---
_id: '55308'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Established companies are undertaking major transformation initiatives of
    their corporate structures and organisational forms to cope with the complexity
    during the engineering of cyber-physical production systems (CPPS). A frequently
    discussed issue is the measurability of this transformation progress. This paper
    conducts a systematic literature analysis of approaches regarding measurability
    of transformation and evaluates their application in the context of a systems
    engineering transformation. Measure-ment criteria are derived from the identified
    approaches, categorised, and finally evaluated by industry experts regarding their
    applicability. The categorised measurement criteria can be used to accurately
    measure the progress of a transformation process.
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Grewe B. Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation: A systematic
    literature review. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., &#38; Grewe, B. (n.d.). <i>Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A systematic literature review</i>. 18th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation
    in Manufacturing Engineering, Ischia, Italy. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Grewe, series={18th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation
    in Manufacturing Engineering, 10-12 July 2024}, title={Measuring Systems Engineering
    Transformation: A systematic literature review}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>},
    author={Gräßler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt}, collection={18th CIRP Conference on
    Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering, 10-12 July 2024} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A Systematic Literature Review.” 18th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation
    in Manufacturing Engineering, 10-12 July 2024, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and B. Grewe, “Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation: A
    systematic literature review.” doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. <i>Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A Systematic Literature Review</i>. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202</a>.'
  short: I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, (n.d.).
conference:
  end_date: 2024-07-12
  location: Ischia, Italy
  name: 18th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering
  start_date: 2024-07-10
date_created: 2024-07-17T12:49:44Z
date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:41:48Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.202
keyword:
- Organizational Transformation
- Systems Engineering
- Meausrement
- Metrics
- Organizational Change
language:
- iso: eng
publication_status: inpress
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: 18th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in Manufacturing Engineering,
  10-12 July 2024
status: public
title: 'Measuring Systems Engineering Transformation: A systematic literature review'
type: conference
user_id: '52359'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64602'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Hesse, Philipp
  id: '60633'
  last_name: Hesse
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Jahnke, Ulrich
  last_name: Jahnke
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Habdank, Matthias
  last_name: Habdank
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Hesse P, Jahnke U, Habdank M. Verification of CO2 emissions for
    the generative design of lightweight mobility systems using digital product passport.
    In: <i>Procedia CIRP</i>. Vol 138. Elsevier BV; 2026:915-920. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>'
  apa: Gräßler, I., Hesse, P., Jahnke, U., &#38; Habdank, M. (2026). Verification
    of CO2 emissions for the generative design of lightweight mobility systems using
    digital product passport. <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, <i>138</i>, 915–920. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Hesse_Jahnke_Habdank_2026, title={Verification of
    CO2 emissions for the generative design of lightweight mobility systems using
    digital product passport}, volume={138}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>},
    booktitle={Procedia CIRP}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gräßler, Iris and
    Hesse, Philipp and Jahnke, Ulrich and Habdank, Matthias}, year={2026}, pages={915–920}
    }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Philipp Hesse, Ulrich Jahnke, and Matthias Habdank. “Verification
    of CO2 Emissions for the Generative Design of Lightweight Mobility Systems Using
    Digital Product Passport.” In <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 138:915–20. Elsevier BV, 2026.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, P. Hesse, U. Jahnke, and M. Habdank, “Verification of CO2 emissions
    for the generative design of lightweight mobility systems using digital product
    passport,” in <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 2026, vol. 138, pp. 915–920, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Verification of CO2 Emissions for the Generative Design
    of Lightweight Mobility Systems Using Digital Product Passport.” <i>Procedia CIRP</i>,
    vol. 138, Elsevier BV, 2026, pp. 915–20, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158</a>.
  short: 'I. Gräßler, P. Hesse, U. Jahnke, M. Habdank, in: Procedia CIRP, Elsevier
    BV, 2026, pp. 915–920.'
date_created: 2026-02-24T07:31:34Z
date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:33:36Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.158
intvolume: '       138'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 915-920
publication: Procedia CIRP
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2212-8271
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Verification of CO2 emissions for the generative design of lightweight mobility
  systems using digital product passport
type: conference
user_id: '5905'
volume: 138
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64603'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Alena Marie
  full_name: Tusek, Alena Marie
  id: '59370'
  last_name: Tusek
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Tusek AM. Sustainability criteria for future foresight in manufacturing
    companies. In: <i>Procedia CIRP</i>. Vol 138. Elsevier BV; 2026:945-950. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>'
  apa: Gräßler, I., &#38; Tusek, A. M. (2026). Sustainability criteria for future
    foresight in manufacturing companies. <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, <i>138</i>, 945–950.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Tusek_2026, title={Sustainability criteria for future
    foresight in manufacturing companies}, volume={138}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>},
    booktitle={Procedia CIRP}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gräßler, Iris and
    Tusek, Alena Marie}, year={2026}, pages={945–950} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, and Alena Marie Tusek. “Sustainability Criteria for Future
    Foresight in Manufacturing Companies.” In <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 138:945–50. Elsevier
    BV, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and A. M. Tusek, “Sustainability criteria for future foresight
    in manufacturing companies,” in <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 2026, vol. 138, pp. 945–950,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, and Alena Marie Tusek. “Sustainability Criteria for Future Foresight
    in Manufacturing Companies.” <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, vol. 138, Elsevier BV, 2026,
    pp. 945–50, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163">10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163</a>.
  short: 'I. Gräßler, A.M. Tusek, in: Procedia CIRP, Elsevier BV, 2026, pp. 945–950.'
date_created: 2026-02-24T07:33:57Z
date_updated: 2026-02-24T07:34:47Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2026.01.163
intvolume: '       138'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 945-950
publication: Procedia CIRP
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2212-8271
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Sustainability criteria for future foresight in manufacturing companies
type: conference
user_id: '5905'
volume: 138
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '59478'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Rarbach, Sven
  id: '67999'
  last_name: Rarbach
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
citation:
  ama: Gräßler I, Rarbach S, Pottebaum J. Data Quality in the Engineering of Circular
    Products - Decision support for circular value creation through data ecosystems.
