@inproceedings{56207,
  abstract     = {{We present a data acquisition and visualization pipeline that allows experts to monitor additive manufacturing processes, in particular laser metal deposition with wire (LMD-w) processes, in immersive virtual reality. Our virtual environment consists of a digital shadow of the LMD-w production site enriched with additional measurement data shown on both static as well as handheld virtual displays. Users can explore the production site by enhanced teleportation capabilities that enable them to change their scale as well as their elevation above the ground plane. In an exploratory user study with 22 participants, we demonstrate that our system is generally suitable for the supervision of LMD-w processes while generating low task load and cybersickness. Therefore, it serves as a first promising step towards the successful application of virtual reality technology in the comparatively young field of additive manufacturing.}},
  author       = {{Rupp, Daniel and Kuhlen, Torsten W. and Rarbach, Sven and Wiechel, Dominik and Pottebaum, Jens and Weidemann, Tizia and Tran, Duc Thanh and Day, Robin and Zielinski, Jonas and König, Valentina and Bremer, Jan and Kosche, Thomas and Grimm, Andreas and Bergs, Thomas and Gräßler, Iris and Weissker, Tim}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the GI VR/AR Workshop 2024}},
  location     = {{Hamburg}},
  publisher    = {{Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.}},
  title        = {{{Virtual Reality as a Tool for Monitoring Additive Manufacturing Processes via Digital Shadows}}},
  doi          = {{10.18420/vrar2024_0006}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{56108,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Engineering projects for complex technical systems such as automobiles demand extensive requirement specifications and corresponding hierarchy levels in system architectures. Especially when considering emergent phenomena, such as total weight or aerodynamics, a closely networked collaboration of discipline‐specific and cross‐disciplinary roles is required. Further, in large organizations with a group structure, resulting functional and non‐functional contents need to be managed by distinct Systems Engineering roles. For example, the role “property manager” takes care of achieving overarching product properties, such as weight or aerodynamics, which cannot be directly fixed, but result from many specifications. This paper proposes new Systems Engineering roles and their application in a German Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM). For validation, the roles have already been applied in everyday engineering projects at the OEM. The concept proved to be indispensable and transferable to other Systems Engineering projects.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Pfeifer, Jan Niklas and Hintz, Florian and Meyrl, Nicolas}},
  booktitle    = {{INCOSE International Symposium}},
  issn         = {{2334-5837}},
  keywords     = {{Systems Engineering roles, properties, features, emergent phenomena, automotive}},
  location     = {{Dublin, Ireland}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{584--598}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Systems Engineering roles to handle emergent properties and behaviors in complex technical systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/iis2.13164}},
  volume       = {{34}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{57300,
  abstract     = {{Engineering methodologies for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) call for planning simulations and physical testing in early phases of product creation. Even in Model-Based Systems Engineering, there is a lack of systematic support that results in avoidable costs and iterations in the engineering process. Planning test cases and test scenarios along the product engineering process is not sufficiently integrated in terms of support especially for verification and validation engineers. Based on a systematic literature review, concepts for model-based planning of testing are developed. Characteristics of test cases and test scenarios of CPS are systematically identified. Generic templates for the creation of test cases and scenarios are derived. Based on the templates, a System Modeling Language (SysML) profile extension is developed which enables intuitive modelling of test cases and scenarios. The SysML profile is evaluated in a sample System-of-Systems in Disaster Response. It subsumes various types of sensor systems like rescue robotics, data science algorithms and visualization technologies like Augmented Reality to support decisions in extreme weather events. The templates and SysML profile significantly add value for engineers in the early and systematic planning of verification and validation.}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Ebel, Marcel and Pottebaum, Jens}},
  booktitle    = {{2024 IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE)}},
  keywords     = {{Systems Engineering, Systems verification, System testing}},
