---
_id: '18'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Branch and bound (B&B) algorithms structure the search space as a tree and
    eliminate infeasible solutions early by pruning subtrees that cannot lead to a
    valid or optimal solution. Custom hardware designs significantly accelerate the
    execution of these algorithms. In this article, we demonstrate a high-performance
    B&B implementation on FPGAs. First, we identify general elements of B&B algorithms
    and describe their implementation as a finite state machine. Then, we introduce
    workers that autonomously cooperate using work stealing to allow parallel execution
    and full utilization of the target FPGA. Finally, we explore advantages of instance-specific
    designs that target a specific problem instance to improve performance.\r\n\r\nWe
    evaluate our concepts by applying them to a branch and bound problem, the reconstruction
    of corrupted AES keys obtained from cold-boot attacks. The evaluation shows that
    our work stealing approach is scalable with the available resources and provides
    speedups proportional to the number of workers. Instance-specific designs allow
    us to achieve an overall speedup of 47 × compared to the fastest implementation
    of AES key reconstruction so far. Finally, we demonstrate how instance-specific
    designs can be generated just-in-time such that the provided speedups outweigh
    the additional time required for design synthesis."
author:
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Lass, Michael
  id: '24135'
  last_name: Lass
  orcid: 0000-0002-5708-7632
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Mittendorf, Robert
  last_name: Mittendorf
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Löcke, Thomas
  last_name: Löcke
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: Riebler H, Lass M, Mittendorf R, Löcke T, Plessl C. Efficient Branch and Bound
    on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and Instance-Specific Designs. <i>ACM Transactions
    on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)</i>. 2017;10(3):24:1-24:23. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">10.1145/3053687</a>
  apa: Riebler, H., Lass, M., Mittendorf, R., Löcke, T., &#38; Plessl, C. (2017).
    Efficient Branch and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and Instance-Specific
    Designs. <i>ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)</i>,
    <i>10</i>(3), 24:1-24:23. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Riebler_Lass_Mittendorf_Löcke_Plessl_2017, title={Efficient Branch
    and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and Instance-Specific Designs}, volume={10},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">10.1145/3053687</a>}, number={3},
    journal={ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)}, publisher={Association
    for Computing Machinery (ACM)}, author={Riebler, Heinrich and Lass, Michael and
    Mittendorf, Robert and Löcke, Thomas and Plessl, Christian}, year={2017}, pages={24:1-24:23}
    }'
  chicago: 'Riebler, Heinrich, Michael Lass, Robert Mittendorf, Thomas Löcke, and
    Christian Plessl. “Efficient Branch and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and
    Instance-Specific Designs.” <i>ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and
    Systems (TRETS)</i> 10, no. 3 (2017): 24:1-24:23. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. Riebler, M. Lass, R. Mittendorf, T. Löcke, and C. Plessl, “Efficient Branch
    and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and Instance-Specific Designs,” <i>ACM
    Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)</i>, vol. 10, no.
    3, p. 24:1-24:23, 2017, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">10.1145/3053687</a>.'
  mla: Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “Efficient Branch and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing
    and Instance-Specific Designs.” <i>ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology
    and Systems (TRETS)</i>, vol. 10, no. 3, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM),
    2017, p. 24:1-24:23, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3053687">10.1145/3053687</a>.
  short: H. Riebler, M. Lass, R. Mittendorf, T. Löcke, C. Plessl, ACM Transactions
    on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS) 10 (2017) 24:1-24:23.
date_created: 2017-07-25T14:17:32Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:23:58Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
doi: 10.1145/3053687
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: ups
  date_created: 2018-11-02T16:04:14Z
  date_updated: 2018-11-02T16:04:14Z
  file_id: '5322'
  file_name: a24-riebler.pdf
  file_size: 2131617
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-11-02T16:04:14Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '3'
keyword:
- coldboot
language:
- iso: eng
page: 24:1-24:23
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C2
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
- _id: '52'
  name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
publication: ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems (TRETS)
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1936-7406
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Efficient Branch and Bound on FPGAs Using Work Stealing and Instance-Specific
  Designs
type: journal_article
user_id: '15278'
volume: 10
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '31'
author:
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: Ettore M. G.
  full_name: Trainiti, Ettore M. G.
  last_name: Trainiti
- first_name: Gianluca C.
  full_name: Durelli, Gianluca C.
  last_name: Durelli
- first_name: Cristiana
  full_name: Bolchini, Cristiana
  last_name: Bolchini
citation:
  ama: 'Riebler H, Vaz GF, Plessl C, Trainiti EMG, Durelli GC, Bolchini C. Using Just-in-Time
    Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems.
    In: <i>Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable Computing (WRC)</i>. ; 2016.'
  apa: Riebler, H., Vaz, G. F., Plessl, C., Trainiti, E. M. G., Durelli, G. C., &#38;
    Bolchini, C. (2016). Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource
    Management in Heterogeneous Systems. <i>Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable
    Computing (WRC)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Riebler_Vaz_Plessl_Trainiti_Durelli_Bolchini_2016, title={Using
    Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous
    Systems}, booktitle={Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable Computing (WRC)},
    author={Riebler, Heinrich and Vaz, Gavin Francis and Plessl, Christian and Trainiti,
    Ettore M. G. and Durelli, Gianluca C. and Bolchini, Cristiana}, year={2016} }'
  chicago: Riebler, Heinrich, Gavin Francis Vaz, Christian Plessl, Ettore M. G. Trainiti,
    Gianluca C. Durelli, and Cristiana Bolchini. “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation
    for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems.” In <i>Proc. HiPEAC
    Workshop on Reonfigurable Computing (WRC)</i>, 2016.
  ieee: H. Riebler, G. F. Vaz, C. Plessl, E. M. G. Trainiti, G. C. Durelli, and C.
    Bolchini, “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management
    in Heterogeneous Systems,” 2016.
  mla: Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent
    Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems.” <i>Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable
    Computing (WRC)</i>, 2016.
  short: 'H. Riebler, G.F. Vaz, C. Plessl, E.M.G. Trainiti, G.C. Durelli, C. Bolchini,
    in: Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable Computing (WRC), 2016.'
date_created: 2017-07-26T15:16:31Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:25:59Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: deffel
  date_created: 2019-01-11T11:56:55Z
  date_updated: 2019-01-11T11:56:55Z
  file_id: '6626'
  file_name: wrc_upb_polimi_final.pdf
  file_size: 394563
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2019-01-11T11:56:55Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C2
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proc. HiPEAC Workshop on Reonfigurable Computing (WRC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous
  Systems
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '138'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Hardware accelerators are becoming popular in academia and industry. To move
    one step further from the state-of-the-art multicore plus accelerator approaches,
    we present in this paper our innovative SAVEHSA architecture. It comprises of
    a heterogeneous hardware platform with three different high-end accelerators attached
    over PCIe (GPGPU, FPGA and Intel MIC). Such systems can process parallel workloads
    very efficiently whilst being more energy efficient than regular CPU systems.
