
- cell selection
- resource management
- reinforcement learning
- multi agent
- MARL
- self-learning
- self-adaptation
- QoE
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
status: public
title: 'DeepCoMP: Coordinated Multipoint Using Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning'
type: working_paper
user_id: '477'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '35889'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Network and service coordination is important to provide modern services consisting
    of multiple interconnected components, e.g., in 5G, network function virtualization
    (NFV), or cloud and edge computing. In this paper, I outline my dissertation research,
    which proposes six approaches to automate such network and service coordination.
    All approaches dynamically react to the current demand and optimize coordination
    for high service quality and low costs. The approaches range from centralized
    to distributed methods and from conventional heuristic algorithms and mixed-integer
    linear programs to machine learning approaches using supervised and reinforcement
    learning. I briefly discuss their main ideas and advantages over other state-of-the-art
    approaches and compare strengths and weaknesses.
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
citation:
  ama: Schneider SB. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and
    Service Coordination</i>.; 2021.
  apa: Schneider, S. B. (2021). <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for
    Network and Service Coordination</i>.
  bibtex: '@book{Schneider_2021, title={Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches
    for Network and Service Coordination}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar}, year={2021}
    }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches
    for Network and Service Coordination</i>, 2021.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider, <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network
    and Service Coordination</i>. 2021.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar. <i>Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches
    for Network and Service Coordination</i>. 2021.
  short: S.B. Schneider, Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network
    and Service Coordination, 2021.
date_created: 2023-01-10T15:08:50Z
date_updated: 2023-01-10T15:09:05Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2023-01-10T15:07:03Z
  date_updated: 2023-01-10T15:07:03Z
  file_id: '35890'
  file_name: main.pdf
  file_size: 133340
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2023-01-10T15:07:03Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- nfv
- coordination
- machine learning
- reinforcement learning
- phd
- digest
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: 'SFB 901: SFB 901'
- _id: '4'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C: SFB 901 - Project Area C'
- _id: '16'
  name: 'SFB 901 - C4: SFB 901 - Subproject C4'
status: public
title: Conventional and Machine Learning Approaches for Network and Service Coordination
type: working_paper
user_id: '35343'
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '19607'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services consist of modular, interconnected\r\ncomponents, e.g., microservices
    forming a service mesh. To\r\ndynamically adjust to ever-changing service demands,
    service\r\ncomponents have to be instantiated on nodes across the network.\r\nIncoming
    flows requesting a service then need to be routed\r\nthrough the deployed instances
    while considering node and link\r\ncapacities. Ultimately, the goal is to maximize
    the successfully\r\nserved flows and Quality of Service (QoS) through online service\r\ncoordination.
    Current approaches for service coordination are\r\nusually centralized, assuming
    up-to-date global knowledge and\r\nmaking global decisions for all nodes in the
    network. Such global\r\nknowledge and centralized decisions are not realistic
    in practical\r\nlarge-scale networks.\r\n\r\nTo solve this problem, we propose
    two algorithms for fully\r\ndistributed service coordination. The proposed algorithms
    can be\r\nexecuted individually at each node in parallel and require only\r\nvery
    limited global knowledge. We compare and evaluate both\r\nalgorithms with a state-of-the-art
    centralized approach in extensive\r\nsimulations on a large-scale, real-world
    network topology.\r\nOur results indicate that the two algorithms can compete
    with\r\ncentralized approaches in terms of solution quality but require\r\nless
    global knowledge and are magnitudes faster (more than\r\n100x)."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Lars Dietrich
  full_name: Klenner, Lars Dietrich
  last_name: Klenner
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Klenner LD, Karl H. Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed
    Service Coordination. In: <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service
    Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE; 2020.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Klenner, L. D., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Every Node for Itself:
    Fully Distributed Service Coordination. In <i>IEEE International Conference on
    Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Klenner_Karl_2020, title={Every Node for Itself:
    Fully Distributed Service Coordination}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Klenner, Lars Dietrich and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Lars Dietrich Klenner, and Holger Karl. “Every
    Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination.” In <i>IEEE International
    Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE, 2020.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, L. D. Klenner, and H. Karl, “Every Node for Itself: Fully
    Distributed Service Coordination,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Network
    and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, 2020.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed
    Service Coordination.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and Service
    Management (CNSM)</i>, IEEE, 2020.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, L.D. Klenner, H. Karl, in: IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM), IEEE, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-22T06:23:40Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:08Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-09-22T06:25:57Z
  date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:25Z
  file_id: '19608'
  file_name: ris_with_copyright.pdf
  file_size: 500948
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:25Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- distributed management
- service coordination
- network coordination
- nfv
- softwarization
- orchestration
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: 'Every Node for Itself: Fully Distributed Service Coordination'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '19609'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Modern services comprise interconnected components,\r\ne.g., microservices
    in a service mesh, that can scale and\r\nrun on multiple nodes across the network
    on demand. To process\r\nincoming traffic, service components have to be instantiated
    and\r\ntraffic assigned to these instances, taking capacities and changing\r\ndemands
    into account. This challenge is usually solved with\r\ncustom approaches designed
    by experts. While this typically\r\nworks well for the considered scenario, the
    models often rely\r\non unrealistic assumptions or on knowledge that is not available\r\nin
    practice (e.g., a priori knowledge).\r\n\r\nWe propose a novel deep reinforcement
    learning approach that\r\nlearns how to best coordinate services and is geared
    towards\r\nrealistic assumptions. It interacts with the network and relies on\r\navailable,
    possibly delayed monitoring information. Rather than\r\ndefining a complex model
    or an algorithm how to achieve an\r\nobjective, our model-free approach adapts
    to various objectives\r\nand traffic patterns. An agent is trained offline without
    expert\r\nknowledge and then applied online with minimal overhead. Compared\r\nto
    a state-of-the-art heuristic, it significantly improves flow\r\nthroughput and
    overall network utility on real-world network\r\ntopologies and traffic traces.