    <i>Industry 40 Science</i>. 2025;2025(2). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>
  apa: Gräßler, I., Rarbach, S., &#38; Pottebaum, J. (2025). Data Quality in the Engineering
    of Circular Products - Decision support for circular value creation through data
    ecosystems. <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>, <i>2025</i>(2). <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Rarbach_Pottebaum_2025, title={Data Quality in the Engineering
    of Circular Products - Decision support for circular value creation through data
    ecosystems}, volume={2025}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Industry 4.0 Science}, publisher={GITO mbH Verlag}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Rarbach, Sven and Pottebaum, Jens}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Sven Rarbach, and Jens Pottebaum. “Data Quality in the Engineering
    of Circular Products - Decision Support for Circular Value Creation through Data
    Ecosystems.” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i> 2025, no. 2 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, S. Rarbach, and J. Pottebaum, “Data Quality in the Engineering
    of Circular Products - Decision support for circular value creation through data
    ecosystems,” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>, vol. 2025, no. 2, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Data Quality in the Engineering of Circular Products
    - Decision Support for Circular Value Creation through Data Ecosystems.” <i>Industry
    4.0 Science</i>, vol. 2025, no. 2, GITO mbH Verlag, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.2.12">10.30844/i4se.25.2.12</a>.
  short: I. Gräßler, S. Rarbach, J. Pottebaum, Industry 4.0 Science 2025 (2025).
date_created: 2025-04-10T08:03:11Z
date_updated: 2025-04-10T08:04:33Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.30844/i4se.25.2.12
intvolume: '      2025'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SE.25.2.12
oa: '1'
publication: Industry 4.0 Science
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2942-6170
publication_status: published
publisher: GITO mbH Verlag
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Data Quality in the Engineering of Circular Products - Decision support for
  circular value creation through data ecosystems
type: journal_article
user_id: '67999'
volume: 2025
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '58076'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This paper presents the concept of Information Circularity Assistance, which
    provides decision support in the early stages of product creation for Circular
    Economy. Engineers in strategic product planning need to proactively predict the
    quantity, quality, and timing of secondary materials and returned components.
    For example, products with high recycled content will only be economically sustainable
    if the material is actually available in the future product life. Our assumption
    is that Information Circularity Assistance enables decision makers to incorporate
    insights from extreme data – high-volume, high-velocity, heterogeneous and distributed
    data from the product life – into product creation through intelligent Digital
    Twins. Artificial Intelligence can help to derive sustainable actions in favor
    of circular products by processing extreme data and enriching it with expert knowledge.
    The research contributes in three key dimensions. First, a comprehensive literature
    review is conducted. This review covers concepts of intelligence in Scenario-Technique
    for strategic product planning, Digital Twin-based analysis of extreme data and
    relevant technologies from Data Science and Artificial Intelligence. In all areas,
    the state of the art and emerging trends are identified. Secondly, the study identifies
    information needs along the steps of the Scenario-Technique and information offerings
    based on Digital Twins. The concept of Information Circularity Assistance results
    from the coupling of these demands and offerings, extending the Scenario-Technique
    beyond traditional expert-based methods. Third, we extend existing Digital Twin
    methods used in circularity and discuss the deployment of Data Science and Artificial
    Intelligence algorithms within the product creation process. Our approach uses
    extreme data to provide a strategic advantage in optimizing product life cycle
    planning, which is illustrated by two sample applications. The aim is to provide
    Information Circularity Assistance that will support experienced product planners,
    developers, and decision makers in the future.
alternative_title:
- Utilizing Artificial Intelligence, Scenario-Technique and Digital Twins to solve
  challenges of product creation for Circular Economy
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Weyrich, Michael
  last_name: Weyrich
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Simon
  full_name: Kamm, Simon
  last_name: Kamm
citation:
  ama: Gräßler I, Weyrich M, Pottebaum J, Kamm S. Information Circularity Assistance
    based on extreme data. <i>at - Automatisierungstechnik</i>. 2025;73(1):3-21. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>
  apa: Gräßler, I., Weyrich, M., Pottebaum, J., &#38; Kamm, S. (2025). Information
    Circularity Assistance based on extreme data. <i>At - Automatisierungstechnik</i>,
    <i>73</i>(1), 3–21. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Weyrich_Pottebaum_Kamm_2025, title={Information Circularity
    Assistance based on extreme data}, volume={73}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>},
    number={1}, journal={at - Automatisierungstechnik}, publisher={Walter de Gruyter
    GmbH}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Weyrich, Michael and Pottebaum, Jens and Kamm,
    Simon}, year={2025}, pages={3–21} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, Michael Weyrich, Jens Pottebaum, and Simon Kamm. “Information
    Circularity Assistance Based on Extreme Data.” <i>At - Automatisierungstechnik</i>
    73, no. 1 (2025): 3–21. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, M. Weyrich, J. Pottebaum, and S. Kamm, “Information Circularity
    Assistance based on extreme data,” <i>at - Automatisierungstechnik</i>, vol. 73,
    no. 1, pp. 3–21, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Information Circularity Assistance Based on Extreme
    Data.” <i>At - Automatisierungstechnik</i>, vol. 73, no. 1, Walter de Gruyter
    GmbH, 2025, pp. 3–21, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2024-0039">10.1515/auto-2024-0039</a>.
  short: I. Gräßler, M. Weyrich, J. Pottebaum, S. Kamm, At - Automatisierungstechnik
    73 (2025) 3–21.
date_created: 2025-01-07T13:30:45Z
date_updated: 2025-02-15T09:41:54Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1515/auto-2024-0039
intvolume: '        73'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Scenario-Technique
- Artificial Intelligence
- Digital Twin
- Large Language Models
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 3-21
publication: at - Automatisierungstechnik
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0178-2312
  - 2196-677X
publication_status: published
publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Information Circularity Assistance based on extreme data
type: journal_article
user_id: '405'
volume: 73
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '58650'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Technical systems are characterized by increasing interdisciplinarity, complexity
    and networking. A product and its corresponding production systems require interdisciplinary
    multi-objective optimization. Sustainability and recyclability demands increase
    said complexity. The efficiency of previously established engineering methods
    is reaching its limits, which can only be overcome by systematic integration of
    extreme data. The aim of "hybrid decision support" is as follows: Data science
    and artificial intelligence should be used to supplement human capabilities in
    conjunction with existing heuristics, methods, modeling and simulation to increase
    the efficiency of product creation.'
