---
_id: '22189'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The layered structure of Additive Manufacturing processes results in a stairstepping
    effect of the surface topographies. In general the impact of this effect strongly
    depends on the build angle of a surface, whereas the overall surface roughness
    is caused by the resolution of the specific AM process. The aim of this work is
    the prediction of the surface quality in dependence of the building orientation
    of a part. These results can finally be used to optimize the orientation to get
    a desired surface quality. As not every area of a part can be optimized, a predetermination
    of areas can be used to improve the surface quality of important areas. The model
    uses the digital STL format of a part as this is necessary for all AM machines
    to build it. Each triangle is assigned with a roughness value and by testing different
    orientations the best one can be found. This approach needs a database for the
    surface qualities. This must be done separately for each Additive Manufacturing
    process and is shown exemplary with a surface topography simulation for the laser
    sintering process.
author:
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Delfs, Patrick
  last_name: Delfs
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Toews, Marcel
  last_name: Toews
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Delfs P, Toews M, Schmid H-J. Surface roughness optimized alignment of parts
    for additive manufacturing processes. In: <i>26th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 26. ; 2015:1334-1344. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf</a>'
  apa: Delfs, P., Toews, M., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2015). Surface roughness optimized
    alignment of parts for additive manufacturing processes. In <i>26th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 26, pp. 1334–1344). <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Delfs_Toews_Schmid_2015, title={Surface roughness optimized
    alignment of parts for additive manufacturing processes}, volume={26}, DOI={<a
    href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Delfs,
    Patrick and Toews, Marcel and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2015}, pages={1334–1344}
    }'
  chicago: Delfs, Patrick, Marcel Toews, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Surface Roughness
    Optimized Alignment of Parts for Additive Manufacturing Processes.” In <i>26th
    Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 26:1334–44, 2015.
    <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  ieee: P. Delfs, M. Toews, and H.-J. Schmid, “Surface roughness optimized alignment
    of parts for additive manufacturing processes,” in <i>26th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2015, vol. 26, pp. 1334–1344.
  mla: Delfs, Patrick, et al. “Surface Roughness Optimized Alignment of Parts for
    Additive Manufacturing Processes.” <i>26th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>, vol. 26, 2015, pp. 1334–44, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  short: 'P. Delfs, M. Toews, H.-J. Schmid, in: 26th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium, 2015, pp. 1334–1344.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:20Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2015/2015-107-Delfs.pdf
intvolume: '        26'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1334-1344
publication: 26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Surface roughness optimized alignment of parts for additive manufacturing processes
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 26
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '22199'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Powder ageing effects due to thermal load usually lead to a limited recyclability
    of unmolten polyamide 12 powders in the laser sintering process. In this work,
    the recycling optimized material PA 2221 is analyzed regarding its ageing behavior
    along a series of more than ten build/refresh cycles using a refresh ratio of
    about 30%. Thereby, the melt viscosity is measured before and after every cycle
    and the “steady-state” condition is determined accordingly. In addition, the material
    properties of parts manufactured with PA 2221 are discussed dependent on different
    process parameters and compared to parts made of standard PA 2200 material with
    a refresh rate of about 50%. These parameters include the mechanical properties
    as well as for example the impact strength and geometrical properties as function
    of layer thickness and testing temperature. As a result, the optimal process conditions
    and achievable material properties for PA 2221 can be derived from this work.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Tutzschky, S.
  last_name: Tutzschky
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Gessler, M.
  last_name: Gessler
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Tutzschky S, Gessler M, Schmid H-J. Powder ageing and material
    properties of laser sintered polyamide 12 using low refresh rates. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>. Springer Vieweg; 2015:63-78. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5">10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., Tutzschky, S., Gessler, M., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2015). Powder
    ageing and material properties of laser sintered polyamide 12 using low refresh
    rates. In <i>Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015</i> (pp. 63–78). Springer Vieweg.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Tutzschky_Gessler_Schmid_2015, title={Powder ageing
    and material properties of laser sintered polyamide 12 using low refresh rates},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5">10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015}, publisher={Springer Vieweg}, author={Josupeit,
    Stefan and Tutzschky, S. and Gessler, M. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2015},
    pages={63–78} }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, S. Tutzschky, M. Gessler, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Powder
    Ageing and Material Properties of Laser Sintered Polyamide 12 Using Low Refresh
    Rates.” In <i>Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>, 63–78. Springer Vieweg,
    2015. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit, S. Tutzschky, M. Gessler, and H.-J. Schmid, “Powder ageing and
    material properties of laser sintered polyamide 12 using low refresh rates,” in
    <i>Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>, 2015, pp. 63–78.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, et al. “Powder Ageing and Material Properties of Laser Sintered
    Polyamide 12 Using Low Refresh Rates.” <i>Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>,
    Springer Vieweg, 2015, pp. 63–78, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5">10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, S. Tutzschky, M. Gessler, H.-J. Schmid, in: Proceedings of
    the Rapid Tech 2015, Springer Vieweg, 2015, pp. 63–78.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:32Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-48473-9_5
language:
- iso: eng
page: 63-78
publication: Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-662-48473-9
publisher: Springer Vieweg
status: public
title: Powder ageing and material properties of laser sintered polyamide 12 using
  low refresh rates
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '22395'
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Lieneke, Tobias
  last_name: Lieneke
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Adam, Guido
  last_name: Adam
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Leuders, Stefan
  last_name: Leuders
- first_name: Frederick
  full_name: Knoop, Frederick
  last_name: Knoop
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Delfs, Patrick
  last_name: Delfs
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Funke, Nils
  last_name: Funke
- first_name: Detmar
  full_name: Zimmer, Detmar
  id: '604'
  last_name: Zimmer
citation:
  ama: 'Lieneke T, Adam G, Leuders S, et al. Entwicklung einer Methode zur systematischen
    Erarbeitung von Maßtoleranzen für additive Fertigungsverfahren. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>. ; 2015.'