  location     = {{Perugia}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Model-based planning of test cases and test scenarios to support engineering of Cyber-Physical Systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/isse63315.2024.10741135}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{58233,
  abstract     = {{Extreme weather situations increasingly lead to hazardous situations with high demands on de-cision-making and communication. Weather and impact forecasts serve to prepare for such an emergency situation, and extreme data must be processed during operations. Therefore, extreme data is categorised with reference to global weather data and data from local situation reconnais-sance using sensors carried by mobile robots. A concept is presented in which information quality is explicitly considered in visualization for situational awareness. This extends existing principles of information visualisation with regard to the uncertainty resulting from extreme data. The re-sults are intended to help decision-makers at different management levels to make informed decisions.}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Hieb, Michael and Pratzler-Wanczura, Sylvia and Krüger, Oliver and Kruijff, Ivana and Rupp, Nicola}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Days of Security Research 2023}},
  editor       = {{Bernsdorf, Bodo}},
  location     = {{Dortmund}},
  publisher    = {{Technische Hochschule Georg Agricola}},
  title        = {{{Weather-induced emergency situations: Extreme data in situational awareness and visualisation}}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{56670,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Systems Engineering is becoming increasingly important in the engineering of complex technical systems. Its introduction is forcing companies to undertake major transformation initiatives. As established change management approaches show, the corporate culture is an important key criterion for success of transformation. Therefore, when introducing Systems Engineering into an organization, transformation initiatives must be tailored to an existing corporate culture or the corporate culture itself must be changed in order to enable Systems Engineering. In literature and in industrial practice, different approaches for assessment of corporate culture exist. Within this research, a systematic literature review on methods and models for corporate culture assessment is conducted. Core elements are collected and combined with the fundamentals and success factors of Systems Engineering to develop a model for corporate culture assessment. The developed model is applied to the industrial practice of an ongoing Systems Engineering transformation of a large car manufacturer. The results of the assessment are compared with the emerging project challenges. Based on this model and its supporting tool and templates, organizations and transformation leaders are enabled to rapidly obtain an orientation of hindering or supporting currently established cultural aspects with regard to Systems Engineering transformation and to provide a decision basis for further measures.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Graessler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt}},
  booktitle    = {{AHFE International}},
  issn         = {{2771-0718}},
  publisher    = {{AHFE International}},
  title        = {{{Importance of cultural change in Systems Engineering Transformation: A model for cultural assessment}}},
  doi          = {{10.54941/ahfe1005551}},
  volume       = {{158}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{56346,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Özcan, Deniz}},
  booktitle    = {{AHFE International}},
  location     = {{Split}},
  publisher    = {{AHFE International}},
  title        = {{{Quality Key Figures for Developing Future Scenarios}}},
  doi          = {{10.54941/ahfe1005553}},
  volume       = {{158}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{56347,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The content of university teaching in engineering sciences, particularly in product creation, is characterised by the development of application skills. Changing working conditions require new teaching concepts that are oriented towards the needs of students and practice and consider the acquisition of soft skills. A key method to be considered in this context is the Scenario-Technique. In this paper, a one-day workshop based on a software tool for the Scenario-Technique is presented that focusses on competence development for Scenario-Technique in form of a learning concept. Based on a systematic literature analysis, existing approaches for learning the Scenario-Technique are identified and requirements for a subsequently developed software-supported Scenario-Technique workshop are established. Using a case study, the learning concept is validated in two test phases for comprehensibility, user-friendliness, and practical suitability. The result is a concept that enables practice-oriented learning of the Scenario-Technique.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Tusek, Alena Marie}},
  booktitle    = {{AHFE International}},
  location     = {{Split}},
  publisher    = {{AHFE International}},
  title        = {{{Case study on the software-supported development of competences in Scenario-Technique}}},