alternative_title:
- Hybride Entscheidungsunterstützung in der Produktentstehung - Mit Data Science und
  Künstlicher Intelligenz die Leistungsfähigkeit erhöhen
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Nyhuis, Peter
  last_name: Nyhuis
- first_name: Rainer
  full_name: Stark, Rainer
  last_name: Stark
- first_name: Klaus-Dieter
  full_name: Thoben, Klaus-Dieter
  last_name: Thoben
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wiederkehr, Petra
  last_name: Wiederkehr
citation:
  ama: Gräßler I, Pottebaum J, Nyhuis P, Stark R, Thoben K-D, Wiederkehr P. Hybrid
    Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving performance with data science
    and artificial intelligence. <i>Industry 40 Science</i>. 2025;2025(1). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>
  apa: Gräßler, I., Pottebaum, J., Nyhuis, P., Stark, R., Thoben, K.-D., &#38; Wiederkehr,
    P. (2025). Hybrid Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving performance
    with data science and artificial intelligence. <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>, <i>2025</i>(1).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Pottebaum_Nyhuis_Stark_Thoben_Wiederkehr_2025, title={Hybrid
    Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving performance with data science
    and artificial intelligence}, volume={2025}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>},
    number={1}, journal={Industry 4.0 Science}, publisher={GITO mbH Verlag}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Nyhuis, Peter and Stark, Rainer and Thoben, Klaus-Dieter
    and Wiederkehr, Petra}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Jens Pottebaum, Peter Nyhuis, Rainer Stark, Klaus-Dieter
    Thoben, and Petra Wiederkehr. “Hybrid Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving
    Performance with Data Science and Artificial Intelligence.” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>
    2025, no. 1 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, J. Pottebaum, P. Nyhuis, R. Stark, K.-D. Thoben, and P. Wiederkehr,
    “Hybrid Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving performance with data
    science and artificial intelligence,” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>, vol. 2025,
    no. 1, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Hybrid Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving
    Performance with Data Science and Artificial Intelligence.” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>,
    vol. 2025, no. 1, GITO mbH Verlag, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18">10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18</a>.
  short: I. Gräßler, J. Pottebaum, P. Nyhuis, R. Stark, K.-D. Thoben, P. Wiederkehr,
    Industry 4.0 Science 2025 (2025).
date_created: 2025-02-15T09:31:30Z
date_updated: 2025-02-15T09:40:52Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.30844/i4sd.25.1.18
intvolume: '      2025'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- AI
- artificial intelligence
- Data Science
- decision support
- extreme data
- Künstliche Intelligenz
- product creation
- product development
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: Industry 4.0 Science
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2942-6170
publication_status: published
publisher: GITO mbH Verlag
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Hybrid Decision Support in Product Creation - Improving performance with data
  science and artificial intelligence
type: journal_article
user_id: '405'
volume: 2025
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61057'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Verification and Validation (V&V) are essential processes in engineering Cyber-Physical
    Systems. However, the role of V&V engineers is often not given sufficient attention.
    Based on a systematic literature analysis and practical observations, a four-step
    method for Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE) is developed.
    The steps are planning V&V, executing V&V activities, documenting V&V activities
    and analyzing results of V&V activities. Applying ToRRE ensures continuous information
    flow and traceability. Engineers are enabled to analyze requirements using engineering
    artifacts connected through Model-Based Systems Engineering. Adopting methods
    for Model-Based Effect Chain analysis to evaluated test cases and test scenarios,
    conclusions on requirements engineering and change management are enabled. The
    method is evaluated in an EU research project.
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Ebel, Marcel
  id: '81788'
  last_name: Ebel
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5400-4436
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Ebel M. Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE):
    extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the Design Society</i>. Vol 5. Cambridge University Press (CUP); 2025:3031-3040.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., &#38; Ebel, M. (2025). Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering
    (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives.
    <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, <i>5</i>, 3031–3040. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Ebel_2025, title={Test-oriented Resilient Requirements
    Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification
    objectives}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the Design Society}, publisher={Cambridge University
    Press (CUP)}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Ebel, Marcel}, year={2025}, pages={3031–3040}
    }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Marcel Ebel. “Test-Oriented Resilient Requirements
    Engineering (ToRRE): Extending Model-Based Effect Chain Analysis to Verification
    Objectives.” In <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, 5:3031–40. Cambridge
    University Press (CUP), 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and M. Ebel, “Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering
    (ToRRE): extending model-based effect chain analysis to verification objectives,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, Dallas, Texas, USA, 2025, vol. 5,
    pp. 3031–3040, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Marcel Ebel. “Test-Oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering
    (ToRRE): Extending Model-Based Effect Chain Analysis to Verification Objectives.”