    It also learns to optimize different\r\nobjectives, generalizes to scenarios with
    unseen, stochastic traffic\r\npatterns, and scales to large real-world networks."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Adnan
  full_name: Manzoor, Adnan
  last_name: Manzoor
- first_name: Haydar
  full_name: Qarawlus, Haydar
  last_name: Qarawlus
- first_name: Rafael
  full_name: Schellenberg, Rafael
  last_name: Schellenberg
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Ramin
  full_name: Khalili, Ramin
  last_name: Khalili
- first_name: Artur
  full_name: Hecker, Artur
  last_name: Hecker
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Manzoor A, Qarawlus H, et al. Self-Driving Network and Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning. In: <i>IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE; 2020.'
  apa: Schneider, S. B., Manzoor, A., Qarawlus, H., Schellenberg, R., Karl, H., Khalili,
    R., &#38; Hecker, A. (2020). Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using
    Deep Reinforcement Learning. In <i>IEEE International Conference on Network and
    Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Manzoor_Qarawlus_Schellenberg_Karl_Khalili_Hecker_2020,
    title={Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement
    Learning}, booktitle={IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management
    (CNSM)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Manzoor, Adnan
    and Qarawlus, Haydar and Schellenberg, Rafael and Karl, Holger and Khalili, Ramin
    and Hecker, Artur}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Adnan Manzoor, Haydar Qarawlus, Rafael Schellenberg,
    Holger Karl, Ramin Khalili, and Artur Hecker. “Self-Driving Network and Service
    Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” In <i>IEEE International Conference
    on Network and Service Management (CNSM)</i>. IEEE, 2020.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider <i>et al.</i>, “Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning,” in <i>IEEE International Conference on Network
    and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, 2020.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination
    Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.” <i>IEEE International Conference on Network
    and Service Management (CNSM)</i>, IEEE, 2020.
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, A. Manzoor, H. Qarawlus, R. Schellenberg, H. Karl, R. Khalili,
    A. Hecker, in: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management
    (CNSM), IEEE, 2020.'
date_created: 2020-09-22T06:28:22Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:54:08Z
ddc:
- '006'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-09-22T06:29:16Z
  date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:00Z
  file_id: '19610'
  file_name: ris_with_copyright.pdf
  file_size: 642999
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-09-22T06:36:00Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- self-driving networks
- self-learning
- network coordination
- service coordination
- reinforcement learning
- deep learning
- nfv
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Self-Driving Network and Service Coordination Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16726'
author:
- first_name: Hadi
  full_name: Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi
  id: '60845'
  last_name: Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei
- first_name: Ashwin Prasad
  full_name: Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Ashwin Prasad
  id: '66637'
  last_name: Shivarpatna Venkatesh
- first_name: Amey
  full_name: Churi, Amey
  last_name: Churi
- first_name: Marvin
  full_name: Illian, Marvin
  id: '44169'
  last_name: Illian
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei H, Shivarpatna Venkatesh AP, Churi A, Illian M, Karl
    H. Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources. In: <i>European
    Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.'
  apa: Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, H., Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. P., Churi, A., Illian,
    M., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous
    Resources. In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei_Shivarpatna Venkatesh_Churi_Illian_Karl,
    title={Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources}, booktitle={European
    Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)}, author={Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei,
    Hadi and Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Ashwin Prasad and Churi, Amey and Illian, Marvin
    and Karl, Holger} }'
  chicago: Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi, Ashwin Prasad Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Amey
    Churi, Marvin Illian, and Holger Karl. “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services
    on Heterogeneous Resources.” In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications
    (EUCNC 2020)</i>, n.d.
  ieee: H. Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, A. P. Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. Churi, M. Illian,
    and H. Karl, “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources,”
    in <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)</i>.
  mla: Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, Hadi, et al. “Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services
    on Heterogeneous Resources.” <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications
    (EUCNC 2020)</i>.
  short: 'H. Razzaghi Kouchaksaraei, A.P. Shivarpatna Venkatesh, A. Churi, M. Illian,
    H. Karl, in: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020),
    n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2020-06-18
  name: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)
  start_date: 2020-06-15
date_created: 2020-04-20T09:36:53Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:55Z
department:
- _id: '34'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '23'
  grant_number: '762057'
  name: 5G Programmable Infrastructure Converging disaggregated neTwork and compUte
    Resources
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
publication: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2020)
publication_status: accepted
status: public
title: Dynamic Provisioning of Network Services on Heterogeneous Resources
type: conference
user_id: '60845'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '17082'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Data-parallel applications run on cluster of servers in a datacenter and their
    communication triggers correlated resource demand on multiple links that can be
    abstracted as coflow. They often desire predictable network performance, which
    can be passed to network via coflow abstraction for application-aware network
    scheduling. In this paper, we propose a heuristic and an optimization algorithm
    for predictable network performance such that they guarantee coflows completion
    within their deadlines. The algorithms also ensure high network utilization, i.e.,
    it's work-conserving, and avoids starvation of coflows. We evaluate both algorithms
    via trace-driven simulation and show that they admit 1.1x more coflows than the
    Varys scheme while meeting their deadlines.