  apa: Lieneke, T., Adam, G., Leuders, S., Knoop, F., Josupeit, S., Delfs, P., … Zimmer,
    D. (2015). Entwicklung einer Methode zur systematischen Erarbeitung von Maßtoleranzen
    für additive Fertigungsverfahren. In <i>Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Lieneke_Adam_Leuders_Knoop_Josupeit_Delfs_Funke_Zimmer_2015,
    title={Entwicklung einer Methode zur systematischen Erarbeitung von Maßtoleranzen
    für additive Fertigungsverfahren}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015},
    author={Lieneke, Tobias and Adam, Guido and Leuders, Stefan and Knoop, Frederick
    and Josupeit, Stefan and Delfs, Patrick and Funke, Nils and Zimmer, Detmar}, year={2015}
    }'
  chicago: Lieneke, Tobias, Guido Adam, Stefan Leuders, Frederick Knoop, Stefan Josupeit,
    Patrick Delfs, Nils Funke, and Detmar Zimmer. “Entwicklung Einer Methode Zur Systematischen
    Erarbeitung von Maßtoleranzen Für Additive Fertigungsverfahren.” In <i>Proceedings
    of the Rapid Tech 2015</i>, 2015.
  ieee: T. Lieneke <i>et al.</i>, “Entwicklung einer Methode zur systematischen Erarbeitung
    von Maßtoleranzen für additive Fertigungsverfahren,” in <i>Proceedings of the
    Rapid Tech 2015</i>, 2015.
  mla: Lieneke, Tobias, et al. “Entwicklung Einer Methode Zur Systematischen Erarbeitung
    von Maßtoleranzen Für Additive Fertigungsverfahren.” <i>Proceedings of the Rapid
    Tech 2015</i>, 2015.
  short: 'T. Lieneke, G. Adam, S. Leuders, F. Knoop, S. Josupeit, P. Delfs, N. Funke,
    D. Zimmer, in: Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015, 2015.'
date_created: 2021-06-15T11:09:21Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:32Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '146'
- _id: '219'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '367'
- _id: '150'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Proceedings of the Rapid Tech 2015
status: public
title: Entwicklung einer Methode zur systematischen Erarbeitung von Maßtoleranzen
  für additive Fertigungsverfahren
type: conference
user_id: '38077'
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '22396'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Additive manufacturing offers many technical and economical benefits. In order
    to profit from these benefits, it is necessary to consider the manufacturing limits
    and restrictions. This applies in particular to the geometrical accuracy. Therefore,
    the achievable geometrical accuracy needs to be investigated, which enables the
    determination of realistic tolerances. Thus, two different aims are considered.
    The first aim is the determination of dimensional tolerances that can be stated
    if additive manufacturing is used under normal workshop conditions. Within the
    second aim, relevant process parameters and manufacturing influences will be optimized
    in order to reduce dimensional deviations. To achieve both aims a method was developed
    first. This method identifies relevant influential factors on the geometrical
    accuracy for the processes Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Laser Sintering (LS)
    and Laser Melting (LM). Factors were selected that are expected to affect the
    geometrical accuracy mainly. The first investigations deal with measuring linear
    dimensions on a designed test specimen and the derivation of achievable dimensional
    tolerances. This paper will present both, the developed method and the first results
    of the experimental investigations.
author:
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Lieneke, Tobias
  id: '13956'
  last_name: Lieneke
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Adam, Guido
  last_name: Adam
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Leuders, Stefan
  last_name: Leuders
- first_name: Frederick
  full_name: Knoop, Frederick
  last_name: Knoop
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Delfs, Patrick
  last_name: Delfs
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Funke, Nils
  last_name: Funke
- first_name: Detmar
  full_name: Zimmer, Detmar
  id: '604'
  last_name: Zimmer
citation:
  ama: 'Lieneke T, Adam G, Leuders S, et al. Systematical determination of tolerances
    for additive manufacturing by measuring linear dimensions. In: <i>26th Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 26. ; 2015:371-384.
    doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions</a>'
  apa: Lieneke, T., Adam, G., Leuders, S., Knoop, F., Josupeit, S., Delfs, P., … Zimmer,
    D. (2015). Systematical determination of tolerances for additive manufacturing
    by measuring linear dimensions. In <i>26th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 26, pp. 371–384). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Lieneke_Adam_Leuders_Knoop_Josupeit_Delfs_Funke_Zimmer_2015,
    title={Systematical determination of tolerances for additive manufacturing by
    measuring linear dimensions}, volume={26}, DOI={<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions</a>},
    booktitle={26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Lieneke,
    Tobias and Adam, Guido and Leuders, Stefan and Knoop, Frederick and Josupeit,
    Stefan and Delfs, Patrick and Funke, Nils and Zimmer, Detmar}, year={2015}, pages={371–384}
    }'
  chicago: Lieneke, Tobias, Guido Adam, Stefan Leuders, Frederick Knoop, Stefan Josupeit,
    Patrick Delfs, Nils Funke, and Detmar Zimmer. “Systematical Determination of Tolerances
    for Additive Manufacturing by Measuring Linear Dimensions.” In <i>26th Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 26:371–84, 2015. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions</a>.
  ieee: T. Lieneke <i>et al.</i>, “Systematical determination of tolerances for additive
    manufacturing by measuring linear dimensions,” in <i>26th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2015, vol. 26, pp. 371–384.
  mla: Lieneke, Tobias, et al. “Systematical Determination of Tolerances for Additive
    Manufacturing by Measuring Linear Dimensions.” <i>26th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, vol. 26, 2015, pp. 371–84, doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions</a>.
  short: 'T. Lieneke, G. Adam, S. Leuders, F. Knoop, S. Josupeit, P. Delfs, N. Funke,
    D. Zimmer, in: 26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium,
    2015, pp. 371–384.'
date_created: 2021-06-15T11:09:22Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:32Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '146'
- _id: '219'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '367'
- _id: '150'
doi: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316827402_Systematical_Determination_of_Tolerances_for_Additive_Manufacturing_by_Measuring_Linear_Dimensions
intvolume: '        26'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 371-384
publication: 26th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Systematical determination of tolerances for additive manufacturing by measuring
  linear dimensions
type: conference
user_id: '38077'
volume: 26
year: '2015'
...
---
_id: '22176'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: One barrier of laser sintering (LS) to become the main process for Direct
    Manufacturing (DM) is the surface quality of LS parts. Hence, the property which
    has to be improved is the rough surfaces of LS parts due to the layered structure.