    <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, vol. 5, Cambridge University Press (CUP),
    2025, pp. 3031–40, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10317">10.1017/pds.2025.10317</a>.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, M. Ebel, in: Proceedings of the Design Society, Cambridge University
    Press (CUP), 2025, pp. 3031–3040.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-08-14
  location: Dallas, Texas, USA
  name: 25th International Conference on Engineering Design
  start_date: 2025-08-11
date_created: 2025-08-28T12:53:19Z
date_updated: 2025-08-28T13:14:46Z
ddc:
- '620'
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1017/pds.2025.10317
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         5'
keyword:
- systems engineering (SE)
- product modelling/models
- design methods
- verification & validation
- test cases & test scenarios
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/proceedings-of-the-design-society/article/testoriented-resilient-requirements-engineering-torre-extending-modelbased-effect-chain-analysis-to-verification-objectives/F1D33C094BAAF635E4E03519E15A4C08
oa: '1'
page: 3031-3040
project:
- _id: '516'
  name: 'CREXDATA: Kritische Maßnahmenplanung über extreme Datenmengen'
publication: Proceedings of the Design Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2732-527X
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Test-oriented Resilient Requirements Engineering (ToRRE): extending model-based
  effect chain analysis to verification objectives'
type: conference
user_id: '81788'
volume: 5
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61060'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "In early operational phases of severe weather events, a lack of\r\ninformation
    challenges emergency management teams to gain\r\nan overview of the situation
    and make informed decisions. To\r\nsupport situational exploration, unmanned aerial
    and ground\r\nvehicles attract increasing attention, primarily used to\r\ndocument
    operational sites. However, they offer further\r\npotential in early operational
    phases. To ensure their reliable\r\nuse for exploration, decision-makers must
    be aware of\r\nopportunities and limitations under prevailing conditions. For\r\nthis,
    use cases for robotic simulation in emergency response\r\nare presented, considering
    technical restrictions and dynamic\r\ninfluences from weather impacts. The approach
    of integrating\r\nrescue robot simulation into the response phase is developed\r\nfollowing
    a five-step research design. Existing use cases of\r\nrescue robot simulation
    are identified in a systematic literature\r\nanalysis. The results are extended
    with use cases developed for\r\nurban flooding scenarios. Subsequently, use cases
    are assessed\r\nand selected for implementation in the simulation environment\r\nGazebo.
    Finally, the results are validated with end users in the\r\nEU research project
    CREXDATA, which focuses on decision\r\nsupport based on processing extreme data.
    The implemented\r\nuse cases demonstrate the potential of robotic simulation in\r\nemergency
    response to accelerate action planning in decisionmaking and provide a more detailed
    picture, enabling betterinformed decisions. "
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Döhner, Niklas
  id: '108017'
  last_name: Döhner
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7676-4036
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Ebel, Marcel
  id: '81788'
  last_name: Ebel
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5400-4436
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Döhner N, Ebel M, Pottebaum J. Shifting boundaries from preparedness
    to response: Using simulation of rescue robots in weather-induced emergencies.
    In: <i>Mensch Und Computer 2025 - Workshopband</i>. ; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., Döhner, N., Ebel, M., &#38; Pottebaum, J. (2025). Shifting boundaries
    from preparedness to response: Using simulation of rescue robots in weather-induced
    emergencies. <i>Mensch Und Computer 2025 - Workshopband</i>. Mensch und Computer,
    Chemnitz. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Döhner_Ebel_Pottebaum_2025, title={Shifting boundaries
    from preparedness to response: Using simulation of rescue robots in weather-induced
    emergencies}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>},
    booktitle={Mensch und Computer 2025 - Workshopband}, author={Gräßler, Iris and
    Döhner, Niklas and Ebel, Marcel and Pottebaum, Jens}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, Niklas Döhner, Marcel Ebel, and Jens Pottebaum. “Shifting
    Boundaries from Preparedness to Response: Using Simulation of Rescue Robots in
    Weather-Induced Emergencies.” In <i>Mensch Und Computer 2025 - Workshopband</i>,
    2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, N. Döhner, M. Ebel, and J. Pottebaum, “Shifting boundaries from
    preparedness to response: Using simulation of rescue robots in weather-induced
    emergencies,” presented at the Mensch und Computer, Chemnitz, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Shifting Boundaries from Preparedness to Response:
    Using Simulation of Rescue Robots in Weather-Induced Emergencies.” <i>Mensch Und
    Computer 2025 - Workshopband</i>, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187">10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187</a>.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, N. Döhner, M. Ebel, J. Pottebaum, in: Mensch Und Computer 2025
    - Workshopband, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-09-03
  location: Chemnitz
  name: Mensch und Computer
  start_date: 2025-08-31
date_created: 2025-08-28T12:58:15Z
date_updated: 2025-08-28T13:17:55Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.18420/muc2025-mci-ws01-187
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- robotic simulation
- rescue robots
- emergency response
- extreme weather
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://dl.gi.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/1007ec7d-377f-4e9f-b2a7-e8482b955bf5/content
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '516'
  name: 'CREXDATA: Kritische Maßnahmenplanung über extreme Datenmengen'
publication: Mensch und Computer 2025 - Workshopband
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Shifting boundaries from preparedness to response: Using simulation of rescue
  robots in weather-induced emergencies'
type: conference
user_id: '108017'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61109'
author:
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Marcel
  full_name: Ebel, Marcel
  id: '81788'
  last_name: Ebel
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5400-4436
- first_name: Deniz
  full_name: Özcan, Deniz
  id: '58595'
  last_name: Özcan
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Döhner, Niklas
  id: '108017'
  last_name: Döhner
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7676-4036
- first_name: Sylvia
  full_name: Pratzler-Wanczura, Sylvia
  last_name: Pratzler-Wanczura
- first_name: Enes
  full_name: Derin, Enes
  last_name: Derin
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Krüger, Oliver
  last_name: Krüger
- first_name: Ivana
  full_name: Kruijff-Korbayova, Ivana
  last_name: Kruijff-Korbayova
- first_name: Merlin
  full_name: Stampa, Merlin
  last_name: Stampa
citation:
  ama: 'Pottebaum J, Gräßler I, Ebel M, et al. EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und
    Handlungsempfehlungen zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen für die Lagebewertung
    und Maßnahmenplanung in Extremwetterlagen. Published online 2025:81-94. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>'
  apa: 'Pottebaum, J., Gräßler, I., Ebel, M., Özcan, D., Döhner, N., Pratzler-Wanczura,
    S., Derin, E., Krüger, O., Kruijff-Korbayova, I., &#38; Stampa, M. (2025). <i>EU-Projekt
    CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen
    für die Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung in Extremwetterlagen</i> (pp. 81–94).