author:
- first_name: Asif
  full_name: Hasnain, Asif
  id: '63288'
  last_name: Hasnain
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Hasnain A, Karl H. Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data
    Center Applications. In: <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster,
    Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. IEEE Computer Society; 2020. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>'
  apa: 'Hasnain, A., &#38; Karl, H. (2020). Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees
    for Data Center Applications. In <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium
    on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. Melbourne, Australia: IEEE
    Computer Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Hasnain_Karl_2020, title={Coflow Scheduling with Performance
    Guarantees for Data Center Applications}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>},
    booktitle={2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet
    Computing (CCGRID)}, publisher={IEEE Computer Society}, author={Hasnain, Asif
    and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees
    for Data Center Applications.” In <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium
    on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>. IEEE Computer Society,
    2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>.
  ieee: A. Hasnain and H. Karl, “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for
    Data Center Applications,” in <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on
    Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>, Melbourne, Australia, 2020.
  mla: Hasnain, Asif, and Holger Karl. “Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees
    for Data Center Applications.” <i>2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on
    Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID)</i>, IEEE Computer Society, 2020,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010">https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010</a>.
  short: 'A. Hasnain, H. Karl, in: 2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster,
    Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID), IEEE Computer Society, 2020.'
conference:
  location: Melbourne, Australia
  name: 2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet
    Computing (CCGRID)
date_created: 2020-06-06T07:40:45Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:53:04Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/CCGrid49817.2020.00010
keyword:
- Coflow
- Scheduling
- Deadlines
- Data centers
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9139642
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
publication: 2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet
  Computing (CCGRID)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE Computer Society
status: public
title: Coflow Scheduling with Performance Guarantees for Data Center Applications
type: conference
user_id: '63288'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16219'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Network function virtualization (NFV) proposes\r\nto replace physical middleboxes
    with more flexible virtual\r\nnetwork functions (VNFs). To dynamically adjust
    to everchanging\r\ntraffic demands, VNFs have to be instantiated and\r\ntheir
    allocated resources have to be adjusted on demand.\r\nDeciding the amount of allocated
    resources is non-trivial.\r\nExisting optimization approaches often assume fixed
    resource\r\nrequirements for each VNF instance. However, this can easily\r\nlead
    to either waste of resources or bad service quality if too\r\nmany or too few
    resources are allocated.\r\n\r\nTo solve this problem, we train machine learning
    models\r\non real VNF data, containing measurements of performance\r\nand resource
    requirements. For each VNF, the trained models\r\ncan then accurately predict
    the required resources to handle\r\na certain traffic load. We integrate these
    machine learning\r\nmodels into an algorithm for joint VNF scaling and placement\r\nand
    evaluate their impact on resulting VNF placements. Our\r\nevaluation based on
    real-world data shows that using suitable\r\nmachine learning models effectively
    avoids over- and underallocation\r\nof resources, leading to up to 12 times lower
    resource\r\nconsumption and better service quality with up to 4.5 times\r\nlower
    total delay than using standard fixed resource allocation."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Narayanan Puthenpurayil
  full_name: Satheeschandran, Narayanan Puthenpurayil
  last_name: Satheeschandran
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Satheeschandran NP, Peuster M, Karl H. Machine Learning for
    Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization. In: <i>IEEE Conference
    on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>. IEEE; 2020.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Satheeschandran, N. P., Peuster, M., &#38; Karl, H. (2020).
    Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization.
    In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>. Ghent, Belgium:
    IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Satheeschandran_Peuster_Karl_2020, title={Machine
    Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization},
    booktitle={IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)}, publisher={IEEE},
    author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Satheeschandran, Narayanan Puthenpurayil
    and Peuster, Manuel and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Narayanan Puthenpurayil Satheeschandran, Manuel
    Peuster, and Holger Karl. “Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in
    Network Function Virtualization.” In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization
    (NetSoft)</i>. IEEE, 2020.
  ieee: S. B. Schneider, N. P. Satheeschandran, M. Peuster, and H. Karl, “Machine
    Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization,”
    in <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>, Ghent, Belgium,
    2020.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource
    Allocation in Network Function Virtualization.” <i>IEEE Conference on Network
    Softwarization (NetSoft)</i>, IEEE, 2020.
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, N.P. Satheeschandran, M. Peuster, H. Karl, in: IEEE Conference
    on Network Softwarization (NetSoft), IEEE, 2020.'
conference:
  location: Ghent, Belgium
  name: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)
date_created: 2020-03-03T11:42:22Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:46Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2020-03-03T11:42:16Z
  date_updated: 2020-03-03T11:42:16Z
  file_id: '16220'
  file_name: ris_preprint.pdf
  file_size: 476590
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-03-03T11:42:16Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Machine Learning for Dynamic Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '16400'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Softwarization facilitates the introduction of smart\r\nmanufacturing applications
    in the industry. Manifold devices\r\nsuch as machine computers, Industrial IoT
    devices, tablets,\r\nsmartphones and smart glasses are integrated into factory
    networks\r\nto enable shop floor digitalization and big data analysis. To\r\nhandle
    the increasing number of devices and the resulting traffic,\r\na flexible and
    scalable factory network is necessary which can be\r\nrealized using softwarization
    technologies like Network Function\r\nVirtualization (NFV). However, the security
    risks increase with\r\nthe increasing number of new devices, so that cyber security
    must\r\nalso be considered in NFV-based networks.\r\n\r\nTherefore, extending
    our previous work, we showcase threat\r\ndetection using a cloud-native NFV-driven
    intrusion detection\r\nsystem (IDS) that is integrated in our industrial-specific
    network\r\nservices. As a result of the threat detection, the affected network\r\nservice
    is put into quarantine via automatic network reconfiguration.\r\nWe use the 5GTANGO
    service platform to deploy our\r\ndeveloped network services on Kubernetes and
    to initiate the\r\nnetwork reconfiguration."
