---
_id: '58642'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We present a cost-effective self-assembly method to fabricate low-density
dimer NPs in an NPoM architecture, using the M13 phage as a spacer layer. This
will enable the development of dynamic plasmonic devices and advanced sensing
applications.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vasanthan
full_name: Devaraj, Vasanthan
id: '103814'
last_name: Devaraj
- first_name: Isaac Azahel
full_name: Ruiz Alvarado, Isaac Azahel
id: '79462'
last_name: Ruiz Alvarado
orcid: 0000-0002-4710-1170
- first_name: Jong-Min
full_name: Lee, Jong-Min
last_name: Lee
- first_name: Jin-Woo
full_name: Oh, Jin-Woo
last_name: Oh
- first_name: Uwe
full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
id: '171'
last_name: Gerstmann
orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
- first_name: Wolf Gero
full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
id: '468'
last_name: Schmidt
orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Zentgraf, Thomas
id: '30525'
last_name: Zentgraf
orcid: 0000-0002-8662-1101
citation:
ama: Devaraj V, Ruiz Alvarado IA, Lee J-M, et al. Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic
dimers with sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic mirror. Nanoscale Horizons. 2025;10:537-548.
doi:10.1039/d4nh00546e
apa: Devaraj, V., Ruiz Alvarado, I. A., Lee, J.-M., Oh, J.-W., Gerstmann, U., Schmidt,
W. G., & Zentgraf, T. (2025). Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with
sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic mirror. Nanoscale Horizons, 10, 537–548.
https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00546e
bibtex: '@article{Devaraj_Ruiz Alvarado_Lee_Oh_Gerstmann_Schmidt_Zentgraf_2025,
title={Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic
mirror}, volume={10}, DOI={10.1039/d4nh00546e},
journal={Nanoscale Horizons}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Devaraj,
Vasanthan and Ruiz Alvarado, Isaac Azahel and Lee, Jong-Min and Oh, Jin-Woo and
Gerstmann, Uwe and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Zentgraf, Thomas}, year={2025}, pages={537–548}
}'
chicago: 'Devaraj, Vasanthan, Isaac Azahel Ruiz Alvarado, Jong-Min Lee, Jin-Woo
Oh, Uwe Gerstmann, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and Thomas Zentgraf. “Self-Assembly of Isolated
Plasmonic Dimers with Sub-5 Nm Gaps on a Metallic Mirror.” Nanoscale Horizons
10 (2025): 537–48. https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nh00546e.'
ieee: 'V. Devaraj et al., “Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with
sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic mirror,” Nanoscale Horizons, vol. 10, pp. 537–548,
2025, doi: 10.1039/d4nh00546e.'
mla: Devaraj, Vasanthan, et al. “Self-Assembly of Isolated Plasmonic Dimers with
Sub-5 Nm Gaps on a Metallic Mirror.” Nanoscale Horizons, vol. 10, Royal
Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2025, pp. 537–48, doi:10.1039/d4nh00546e.
short: V. Devaraj, I.A. Ruiz Alvarado, J.-M. Lee, J.-W. Oh, U. Gerstmann, W.G. Schmidt,
T. Zentgraf, Nanoscale Horizons 10 (2025) 537–548.
date_created: 2025-02-14T08:13:10Z
date_updated: 2025-07-09T14:04:39Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '289'
- _id: '623'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '27'
doi: 10.1039/d4nh00546e
intvolume: ' 10'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 537-548
project:
- _id: '53'
grant_number: '231447078'
name: 'TRR 142: TRR 142 - Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden
Konzepten zu funktionellen Strukturen'
- _id: '168'
grant_number: '231447078'
name: 'TRR 142 - B07: TRR 142 - Polaronen-Einfluss auf die optischen Eigenschaften
von Lithiumniobat (B07*)'
- _id: '55'
name: 'TRR 142 - B: TRR 142 - Project Area B'
- _id: '445'
grant_number: '367360193'
name: Hochleistungsrechner Noctua in Paderborn
- _id: '52'
name: 'PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing'
publication: Nanoscale Horizons
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2055-6756
- 2055-6764
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Self-assembly of isolated plasmonic dimers with sub-5 nm gaps on a metallic
mirror
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 10
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61246'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Abstract\r\n The time-dependent
one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is solved numerically by
a hybrid pseudospectral-variational quantum algorithm that connects a pseudospectral
step for the Hamiltonian term with a variational step for the nonlinear term.
The Hamiltonian term is treated as an integrating factor by forward and backward
Fourier transforms, which are here carried out classically. This split allows
us to avoid higher-order time integration schemes, to apply a first-order explicit
time stepping for the remaining nonlinear NLSE term in a variational algorithm
block, and thus to avoid numerical instabilities. We demonstrate that the analytical
solution is reproduced with a small root mean square error for a long time interval
over which a nonlinear soliton propagates significantly forward in space while
keeping its shape. We analyze the accuracy and complexity of the quantum algorithm,
the expressibility of the ansatz circuit and compare it with classical approaches.
Furthermore, we investigate the influence of algorithm parameters on the accuracy
of the results, including the temporal step width and the depth of the quantum
circuit."
article_number: '23478'
author:
- first_name: Nikolas
full_name: Köcher, Nikolas
id: '79191'
last_name: Köcher
- first_name: Hendrik
full_name: Rose, Hendrik
id: '55958'
last_name: Rose
orcid: 0000-0002-3079-5428
- first_name: Sachin S.
full_name: Bharadwaj, Sachin S.
last_name: Bharadwaj
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Schumacher, Jörg
last_name: Schumacher
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Schumacher, Stefan
id: '27271'
last_name: Schumacher
orcid: 0000-0003-4042-4951
citation:
ama: Köcher N, Rose H, Bharadwaj SS, Schumacher J, Schumacher S. Numerical solution
of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a hybrid pseudospectral-variational quantum
algorithm. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1). doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3
apa: Köcher, N., Rose, H., Bharadwaj, S. S., Schumacher, J., & Schumacher, S.