    Another additional effect is the incomplete melting of powder particles on the
    surface due to the high process temperature. In this paper we demonstrate our
    approach of a theoretical model for the topography of LS part surfaces. We investigated
    the surface roughness as a function of surface orientation. Considering that the
    model involves further variables as layer thickness, particle density and particle
    size distribution to describe the topography precisely. Experimental results were
    used to optimize and check the results of the model.
author:
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Delfs, Patrick
  last_name: Delfs
- first_name: A.A.
  full_name: Herale, A.A.
  last_name: Herale
- first_name: Z.
  full_name: Li, Z.
  last_name: Li
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Delfs P, Herale AA, Li Z, Schmid H-J. Simulation of the Surface Topography
    on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts. In: <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 25. ; 2014:1250-1258. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>'
  apa: Delfs, P., Herale, A. A., Li, Z., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014). Simulation of
    the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts. In <i>25th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 25, pp. 1250–1258). <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Delfs_Herale_Li_Schmid_2014, title={Simulation of the Surface
    Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts}, volume={25}, DOI={<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Delfs,
    Patrick and Herale, A.A. and Li, Z. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2014}, pages={1250–1258}
    }'
  chicago: Delfs, Patrick, A.A. Herale, Z. Li, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Simulation
    of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts.” In <i>25th Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 25:1250–58, 2014. <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  ieee: P. Delfs, A. A. Herale, Z. Li, and H.-J. Schmid, “Simulation of the Surface
    Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts,” in <i>25th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2014, vol. 25, pp. 1250–1258.
  mla: Delfs, Patrick, et al. “Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered
    Polymer Parts.” <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>,
    vol. 25, 2014, pp. 1250–58, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  short: 'P. Delfs, A.A. Herale, Z. Li, H.-J. Schmid, in: 25th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2014, pp. 1250–1258.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:05Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf
intvolume: '        25'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1250-1258
publication: 25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 25
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22177'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: An uneven temperature distribution and varying cooling rates at different
    positions within the part cake are two of the most important challenges regarding
    the part quality and reproducibility of the polymer laser sintering process. In
    the presented work, a temperature measurement system is implemented within an
    EOSINT P395 laser sintering system. It allows the determination of a three dimensional
    temperature distribution and history during the full build and cooling process.
    The influence of important job parameters, for example the packing density, job
    height and layer thickness, can be figured out. In combination with a finite element
    simulation of the cooling process, the temperature measurement will be the basis
    for optimized process controls.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Schmid H-J. Three-dimensional in-process temperature measurement
    of laser sintered part cakes. In: <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 25. ; 2014:49-58. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014). Three-dimensional in-process temperature
    measurement of laser sintered part cakes. In <i>25th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 25, pp. 49–58). <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Schmid_2014, title={Three-dimensional in-process
    temperature measurement of laser sintered part cakes}, volume={25}, DOI={<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Josupeit,
    Stefan and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2014}, pages={49–58} }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Three-Dimensional in-Process
    Temperature Measurement of Laser Sintered Part Cakes.” In <i>25th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 25:49–58, 2014. <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit and H.-J. Schmid, “Three-dimensional in-process temperature measurement
    of laser sintered part cakes,” in <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2014, vol. 25, pp. 49–58.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Three-Dimensional in-Process Temperature
    Measurement of Laser Sintered Part Cakes.” <i>25th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, vol. 25, 2014, pp. 49–58, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, H.-J. Schmid, in: 25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium, 2014, pp. 49–58.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:06Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf
intvolume: '        25'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 49-58
publication: 25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Three-dimensional in-process temperature measurement of laser sintered part
  cakes
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 25
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22184'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Polymer laser sintering is one of the most important additive manufacturing
    technologies for the tool-less production of three-dimensional prototypes and
    end-use parts. In this process, parts are manufactured layerwise out of a polymer
    powder by laser exposure. After the building process, these parts are located
    within a loose bulk powder cake. Due to long process times and high process temperatures,
    this powder ages thermally, which reduces the recyclability of the material. As
    a result, mixtures of used and virgin powder ("refreshed" powder) with a mixture
    ratio of approximately 50% are commonly used in the industry. The goal of this
    work is to determine the exact influence of different powder ages on resulting
    part quality characteristics, especially the mechanical behavior and the surface
    quality. Therefore, refreshed powder with different qualities adjusted by the
    melt volume rate (MVR) was processed along a defined process quality chain. To
    analyze the part qualities, mechanical tensile and profilometer tests were performed.
    The focus is on an application-oriented test set-up to ensure the usability of
    the results in the industry. The material used is polyamide 12 (PA 2200) processed
    on an EOSINT P395 laser sintering system from EOS GmbH, Krailling, Germany.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: N.
  full_name: Rupp, N.
  last_name: Rupp
- first_name: Monika
  full_name: Gessler, Monika
  last_name: Gessler
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Rüsenberg S, Rupp N, Gessler M, Schmid H-J. Thermal ageing of
    polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence on part quality characteristics.
    In: <i>72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC
    2014)</i>. Vol 72. ; 2014:2383-2385. doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., Rüsenberg, S., Rupp, N., Gessler, M., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014).
    Thermal ageing of polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence on
    part quality characteristics. In <i>72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society
    of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2014)</i> (Vol. 72, pp. 2383–2385). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Rüsenberg_Rupp_Gessler_Schmid_2014, title={Thermal
    ageing of polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence on part quality
    characteristics}, volume={72}, DOI={<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics</a>},
    number={3}, booktitle={72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics
    Engineers (ANTEC 2014)}, author={Josupeit, Stefan and Rüsenberg, Stefan and Rupp,
    N. and Gessler, Monika and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2014}, pages={2383–2385}
    }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, Stefan Rüsenberg, N. Rupp, Monika Gessler, and Hans-Joachim
    Schmid. “Thermal Ageing of Polyamide 12 Used for Polymer Laser Sintering - Influence
    on Part Quality Characteristics.” In <i>72nd Annual Technical Conference of the
    Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2014)</i>, 72:2383–85, 2014. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, N. Rupp, M. Gessler, and H.-J. Schmid, “Thermal
    ageing of polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence on part quality
    characteristics,” in <i>72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics
    Engineers (ANTEC 2014)</i>, 2014, vol. 72, no. 3, pp. 2383–2385.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, et al. “Thermal Ageing of Polyamide 12 Used for Polymer Laser
    Sintering - Influence on Part Quality Characteristics.” <i>72nd Annual Technical
    Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2014)</i>, vol. 72, no.