    LibreCat University. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Pottebaum_Gräßler_Ebel_Özcan_Döhner_Pratzler-Wanczura_Derin_Krüger_Kruijff-Korbayova_Stampa_2025,
    series={Tagungsband der 71. Jahresfachtagung der Vereinigung zur Förderung des
    Deutschen Brandschutzes (vfdb) e.V. 2025}, title={EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse
    und Handlungsempfehlungen zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen für die
    Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung in Extremwetterlagen}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>},
    publisher={LibreCat University}, author={Pottebaum, Jens and Gräßler, Iris and
    Ebel, Marcel and Özcan, Deniz and Döhner, Niklas and Pratzler-Wanczura, Sylvia
    and Derin, Enes and Krüger, Oliver and Kruijff-Korbayova, Ivana and Stampa, Merlin},
    year={2025}, pages={81–94}, collection={Tagungsband der 71. Jahresfachtagung der
    Vereinigung zur Förderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes (vfdb) e.V. 2025} }'
  chicago: 'Pottebaum, Jens, Iris Gräßler, Marcel Ebel, Deniz Özcan, Niklas Döhner,
    Sylvia Pratzler-Wanczura, Enes Derin, Oliver Krüger, Ivana Kruijff-Korbayova,
    and Merlin Stampa. “EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen
    zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen für die Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung
    in Extremwetterlagen.” Tagungsband der 71. Jahresfachtagung der Vereinigung zur
    Förderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes (vfdb) e.V. 2025. LibreCat University, 2025.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Pottebaum <i>et al.</i>, “EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen
    zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen für die Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung
    in Extremwetterlagen.” LibreCat University, pp. 81–94, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>.'
  mla: 'Pottebaum, Jens, et al. <i>EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen
    zum Einsatz KI-generierter Lageinformationen für die Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung
    in Extremwetterlagen</i>. LibreCat University, 2025, pp. 81–94, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.16740824">10.5281/ZENODO.16740824</a>.'
  short: J. Pottebaum, I. Gräßler, M. Ebel, D. Özcan, N. Döhner, S. Pratzler-Wanczura,
    E. Derin, O. Krüger, I. Kruijff-Korbayova, M. Stampa, (2025) 81–94.
conference:
  end_date: 2025-05-28
  location: Koblenz, Deutschland
  name: 71. Jahresfachtagung der Vereinigung zur Förderung des Deutschen Brandschutzes
    (vfdb) e.V. 2025 (vfdb JFT 2025)
  start_date: 2025-05-26
date_created: 2025-09-01T10:37:47Z
date_updated: 2025-09-01T10:44:51Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.16740824
language:
- iso: ger
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://zenodo.org/records/16740824
oa: '1'
page: 81-94
project:
- _id: '516'
  name: 'CREXDATA: Kritische Maßnahmenplanung über extreme Datenmengen'
publication_identifier:
  unknown:
  - 978-3-936050-40-0
publisher: LibreCat University
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Tagungsband der 71. Jahresfachtagung der Vereinigung zur Förderung des
  Deutschen Brandschutzes (vfdb) e.V. 2025
status: public
title: 'EU-Projekt CREXDATA: Erkenntnisse und Handlungsempfehlungen zum Einsatz KI-generierter
  Lageinformationen für die Lagebewertung und Maßnahmenplanung in Extremwetterlagen'
type: conference
user_id: '81788'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61043'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Dynamic market conditions, technological disruption and social change
    require organizations to continuously adapt and evolve. However, studies on organizational
    change show that the majority of transformations undertaken fail because they
    are characterized by a lack of clarity, overload and ineffective measures. This
    paper shows how a clear structure as a critical success factor can make the chaos
    and challenges of a transformation manageable.  The focus here is on a practice-oriented
    framework that divides a transformation into nine essential building blocks with
    activities that are critical to success. The structure of the framework is understood
    as a flexible organizing principle for a transformation without hindering creativity
    and dynamics. Case studies show the adaptability and applicability of the framework
    to different characteristics and dimensions of transformation. The transformation
    framework provides an operative structure and enables transformation managers
    for transparent orchestration and implementation of transformation.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Fritzen, Marc
  last_name: Fritzen
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Grewe B, Fritzen M. The importance of structure in transformation
    chaos: A Transformation Framework. In: <i>AHFE International</i>. Vol 198. AHFE
    International; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., Grewe, B., &#38; Fritzen, M. (2025). The importance of structure
    in transformation chaos: A Transformation Framework. <i>AHFE International</i>,
    <i>198</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Grewe_Fritzen_2025, title={The importance of structure
    in transformation chaos: A Transformation Framework}, volume={198}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>},
    booktitle={AHFE International}, publisher={AHFE International}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Grewe, Benedikt and Fritzen, Marc}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, Benedikt Grewe, and Marc Fritzen. “The Importance of Structure
    in Transformation Chaos: A Transformation Framework.” In <i>AHFE International</i>,
    Vol. 198. AHFE International, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, and M. Fritzen, “The importance of structure in transformation
    chaos: A Transformation Framework,” in <i>AHFE International</i>, Pula, Croatia,
    2025, vol. 198, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, et al. “The Importance of Structure in Transformation Chaos:
    A Transformation Framework.” <i>AHFE International</i>, vol. 198, AHFE International,
    2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006790">10.54941/ahfe1006790</a>.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, M. Fritzen, in: AHFE International, AHFE International,
    2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-09-24
  location: Pula, Croatia
  name: '7th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future
    Trends and Applications'
  start_date: 2025-09-22
date_created: 2025-08-28T08:06:41Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:10:27Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.54941/ahfe1006790
intvolume: '       198'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: AHFE International
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2771-0718
publication_status: published
publisher: AHFE International
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'The importance of structure in transformation chaos: A Transformation Framework'
type: conference
user_id: '52359'
volume: 198
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61055'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:title>ABSTRACT:</jats:title><jats:p>Challenges of increasing system
    complexity and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration are prompting companies
    to reorganize towards Systems Engineering (SE). As part of the implementation
    of large-scale transformation programs, transformation progress is of great interest
    to management and employees involved. Existing maturity models lack measurable
    variables and reliable forecast. For this reason, a maturity model for evaluating
    SE Transformation is developed, that builds on quantitative metrics and enables
    an overarching view on transformation considering cultural aspects. Literature-based
    criteria for evaluating SE Transformation lay the foundation for measures and
    referenced metrics and indicators. Due to its data-centricity, the model presented
    enables a more comprehensive, fact-based decision-making basis for the design
    and steering of SE Transformation programs.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Graessler, Iris
  last_name: Graessler
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  last_name: Grewe
- first_name: Luc
  full_name: Felgen, Luc
  last_name: Felgen
citation:
  ama: 'Graessler I, Grewe B, Felgen L. Data-driven decision support in the design
    and controlling of systems engineering transformation: a maturity model. In: <i>Proceedings
    of the Design Society</i>. Vol 5. Cambridge University Press (CUP); 2025:1081-1090.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>'
  apa: 'Graessler, I., Grewe, B., &#38; Felgen, L. (2025). Data-driven decision support
    in the design and controlling of systems engineering transformation: a maturity
    model. <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, <i>5</i>, 1081–1090. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Graessler_Grewe_Felgen_2025, title={Data-driven decision
    support in the design and controlling of systems engineering transformation: a
    maturity model}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the Design Society}, publisher={Cambridge University
    Press (CUP)}, author={Graessler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt and Felgen, Luc}, year={2025},
    pages={1081–1090} }'
  chicago: 'Graessler, Iris, Benedikt Grewe, and Luc Felgen. “Data-Driven Decision
    Support in the Design and Controlling of Systems Engineering Transformation: A
    Maturity Model.” In <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, 5:1081–90. Cambridge
    University Press (CUP), 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Graessler, B. Grewe, and L. Felgen, “Data-driven decision support in the
    design and controlling of systems engineering transformation: a maturity model,”
    in <i>Proceedings of the Design Society</i>, Dallas, USA, 2025, vol. 5, pp. 1081–1090,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>.'