    To leverage the heterogeneity, the workload has to be distributed among the computing
    units in a way that each unit is well-suited for the assigned task and executable
    code must be available. To tackle this problem we present two software components;
    the first can perform resource allocation at runtime while respecting system and
    application goals (in terms of throughput, energy, latency, etc.) and the second
    is able to analyze an application and generate executable code for an accelerator
    at runtime. We demonstrate the first proof-of-concept implementation of our framework
    on the heterogeneous platform, discuss different runtime policies and measure
    the introduced overheads.
author:
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: 'Ettore M. G. '
  full_name: 'Trainiti, Ettore M. G. '
  last_name: Trainiti
- first_name: Gianluca C.
  full_name: Durelli, Gianluca C.
  last_name: Durelli
- first_name: Emanuele
  full_name: Del Sozzo, Emanuele
  last_name: Del Sozzo
- first_name: 'Marco D. '
  full_name: 'Santambrogio, Marco D. '
  last_name: Santambrogio
- first_name: Christina
  full_name: Bolchini, Christina
  last_name: Bolchini
citation:
  ama: 'Riebler H, Vaz GF, Plessl C, et al. Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for
    Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems. In: <i>Proceedings of
    International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI)</i>.
    IEEE; 2016:1-5. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>'
  apa: Riebler, H., Vaz, G. F., Plessl, C., Trainiti, E. M. G., Durelli, G. C., Del
    Sozzo, E., Santambrogio, M. D., &#38; Bolchini, C. (2016). Using Just-in-Time
    Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems.
    <i>Proceedings of International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society
    and Industry (RTSI)</i>, 1–5. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Riebler_Vaz_Plessl_Trainiti_Durelli_Del Sozzo_Santambrogio_Bolchini_2016,
    title={Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management
    in Heterogeneous Systems}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of International Forum on Research and Technologies for
    Society and Industry (RTSI)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Riebler, Heinrich and
    Vaz, Gavin Francis and Plessl, Christian and Trainiti, Ettore M. G.  and Durelli,
    Gianluca C. and Del Sozzo, Emanuele and Santambrogio, Marco D.  and Bolchini,
    Christina}, year={2016}, pages={1–5} }'
  chicago: Riebler, Heinrich, Gavin Francis Vaz, Christian Plessl, Ettore M. G.  Trainiti,
    Gianluca C. Durelli, Emanuele Del Sozzo, Marco D.  Santambrogio, and Christina
    Bolchini. “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management
    in Heterogeneous Systems.” In <i>Proceedings of International Forum on Research
    and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI)</i>, 1–5. IEEE, 2016. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>.
  ieee: 'H. Riebler <i>et al.</i>, “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent
    Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems,” in <i>Proceedings of International
    Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI)</i>, 2016,
    pp. 1–5, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>.'
  mla: Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent
    Resource Management in Heterogeneous Systems.” <i>Proceedings of International
    Forum on Research and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI)</i>, IEEE,
    2016, pp. 1–5, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545">10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545</a>.
  short: 'H. Riebler, G.F. Vaz, C. Plessl, E.M.G. Trainiti, G.C. Durelli, E. Del Sozzo,
    M.D. Santambrogio, C. Bolchini, in: Proceedings of International Forum on Research
    and Technologies for Society and Industry (RTSI), IEEE, 2016, pp. 1–5.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:18Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:28:11Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
doi: 10.1109/RTSI.2016.7740545
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-21T13:01:09Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-21T13:01:09Z
  file_id: '1560'
  file_name: 138-07740545.pdf
  file_size: 184334
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-21T13:01:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-5
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of International Forum on Research and Technologies for Society
  and Industry (RTSI)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Using Just-in-Time Code Generation for Transparent Resource Management in Heterogeneous
  Systems
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '165'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A broad spectrum of applications can be accelerated by offloading computation
    intensive parts to reconfigurable hardware. However, to achieve speedups, the
    number of loop it- erations (trip count) needs to be sufficiently large to amortize
    offloading overheads. Trip counts are frequently not known at compile time, but
    only at runtime just before entering a loop. Therefore, we propose to generate
    code for both the CPU and the coprocessor, and defer the offloading decision to
    the application runtime. We demonstrate how a toolflow, based on the LLVM compiler
    framework, can automatically embed dynamic offloading de- cisions into the application
    code. We perform in-depth static and dynamic analysis of pop- ular benchmarks,
    which confirm the general potential of such an approach. We also pro- pose to
    optimize the offloading process by decoupling the runtime decision from the loop
    execution (decision slack). The feasibility of our approach is demonstrated by
    a toolflow that automatically identifies suitable data-parallel loops and generates
    code for the FPGA coprocessor of a Convey HC-1. We evaluate the integrated toolflow
    with representative loops executed for different input data sizes.
author:
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: Vaz GF, Riebler H, Kenter T, Plessl C. Potential and Methods for Embedding
    Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application Code. <i>Computers and Electrical
    Engineering</i>. 2016;55:91-111. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>
  apa: Vaz, G. F., Riebler, H., Kenter, T., &#38; Plessl, C. (2016). Potential and
    Methods for Embedding Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application Code. <i>Computers
    and Electrical Engineering</i>, <i>55</i>, 91–111. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Vaz_Riebler_Kenter_Plessl_2016, title={Potential and Methods for
    Embedding Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application Code}, volume={55}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>},
    journal={Computers and Electrical Engineering}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Vaz,
    Gavin Francis and Riebler, Heinrich and Kenter, Tobias and Plessl, Christian},
    year={2016}, pages={91–111} }'
  chicago: 'Vaz, Gavin Francis, Heinrich Riebler, Tobias Kenter, and Christian Plessl.
    “Potential and Methods for Embedding Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application
    Code.” <i>Computers and Electrical Engineering</i> 55 (2016): 91–111. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>.'
  ieee: 'G. F. Vaz, H. Riebler, T. Kenter, and C. Plessl, “Potential and Methods for
    Embedding Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application Code,” <i>Computers and
    Electrical Engineering</i>, vol. 55, pp. 91–111, 2016, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>.'
  mla: Vaz, Gavin Francis, et al. “Potential and Methods for Embedding Dynamic Offloading
    Decisions into Application Code.” <i>Computers and Electrical Engineering</i>,
    vol. 55, Elsevier, 2016, pp. 91–111, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021">10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021</a>.
  short: G.F. Vaz, H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, Computers and Electrical Engineering
    55 (2016) 91–111.