    3, 2014, pp. 2383–85, doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, N. Rupp, M. Gessler, H.-J. Schmid, in: 72nd Annual
    Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2014), 2014,
    pp. 2383–2385.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:14Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics
intvolume: '        72'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 2383-2385
publication: 72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers
  (ANTEC 2014)
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-1-634-39708-7
status: public
title: Thermal ageing of polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence
  on part quality characteristics
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 72
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22193'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The process-related occurrence of varying cooling rates at different positions
    within the part cake is an important challenge regarding the part quality and
    reproducibility of the polymer laser sintering process. Temperature history dependent
    parameters are for example the part warpage, the crystallization behavior or powder
    ageing effects, which have to be considered for optimized process controls. Nevertheless,
    the inner temperature distribution and history during the cooling process is difficult
    to measure and less known yet. In this work, a Finite Element (FE) model is developed
    to understand and predict the temperature distribution and history within the
    part cake during the cooling process. Therefore, the thermal boundary conditions
    of a laser sintering system are analyzed and relevant parameters are identified.
    A basic FE model is set up in ABAQUS CAE software considering a part-free powder
    cake. Important thermal parameters of the bulk powder and the environment are
    adjusted and verified in relation to experimental in-process measured data. With
    this model it is possible to predict position-dependent cooling rates as a function
    of significant job parameters, for example the job height or the environmental
    conditions during the cooling phase. In combination with extended in-process temperature
    measurements and a consideration of built parts, this model will be an important
    tool for the development of optimized process controls.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Ordia, L.
  last_name: Ordia
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Ordia L, Schmid H-J. Development of a Basic Model to Simulate
    the Laser Sintering Cooling Process. In: <i>International Conference on Additive
    Technologies</i>. Vol 5. ; 2014:222-227. doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., Ordia, L., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014). Development of a Basic
    Model to Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process. In <i>International Conference
    on Additive Technologies</i> (Vol. 5, pp. 222–227). <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Ordia_Schmid_2014, title={Development of a Basic
    Model to Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={International Conference on Additive Technologies}, author={Josupeit,
    Stefan and Ordia, L. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2014}, pages={222–227} }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, L. Ordia, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Development of a
    Basic Model to Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process.” In <i>International
    Conference on Additive Technologies</i>, 5:222–27, 2014. <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit, L. Ordia, and H.-J. Schmid, “Development of a Basic Model to
    Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process,” in <i>International Conference
    on Additive Technologies</i>, 2014, vol. 5, pp. 222–227.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, et al. “Development of a Basic Model to Simulate the Laser
    Sintering Cooling Process.” <i>International Conference on Additive Technologies</i>,
    vol. 5, 2014, pp. 222–27, doi:<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf">https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, L. Ordia, H.-J. Schmid, in: International Conference on Additive
    Technologies, 2014, pp. 222–227.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:25Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf
intvolume: '         5'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 222-227
publication: International Conference on Additive Technologies
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-961-281-579-0
status: public
title: Development of a Basic Model to Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 5
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22203'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: One barrier of laser sintering (LS) to become the main process for Direct
    Manufacturing (DM) is the surface quality of LS parts. Hence, the property which
    has to be improved is the rough surfaces of LS parts due to the layered structure.
    Another additional effect is the incomplete melting of powder particles on the
    surface due to the high process temperature. In this paper we demonstrate our
    approach of a theoretical model for the topography of LS part surfaces. We investigated
    the surface roughness as a function of surface orientation. Considering that the
    model involves further variables as layer thickness, particle density and particle
    size distribution to describe the topography precisely. Experimental results were
    used to optimize and check the results of the model.
author:
- first_name: Patrick
  full_name: Delfs, Patrick
  last_name: Delfs
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Delfs P, Schmid H-J. Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered
    Polymer Parts. In: <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>.
    Vol 25. ; 2014:1250-1258. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>'
  apa: Delfs, P., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014). Simulation of the Surface Topography
    on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts. In <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 25, pp. 1250–1258). <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Delfs_Schmid_2014, title={Simulation of the Surface Topography
    on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts}, volume={25}, DOI={<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Delfs,
    Patrick and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2014}, pages={1250–1258} }'
  chicago: Delfs, Patrick, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Simulation of the Surface Topography
    on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts.” In <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>, 25:1250–58, 2014. <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  ieee: P. Delfs and H.-J. Schmid, “Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser
    Sintered Polymer Parts,” in <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium</i>, 2014, vol. 25, pp. 1250–1258.
  mla: Delfs, Patrick, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Simulation of the Surface Topography
    on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts.” <i>25th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>, vol. 25, 2014, pp. 1250–58, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf</a>.
  short: 'P. Delfs, H.-J. Schmid, in: 25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium, 2014, pp. 1250–1258.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:36Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:29Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf
intvolume: '        25'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1250-1258
publication: 25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 25
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22186'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The reproducibility and reliability of quality aspects are an important challenge
    of the polymer laser sintering process. However, existing quality concepts and
    standardization activities considering influencing factors along the whole process
    chain have not been validated experimentally yet. In this work, these factors
    are analyzed and kept constant to obtain a reliable material data set for different
    layer thicknesses and testing temperatures. In addition, material qualities regarding
    powder ageing effects are analyzed using different build heights and layer thicknesses:
    while an increase of the layer thickness reduces mechanical part strength and
    density, it also results in a less intense thermal ageing of unmolten powder due
    to shorter build times.'
article_number: '185374'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
  orcid: 000-0001-8590-1921
citation:
  ama: Rüsenberg S, Josupeit S, Schmid H-J. A method to characterize the quality of
    a polymer laser sintering process . <i>Advances in Mechanical Engineering</i>.