  doi          = {{10.54941/ahfe1005548}},
  volume       = {{158}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{57101,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Rarbach, Sven and Wiechel, Dominik}},
  booktitle    = {{2024 IEEE International Symposium on Systems Engineering (ISSE)}},
  location     = {{Perugia, Italy}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Artifact-Oriented Tailoring Approach for Model-Based Impact Analysis}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/isse63315.2024.10741104}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{54540,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>System models are used to merge relevant engineering artefacts and relationships. Therefore, a high model quality must be ensured. Currently, there is no method for defining company-specific metrics to assess system model quality. In a six-step research approach, a method is defined: (1) literature analysis on quality assessment approaches, (2) derivation of success factors, (3) evaluation of approaches, (4) development of a method, (5) application in automotive industry, and (6) evaluation. The method supports system engineers to derive tailored metrics to objectively assess the model quality.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Wiechel, Dominik and Özcan, Deniz and Taplick, Patrick}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Design Society}},
  issn         = {{2732-527X}},
  pages        = {{2545--2554}},
  publisher    = {{Cambridge University Press (CUP)}},
  title        = {{{Tailored metrics for assessing the quality of MBSE models}}},
  doi          = {{10.1017/pds.2024.257}},
  volume       = {{4}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{46451,
  abstract     = {{New technologies and materials carry significant potential for sustainable production and use of products. As an example, Additive Manufacturing technologies and materials promise lightweight design and energy efficient use of parts. Exhausting the full potential requires: a) consideration of uncertainties with respect to future capabilities, and b) upgradeable design guidelines to cover advancements consistently. The proposed approach merges concepts of Design-for-X with foresight algorithms of Scenario-Technique to derive actionable knowledge. It is validated by an application in the field of Additive Manufacturing, namely Metal Fused Deposition Modelling. Engineers benefit from the intuitive access to heterogeneous types of sustainability related information.}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Mozgova, Iryna and Pottebaum, Jens and Ott, Manuel and Jung, Philipp and Hesse, Philipp}},
  booktitle    = {{17th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering}},
  keywords     = {{Design-for-X, Scenario-Technique, sustainability, uncertainty, Life-Cycle Engineering, Additive Manufacturing, Circular Economy}},
  location     = {{Gulf of Naples}},
  pages        = {{549--554}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  title        = {{{Handling of uncertainties in the design of sustainable Additive Manufacturing products by merging Design-for-X and Scenario-Technique}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.procir.2024.08.238}},
  volume       = {{126}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{57584,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>There are numerous initiatives and lighthouse projects around Gaia-X to create the basics of open, trustworthy data ecosystems. One of the challenges in building these data ecosystems is to convince everyone involved of the advantages of multilateral data sharing. A prerequisite is also a common understanding of the rights of use and access to the data. Data sovereignty means that the data provider decides which data with which usage and access rights he wants to make accessible to which user group. Standardised digital representations by, for instance, the Asset Administration Shell (AAS enable creation of such data ecosystems, interlinking the physical and digital space. In the paper at hand, a conceptual approach named Decide4Eco is presented with the aim to enable systematic and flexible decision-making support for product planning and development concerning the sustainability of a product and the entire value chain. Methods of sustainability assessment are expanded to include predictive AI-based effects analyses.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Holland, Martin and Wiechel, Dominik and Dickopf, Thomas and Stjepandić, Josip}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the 31st ISTE International Conference on Transdisciplinary Engineering}},
  editor       = {{Stjepandic, Josip}},
  isbn         = {{9781643685502}},
  issn         = {{2352-751X}},
  location     = {{London}},
  pages        = {{175--184}},
  publisher    = {{IOS Press}},
  title        = {{{Leveraging Data Ecosystems in Model-Based Systems Engineering for Ecological, Circular Added Value}}},
  doi          = {{10.3233/atde240858}},
  volume       = {{60}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@phdthesis{52678,
  author       = {{Yang, X.}},
  isbn         = {{978-3-947647-35-4}},