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:24Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:26:38Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
doi: 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2016.04.021
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-21T12:45:47Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-21T12:45:47Z
  file_id: '1544'
  file_name: 165-1-s2.0-S0045790616301021-main.pdf
  file_size: 3037854
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-21T12:45:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        55'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 91-111
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Computers and Electrical Engineering
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0045-7906
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Potential and Methods for Embedding Dynamic Offloading Decisions into Application
  Code
type: journal_article
user_id: '15278'
volume: 55
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '171'
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Kenter T, Vaz GF, Riebler H, Plessl C. Opportunities for deferring application
    partitioning and accelerator synthesis to runtime (extended abstract). In: <i>Workshop
    on Reconfigurable Computing (WRC)</i>. ; 2016.'
  apa: Kenter, T., Vaz, G. F., Riebler, H., &#38; Plessl, C. (2016). Opportunities
    for deferring application partitioning and accelerator synthesis to runtime (extended
    abstract). <i>Workshop on Reconfigurable Computing (WRC)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kenter_Vaz_Riebler_Plessl_2016, title={Opportunities for
    deferring application partitioning and accelerator synthesis to runtime (extended
    abstract)}, booktitle={Workshop on Reconfigurable Computing (WRC)}, author={Kenter,
    Tobias and Vaz, Gavin Francis and Riebler, Heinrich and Plessl, Christian}, year={2016}
    }'
  chicago: Kenter, Tobias, Gavin Francis Vaz, Heinrich Riebler, and Christian Plessl.
    “Opportunities for Deferring Application Partitioning and Accelerator Synthesis
    to Runtime (Extended Abstract).” In <i>Workshop on Reconfigurable Computing (WRC)</i>,
    2016.
  ieee: T. Kenter, G. F. Vaz, H. Riebler, and C. Plessl, “Opportunities for deferring
    application partitioning and accelerator synthesis to runtime (extended abstract),”
    2016.
  mla: Kenter, Tobias, et al. “Opportunities for Deferring Application Partitioning
    and Accelerator Synthesis to Runtime (Extended Abstract).” <i>Workshop on Reconfigurable
    Computing (WRC)</i>, 2016.
  short: 'T. Kenter, G.F. Vaz, H. Riebler, C. Plessl, in: Workshop on Reconfigurable
    Computing (WRC), 2016.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:25Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:27:21Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-21T12:39:46Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-21T12:39:46Z
  file_id: '1538'
  file_name: 171-plessl16_fpl_wrc.pdf
  file_size: 54421
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-21T12:39:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Workshop on Reconfigurable Computing (WRC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Opportunities for deferring application partitioning and accelerator synthesis
  to runtime (extended abstract)
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2016'
...
---
_id: '1772'
author:
- first_name: Jim
  full_name: Torresen, Jim
  last_name: Torresen
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: Xin
  full_name: Yao, Xin
  last_name: Yao
citation:
  ama: Torresen J, Plessl C, Yao X. Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Systems – Guest
    Editor’s Introduction. <i>IEEE Computer</i>. 2015;48(7):18-20. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205">10.1109/MC.2015.205</a>
  apa: Torresen, J., Plessl, C., &#38; Yao, X. (2015). Self-Aware and Self-Expressive
    Systems – Guest Editor’s Introduction. <i>IEEE Computer</i>, <i>48</i>(7), 18–20.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205">https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Torresen_Plessl_Yao_2015, title={Self-Aware and Self-Expressive
    Systems – Guest Editor’s Introduction}, volume={48}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205">10.1109/MC.2015.205</a>},
    number={7}, journal={IEEE Computer}, publisher={IEEE Computer Society}, author={Torresen,
    Jim and Plessl, Christian and Yao, Xin}, year={2015}, pages={18–20} }'
  chicago: 'Torresen, Jim, Christian Plessl, and Xin Yao. “Self-Aware and Self-Expressive
    Systems – Guest Editor’s Introduction.” <i>IEEE Computer</i> 48, no. 7 (2015):
    18–20. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205">https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205</a>.'
  ieee: J. Torresen, C. Plessl, and X. Yao, “Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Systems
    – Guest Editor’s Introduction,” <i>IEEE Computer</i>, vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 18–20,
    2015.
  mla: Torresen, Jim, et al. “Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Systems – Guest Editor’s
    Introduction.” <i>IEEE Computer</i>, vol. 48, no. 7, IEEE Computer Society, 2015,
    pp. 18–20, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2015.205">10.1109/MC.2015.205</a>.
  short: J. Torresen, C. Plessl, X. Yao, IEEE Computer 48 (2015) 18–20.
date_created: 2018-03-23T14:06:12Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:53:19Z
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/MC.2015.205
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: ups
  date_created: 2018-11-02T15:47:45Z
  date_updated: 2018-11-02T15:47:45Z
  file_id: '5313'
  file_name: 07163237.pdf
  file_size: 5605009
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-11-02T15:47:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        48'
issue: '7'
keyword:
- self-awareness
- self-expression
language:
- iso: eng
page: 18-20
project:
- _id: '1'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '14'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C2
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: IEEE Computer
publisher: IEEE Computer Society
status: public
title: Self-Aware and Self-Expressive Systems – Guest Editor's Introduction
type: journal_article
user_id: '16153'
volume: 48
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '296'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: FPGAs are known to permit huge gains in performance and efficiency for suitable
    applications but still require reduced design efforts and shorter development
    cycles for wider adoption. In this work, we compare the resulting performance
    of two design concepts that in different ways promise such increased productivity.
    As common starting point, we employ a kernel-centric design approach, where computational
    hotspots in an application are identified and individually accelerated on FPGA.