  mla: 'Graessler, Iris, et al. “Data-Driven Decision Support in the Design and Controlling
    of Systems Engineering Transformation: A Maturity Model.” <i>Proceedings of the
    Design Society</i>, vol. 5, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025, pp. 1081–90,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2025.10122">10.1017/pds.2025.10122</a>.'
  short: 'I. Graessler, B. Grewe, L. Felgen, in: Proceedings of the Design Society,
    Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025, pp. 1081–1090.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-08-14
  location: Dallas, USA
  name: 25th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED)
  start_date: 2025-08-11
date_created: 2025-08-28T11:16:53Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:10:11Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1017/pds.2025.10122
intvolume: '         5'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1081-1090
publication: Proceedings of the Design Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2732-527X
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Data-driven decision support in the design and controlling of systems engineering
  transformation: a maturity model'
type: conference
user_id: '52359'
volume: 5
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60140'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n\t  <jats:p>The increasing prevalence
    of embedded software in today’s vehicles is leading to growing complexity, which
    can only be managed effectively through the use of reliable interdisciplinary
    engineering processes. With this in mind, systems engineering (SE) is currently
    being introduced on a large scale into the automotive industry. Pilot projects
    have demonstrated the potential for implementing changes, but these have not yet
    been accompanied by viable implementation concepts for SE. In the context of the
    proposed application-based research, the SETup automotive method (<jats:bold>S</jats:bold>ystems
    <jats:bold>E</jats:bold>ngineering <jats:bold>T</jats:bold>ransformation <jats:bold>u</jats:bold>nder
    <jats:bold>p</jats:bold>iloting in the <jats:bold>automotive</jats:bold> industry)
    is presented, which comprises a step-by-step procedure of introducing SE into
    large automotive companies. By introducing SE by pilot projects first, both an
    in-process tailoring of all processes, methods, tools and structures (PMTS) required
    for the introduction and an in-process validation of the pilot scheme elaborated
    by the pilot projects are achieved. The presented method builds upon fundamental
    approaches to change management, which have been developed over many years in
    both research and practice. It has been validated by the industrial practice of
    SE transformation at German car manufacturers and suppliers. As a result, decision-makers,
    transformation managers and systems engineers are provided with a scientifically
    based and field-tested set of steps for the introduction of SE in their own company.</jats:p>"
article_number: e16
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Graessler, Iris
  last_name: Graessler
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  last_name: Grewe
citation:
  ama: 'Graessler I, Grewe B. SETup automotive: a Method for Systems Engineering Transformation
    in automotive industry. <i>Design Science</i>. 2025;11. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>'
  apa: 'Graessler, I., &#38; Grewe, B. (2025). SETup automotive: a Method for Systems
    Engineering Transformation in automotive industry. <i>Design Science</i>, <i>11</i>,
    Article e16. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Graessler_Grewe_2025, title={SETup automotive: a Method for Systems
    Engineering Transformation in automotive industry}, volume={11}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>},
    number={e16}, journal={Design Science}, publisher={Cambridge University Press
    (CUP)}, author={Graessler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Graessler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “SETup Automotive: A Method for Systems
    Engineering Transformation in Automotive Industry.” <i>Design Science</i> 11 (2025).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Graessler and B. Grewe, “SETup automotive: a Method for Systems Engineering
    Transformation in automotive industry,” <i>Design Science</i>, vol. 11, Art. no.
    e16, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>.'
  mla: 'Graessler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “SETup Automotive: A Method for Systems
    Engineering Transformation in Automotive Industry.” <i>Design Science</i>, vol.
    11, e16, Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2025.10">10.1017/dsj.2025.10</a>.'
  short: I. Graessler, B. Grewe, Design Science 11 (2025).
date_created: 2025-06-05T07:40:19Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:09:56Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1017/dsj.2025.10
intvolume: '        11'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Design Science
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2053-4701
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'SETup automotive: a Method for Systems Engineering Transformation in automotive
  industry'
type: journal_article
user_id: '52359'
volume: 11
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60940'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Rarbach, Sven
  id: '67999'
  last_name: Rarbach
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
citation:
  ama: Gräßler I, Rarbach S, Grewe B. Strategic Product Planning Model – Digital twins
    for circular products and production processes. <i>Industry 40 Science</i>. 2025;2025(3).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>
  apa: Gräßler, I., Rarbach, S., &#38; Grewe, B. (2025). Strategic Product Planning
    Model – Digital twins for circular products and production processes. <i>Industry
    4.0 Science</i>, <i>2025</i>(3). <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Rarbach_Grewe_2025, title={Strategic Product Planning
    Model – Digital twins for circular products and production processes}, volume={2025},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>},
    number={3}, journal={Industry 4.0 Science}, publisher={GITO mbH Verlag}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Rarbach, Sven and Grewe, Benedikt}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Sven Rarbach, and Benedikt Grewe. “Strategic Product Planning
    Model – Digital Twins for Circular Products and Production Processes.” <i>Industry
    4.0 Science</i> 2025, no. 3 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, S. Rarbach, and B. Grewe, “Strategic Product Planning Model –
    Digital twins for circular products and production processes,” <i>Industry 4.0
    Science</i>, vol. 2025, no. 3, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Strategic Product Planning Model – Digital Twins for
    Circular Products and Production Processes.” <i>Industry 4.0 Science</i>, vol.