author:
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Müller, Marcel
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Behnke, Daniel
  last_name: Behnke
- first_name: Patrick-Benjamin
  full_name: Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
  last_name: Bök
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Müller M, Behnke D, Bök P-B, Schneider SB, Peuster M, Karl H. Cloud-Native
    Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing. In: <i>IEEE Conference
    on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE; 2020.'
  apa: 'Müller, M., Behnke, D., Bök, P.-B., Schneider, S. B., Peuster, M., &#38; Karl,
    H. (2020). Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing.
    In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent,
    Belgium: IEEE.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Müller_Behnke_Bök_Schneider_Peuster_Karl_2020, place={Ghent,
    Belgium}, title={Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing},
    booktitle={IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track}, publisher={IEEE},
    author={Müller, Marcel and Behnke, Daniel and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Schneider,
    Stefan Balthasar and Peuster, Manuel and Karl, Holger}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: 'Müller, Marcel, Daniel Behnke, Patrick-Benjamin Bök, Stefan Balthasar
    Schneider, Manuel Peuster, and Holger Karl. “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and
    Containment for Smart Manufacturing.” In <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization
    (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>. Ghent, Belgium: IEEE, 2020.'
  ieee: M. Müller, D. Behnke, P.-B. Bök, S. B. Schneider, M. Peuster, and H. Karl,
    “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing,” in <i>IEEE
    Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>, Ghent, Belgium,
    2020.
  mla: Müller, Marcel, et al. “Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart
    Manufacturing.” <i>IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track</i>,
    IEEE, 2020.
  short: 'M. Müller, D. Behnke, P.-B. Bök, S.B. Schneider, M. Peuster, H. Karl, in:
    IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track, IEEE, Ghent, Belgium,
    2020.'
conference:
  location: Ghent, Belgium
  name: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track
date_created: 2020-04-03T11:53:00Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:50Z
department:
- _id: '75'
language:
- iso: eng
place: Ghent, Belgium
project:
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) Demo Track
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Cloud-Native Threat Detection and Containment for Smart Manufacturing
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '13868'
author:
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Pukrop, Simon
  id: '44428'
  last_name: Pukrop
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Mäcker, Alexander
  id: '13536'
  last_name: Mäcker
- first_name: Friedhelm
  full_name: Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
  id: '15523'
  last_name: Meyer auf der Heide
citation:
  ama: 'Pukrop S, Mäcker A, Meyer auf der Heide F. Approximating Weighted Completion
    Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times. In: <i>Proceedings of the 46th International
    Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>.
    ; 2020.'
  apa: Pukrop, S., Mäcker, A., &#38; Meyer auf der Heide, F. (2020). Approximating
    Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times. In <i>Proceedings
    of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice
    of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Pukrop_Mäcker_Meyer auf der Heide_2020, title={Approximating
    Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times}, booktitle={Proceedings
    of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice
    of Computer Science (SOFSEM)}, author={Pukrop, Simon and Mäcker, Alexander and
    Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm}, year={2020} }'
  chicago: Pukrop, Simon, Alexander Mäcker, and Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide. “Approximating
    Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice
    of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020.
  ieee: S. Pukrop, A. Mäcker, and F. Meyer auf der Heide, “Approximating Weighted
    Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times,” in <i>Proceedings of the
    46th International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer
    Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020.
  mla: Pukrop, Simon, et al. “Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling
    with Setup Times.” <i>Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current
    Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)</i>, 2020.
  short: 'S. Pukrop, A. Mäcker, F. Meyer auf der Heide, in: Proceedings of the 46th
    International Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer
    Science (SOFSEM), 2020.'
date_created: 2019-10-15T12:19:49Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:51:45Z
department:
- _id: '63'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Current Trends in
  Theory and Practice of Computer Science (SOFSEM)
status: public
title: Approximating Weighted Completion Time for Order Scheduling with Setup Times
type: conference
user_id: '44428'
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '13770'
author:
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Dennis
  full_name: Kundisch, Dennis
  id: '21117'
  last_name: Kundisch
- first_name: Friedhelm
  full_name: Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm
  id: '15523'
  last_name: Meyer auf der Heide
- first_name: Heike
  full_name: Wehrheim, Heike
  id: '573'
  last_name: Wehrheim
citation:
  ama: 'Karl H, Kundisch D, Meyer auf der Heide F, Wehrheim H. A Case for a New IT
    Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing. <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>.
    2020;62(6):467-481. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>'
  apa: 'Karl, H., Kundisch, D., Meyer auf der Heide, F., &#38; Wehrheim, H. (2020).
    A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing. <i>Business &#38; Information
    Systems Engineering</i>, <i>62</i>(6), 467–481. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Karl_Kundisch_Meyer auf der Heide_Wehrheim_2020, title={A Case
    for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing}, volume={62}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>},
    number={6}, journal={Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering}, publisher={Springer},
    author={Karl, Holger and Kundisch, Dennis and Meyer auf der Heide, Friedhelm and
    Wehrheim, Heike}, year={2020}, pages={467–481} }'
  chicago: 'Karl, Holger, Dennis Kundisch, Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide, and Heike
    Wehrheim. “A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing.” <i>Business &#38;
    Information Systems Engineering</i> 62, no. 6 (2020): 467–81. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. Karl, D. Kundisch, F. Meyer auf der Heide, and H. Wehrheim, “A Case for
    a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing,” <i>Business &#38; Information Systems
    Engineering</i>, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 467–481, 2020, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.'
  mla: 'Karl, Holger, et al. “A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing.”