    By means of a complex stereo matching application, we evaluate two fundamentally
    different design philosophies and approaches for implementing the required kernels
    on FPGAs. In the first implementation approach, we designed individually specialized
    data flow kernels in a spatial programming language for a Maxeler FPGA platform;
    in the alternative design approach, we target a vector coprocessor with large
    vector lengths, which is implemented as a form of programmable overlay on the
    application FPGAs of a Convey HC-1. We assess both approaches in terms of overall
    system performance, raw kernel performance, and performance relative to invested
    resources. After compensating for the effects of the underlying hardware platforms,
    the specialized dataflow kernels on the Maxeler platform are around 3x faster
    than kernels executing on the Convey vector coprocessor. In our concrete scenario,
    due to trade-offs between reconfiguration overheads and exposed parallelism, the
    advantage of specialized dataflow kernels is reduced to around 2.5x.
article_number: '859425'
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Schmitz, Henning
  last_name: Schmitz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: Kenter T, Schmitz H, Plessl C. Exploring Tradeoffs between Specialized Kernels
    and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study. <i>International Journal
    of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)</i>. 2015;2015. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">10.1155/2015/859425</a>
  apa: Kenter, T., Schmitz, H., &#38; Plessl, C. (2015). Exploring Tradeoffs between
    Specialized Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study. <i>International
    Journal of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)</i>, <i>2015</i>, Article 859425. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Kenter_Schmitz_Plessl_2015, title={Exploring Tradeoffs between
    Specialized Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study}, volume={2015},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">10.1155/2015/859425</a>}, number={859425},
    journal={International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)}, publisher={Hindawi},
    author={Kenter, Tobias and Schmitz, Henning and Plessl, Christian}, year={2015}
    }'
  chicago: Kenter, Tobias, Henning Schmitz, and Christian Plessl. “Exploring Tradeoffs
    between Specialized Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study.”
    <i>International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)</i> 2015 (2015). <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425</a>.
  ieee: 'T. Kenter, H. Schmitz, and C. Plessl, “Exploring Tradeoffs between Specialized
    Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study,” <i>International
    Journal of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)</i>, vol. 2015, Art. no. 859425, 2015,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">10.1155/2015/859425</a>.'
  mla: Kenter, Tobias, et al. “Exploring Tradeoffs between Specialized Kernels and
    a Reusable Overlay in a Stereo-Matching Case Study.” <i>International Journal
    of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)</i>, vol. 2015, 859425, Hindawi, 2015, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/859425">10.1155/2015/859425</a>.
  short: T. Kenter, H. Schmitz, C. Plessl, International Journal of Reconfigurable
    Computing (IJRC) 2015 (2015).
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:49Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:29:08Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1155/2015/859425
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-20T07:47:56Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:47:56Z
  file_id: '1444'
  file_name: 296-859425.pdf
  file_size: 2993898
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:47:56Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '      2015'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing (IJRC)
publisher: Hindawi
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Exploring Tradeoffs between Specialized Kernels and a Reusable Overlay in a
  Stereo-Matching Case Study
type: journal_article
user_id: '15278'
volume: 2015
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '303'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper introduces Binary Acceleration At Runtime(BAAR), an easy-to-use
    on-the-fly binary acceleration mechanismwhich aims to tackle the problem of enabling
    existentsoftware to automatically utilize accelerators at runtime. BAARis based
    on the LLVM Compiler Infrastructure and has aclient-server architecture. The client
    runs the program to beaccelerated in an environment which allows program analysisand
    profiling. Program parts which are identified as suitable forthe available accelerator
    are exported and sent to the server.The server optimizes these program parts for
    the acceleratorand provides RPC execution for the client. The client transformsits
    program to utilize accelerated execution on the server foroffloaded program parts.
    We evaluate our work with a proofof-concept implementation of BAAR that uses an
    Intel XeonPhi 5110P as the acceleration target and performs automaticoffloading,
    parallelization and vectorization of suitable programparts. The practicality of
    BAAR for real-world examples is shownbased on a study of stencil codes. Our results
    show a speedup ofup to 4 without any developer-provided hints and 5.77 withhints
    over the same code compiled with the Intel Compiler atoptimization level O2 and
    running on an Intel Xeon E5-2670machine. Based on our insights gained during implementationand
    evaluation we outline future directions of research, e.g.,offloading more fine-granular
    program parts than functions, amore sophisticated communication mechanism or introducing
    onstack-replacement.
author:
- first_name: Marvin
  full_name: Damschen, Marvin
  last_name: Damschen
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Damschen M, Plessl C. Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary Program Acceleration on
    Many-Cores. In: <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Adaptive Self-Tuning
    Computing Systems (ADAPT)</i>. ; 2015.'
  apa: Damschen, M., &#38; Plessl, C. (2015). Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary Program
    Acceleration on Many-Cores. <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on
    Adaptive Self-Tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT)</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Damschen_Plessl_2015, title={Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary
    Program Acceleration on Many-Cores}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 5th International
    Workshop on Adaptive Self-tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT)}, author={Damschen,
    Marvin and Plessl, Christian}, year={2015} }'
  chicago: Damschen, Marvin, and Christian Plessl. “Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary
    Program Acceleration on Many-Cores.” In <i>Proceedings of the 5th International
    Workshop on Adaptive Self-Tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT)</i>, 2015.
  ieee: M. Damschen and C. Plessl, “Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary Program Acceleration
    on Many-Cores,” 2015.
  mla: Damschen, Marvin, and Christian Plessl. “Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary Program
    Acceleration on Many-Cores.” <i>Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop
    on Adaptive Self-Tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT)</i>, 2015.
  short: 'M. Damschen, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop
    on Adaptive Self-Tuning Computing Systems (ADAPT), 2015.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:51Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:29:59Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1412.3906'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-20T07:46:46Z
  date_updated: 2019-08-01T09:10:44Z
  file_id: '1442'
  file_name: 303-plessl15_adapt.pdf
  file_size: 1176620
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2019-08-01T09:10:44Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Adaptive Self-tuning
  Computing Systems (ADAPT)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Easy-to-Use On-The-Fly Binary Program Acceleration on Many-Cores
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '238'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this paper, we study how binary applications can be transparently accelerated
    with novel heterogeneous computing resources without requiring any manual porting
    or developer-provided hints. Our work is based on Binary Acceleration At Runtime
    (BAAR), our previously introduced binary acceleration mechanism that uses the
    LLVM Compiler Infrastructure. BAAR is designed as a client-server architecture.