    2014;6. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">10.1155/2014/185374</a>
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., Josupeit, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2014). A method to characterize
    the quality of a polymer laser sintering process . <i>Advances in Mechanical Engineering</i>,
    <i>6</i>, Article 185374. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Rüsenberg_Josupeit_Schmid_2014, title={A method to characterize
    the quality of a polymer laser sintering process }, volume={6}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">10.1155/2014/185374</a>},
    number={185374}, journal={Advances in Mechanical Engineering}, publisher={SAGE
    Publications}, author={Rüsenberg, Stefan and Josupeit, Stefan and Schmid, Hans-Joachim},
    year={2014} }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, Stefan Josupeit, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “A Method
    to Characterize the Quality of a Polymer Laser Sintering Process .” <i>Advances
    in Mechanical Engineering</i> 6 (2014). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374</a>.
  ieee: 'S. Rüsenberg, S. Josupeit, and H.-J. Schmid, “A method to characterize the
    quality of a polymer laser sintering process ,” <i>Advances in Mechanical Engineering</i>,
    vol. 6, Art. no. 185374, 2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">10.1155/2014/185374</a>.'
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, et al. “A Method to Characterize the Quality of a Polymer
    Laser Sintering Process .” <i>Advances in Mechanical Engineering</i>, vol. 6,
    185374, SAGE Publications, 2014, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/185374">10.1155/2014/185374</a>.
  short: S. Rüsenberg, S. Josupeit, H.-J. Schmid, Advances in Mechanical Engineering
    6 (2014).
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:17Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T14:21:49Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: 10.1155/2014/185374
intvolume: '         6'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Advances in Mechanical Engineering
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1687-8140
publisher: SAGE Publications
status: public
title: 'A method to characterize the quality of a polymer laser sintering process '
type: journal_article
user_id: '14972'
volume: 6
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '22175'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'In this work, the quality of laser sintered parts is investigated along a
    defined process chain for a nylon 12 material (PA 2200) on an EOSINT P395 laser
    sintering system. Important influencing factors are figured out. Rheological powder
    characterization methods are investigated as well as mechanical, physical and
    other chosen part properties. The concept allows reproducible part quality characteristics
    and is used to obtain (testing) temperature dependent material data. It can also
    be extended on further materials based on nylon 12: PA 2241 FR, which is convenient
    for the aircraft industry due to its flame-retardant properties, and PA 2221,
    which has economic advantages due to a lower material consumption.'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Rüsenberg S, Schmid H-J. A material-based quality concept for
    polymer laser sintering. In: <i>24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium </i>. Vol 24. ; 2013:44-54. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., Rüsenberg, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2013). A material-based quality
    concept for polymer laser sintering. In <i>24th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium </i> (Vol. 24, pp. 44–54). <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Rüsenberg_Schmid_2013, title={A material-based
    quality concept for polymer laser sintering}, volume={24}, DOI={<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium }, author={Josupeit,
    Stefan and Rüsenberg, Stefan and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2013}, pages={44–54}
    }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, Stefan Rüsenberg, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “A Material-Based
    Quality Concept for Polymer Laser Sintering.” In <i>24th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium </i>, 24:44–54, 2013. <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, and H.-J. Schmid, “A material-based quality concept
    for polymer laser sintering,” in <i>24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium </i>, 2013, vol. 24, pp. 44–54.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, et al. “A Material-Based Quality Concept for Polymer Laser
    Sintering.” <i>24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
    </i>, vol. 24, 2013, pp. 44–54, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, H.-J. Schmid, in: 24th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium , 2013, pp. 44–54.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:04Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2013/2013-03-Josupeit.pdf
intvolume: '        24'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 44-54
publication: '24th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium '
status: public
title: A material-based quality concept for polymer laser sintering
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 24
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '22192'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Laser Sintering is a powder based additive manufacturing technology. The amount
    of used powder, which is not sintered, can be refreshed and used for further building
    jobs. Due to cost reduction, better mechanical properties and a simpler processing
    it is reasonable to combine virgin and used powder for part manufacturing. During
    the building time the powder is thermally loaded and its structure is changed.
    State of the art in laser sintering is a defined powder ratio. Since the powder
    ageing depends on the individual history of sintering, this procedure cannot ensure
    a defined powder quality. However, for a serial production it is necessary to
    characterize the raw material, as well as all other steps along the process chain,
    in order to ensure a high reproducibility and reliability. Rheological, physical
    and particle properties are considered to correlate powder and chosen material
    properties. Different powder qualities adjusted by the Melt Volume Rate (MVR)
    are tested using promising rheological properties like viscosity or molecular
    weight. Investigations about powder bed density, bulk properties as well as thermal
    characterization complement the experimental setup. These parameters are correlated
    with mechanical, electrical, thermal and physical material properties of laser
    sintered parts. The most important influencing factors along the process chain
    are kept constant. At the end a procedure is shown to obtain a defined powder
    quality. This procedure will be transferred to other materials and will be tested
    using other laser sintering machines of the same type as well as other types.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Rüsenberg S, Schmid H-J. Advanced characterization method of Nylon 12 materials
    for application in laser sinter processing. In: <i>International Conference of
    the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)</i>. Vol 29. ; 2013. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877">10.1063/1.4873877</a>'
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2013). Advanced characterization method
    of Nylon 12 materials for application in laser sinter processing. In <i>International
    Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)</i> (Vol. 29). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüsenberg_Schmid_2013, title={Advanced characterization
    method of Nylon 12 materials for application in laser sinter processing}, volume={29},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877">10.1063/1.4873877</a>}, booktitle={International
    Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)}, author={Rüsenberg, Stefan
    and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2013} }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Advanced Characterization
    Method of Nylon 12 Materials for Application in Laser Sinter Processing.” In <i>International
    Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)</i>, Vol. 29, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877</a>.
  ieee: S. Rüsenberg and H.-J. Schmid, “Advanced characterization method of Nylon
    12 materials for application in laser sinter processing,” in <i>International
    Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)</i>, 2013, vol. 29.
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Advanced Characterization Method
    of Nylon 12 Materials for Application in Laser Sinter Processing.” <i>International
    Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)</i>, vol. 29, 2013, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4873877">10.1063/1.4873877</a>.
  short: 'S. Rüsenberg, H.-J. Schmid, in: International Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society
    (PPS), 2013.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:24Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: 10.1063/1.4873877
intvolume: '        29'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: International Conference of the Polymer-Processing-Society (PPS)
status: public
title: Advanced characterization method of Nylon 12 materials for application in laser
  sinter processing
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 29
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '22197'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Josupeit, Stefan
  last_name: Josupeit
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Josupeit S, Rüsenberg S, Schmid H-J. Mechanische und rheologische Untersuchungen
    neuer Laser Sinter Materialien. In: <i>Merseburger Rapid Prototyping Forum</i>.