    <i>Business &#38; Information Systems Engineering</i>, vol. 62, no. 6, Springer,
    2020, pp. 467–81, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x">10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x</a>.'
  short: H. Karl, D. Kundisch, F. Meyer auf der Heide, H. Wehrheim, Business &#38;
    Information Systems Engineering 62 (2020) 467–481.
date_created: 2019-10-10T13:41:06Z
date_updated: 2022-12-02T09:27:17Z
ddc:
- '004'
department:
- _id: '276'
- _id: '75'
- _id: '63'
- _id: '77'
doi: 10.1007/s12599-019-00627-x
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: ups
  date_created: 2019-12-12T10:24:47Z
  date_updated: 2019-12-12T10:24:47Z
  file_id: '15311'
  file_name: Karl2019_Article_ACaseForANewITEcosystemOn-The-.pdf
  file_size: 454532
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2019-12-12T10:24:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        62'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 467-481
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '2'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area A
- _id: '3'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '82'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area T
- _id: '5'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject A1
- _id: '6'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject A2
- _id: '7'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject A3
- _id: '8'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject A4
- _id: '9'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject B1
- _id: '10'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject B2
- _id: '11'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject B3
- _id: '12'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject B4
- _id: '13'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C1
- _id: '14'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C2
- _id: '15'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C3
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '17'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C5
- _id: '83'
  name: SFB 901 -Subproject T1
- _id: '84'
  name: SFB 901 -Subproject T2
- _id: '107'
  name: SFB 901 -Subproject T3
- _id: '158'
  name: 'SFB 901 - T4: SFB 901 -Subproject T4'
publication: Business & Information Systems Engineering
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
status: public
title: 'A Case for a New IT Ecosystem: On-The-Fly Computing'
type: journal_article
user_id: '477'
volume: 62
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '3287'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "For optimal placement and orchestration of network services, it is crucial\r\nthat
    their structure and semantics are specified clearly and comprehensively\r\nand
    are available to an orchestrator. Existing specification approaches are\r\neither
    ambiguous or miss important aspects regarding the behavior of virtual\r\nnetwork
    functions (VNFs) forming a service. We propose to formally and\r\nunambiguously
    specify the behavior of these functions and services using\r\nQueuing Petri Nets
    (QPNs). QPNs are an established method that allows to\r\nexpress queuing, synchronization,
    stochastically distributed processing delays,\r\nand changing traffic volume and
    characteristics at each VNF. With QPNs,\r\nmultiple VNFs can be connected to complete
    network services in any structure,\r\neven specifying bidirectional network services
    containing loops.\r\n  We discuss how management and orchestration systems can
    benefit from our\r\nclear and comprehensive specification approach, leading to
    better placement of\r\nVNFs and improved Quality of Service. Another benefit of
    formally specifying\r\nnetwork services with QPNs are diverse analysis options,
    which allow valuable\r\ninsights such as the distribution of end-to-end delay.
    We propose a tool-based\r\nworkflow that supports the specification of network
    services and the automatic\r\ngeneration of corresponding simulation code to enable
    an in-depth analysis of\r\ntheir behavior and performance."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Arnab
  full_name: Sharma, Arnab
  id: '67200'
  last_name: Sharma
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
- first_name: Heike
  full_name: Wehrheim, Heike
  id: '573'
  last_name: Wehrheim
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Sharma A, Karl H, Wehrheim H. Specifying and Analyzing Virtual
    Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets. In: <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>. Washington, DC, USA: IFIP;
    2019:116--124.'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Sharma, A., Karl, H., &#38; Wehrheim, H. (2019). Specifying
    and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets. In <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE
    International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i> (pp. 116--124).
    Washington, DC, USA: IFIP.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Sharma_Karl_Wehrheim_2019, place={Washington,
    DC, USA}, title={Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing
    Petri Nets}, booktitle={2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network
    Management (IM)}, publisher={IFIP}, author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Sharma,
    Arnab and Karl, Holger and Wehrheim, Heike}, year={2019}, pages={116--124} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Arnab Sharma, Holger Karl, and Heike Wehrheim.
    “Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets.”
    In <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management
    (IM)</i>, 116--124. Washington, DC, USA: IFIP, 2019.'
  ieee: S. B. Schneider, A. Sharma, H. Karl, and H. Wehrheim, “Specifying and Analyzing
    Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets,” in <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, Washington, DC, USA, 2019,
    pp. 116--124.
  mla: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network
    Services Using Queuing Petri Nets.” <i>2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium
    on Integrated Network Management (IM)</i>, IFIP, 2019, pp. 116--124.
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, A. Sharma, H. Karl, H. Wehrheim, in: 2019 IFIP/IEEE International
    Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM), IFIP, Washington, DC, USA, 2019,
    pp. 116--124.'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-04-12
  location: Washington, DC, USA
  name: 2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)
  start_date: 2019-04-08
date_created: 2018-06-18T15:23:18Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:59:09Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '77'
- _id: '75'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2019-01-07T12:38:35Z
  date_updated: 2019-01-07T12:38:35Z
  file_id: '6504'
  file_name: ris_preprint.pdf
  file_size: 497528
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-01-07T12:38:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: http://dl.ifip.org/db/conf/im/im2019/188490.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 116--124
place: Washington, DC, USA
project:
- _id: '3'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area B
- _id: '11'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject B3
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
- _id: '25'
  call_identifier: 5G PPP Phase 1
  grant_number: '671517'
  name: 'SONATA NFV: Agile Service Development and Orchestration in 5G Virtualized
    Networks'
publication: 2019 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management
  (IM)
publisher: IFIP
status: public
title: Specifying and Analyzing Virtual Network Services Using Queuing Petri Nets
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '9270'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "As 5G and network function virtualization (NFV) are maturing, it becomes
    crucial to demonstrate their feasibility and benefits by means of vertical scenarios.