    The client runs the program to be accelerated in an environment, which allows
    program analysis and profiling and identifies and extracts suitable program parts
    to be offloaded. The server compiles and optimizes these offloaded program parts
    for the accelerator and offers access to these functions to the client with a
    remote procedure call (RPC) interface. Our previous work proved the feasibility
    of our approach, but also showed that communication time and overheads limit the
    granularity of functions that can be meaningfully offloaded. In this work, we
    motivate the importance of a lightweight, high-performance communication between
    server and client and present a communication mechanism based on the Message Passing
    Interface (MPI). We evaluate our approach by using an Intel Xeon Phi 5110P as
    the acceleration target and show that the communication overhead can be reduced
    from 40% to 10%, thus enabling even small hotspots to benefit from offloading
    to an accelerator.
author:
- first_name: Marvin
  full_name: Damschen, Marvin
  last_name: Damschen
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Damschen M, Riebler H, Vaz GF, Plessl C. Transparent offloading of computational
    hotspots from binary code to Xeon Phi. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Conference
    on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE)</i>. EDA Consortium / IEEE; 2015:1078-1083.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>'
  apa: Damschen, M., Riebler, H., Vaz, G. F., &#38; Plessl, C. (2015). Transparent
    offloading of computational hotspots from binary code to Xeon Phi. <i>Proceedings
    of the 2015 Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE)</i>, 1078–1083.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Damschen_Riebler_Vaz_Plessl_2015, title={Transparent offloading
    of computational hotspots from binary code to Xeon Phi}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Design, Automation and Test in
    Europe (DATE)}, publisher={EDA Consortium / IEEE}, author={Damschen, Marvin and
    Riebler, Heinrich and Vaz, Gavin Francis and Plessl, Christian}, year={2015},
    pages={1078–1083} }'
  chicago: Damschen, Marvin, Heinrich Riebler, Gavin Francis Vaz, and Christian Plessl.
    “Transparent Offloading of Computational Hotspots from Binary Code to Xeon Phi.”
    In <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe
    (DATE)</i>, 1078–83. EDA Consortium / IEEE, 2015. <a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Damschen, H. Riebler, G. F. Vaz, and C. Plessl, “Transparent offloading
    of computational hotspots from binary code to Xeon Phi,” in <i>Proceedings of
    the 2015 Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE)</i>, 2015,
    pp. 1078–1083, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>.'
  mla: Damschen, Marvin, et al. “Transparent Offloading of Computational Hotspots
    from Binary Code to Xeon Phi.” <i>Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Design,
    Automation and Test in Europe (DATE)</i>, EDA Consortium / IEEE, 2015, pp. 1078–83,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.7873/DATE.2015.1124">10.7873/DATE.2015.1124</a>.
  short: 'M. Damschen, H. Riebler, G.F. Vaz, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the 2015
    Conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe (DATE), EDA Consortium / IEEE,
    2015, pp. 1078–1083.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:41:38Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:31:44Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.7873/DATE.2015.1124
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-21T10:29:49Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-21T10:29:49Z
  file_id: '1500'
  file_name: 238-plessl15_date.pdf
  file_size: 380552
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-21T10:29:49Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1078-1083
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Design, Automation and Test in
  Europe (DATE)
publisher: EDA Consortium / IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Transparent offloading of computational hotspots from binary code to Xeon Phi
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '388'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In order to leverage the use of reconfigurable architectures in general-purpose
    computing, quick and automated methods to find suitable accelerator designs are
    required. We tackle this challenge in both regards. In order to avoid long synthesis
    times, we target a vector copro- cessor, implemented on the FPGAs of a Convey
    HC-1. Previous studies showed that existing tools were not able to accelerate
    a real-world application with low effort. We present a toolflow to automatically
    identify suitable loops for vectorization, generate a corresponding hardware/software
    bipartition, and generate coprocessor code. Where applicable, we leverage outer-loop
    vectorization. We evaluate our tools with a set of characteristic loops, systematically
    analyzing different dependency and data layout properties.
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Kenter T, Vaz GF, Plessl C. Partitioning and Vectorizing Binary Applications
    for a Reconfigurable Vector Computer. In: <i>Proceedings of the International
    Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools, and Applications
    (ARC)</i>. Vol 8405. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS). Springer International
    Publishing; 2014:144-155. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>'
  apa: 'Kenter, T., Vaz, G. F., &#38; Plessl, C. (2014). Partitioning and Vectorizing
    Binary Applications for a Reconfigurable Vector Computer. <i>Proceedings of the
    International Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools, and
    Applications (ARC)</i>, <i>8405</i>, 144–155. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kenter_Vaz_Plessl_2014, place={Cham}, series={Lecture Notes
    in Computer Science (LNCS)}, title={Partitioning and Vectorizing Binary Applications
    for a Reconfigurable Vector Computer}, volume={8405}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the International Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing:
    Architectures, Tools, and Applications (ARC)}, publisher={Springer International
    Publishing}, author={Kenter, Tobias and Vaz, Gavin Francis and Plessl, Christian},
    year={2014}, pages={144–155}, collection={Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS)}
    }'
  chicago: 'Kenter, Tobias, Gavin Francis Vaz, and Christian Plessl. “Partitioning
    and Vectorizing Binary Applications for a Reconfigurable Vector Computer.” In
    <i>Proceedings of the International Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures,
    Tools, and Applications (ARC)</i>, 8405:144–55. Lecture Notes in Computer Science
    (LNCS). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. Kenter, G. F. Vaz, and C. Plessl, “Partitioning and Vectorizing Binary
    Applications for a Reconfigurable Vector Computer,” in <i>Proceedings of the International
    Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools, and Applications
    (ARC)</i>, 2014, vol. 8405, pp. 144–155, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>.'
  mla: 'Kenter, Tobias, et al. “Partitioning and Vectorizing Binary Applications for
    a Reconfigurable Vector Computer.” <i>Proceedings of the International Symposium
    on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools, and Applications (ARC)</i>,
    vol. 8405, Springer International Publishing, 2014, pp. 144–55, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13</a>.'
  short: 'T. Kenter, G.F. Vaz, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the International Symposium
    on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools, and Applications (ARC), Springer
    International Publishing, Cham, 2014, pp. 144–155.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:42:07Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:34:08Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_13
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-20T07:02:02Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:02:02Z
  file_id: '1387'
  file_name: 388-plessl14_arc.pdf
  file_size: 330193
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:02:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '      8405'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 144-155
place: Cham
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: 'Proceedings of the International Symposium on Reconfigurable Computing:
  Architectures, Tools, and Applications (ARC)'
publisher: Springer International Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS)
status: public
title: Partitioning and Vectorizing Binary Applications for a Reconfigurable Vector
  Computer
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
volume: 8405
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '377'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this paper, we study how AES key schedules can be reconstructed from decayed
    memory. This operation is a crucial and time consuming operation when trying to
    break encryption systems with cold-boot attacks. In software, the reconstruction
    of the AES master key can be performed using a recursive, branch-and-bound tree-search
    algorithm that exploits redundancies in the key schedule for constraining the
    search space. In this work, we investigate how this branch-and-bound algorithm
    can be accelerated with FPGAs. We translated the recursive search procedure to
    a state machine with an explicit stack for each recursion level and create optimized
    datapaths to accelerate in particular the processing of the most frequently accessed
    tree levels. We support two different decay models, of which especially the more
    realistic non-idealized asymmetric decay model causes very high runtimes in software.