  title        = {{{Eine Methode zur Unterstützung von Entscheidungen bei der Entwicklung modularer Leichtbauprodukte }}},
  volume       = {{Band 416}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{57305,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Grewe, Benedikt}},
  journal      = {{VDI Konstruktion}},
  pages        = {{60--61}},
  title        = {{{Forschen für die Zukunft der Produktentstehung. Innovation erleben und validieren}}},
  volume       = {{76}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@phdthesis{58825,
  author       = {{Roesmann, Daniel}},
  publisher    = {{Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts}},
  title        = {{{Menschenzentrierte Montageplanung und -steuerung durch fähigkeitsorientierte Aufgabenzuordnung}}},
  doi          = {{10.17619/UNIPB/1-1962}},
  volume       = {{418}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{57102,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Wiechel, Dominik and Rarbach, Sven}},
  booktitle    = {{Procedia CIRP}},
  issn         = {{2212-8271}},
  location     = {{Cranfield, UK}},
  pages        = {{585--5D}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Model-based impact analysis in dynamic System of Systems}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.procir.2024.06.032}},
  volume       = {{128}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{57309,
  author       = {{Safranoglou, Ioannis and Stavroulakis, Alexis and Pottebaum, Jens and Ebel, Marcel and Lamprinakis, Georgios and Dimelli, Despina and Mania, Katerina}},
  booktitle    = {{2024 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Augmented Reality for Real-Time Decision-Making in Flood Emergencies}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct64951.2024.00032}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{52587,
  author       = {{Bodden, Eric and Pottebaum, Jens and Fockel, Markus and Gräßler, Iris}},
  issn         = {{1540-7993}},
  journal      = {{IEEE Security & Privacy}},
  keywords     = {{Law, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Computer Networks and Communications}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{69--72}},
  publisher    = {{Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}},
  title        = {{{Evaluating Security Through Isolation and Defense in Depth}}},
  doi          = {{10.1109/msec.2023.3336028}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@inproceedings{47108,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Özcan, Deniz and Preuß, Daniel}},
  booktitle    = {{Design fox X - Beiträge zum 34. DfX-Symposium}},
  editor       = {{Krause, Dieter and Paetzold-Byhain, Kristin and Wartzack, Sandro}},
  location     = {{Radebeul}},
  pages        = {{163 -- 172}},
  title        = {{{KI-basierte Extrahierung von Anforderungen aus Regularien für die Automobilentwicklung}}},
  doi          = {{10.35199/dfx2023.17}},
  volume       = {{34}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@article{48946,
  abstract     = {{inhalt Der verlässliche Betrieb von technischen Produkten wird zunehmend durch bewusste Angriffe bedroht. Vollständige Sicherheit ist dabei nicht möglich, durchschlagende Angriffe sind unvermeidbar (Assume Breach). Dies erfordert einen Paradigmenwechsel in der sicherheitsgerechten Entwicklung mechatronischer und cyber-physischer Systeme hin zu Defense-in-Depth. Systeme müssen so ausgelegt werden, dass sie auch bei gezielten Angriffen möglichst hohe Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit gewährleisten. Der hier beschriebene Lösungsansatz erweitert das Systemmodell um Angriffsszenarien und Verteidigungslinien. Diese werden am Beispiel eines industriellen Schließsystems zur Anlagensicherheit erläutert. Entwickler werden sensibilisiert, Angriffe systematisch zu berücksichtigen und interdisziplinär Verteidigungselemente gegenüber Bedrohungen und Angriffen zu spezifizieren.}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Bodden, Eric and Wiechel, Dominik and Pottebaum, Jens}},
  issn         = {{0720-5953}},
  journal      = {{Konstruktion}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, General Materials Science, Theoretical Computer Science}},
  number       = {{11-12}},
  pages        = {{60--65}},
  publisher    = {{VDI Fachmedien GmbH and Co. KG}},
  title        = {{{Defense-in-Depth als neues Paradigma der sicherheitsgerechten Produktentwicklung: interdisziplinäre, bedrohungsbewusste und lösungsorientierte Security}}},
  doi          = {{10.37544/0720-5953-2023-11-12-60}},
  volume       = {{75}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}

@inbook{45110,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Steffen, Eckhard and Maier, Günter W. and Roesmann, Daniel}},
  booktitle    = {{The Digital Twin of Humans}},
  editor       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Maier, Günter W. and Steffen, Eckhard and Roesmann, Daniel}},
  isbn         = {{9783031261039}},
  pages        = {{3--10}},
  publisher    = {{Springer International Publishing}},
  title        = {{{Introduction—The Digital Twin of Humans}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-031-26104-6_1}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}