    While 5GPPP has identified smart manufacturing as one of the most important vertical
    industries, there is still a lack of specific, practical use cases. \r\n\r\nUsing
    the experience from a large-scale manufacturing company, Weidm{\\\"u}ller Group,
    we present a detailed use case that reflects the needs of real-world manufacturers.
    We also propose an architecture with specific network services and virtual network
    functions (VNFs) that realize the use case in practice. As a proof of concept,
    we implement the required services and deploy them on an emulation-based prototyping
    platform. Our experimental results indicate that a fully virtualized smart manufacturing
    use case is not only feasible but also reduces machine interconnection and configuration
    time and thus improves productivity by orders of magnitude."
author:
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Behnke, Daniel
  last_name: Behnke
- first_name: Müller
  full_name: Marcel, Müller
  last_name: Marcel
- first_name: Patrick-Benjamin
  full_name: Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
  last_name: Bök
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Schneider SB, Peuster M, Behnke D, Marcel M, Bök P-B, Karl H. Putting 5G into
    Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario. In: <i>European
    Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>. Valencia, Spain: IEEE;
    2019. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>'
  apa: 'Schneider, S. B., Peuster, M., Behnke, D., Marcel, M., Bök, P.-B., &#38; Karl,
    H. (2019). Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical
    Scenario. In <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>.
    Valencia, Spain: IEEE. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016">https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Schneider_Peuster_Behnke_Marcel_Bök_Karl_2019, place={Valencia,
    Spain}, title={Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical
    Scenario}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>},
    booktitle={European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)}, publisher={IEEE},
    author={Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Peuster, Manuel and Behnke, Daniel and
    Marcel, Müller and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, Manuel Peuster, Daniel Behnke, Müller Marcel,
    Patrick-Benjamin Bök, and Holger Karl. “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing
    a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario.” In <i>European Conference on Networks
    and Communications (EuCNC)</i>. Valencia, Spain: IEEE, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016">https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. B. Schneider, M. Peuster, D. Behnke, M. Marcel, P.-B. Bök, and H. Karl,
    “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario,”
    in <i>European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)</i>, 2019.'
  mla: 'Schneider, Stefan Balthasar, et al. “Putting 5G into Production: Realizing
    a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario.” <i>European Conference on Networks and
    Communications (EuCNC)</i>, IEEE, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016">10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016</a>.'
  short: 'S.B. Schneider, M. Peuster, D. Behnke, M. Marcel, P.-B. Bök, H. Karl, in:
    European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC), IEEE, Valencia, Spain,
    2019.'
date_created: 2019-04-23T09:27:06Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:12Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1109/eucnc.2019.8802016
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: stschn
  date_created: 2019-04-23T09:29:49Z
  date_updated: 2019-12-12T09:15:57Z
  file_id: '9272'
  file_name: preprint_ris_with_header.pdf
  file_size: 374397
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-12-12T09:15:57Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- 5g
- vertical
- smart manufacturing
- nfv
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8802016
oa: '1'
place: Valencia, Spain
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
publication: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EuCNC)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: 'Putting 5G into Production: Realizing a Smart Manufacturing Vertical Scenario'
type: conference
user_id: '35343'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '8113'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "The ongoing softwarization of networks creates a big need for automated testing
    solutions to ensure service quality. This becomes even more important if agile
    environments with short time to market and high demands, in terms of service performance
    and availability, are considered.\r\nIn this paper, we introduce a novel testing
    solution for virtualized, microservice-based network functions and services, which
    we base on TTCN-3, a well known testing language defined by the European standards
    institute (ETSI). We use TTCN-3 not only for functional testing but also answer
    the question whether TTCN-3 can be used for  performance profiling tasks as well.
    Finally, we demonstrate the proposed concepts and solutions in a case study using
    our open-source prototype to test and profile a chained network service."
author:
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Dröge, Christian
  last_name: Dröge
- first_name: Clemens
  full_name: Boos, Clemens
  last_name: Boos
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: Peuster M, Dröge C, Boos C, Karl H. Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based
    network services using TTCN-3. <i>ICT Express</i>. 2019. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>
  apa: Peuster, M., Dröge, C., Boos, C., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). Joint testing and
    profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3. <i>ICT Express</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Peuster_Dröge_Boos_Karl_2019, title={Joint testing and profiling
    of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>},
    journal={ICT Express}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Peuster, Manuel and Dröge,
    Christian and Boos, Clemens and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: Peuster, Manuel, Christian Dröge, Clemens Boos, and Holger Karl. “Joint
    Testing and Profiling of Microservice-Based Network Services Using TTCN-3.” <i>ICT
    Express</i>, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>.
  ieee: M. Peuster, C. Dröge, C. Boos, and H. Karl, “Joint testing and profiling of
    microservice-based network services using TTCN-3,” <i>ICT Express</i>, 2019.
  mla: Peuster, Manuel, et al. “Joint Testing and Profiling of Microservice-Based
    Network Services Using TTCN-3.” <i>ICT Express</i>, Elsevier BV, 2019, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001">10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001</a>.
  short: M. Peuster, C. Dröge, C. Boos, H. Karl, ICT Express (2019).