    Our implementation on a Maxeler dataflow computing system outperforms a software
    implementation for this model by up to 27x, which makes cold-boot attacks against
    AES practical even for high error rates.
author:
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Sorge, Christoph
  last_name: Sorge
citation:
  ama: 'Riebler H, Kenter T, Plessl C, Sorge C. Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from
    Decayed Memory with FPGAs. In: <i>Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing
    Machines (FCCM)</i>. IEEE; 2014:222-229. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>'
  apa: Riebler, H., Kenter, T., Plessl, C., &#38; Sorge, C. (2014). Reconstructing
    AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs. <i>Proceedings of Field-Programmable
    Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)</i>, 222–229. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Riebler_Kenter_Plessl_Sorge_2014, title={Reconstructing
    AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)},
    publisher={IEEE}, author={Riebler, Heinrich and Kenter, Tobias and Plessl, Christian
    and Sorge, Christoph}, year={2014}, pages={222–229} }'
  chicago: Riebler, Heinrich, Tobias Kenter, Christian Plessl, and Christoph Sorge.
    “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs.” In <i>Proceedings
    of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)</i>, 222–29. IEEE, 2014.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>.
  ieee: 'H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, and C. Sorge, “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules
    from Decayed Memory with FPGAs,” in <i>Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom
    Computing Machines (FCCM)</i>, 2014, pp. 222–229, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>.'
  mla: Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory
    with FPGAs.” <i>Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)</i>,
    IEEE, 2014, pp. 222–29, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FCCM.2014.67">10.1109/FCCM.2014.67</a>.
  short: 'H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, C. Sorge, in: Proceedings of Field-Programmable
    Custom Computing Machines (FCCM), IEEE, 2014, pp. 222–229.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:42:05Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:33:50Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/FCCM.2014.67
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-20T07:14:20Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:14:20Z
  file_id: '1397'
  file_name: 377-FCCM14.pdf
  file_size: 1003907
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-20T07:14:20Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- coldboot
language:
- iso: eng
page: 222-229
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines (FCCM)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Reconstructing AES Key Schedules from Decayed Memory with FPGAs
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '1778'
author:
- first_name: Gianluca
  full_name: C. Durelli, Gianluca
  last_name: C. Durelli
- first_name: Marcello
  full_name: Pogliani, Marcello
  last_name: Pogliani
- first_name: Antonio
  full_name: Miele, Antonio
  last_name: Miele
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: D. Santambrogio, Marco
  last_name: D. Santambrogio
- first_name: Cristiana
  full_name: Bolchini, Cristiana
  last_name: Bolchini
citation:
  ama: 'C. Durelli G, Pogliani M, Miele A, et al. Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous
    System Architectures: The SAVE Approach. In: <i>Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and
    Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA)</i>. IEEE; 2014:142-149. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>'
  apa: 'C. Durelli, G., Pogliani, M., Miele, A., Plessl, C., Riebler, H., Vaz, G.
    F., D. Santambrogio, M., &#38; Bolchini, C. (2014). Runtime Resource Management
    in Heterogeneous System Architectures: The SAVE Approach. <i>Proc. Int. Symp.
    on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA)</i>, 142–149.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{C. Durelli_Pogliani_Miele_Plessl_Riebler_Vaz_D. Santambrogio_Bolchini_2014,
    title={Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous System Architectures: The
    SAVE Approach}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>},
    booktitle={Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications
    (ISPA)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={C. Durelli, Gianluca and Pogliani, Marcello
    and Miele, Antonio and Plessl, Christian and Riebler, Heinrich and Vaz, Gavin
    Francis and D. Santambrogio, Marco and Bolchini, Cristiana}, year={2014}, pages={142–149}
    }'
  chicago: 'C. Durelli, Gianluca, Marcello Pogliani, Antonio Miele, Christian Plessl,
    Heinrich Riebler, Gavin Francis Vaz, Marco D. Santambrogio, and Cristiana Bolchini.
    “Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous System Architectures: The SAVE Approach.”
    In <i>Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications
    (ISPA)</i>, 142–49. IEEE, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>.'
  ieee: 'G. C. Durelli <i>et al.</i>, “Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous
    System Architectures: The SAVE Approach,” in <i>Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and
    Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA)</i>, 2014, pp. 142–149, doi: <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>.'
  mla: 'C. Durelli, Gianluca, et al. “Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous
    System Architectures: The SAVE Approach.” <i>Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and
    Distributed Processing with Applications (ISPA)</i>, IEEE, 2014, pp. 142–49, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPA.2014.27">10.1109/ISPA.2014.27</a>.'
  short: 'G. C. Durelli, M. Pogliani, A. Miele, C. Plessl, H. Riebler, G.F. Vaz, M.
    D. Santambrogio, C. Bolchini, in: Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and Distributed
    Processing with Applications (ISPA), IEEE, 2014, pp. 142–149.'
date_created: 2018-03-26T13:40:14Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:35:40Z
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/ISPA.2014.27
language:
- iso: eng
page: 142-149
project:
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proc. Int. Symp. on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications
  (ISPA)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Runtime Resource Management in Heterogeneous System Architectures: The SAVE
  Approach'
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '439'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Reconfigurable architectures provide an opportunityto accelerate a wide range
    of applications, frequentlyby exploiting data-parallelism, where the same operations
    arehomogeneously executed on a (large) set of data. However, whenthe sequential
    code is executed on a host CPU and only dataparallelloops are executed on an FPGA
    coprocessor, a sufficientlylarge number of loop iterations (trip counts) is required,
    such thatthe control- and data-transfer overheads to the coprocessor canbe amortized.