    Vol 7. ; 2013. doi:<a href="https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf">https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf</a>'
  apa: Josupeit, S., Rüsenberg, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2013). Mechanische und rheologische
    Untersuchungen neuer Laser Sinter Materialien. In <i>Merseburger Rapid Prototyping
    Forum</i> (Vol. 7). <a href="https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf">https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Josupeit_Rüsenberg_Schmid_2013, title={Mechanische und rheologische
    Untersuchungen neuer Laser Sinter Materialien}, volume={7}, DOI={<a href="https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf">https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={Merseburger Rapid Prototyping Forum}, author={Josupeit, Stefan and
    Rüsenberg, Stefan and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2013} }'
  chicago: Josupeit, Stefan, Stefan Rüsenberg, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Mechanische
    Und Rheologische Untersuchungen Neuer Laser Sinter Materialien.” In <i>Merseburger
    Rapid Prototyping Forum</i>, Vol. 7, 2013. <a href="https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf">https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, and H.-J. Schmid, “Mechanische und rheologische
    Untersuchungen neuer Laser Sinter Materialien,” in <i>Merseburger Rapid Prototyping
    Forum</i>, 2013, vol. 7.
  mla: Josupeit, Stefan, et al. “Mechanische Und Rheologische Untersuchungen Neuer
    Laser Sinter Materialien.” <i>Merseburger Rapid Prototyping Forum</i>, vol. 7,
    2013, doi:<a href="https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf">https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Josupeit, S. Rüsenberg, H.-J. Schmid, in: Merseburger Rapid Prototyping
    Forum, 2013.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:29Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: https://www.rp-netzwerk.de/images/stories/pdf/rapid_7/Universitaet_Paderborn_DMRC_RP-Forum2013.pdf
intvolume: '         7'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Merseburger Rapid Prototyping Forum
status: public
title: Mechanische und rheologische Untersuchungen neuer Laser Sinter Materialien
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 7
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '22201'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Bagsik, A.
  last_name: Bagsik
- first_name: J.
  full_name: Büsching, J.
  last_name: Büsching
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Rüsenberg S, Bagsik A, Büsching J, Schmid H-J. Additiv versus Konventionell:
    Benchmarking am Beispiel eines Designs aus der Luftfahrtindustrie. In: <i>RapidTech</i>.
    ; 2013.'
  apa: 'Rüsenberg, S., Bagsik, A., Büsching, J., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2013). Additiv
    versus Konventionell: Benchmarking am Beispiel eines Designs aus der Luftfahrtindustrie.
    In <i>RapidTech</i>.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüsenberg_Bagsik_Büsching_Schmid_2013, title={Additiv versus
    Konventionell: Benchmarking am Beispiel eines Designs aus der Luftfahrtindustrie},
    booktitle={RapidTech}, author={Rüsenberg, Stefan and Bagsik, A. and Büsching,
    J. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2013} }'
  chicago: 'Rüsenberg, Stefan, A. Bagsik, J. Büsching, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Additiv
    versus Konventionell: Benchmarking Am Beispiel Eines Designs Aus Der Luftfahrtindustrie.”
    In <i>RapidTech</i>, 2013.'
  ieee: 'S. Rüsenberg, A. Bagsik, J. Büsching, and H.-J. Schmid, “Additiv versus Konventionell:
    Benchmarking am Beispiel eines Designs aus der Luftfahrtindustrie,” in <i>RapidTech</i>,
    2013.'
  mla: 'Rüsenberg, Stefan, et al. “Additiv versus Konventionell: Benchmarking Am Beispiel
    Eines Designs Aus Der Luftfahrtindustrie.” <i>RapidTech</i>, 2013.'
  short: 'S. Rüsenberg, A. Bagsik, J. Büsching, H.-J. Schmid, in: RapidTech, 2013.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:34Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:29Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: RapidTech
status: public
title: 'Additiv versus Konventionell: Benchmarking am Beispiel eines Designs aus der
  Luftfahrtindustrie'
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '42132'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Gerkens, Stefan
  last_name: Gerkens
citation:
  ama: Gerkens S. <i>In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung</i>. Vol 1.; 2013.
  apa: Gerkens, S. (2013). <i>In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung</i> (Vol. 1).
  bibtex: '@book{Gerkens_2013, place={Aachen}, series={Schriftenreihe Lehrstuhl für
    Partikelverfahrenstechnik}, title={In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in
    polymerbasierten Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung}, volume={1},
    author={Gerkens, Stefan}, year={2013}, collection={Schriftenreihe Lehrstuhl für
    Partikelverfahrenstechnik} }'
  chicago: Gerkens, Stefan. <i>In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung</i>. Vol. 1. Schriftenreihe Lehrstuhl
    für Partikelverfahrenstechnik. Aachen, 2013.
  ieee: S. Gerkens, <i>In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung</i>, vol. 1. Aachen, 2013.
  mla: Gerkens, Stefan. <i>In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung</i>. 2013.
  short: S. Gerkens, In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten
    Nanokompositen Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung, Aachen, 2013.
date_created: 2023-02-15T08:49:13Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T11:06:17Z
department:
- _id: '150'
intvolume: '         1'
language:
- iso: ger
page: '168'
place: Aachen
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-3-8440-2421-0
publication_status: published
series_title: Schriftenreihe Lehrstuhl für Partikelverfahrenstechnik
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
  orcid: 000-0001-8590-1921
title: In-situ Strukturcharakterisierung von CNT in polymerbasierten Nanokompositen
  Methodenentwicklung und Anwendung
type: dissertation
user_id: '98856'
volume: 1
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '22174'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The quality of laser sintered parts, in this work, manufactured by polymer
    laser sintering by using an EOSINT P395 Laser Sintering system, depends on several
    steps along the process chain. The first step is the characterization of the powder
    quality, whereas the rheological and physical investigations of nylon 12 powder
    are shown. By changing some important influencing factors, for example the powder
    ratio, the powder ageing and the moisture content, the influence on mechanical
    and physical properties, density and porosity, are investigated. The composition
    of the used powder is known. The previous process (storage conditions, etc.) as
    well as the laser sintering process (regarding energy density, temperature, etc.)