date_created: 2019-02-26T18:07:33Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:51Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1016/j.icte.2019.02.001
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: peuster
  date_created: 2019-02-26T18:09:43Z
  date_updated: 2019-02-26T18:09:43Z
  file_id: '8114'
  file_name: main_for_ris.pdf
  file_size: 232599
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-02-26T18:09:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405959519300402
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
publication: ICT Express
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2405-9595
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: Joint testing and profiling of microservice-based network services using TTCN-3
type: journal_article
user_id: '477'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '8240'
author:
- first_name: Sevil
  full_name: Dräxler, Sevil
  id: '31764'
  last_name: Dräxler
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Dräxler S, Karl H. SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous
    Services with Flexible Structures. In: <i>5th IEEE International Conference on
    Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>.'
  apa: 'Dräxler, S., &#38; Karl, H. (n.d.). SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing
    of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures. In <i>5th IEEE International
    Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>. Paris.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Dräxler_Karl, title={SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing
    of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures}, booktitle={5th IEEE International
    Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019}, author={Dräxler, Sevil and
    Karl, Holger} }'
  chicago: 'Dräxler, Sevil, and Holger Karl. “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing
    of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures.” In <i>5th IEEE International
    Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>, n.d.'
  ieee: 'S. Dräxler and H. Karl, “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous
    Services with Flexible Structures,” in <i>5th IEEE International Conference on
    Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>, Paris.'
  mla: 'Dräxler, Sevil, and Holger Karl. “SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing
    of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible Structures.” <i>5th IEEE International
    Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019</i>.'
  short: 'S. Dräxler, H. Karl, in: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization
    (NetSoft) 2019, n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-06-28
  location: Paris
  name: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft) 2019
  start_date: 2019-06-24
date_created: 2019-03-04T09:23:54Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:03:52Z
department:
- _id: '75'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '23'
  grant_number: '762057'
  name: 5G Programmable Infrastructure Converging disaggregated neTwork and compUte
    Resources
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)
  2019
publication_status: accepted
status: public
title: 'SPRING: Scaling, Placement, and Routing of Heterogeneous Services with Flexible
  Structures'
type: conference
user_id: '31764'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '8792'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "5G together with software defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualisation
    (NFV) will enable a wide variety of vertical use cases. One of them is the smart
    man- ufacturing case which utilises 5G networks to interconnect production machines,
    machine parks, and factory sites to enable new possibilities in terms of flexibility,
    automation, and novel applications (industry 4.0). However, the availability of
    realistic and practical proof-of-concepts for those smart manufacturing scenarios
    is still limited.\r\nThis demo fills this gap by not only showing a real-world
    smart manufacturing application entirely implemented using NFV concepts, but also
    a lightweight prototyping framework that simplifies the realisation of vertical
    NFV proof-of-concepts. Dur- ing the demo, we show how an NFV-based smart manufacturing
    scenario can be specified, on-boarded, and instantiated before we demonstrate
    how the presented NFV services simplify machine data collection, aggregation,
    and analysis."
author:
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Stefan Balthasar
  full_name: Schneider, Stefan Balthasar
  id: '35343'
  last_name: Schneider
  orcid: 0000-0001-8210-4011
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Behnke, Daniel
  last_name: Behnke
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Müller, Marcel
  last_name: Müller
- first_name: Patrick-Benjamin
  full_name: Bök, Patrick-Benjamin
  last_name: Bök
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: 'Peuster M, Schneider SB, Behnke D, Müller M, Bök P-B, Karl H. Prototyping
    and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case. In: <i>5th IEEE
    International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>. Paris;
    2019. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>'
  apa: 'Peuster, M., Schneider, S. B., Behnke, D., Müller, M., Bök, P.-B., &#38; Karl,
    H. (2019). Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing
    Case. In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft
    2019)</i>. Paris. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685">https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Peuster_Schneider_Behnke_Müller_Bök_Karl_2019, place={Paris},
    title={Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>},
    booktitle={5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft
    2019)}, author={Peuster, Manuel and Schneider, Stefan Balthasar and Behnke, Daniel
    and Müller, Marcel and Bök, Patrick-Benjamin and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: 'Peuster, Manuel, Stefan Balthasar Schneider, Daniel Behnke, Marcel Müller,
    Patrick-Benjamin Bök, and Holger Karl. “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals:
    The Smart Manufacturing Case.” In <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network
    Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>. Paris, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685">https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Peuster, S. B. Schneider, D. Behnke, M. Müller, P.-B. Bök, and H. Karl,
    “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case,” in
    <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)</i>,
    Paris, 2019.'
  mla: 'Peuster, Manuel, et al. “Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart
    Manufacturing Case.” <i>5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization
    (NetSoft 2019)</i>, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685">10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685</a>.'
  short: 'M. Peuster, S.B. Schneider, D. Behnke, M. Müller, P.-B. Bök, H. Karl, in:
    5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019), Paris,
    2019.'
conference:
  end_date: 2019-06-28
  location: Paris
  name: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft 2019)
  start_date: 2019-06-24
date_created: 2019-04-01T13:37:05Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:01Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: peuster
  date_created: 2019-04-01T13:46:18Z
  date_updated: 2019-04-01T13:46:18Z
  file_id: '8794'
  file_name: main_for_ris.pdf
  file_size: 1693793
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-04-01T13:46:18Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806685
oa: '1'
place: Paris
project:
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: 5th IEEE International Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft
  2019)
status: public
title: 'Prototyping and Demonstrating 5G Verticals: The Smart Manufacturing Case'
type: conference
user_id: '13271'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '8795'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Softwarized networks are the key enabler for elastic, on-demand service deployments
    of virtualized network functions. They allow to dynamically steer traffic\r\nthrough
    the network when new network functions are instantiated, or old ones\r\nare terminated.