    2025, no. 3, GITO mbH Verlag, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.30844/i4se.25.3.24">10.30844/i4se.25.3.24</a>.
  short: I. Gräßler, S. Rarbach, B. Grewe, Industry 4.0 Science 2025 (2025).
date_created: 2025-08-18T10:01:42Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:10:38Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.30844/i4se.25.3.24
intvolume: '      2025'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SD.25.3.24
oa: '1'
publication: Industry 4.0 Science
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2942-6170
publication_status: published
publisher: GITO mbH Verlag
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Strategic Product Planning Model – Digital twins for circular products and
  production processes
type: journal_article
user_id: '52359'
volume: 2025
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61099'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Rarbach, Sven
  id: '67999'
  last_name: Rarbach
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Rarbach S. Model-based Impact Analysis for Engineering Sustainable
    Products in Value Creation Networks. In: <i>Procedia CIRP</i>. Vol 136. Elsevier
    BV; 2025:207-212. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>'
  apa: Gräßler, I., &#38; Rarbach, S. (2025). Model-based Impact Analysis for Engineering
    Sustainable Products in Value Creation Networks. <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, <i>136</i>,
    207–212. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Rarbach_2025, title={Model-based Impact Analysis
    for Engineering Sustainable Products in Value Creation Networks}, volume={136},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>},
    booktitle={Procedia CIRP}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gräßler, Iris and
    Rarbach, Sven}, year={2025}, pages={207–212} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, and Sven Rarbach. “Model-Based Impact Analysis for Engineering
    Sustainable Products in Value Creation Networks.” In <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 136:207–12.
    Elsevier BV, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and S. Rarbach, “Model-based Impact Analysis for Engineering Sustainable
    Products in Value Creation Networks,” in <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 2025, vol. 136,
    pp. 207–212, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, and Sven Rarbach. “Model-Based Impact Analysis for Engineering
    Sustainable Products in Value Creation Networks.” <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, vol. 136,
    Elsevier BV, 2025, pp. 207–12, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037</a>.
  short: 'I. Gräßler, S. Rarbach, in: Procedia CIRP, Elsevier BV, 2025, pp. 207–212.'
date_created: 2025-08-30T11:00:38Z
date_updated: 2025-11-10T21:11:40Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.037
intvolume: '       136'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827125007899/pdf?md5=15ac135909de72bcc8824b2c3aaf4a9c&pid=1-s2.0-S2212827125007899-main.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 207-212
publication: Procedia CIRP
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2212-8271
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Model-based Impact Analysis for Engineering Sustainable Products in Value Creation
  Networks
type: conference
user_id: '67999'
volume: 136
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '62153'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Grewe B. Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation: A three-step
    cycle of Transformation. In: <i>Procedia CIRP</i>. Vol 136. Procedia CIRP. Elsevier
    BV; 2025:936-942. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., &#38; Grewe, B. (2025). Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A three-step cycle of Transformation. <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, <i>136</i>, 936–942.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Grewe_2025, series={Procedia CIRP}, title={Structuring
    Systems Engineering Transformation: A three-step cycle of Transformation}, volume={136},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>},
    booktitle={Procedia CIRP}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gräßler, Iris and
    Grewe, Benedikt}, year={2025}, pages={936–942}, collection={Procedia CIRP} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A Three-Step Cycle of Transformation.” In <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 136:936–42. Procedia
    CIRP. Elsevier BV, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and B. Grewe, “Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A three-step cycle of Transformation,” in <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, 2025, vol. 136,
    pp. 936–942, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation:
    A Three-Step Cycle of Transformation.” <i>Procedia CIRP</i>, vol. 136, Elsevier
    BV, 2025, pp. 936–42, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159">10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159</a>.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, in: Procedia CIRP, Elsevier BV, 2025, pp. 936–942.'