    is kept constant for the duration of this work. Regarding the post process in
    this work the cooling down phase is investigated as well. With an automatically
    blasting system it is possible to keep the post process parameters blasting distance
    and blasting time, constant. All of the tests will be performed using dry and
    conditioned test specimens. This work is showing the dependence on mechanical,
    rheological and physical parameters by varying important influencing factors along
    the laser sintering process quality chain.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: R.
  full_name: Weiffen, R.
  last_name: Weiffen
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Knoop, F.
  last_name: Knoop
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Rüsenberg S, Weiffen R, Knoop F, Schmid H-J. Controlling the Quality of Laser
    Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain. In: <i>23rd Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 23. ; 2012:1024-1044. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>'
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., Weiffen, R., Knoop, F., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2012). Controlling
    the Quality of Laser Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain. In <i>23rd Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 23, pp. 1024–1044).
    <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüsenberg_Weiffen_Knoop_Schmid_2012, title={Controlling
    the Quality of Laser Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain}, volume={23}, DOI={<a
    href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={23rd Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Rüsenberg,
    Stefan and Weiffen, R. and Knoop, F. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2012}, pages={1024–1044}
    }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, R. Weiffen, F. Knoop, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Controlling
    the Quality of Laser Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain.” In <i>23rd Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 23:1024–44, 2012. <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Rüsenberg, R. Weiffen, F. Knoop, and H.-J. Schmid, “Controlling the Quality
    of Laser Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain,” in <i>23rd Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2012, vol. 23, pp. 1024–1044.
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, et al. “Controlling the Quality of Laser Sintered Parts
    Along the Process Chain.” <i>23rd Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication
    Symposium</i>, vol. 23, 2012, pp. 1024–44, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Rüsenberg, R. Weiffen, F. Knoop, H.-J. Schmid, in: 23rd Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2012, pp. 1024–1044.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:03Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2012/2012-78-Ruesenberg.pdf
intvolume: '        23'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1024-1044
publication: 23rd Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Controlling the Quality of Laser Sintered Parts Along the Process Chain
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 23
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '22204'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Material properties of parts from additive manufacturing are influenced by
    a huge number of material, operational and job parameters. This work aims to identify
    the most important ones and to investigate mechanical properties as depending
    on those parameters. Test specimens were produced with standard PA12 powder on
    an EOSINT P390 and P395, respectively. The influence of the orientation and placement
    of parts in the building chamber were investigated systematically. The mechanical
    properties
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Rüsenberg S, Schmid H-J. Mechanical Properties as a Result of multitude of
    Parameters. In: <i>The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing</i>. Vol 17. ;
    2012. doi:<a href="https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf">https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf</a>'
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2012). Mechanical Properties as a Result
    of multitude of Parameters. In <i>The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing</i>
    (Vol. 17). <a href="https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf">https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüsenberg_Schmid_2012, title={Mechanical Properties as a
    Result of multitude of Parameters}, volume={17}, DOI={<a href="https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf">https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing}, author={Rüsenberg, Stefan
    and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2012} }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Mechanical Properties as a
    Result of Multitude of Parameters.” In <i>The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing</i>,
    Vol. 17, 2012. <a href="https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf">https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Rüsenberg and H.-J. Schmid, “Mechanical Properties as a Result of multitude
    of Parameters,” in <i>The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing</i>, 2012,
    vol. 17.
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Mechanical Properties as a Result
    of Multitude of Parameters.” <i>The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing</i>,
    vol. 17, 2012, doi:<a href="https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf">https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Rüsenberg, H.-J. Schmid, in: The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing,
    2012.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:38Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:29Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: https://afpr.asso.fr/content/assises/2012/actes/papiers/s5_2.pdf
intvolume: '        17'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: The European Forum on Additive Manufacturing
status: public
title: Mechanical Properties as a Result of multitude of Parameters
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 17
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '22188'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The aim of this paper is the description and evaluation of physical properties
    like porosity and density and their influence on mechanical properties of laser
    sintered polyamide parts. For example, by reducing the porosity an increase of
    mechanical properties is possible. The correlation of laser parameters to these
    properties is investigated in detail. The energy density is an important parameter
    for the laser sintering process. By changing laser power, scan velocity and hatch
    distance an influence on manufactured components is given. A systematic variation
    of all three laser parameters is performed. A comparison of results obtained at
    constant energy densities obtained by varying these relevant parameters accordingly
    is shown as well.
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Schmidt, L.
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: 'Rüsenberg S, Schmidt L, Schmid H-J. Mechanical and Physical Properties - A
    Way to asses quality of Laser Sintered Parts. In: <i>22th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>. Vol 22. ; 2011:239-251. doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>'
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., Schmidt, L., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2011). Mechanical and Physical
    Properties - A Way to asses quality of Laser Sintered Parts. In <i>22th Annual
    International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i> (Vol. 22, pp. 239–251).
    <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rüsenberg_Schmidt_Schmid_2011, title={Mechanical and Physical
    Properties - A Way to asses quality of Laser Sintered Parts}, volume={22}, DOI={<a
    href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>},
    booktitle={22th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}, author={Rüsenberg,
    Stefan and Schmidt, L. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2011}, pages={239–251}
    }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, L. Schmidt, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. “Mechanical and
    Physical Properties - A Way to Asses Quality of Laser Sintered Parts.” In <i>22th
    Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 22:239–51, 2011.
    <a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>.
  ieee: S. Rüsenberg, L. Schmidt, and H.-J. Schmid, “Mechanical and Physical Properties
    - A Way to asses quality of Laser Sintered Parts,” in <i>22th Annual International
    Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium</i>, 2011, vol. 22, pp. 239–251.
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, et al. “Mechanical and Physical Properties - A Way to Asses
    Quality of Laser Sintered Parts.” <i>22th Annual International Solid Freeform
    Fabrication Symposium</i>, vol. 22, 2011, pp. 239–51, doi:<a href="http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf">http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf</a>.
  short: 'S. Rüsenberg, L. Schmidt, H.-J. Schmid, in: 22th Annual International Solid
    Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2011, pp. 239–251.'