    These scenarios become in particular challenging when stateful functions are involved,
    necessitating state management solutions to migrate\r\nstate between the functions.
    The problem with existing solutions is that they typically embrace state migration
    and flow rerouting jointly, imposing a huge set\r\nof requirements on the on-boarded
    virtualized network functions (VNFs), eg,\r\nsolution-specific state management
    interfaces.\r\nTo change this, we introduce the seamless handover protocol (SHarP).
    An\r\neasy-to-use, loss-less, and order-preserving flow rerouting mechanism that
    is\r\nnot fixed to a single state management approach. Using SHarP, VNF vendors\r\nare
    empowered to implement or use the state management solution of their\r\nchoice.
    SHarP supports these solutions with additional information when flows\r\nare migrated.
    In this paper, we present SHarP's design, its open source prototype\r\nimplementation,
    and show how SHarP significantly reduces the buffer usage at\r\na central (SDN)
    controller, which is a typical bottleneck in state-of-the-art solutions. Our experiments
    show that SHarP uses a constant amount of controller\r\nbuffer, irrespective of
    the time taken to migrate the VNF state."
article_number: e2067
author:
- first_name: Manuel
  full_name: Peuster, Manuel
  id: '13271'
  last_name: Peuster
- first_name: Hannes
  full_name: Küttner, Hannes
  last_name: Küttner
- first_name: Holger
  full_name: Karl, Holger
  id: '126'
  last_name: Karl
citation:
  ama: Peuster M, Küttner H, Karl H. A flow handover protocol to support state migration
    in softwarized networks. <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>. 2019.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067">10.1002/nem.2067</a>
  apa: Peuster, M., Küttner, H., &#38; Karl, H. (2019). A flow handover protocol to
    support state migration in softwarized networks. <i>International Journal of Network
    Management</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067">https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Peuster_Küttner_Karl_2019, title={A flow handover protocol to
    support state migration in softwarized networks}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067">10.1002/nem.2067</a>},
    number={e2067}, journal={International Journal of Network Management}, author={Peuster,
    Manuel and Küttner, Hannes and Karl, Holger}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: Peuster, Manuel, Hannes Küttner, and Holger Karl. “A Flow Handover Protocol
    to Support State Migration in Softwarized Networks.” <i>International Journal
    of Network Management</i>, 2019. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067">https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067</a>.
  ieee: M. Peuster, H. Küttner, and H. Karl, “A flow handover protocol to support
    state migration in softwarized networks,” <i>International Journal of Network
    Management</i>, 2019.
  mla: Peuster, Manuel, et al. “A Flow Handover Protocol to Support State Migration
    in Softwarized Networks.” <i>International Journal of Network Management</i>,
    e2067, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/nem.2067">10.1002/nem.2067</a>.
  short: M. Peuster, H. Küttner, H. Karl, International Journal of Network Management
    (2019).
date_created: 2019-04-01T17:47:36Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:01Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '75'
doi: 10.1002/nem.2067
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: peuster
  date_created: 2019-04-01T18:04:14Z
  date_updated: 2019-04-01T18:04:14Z
  file_id: '8796'
  file_name: main_for_ris.pdf
  file_size: 2571927
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-04-01T18:04:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/nem.2067
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '28'
  grant_number: '761493'
  name: 5G Development and validation platform for global industry-specific network
    services and Apps
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
publication: International Journal of Network Management
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1055-7148
  - 1099-1190
publication_status: published
status: public
title: A flow handover protocol to support state migration in softwarized networks
type: journal_article
user_id: '13271'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '8866'
author:
- first_name: Klaus
  full_name: Jansen, Klaus
  last_name: Jansen
- first_name: Marten
  full_name: Maack, Marten
  last_name: Maack
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Mäcker, Alexander
  id: '13536'
  last_name: Mäcker
citation:
  ama: 'Jansen K, Maack M, Mäcker A. Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup
    Times. In: <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed
    Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>. IEEE; 2019:145-154.'
  apa: Jansen, K., Maack, M., &#38; Mäcker, A. (2019). Scheduling on (Un-)Related
    Machines with Setup Times. In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel
    and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i> (pp. 145–154). IEEE.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Jansen_Maack_Mäcker_2019, title={Scheduling on (Un-)Related
    Machines with Setup Times}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International
    Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Jansen,
    Klaus and Maack, Marten and Mäcker, Alexander}, year={2019}, pages={145–154} }'
  chicago: Jansen, Klaus, Marten Maack, and Alexander Mäcker. “Scheduling on (Un-)Related
    Machines with Setup Times.” In <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel
    and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, 145–54. IEEE, 2019.
  ieee: K. Jansen, M. Maack, and A. Mäcker, “Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with
    Setup Times,” in <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed
    Processing Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, 2019, pp. 145–154.
  mla: Jansen, Klaus, et al. “Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times.”
    <i>Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing
    Symposium (IPDPS)</i>, IEEE, 2019, pp. 145–54.
  short: 'K. Jansen, M. Maack, A. Mäcker, in: Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International
    Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS), IEEE, 2019, pp. 145–154.'
date_created: 2019-04-09T11:28:46Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:04:04Z
department:
- _id: '63'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 145 - 154
project:
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '16'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C4
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
publication: Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing
  Symposium (IPDPS)
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Scheduling on (Un-)Related Machines with Setup Times
type: conference
user_id: '13536'
year: '2019'
...