    However, the trip count of large data-parallel loopsis frequently not known at
    compile time, but only at runtime justbefore entering a loop. Therefore, we propose
    to generate codeboth for the CPU and the coprocessor, and to defer the decisionwhere
    to execute the appropriate code to the runtime of theapplication when the trip
    count of the loop can be determinedjust at runtime. We demonstrate how an LLVM
    compiler basedtoolflow can automatically insert appropriate decision blocks intothe
    application code. Analyzing popular benchmark suites, weshow that this kind of
    runtime decisions is often applicable. Thepractical feasibility of our approach
    is demonstrated by a toolflowthat automatically identifies loops suitable for
    vectorization andgenerates code for the FPGA coprocessor of a Convey HC-1. Thetoolflow
    adds decisions based on a comparison of the runtimecomputedtrip counts to thresholds
    for specific loops and alsoincludes support to move just the required data to
    the coprocessor.We evaluate the integrated toolflow with characteristic loopsexecuted
    on different input data sizes.
author:
- first_name: Gavin Francis
  full_name: Vaz, Gavin Francis
  id: '30332'
  last_name: Vaz
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Vaz GF, Riebler H, Kenter T, Plessl C. Deferring Accelerator Offloading Decisions
    to Application Runtime. In: <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on
    ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>. IEEE; 2014:1-8. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>'
  apa: Vaz, G. F., Riebler, H., Kenter, T., &#38; Plessl, C. (2014). Deferring Accelerator
    Offloading Decisions to Application Runtime. <i>Proceedings of the International
    Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, 1–8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Vaz_Riebler_Kenter_Plessl_2014, title={Deferring Accelerator
    Offloading Decisions to Application Runtime}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing
    and FPGAs (ReConFig)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Vaz, Gavin Francis and Riebler,
    Heinrich and Kenter, Tobias and Plessl, Christian}, year={2014}, pages={1–8} }'
  chicago: Vaz, Gavin Francis, Heinrich Riebler, Tobias Kenter, and Christian Plessl.
    “Deferring Accelerator Offloading Decisions to Application Runtime.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>,
    1–8. IEEE, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>.
  ieee: 'G. F. Vaz, H. Riebler, T. Kenter, and C. Plessl, “Deferring Accelerator Offloading
    Decisions to Application Runtime,” in <i>Proceedings of the International Conference
    on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, 2014, pp. 1–8, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>.'
  mla: Vaz, Gavin Francis, et al. “Deferring Accelerator Offloading Decisions to Application
    Runtime.” <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing
    and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–8, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509</a>.
  short: 'G.F. Vaz, H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the International
    Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig), IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–8.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:42:17Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:37:02Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032509
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-16T11:29:52Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-16T11:29:52Z
  file_id: '1353'
  file_name: 439-plessl14a_reconfig.pdf
  file_size: 557362
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-16T11:29:52Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-8
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing
  and FPGAs (ReConFig)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Deferring Accelerator Offloading Decisions to Application Runtime
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '406'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Stereo-matching algorithms recently received a lot of attention from the FPGA
    acceleration community. Presented solutions range from simple, very resource efficient
    systems with modest matching quality for small embedded systems to sophisticated
    algorithms with several processing steps, implemented on big FPGAs. In order to
    achieve high throughput, most implementations strongly focus on pipelining and
    data reuse between different computation steps. This approach leads to high efficiency,
    but limits the supported computation patterns and due the high integration of
    the implementation, adaptions to the algorithm are difficult. In this work, we
    present a stereo-matching implementation, that starts by offloading individual
    kernels from the CPU to the FPGA. Between subsequent compute steps on the FPGA,
    data is stored off-chip in on-board memory of the FPGA accelerator card. This
    enables us to accelerate the AD-census algorithm with cross-based aggregation
    and scanline optimization for the first time without algorithmic changes and for
    up to full HD image dimensions. Analyzing throughput and bandwidth requirements,
    we outline some trade-offs that are involved with this approach, compared to tighter
    integration of more kernel loops into one design.
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Henning
  full_name: Schmitz, Henning
  last_name: Schmitz
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Kenter T, Schmitz H, Plessl C. Kernel-Centric Acceleration of High Accuracy
    Stereo-Matching. In: <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable
    Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>. IEEE; 2014:1-8. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>'
  apa: Kenter, T., Schmitz, H., &#38; Plessl, C. (2014). Kernel-Centric Acceleration
    of High Accuracy Stereo-Matching. <i>Proceedings of the International Conference
    on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, 1–8. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Kenter_Schmitz_Plessl_2014, title={Kernel-Centric Acceleration
    of High Accuracy Stereo-Matching}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing
    and FPGAs (ReConFig)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Kenter, Tobias and Schmitz, Henning
    and Plessl, Christian}, year={2014}, pages={1–8} }'
  chicago: Kenter, Tobias, Henning Schmitz, and Christian Plessl. “Kernel-Centric
    Acceleration of High Accuracy Stereo-Matching.” In <i>Proceedings of the International
    Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, 1–8. IEEE, 2014.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>.
  ieee: 'T. Kenter, H. Schmitz, and C. Plessl, “Kernel-Centric Acceleration of High
    Accuracy Stereo-Matching,” in <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on
    ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, 2014, pp. 1–8, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>.'
  mla: Kenter, Tobias, et al. “Kernel-Centric Acceleration of High Accuracy Stereo-Matching.”
    <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing and
    FPGAs (ReConFig)</i>, IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–8, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535">10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535</a>.
  short: 'T. Kenter, H. Schmitz, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the International Conference
    on ReConFigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig), IEEE, 2014, pp. 1–8.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:42:11Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:36:40Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/ReConFig.2014.7032535
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-16T11:37:42Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-16T11:37:42Z
  file_id: '1366'
  file_name: 406-ReConFig14.pdf
  file_size: 932852
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-16T11:37:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-8
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of the International Conference on ReConFigurable Computing
  and FPGAs (ReConFig)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Kernel-Centric Acceleration of High Accuracy Stereo-Matching
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '1780'
author:
- first_name: Gianluca
  full_name: C. Durelli, Gianluca
  last_name: C. Durelli
- first_name: Marcello
  full_name: Copolla, Marcello
  last_name: Copolla
- first_name: Karim
  full_name: Djafarian, Karim
  last_name: Djafarian
- first_name: George
  full_name: Koranaros, George
  last_name: Koranaros
- first_name: Antonio
  full_name: Miele, Antonio
  last_name: Miele
- first_name: Michele
  full_name: Paolino, Michele
  last_name: Paolino
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Pell, Oliver
  last_name: Pell
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: D. Santambrogio, Marco
  last_name: D. Santambrogio
- first_name: Cristiana
  full_name: Bolchini, Cristiana
  last_name: Bolchini
citation:
  ama: 'C. Durelli G, Copolla M, Djafarian K, et al. SAVE: Towards efficient resource
    management in heterogeneous system architectures. In: <i>Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable
    Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications (ARC)</i>. Springer; 2014. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>'
  apa: 'C. Durelli, G., Copolla, M., Djafarian, K., Koranaros, G., Miele, A., Paolino,
    M., Pell, O., Plessl, C., D. Santambrogio, M., &#38; Bolchini, C. (2014). SAVE:
    Towards efficient resource management in heterogeneous system architectures. <i>Proc.
    Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications
    (ARC)</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{C. Durelli_Copolla_Djafarian_Koranaros_Miele_Paolino_Pell_Plessl_D.
    Santambrogio_Bolchini_2014, title={SAVE: Towards efficient resource management
    in heterogeneous system architectures}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>},
    booktitle={Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools
    and Applications (ARC)}, publisher={Springer}, author={C. Durelli, Gianluca and
    Copolla, Marcello and Djafarian, Karim and Koranaros, George and Miele, Antonio
    and Paolino, Michele and Pell, Oliver and Plessl, Christian and D. Santambrogio,
    Marco and Bolchini, Cristiana}, year={2014} }'
  chicago: 'C. Durelli, Gianluca, Marcello Copolla, Karim Djafarian, George Koranaros,
    Antonio Miele, Michele Paolino, Oliver Pell, Christian Plessl, Marco D. Santambrogio,
    and Cristiana Bolchini. “SAVE: Towards Efficient Resource Management in Heterogeneous
    System Architectures.” In <i>Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures,
    Tools and Applications (ARC)</i>. Springer, 2014. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>.'
  ieee: 'G. C. Durelli <i>et al.</i>, “SAVE: Towards efficient resource management
    in heterogeneous system architectures,” 2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>.'
  mla: 'C. Durelli, Gianluca, et al. “SAVE: Towards Efficient Resource Management
    in Heterogeneous System Architectures.” <i>Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable
    Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications (ARC)</i>, Springer, 2014, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38">10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38</a>.'
  short: 'G. C. Durelli, M. Copolla, K. Djafarian, G. Koranaros, A. Miele, M. Paolino,
    O. Pell, C. Plessl, M. D. Santambrogio, C. Bolchini, in: Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable
    Computing: Architectures, Tools and Applications (ARC), Springer, 2014.'
date_created: 2018-03-26T13:45:35Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:36:20Z
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05960-0_38
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: 'Proc. Int. Conf. on Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Tools and
  Applications (ARC)'
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'SAVE: Towards efficient resource management in heterogeneous system architectures'
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '528'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Cold-boot attacks exploit the fact that DRAM contents are not immediately
    lost when a PC is powered off. Instead the contents decay rather slowly, in particular
    if the DRAM chips are cooled to low temperatures. This effect opens an attack
    vector on cryptographic applications that keep decrypted keys in DRAM. An attacker
    with access to the target computer can reboot it or remove the RAM modules and
    quickly copy the RAM contents to non-volatile memory. By exploiting the known
    cryptographic structure of the cipher and layout of the key data in memory, in
    our application an AES key schedule with redundancy, the resulting memory image
    can be searched for sections that could correspond to decayed cryptographic keys;
    then, the attacker can attempt to reconstruct the original key. However, the runtime
    of these algorithms grows rapidly with increasing memory image size, error rate
    and complexity of the bit error model, which limits the practicability of the
    approach.In this work, we study how the algorithm for key search can be accelerated
    with custom computing machines. We present an FPGA-based architecture on a Maxeler
    dataflow computing system that outperforms a software implementation up to 205x,
    which significantly improves the practicability of cold-attacks against AES.
author:
- first_name: Heinrich
  full_name: Riebler, Heinrich
  id: '8961'
  last_name: Riebler
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Kenter, Tobias
  id: '3145'
  last_name: Kenter
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Sorge, Christoph
  last_name: Sorge
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Plessl, Christian
  id: '16153'
  last_name: Plessl
  orcid: 0000-0001-5728-9982
citation:
  ama: 'Riebler H, Kenter T, Sorge C, Plessl C. FPGA-accelerated Key Search for Cold-Boot
    Attacks against AES. In: <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on Field-Programmable
    Technology (FPT)</i>. IEEE; 2013:386-389. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>'
  apa: Riebler, H., Kenter, T., Sorge, C., &#38; Plessl, C. (2013). FPGA-accelerated
    Key Search for Cold-Boot Attacks against AES. <i>Proceedings of the International
    Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)</i>, 386–389. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Riebler_Kenter_Sorge_Plessl_2013, title={FPGA-accelerated
    Key Search for Cold-Boot Attacks against AES}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology
    (FPT)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Riebler, Heinrich and Kenter, Tobias and Sorge,
    Christoph and Plessl, Christian}, year={2013}, pages={386–389} }'
  chicago: Riebler, Heinrich, Tobias Kenter, Christoph Sorge, and Christian Plessl.
    “FPGA-Accelerated Key Search for Cold-Boot Attacks against AES.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)</i>, 386–89.
    IEEE, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>.
  ieee: 'H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Sorge, and C. Plessl, “FPGA-accelerated Key Search
    for Cold-Boot Attacks against AES,” in <i>Proceedings of the International Conference
    on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)</i>, 2013, pp. 386–389, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>.'
  mla: Riebler, Heinrich, et al. “FPGA-Accelerated Key Search for Cold-Boot Attacks
    against AES.” <i>Proceedings of the International Conference on Field-Programmable
    Technology (FPT)</i>, IEEE, 2013, pp. 386–89, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394">10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394</a>.
  short: 'H. Riebler, T. Kenter, C. Sorge, C. Plessl, in: Proceedings of the International
    Conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT), IEEE, 2013, pp. 386–389.'
date_created: 2017-10-17T12:42:35Z
date_updated: 2023-09-26T13:37:35Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
- _id: '27'
- _id: '518'
- _id: '78'
doi: 10.1109/FPT.2013.6718394
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: florida
  date_created: 2018-03-15T10:36:08Z
  date_updated: 2018-03-15T10:36:08Z
  file_id: '1294'
  file_name: 528-plessl13_fpt.pdf
  file_size: 822680
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-03-15T10:36:08Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- coldboot
language:
- iso: eng
page: 386-389
project:
- _id: '1'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901
- _id: '14'
  grant_number: '160364472'
  name: SFB 901 - Subprojekt C2
- _id: '13'
  name: SFB 901 - Subproject C1
- _id: '4'
  name: SFB 901 - Project Area C
- _id: '34'
  grant_number: '610996'
  name: Self-Adaptive Virtualisation-Aware High-Performance/Low-Energy Heterogeneous
    System Architectures
publication: Proceedings of the International Conference on Field-Programmable Technology
  (FPT)
publisher: IEEE
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: FPGA-accelerated Key Search for Cold-Boot Attacks against AES
type: conference
user_id: '15278'
year: '2013'
...