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:19Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/Manuscripts/2011/2011-19-Ruesenberg.pdf
intvolume: '        22'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 239-251
publication: 22th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium
status: public
title: Mechanical and Physical Properties - A Way to asses quality of Laser Sintered
  Parts
type: conference
user_id: '71545'
volume: 22
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '22191'
author:
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Rüsenberg, Stefan
  last_name: Rüsenberg
- first_name: L.
  full_name: Schmidt, L.
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: H.
  full_name: Hosse, H.
  last_name: Hosse
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: Rüsenberg S, Schmidt L, Hosse H, Schmid H-J. <i>Porosity as a Key to Increase
    Material Properties of Laser Sintered Parts</i>.; 2011:531-538. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341">10.1201/b11341</a>
  apa: Rüsenberg, S., Schmidt, L., Hosse, H., &#38; Schmid, H.-J. (2011). <i>Porosity
    as a key to increase material properties of laser sintered parts</i> (pp. 531–538).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341">https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341</a>
  bibtex: '@book{Rüsenberg_Schmidt_Hosse_Schmid_2011, title={Porosity as a key to
    increase material properties of laser sintered parts}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341">10.1201/b11341</a>},
    author={Rüsenberg, Stefan and Schmidt, L. and Hosse, H. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim},
    year={2011}, pages={531–538} }'
  chicago: Rüsenberg, Stefan, L. Schmidt, H. Hosse, and Hans-Joachim Schmid. <i>Porosity
    as a Key to Increase Material Properties of Laser Sintered Parts</i>, 2011. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341">https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341</a>.
  ieee: S. Rüsenberg, L. Schmidt, H. Hosse, and H.-J. Schmid, <i>Porosity as a key
    to increase material properties of laser sintered parts</i>. 2011, pp. 531–538.
  mla: Rüsenberg, Stefan, et al. <i>Porosity as a Key to Increase Material Properties
    of Laser Sintered Parts</i>. 2011, pp. 531–38, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b11341">10.1201/b11341</a>.
  short: S. Rüsenberg, L. Schmidt, H. Hosse, H.-J. Schmid, Porosity as a Key to Increase
    Material Properties of Laser Sintered Parts, 2011.
date_created: 2021-05-14T07:46:23Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:55:28Z
department:
- _id: '150'
- _id: '624'
- _id: '219'
doi: 10.1201/b11341
language:
- iso: eng
page: 531-538
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - 978-0-429-21774-6
status: public
title: Porosity as a key to increase material properties of laser sintered parts
type: book
user_id: '71545'
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '29827'
abstract:
- lang: ger
  text: 'Die Entwicklung neuer Konfigurationen zur Rußabscheidung in Elektrofiltern
    im Hinblick auf Kfz-Applikationen bedingt die Notwendigkeit, diese auch mithilfe
    von Simulationen bewerten zu können. Der Beitrag stellt einen neuen Ansatz zur
    Simulation des Abscheideprozesses für einen Temperaturbereich bis 400 Grad C vor.
    Entscheidend ist die Möglichkeit, das raumladungsbehaftete elektrische Feld für
    alle Betriebszustände zu simulieren. Für den Transport der Raumladungen wird ein
    Ansatz aus der Mehrphasenströmungssimulation verwendet. Die Abscheidung der Partikeln
    wird mithilfe eines Lagrangeschen Ansatzes modelliert, der die zeitabhängige Aufladung
    unter lokalen elektrischen Bedingungen berücksichtigt. Die Simulation des Gesamtprozesses
    wird mit experimentellen Untersuchungen anhand eines Laborabscheiders verifiziert.
    Simulation und Experiment stimmen gut überein. Insbesondere der dominierende Einfluss
    durch die Bereiche in der Nähe der Platten konnte gut abgebildet werden. Das Gleiche
    gilt für die parabolische Form der Strom-Spannungs-Kennlinie. Weitere Untersuchungen
    sind erforderlich, um die gezeigten Methoden auf die Rußabscheidung zu übertragen.
    Die Problematik liegt in der Charakterisierung der Rußeigenschaften in Abhängigkeit
    von der Rußentstehung. Auch die Randbedingungen der Methoden zur elektrischen
    Charakterisierung können zurzeit noch nicht auf allgemeine Fälle übertragen werden. '
author:
- first_name: Hans-Joachim
  full_name: Schmid, Hans-Joachim
  id: '464'
  last_name: Schmid
citation:
  ama: Schmid H-J. Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in einem modifizierten
    Rohrelektrofilter. <i>Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft Air Quality Control</i>.
    2007;67(4).
  apa: Schmid, H.-J. (2007). Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in einem
    modifizierten Rohrelektrofilter. <i>Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality
    Control</i>, <i>67</i>(4).
  bibtex: '@article{Schmid_2007, title={Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung
    in einem modifizierten Rohrelektrofilter}, volume={67}, number={4}, journal={Gefahrstoffe,
    Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality Control}, author={Schmid, Hans-Joachim}, year={2007}
    }'
  chicago: Schmid, Hans-Joachim. “Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in
    einem modifizierten Rohrelektrofilter.” <i>Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft.
    Air Quality Control</i> 67, no. 4 (2007).
  ieee: H.-J. Schmid, “Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in einem modifizierten
    Rohrelektrofilter,” <i>Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality Control</i>,
    vol. 67, no. 4, 2007.
  mla: Schmid, Hans-Joachim. “Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in einem
    modifizierten Rohrelektrofilter.” <i>Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality
    Control</i>, vol. 67, no. 4, 2007.
  short: H.-J. Schmid, Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality Control 67
    (2007).
date_created: 2022-02-14T11:39:12Z
date_updated: 2022-02-14T11:39:18Z
department:
- _id: '150'
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        67'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: ger
publication: Gefahrstoffe, Reinhaltung der Luft. Air Quality Control
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0949-8036
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Neuer Ansatz zur Modellierung der Abscheidung in einem modifizierten Rohrelektrofilter
type: journal_article
user_id: '3959'
volume: 67
year: '2007'
...