(2025). Numerical solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a hybrid pseudospectral-variational
quantum algorithm. Scientific Reports, 15(1), Article 23478. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3
bibtex: '@article{Köcher_Rose_Bharadwaj_Schumacher_Schumacher_2025, title={Numerical
solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a hybrid pseudospectral-variational
quantum algorithm}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3},
number={123478}, journal={Scientific Reports}, publisher={Springer Science and
Business Media LLC}, author={Köcher, Nikolas and Rose, Hendrik and Bharadwaj,
Sachin S. and Schumacher, Jörg and Schumacher, Stefan}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Köcher, Nikolas, Hendrik Rose, Sachin S. Bharadwaj, Jörg Schumacher, and
Stefan Schumacher. “Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation by a
Hybrid Pseudospectral-Variational Quantum Algorithm.” Scientific Reports
15, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3.
ieee: 'N. Köcher, H. Rose, S. S. Bharadwaj, J. Schumacher, and S. Schumacher, “Numerical
solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a hybrid pseudospectral-variational
quantum algorithm,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, no. 1, Art. no. 23478,
2025, doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3.'
mla: Köcher, Nikolas, et al. “Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation
by a Hybrid Pseudospectral-Variational Quantum Algorithm.” Scientific Reports,
vol. 15, no. 1, 23478, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3.
short: N. Köcher, H. Rose, S.S. Bharadwaj, J. Schumacher, S. Schumacher, Scientific
Reports 15 (2025).
date_created: 2025-09-12T10:43:29Z
date_updated: 2025-09-12T10:57:22Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '297'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '27'
doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05660-3
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
- _id: '445'
name: Hochleistungsrechner Noctua in Paderborn
publication: Scientific Reports
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2045-2322
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Numerical solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation by a hybrid pseudospectral-variational
quantum algorithm
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 15
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63160'
article_number: '245304'
author:
- first_name: Hendrik
full_name: Rose, Hendrik
id: '55958'
last_name: Rose
orcid: 0000-0002-3079-5428
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Schumacher, Stefan
id: '27271'
last_name: Schumacher
orcid: 0000-0003-4042-4951
- first_name: Torsten
full_name: Meier, Torsten
id: '344'
last_name: Meier
orcid: 0000-0001-8864-2072
citation:
ama: 'Rose H, Schumacher S, Meier T. Microscopic approach to the quantized light-matter
interaction in semiconductor nanostructures: Complex coupled dynamics of excitons,
biexcitons, and photons. Physical Review B. 2025;112(24). doi:10.1103/528f-7smh'
apa: 'Rose, H., Schumacher, S., & Meier, T. (2025). Microscopic approach to
the quantized light-matter interaction in semiconductor nanostructures: Complex
coupled dynamics of excitons, biexcitons, and photons. Physical Review B,
112(24), Article 245304. https://doi.org/10.1103/528f-7smh'
bibtex: '@article{Rose_Schumacher_Meier_2025, title={Microscopic approach to the
quantized light-matter interaction in semiconductor nanostructures: Complex coupled
dynamics of excitons, biexcitons, and photons}, volume={112}, DOI={10.1103/528f-7smh},
number={24245304}, journal={Physical Review B}, publisher={American Physical Society
(APS)}, author={Rose, Hendrik and Schumacher, Stefan and Meier, Torsten}, year={2025}
}'
chicago: 'Rose, Hendrik, Stefan Schumacher, and Torsten Meier. “Microscopic Approach
to the Quantized Light-Matter Interaction in Semiconductor Nanostructures: Complex
Coupled Dynamics of Excitons, Biexcitons, and Photons.” Physical Review B
112, no. 24 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/528f-7smh.'
ieee: 'H. Rose, S. Schumacher, and T. Meier, “Microscopic approach to the quantized
light-matter interaction in semiconductor nanostructures: Complex coupled dynamics
of excitons, biexcitons, and photons,” Physical Review B, vol. 112, no.
24, Art. no. 245304, 2025, doi: 10.1103/528f-7smh.'
mla: 'Rose, Hendrik, et al. “Microscopic Approach to the Quantized Light-Matter
Interaction in Semiconductor Nanostructures: Complex Coupled Dynamics of Excitons,
Biexcitons, and Photons.” Physical Review B, vol. 112, no. 24, 245304,
American Physical Society (APS), 2025, doi:10.1103/528f-7smh.'
short: H. Rose, S. Schumacher, T. Meier, Physical Review B 112 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-16T15:50:42Z
date_updated: 2025-12-16T15:52:55Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '293'
- _id: '297'
- _id: '623'
- _id: '429'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '27'
doi: 10.1103/528f-7smh
intvolume: ' 112'
issue: '24'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '53'
name: 'TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten
zu funktionellen Strukturen'
- _id: '54'
name: TRR 142 - Project Area A
- _id: '59'
name: 'TRR 142; TP A02: Nichtlineare Spektroskopie von Halbleiter-Nanostrukturen
mit Quantenlicht'
- _id: '445'
name: Hochleistungsrechner Noctua in Paderborn
- _id: '52'
name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
- _id: '266'
name: 'PhoQC: Photonisches Quantencomputing'
publication: Physical Review B
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2469-9950
- 2469-9969
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
status: public
title: 'Microscopic approach to the quantized light-matter interaction in semiconductor
nanostructures: Complex coupled dynamics of excitons, biexcitons, and photons'
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 112
year: '2025'
...