date_created: 2025-11-10T11:59:14Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:09:45Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.159
intvolume: '       136'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 936-942
publication: Procedia CIRP
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2212-8271
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Procedia CIRP
status: public
title: 'Structuring Systems Engineering Transformation: A three-step cycle of Transformation'
type: conference
user_id: '52359'
volume: 136
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60013'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Nyhuis, Peter
  last_name: Nyhuis
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Schmidt, Matthias
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
- first_name: Felix
  full_name: Vollenkemper, Felix
  id: '74028'
  last_name: Vollenkemper
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Hesse, Thomas
  id: '76202'
  last_name: Hesse
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Meinecke, Tim
  last_name: Meinecke
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Pottebaum J, Nyhuis P, et al. Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly
    and Reassembly into a new paradigm: Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision
    Support as an enabler for circular products. In: Hölzle K, Kreimeyer M, Roth D,
    Maier T, Riedel O, eds. <i>Stuttgarter Symposium Für Produktentwicklung (SSP)
    2025</i>. Fraunhofer IAO; 2025:509-518.'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., Pottebaum, J., Nyhuis, P., Schmidt, M., Grewe, B., Vollenkemper,
    F., Hesse, T., &#38; Meinecke, T. (2025). Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly
    and Reassembly into a new paradigm: Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision
    Support as an enabler for circular products. In K. Hölzle, M. Kreimeyer, D. Roth,
    T. Maier, &#38; O. Riedel (Eds.), <i>Stuttgarter Symposium für Produktentwicklung
    (SSP) 2025</i> (pp. 509–518). Fraunhofer IAO.'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Pottebaum_Nyhuis_Schmidt_Grewe_Vollenkemper_Hesse_Meinecke_2025,
    title={Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly and Reassembly into a new paradigm:
    Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision Support as an enabler for circular
    products}, booktitle={Stuttgarter Symposium für Produktentwicklung (SSP) 2025},
    publisher={Fraunhofer IAO}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Nyhuis,
    Peter and Schmidt, Matthias and Grewe, Benedikt and Vollenkemper, Felix and Hesse,
    Thomas and Meinecke, Tim}, editor={Hölzle, Katharina and Kreimeyer, Matthias and
    Roth, Daniel and Maier, Thomas and Riedel, Oliver}, year={2025}, pages={509–518}
    }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, Jens Pottebaum, Peter Nyhuis, Matthias Schmidt, Benedikt
    Grewe, Felix Vollenkemper, Thomas Hesse, and Tim Meinecke. “Evolving Design for
    Assembly, Disassembly and Reassembly into a New Paradigm: Design-for-Capabilities
    with Hybrid Decision Support as an Enabler for Circular Products.” In <i>Stuttgarter
    Symposium Für Produktentwicklung (SSP) 2025</i>, edited by Katharina Hölzle, Matthias
    Kreimeyer, Daniel Roth, Thomas Maier, and Oliver Riedel, 509–18. Fraunhofer IAO,
    2025.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler <i>et al.</i>, “Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly and
    Reassembly into a new paradigm: Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision Support
    as an enabler for circular products,” in <i>Stuttgarter Symposium für Produktentwicklung
    (SSP) 2025</i>, Stuttgart, 2025, pp. 509–518.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly and Reassembly
    into a New Paradigm: Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision Support as an
    Enabler for Circular Products.” <i>Stuttgarter Symposium Für Produktentwicklung
    (SSP) 2025</i>, edited by Katharina Hölzle et al., Fraunhofer IAO, 2025, pp. 509–18.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, J. Pottebaum, P. Nyhuis, M. Schmidt, B. Grewe, F. Vollenkemper,
    T. Hesse, T. Meinecke, in: K. Hölzle, M. Kreimeyer, D. Roth, T. Maier, O. Riedel
    (Eds.), Stuttgarter Symposium Für Produktentwicklung (SSP) 2025, Fraunhofer IAO,
    2025, pp. 509–518.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-05-22
  location: Stuttgart
  name: Stuttgarter Symposium für Produktentwicklung
  start_date: 2025-05-21
date_created: 2025-05-22T07:47:40Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:11:36Z
department:
- _id: '152'
editor:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Hölzle, Katharina
  last_name: Hölzle
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Kreimeyer, Matthias
  last_name: Kreimeyer
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Roth, Daniel
  last_name: Roth
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Maier, Thomas
  last_name: Maier
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Riedel, Oliver
  last_name: Riedel
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://elib.uni-stuttgart.de/items/82c396f0-b5ef-42ca-b9c3-28e9d301568d
oa: '1'
page: 509-518
publication: Stuttgarter Symposium für Produktentwicklung (SSP) 2025
publication_status: published
publisher: Fraunhofer IAO
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Evolving Design for Assembly, Disassembly and Reassembly into a new paradigm:
  Design-for-Capabilities with Hybrid Decision Support as an enabler for circular
  products'
type: conference
user_id: '52359'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '58236'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>In the engineering of complex technical systems, Systems Engineering
    (SE) is a key approach that is becoming increasingly relevant in more and more
    industries due to the ever-increasing complexity of systems. Over the decades
    of practical application and research, various specializations and forms of the
    Systems Engineering approach have developed, but there has so far been a lack
    of an overarching context and positioning in meaningful stages for the introduction
    of Systems Engineering in companies. For this reason, this research will systematize
    common Systems Engineering approaches and bring them together in a stage model
    for Systems Engineering. Based on a systematic literature review, use cases are
    identified for each approach and stage, which support companies in selecting an
    approach suitable for their own organization.</jats:p>
article_number: '53'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Benedikt
  full_name: Grewe, Benedikt
  id: '52359'
  last_name: Grewe
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Grewe B. Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization
    of Systems Engineering Approaches. <i>Systems</i>. 2025;13(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">10.3390/systems13010053</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., &#38; Grewe, B. (2025). Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis
    and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches. <i>Systems</i>, <i>13</i>(1),
    Article 53. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Gräßler_Grewe_2025, title={Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis
    and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches}, volume={13}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">10.3390/systems13010053</a>}, number={153},
    journal={Systems}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Grewe, Benedikt},
    year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Stages of Systems Engineering: An
    Analysis and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches.” <i>Systems</i>
    13, no. 1 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and B. Grewe, “Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and
    Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches,” <i>Systems</i>, vol. 13,
    no. 1, Art. no. 53, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">10.3390/systems13010053</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Benedikt Grewe. “Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis
    and Characterization of Systems Engineering Approaches.” <i>Systems</i>, vol.
    13, no. 1, 53, MDPI AG, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13010053">10.3390/systems13010053</a>.'
  short: I. Gräßler, B. Grewe, Systems 13 (2025).
date_created: 2025-01-17T09:17:15Z
date_updated: 2025-11-11T06:11:22Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.3390/systems13010053
intvolume: '        13'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Systems Engineering Transformation
- maturity
- Systems Engineering stages
- approaches
- SE
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/1/53
publication: Systems
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2079-8954
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Stages of Systems Engineering: An Analysis and Characterization of Systems
  Engineering Approaches'
type: journal_article
user_id: '52359'
volume: 13
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '62181'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>This research investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be
    systematically integrated into existing business processes by combining suitable
    competencies with graphical AI workflow modelling. While AI offers a high potential
    for automation and increased efficiency, its implementation often fails due to
    a lack of interdisciplinary competencies that bridge the gap between domain expertise
    and IT know-how. Low-code platforms and visual modelling tools are increasingly
    recognised as enablers, empowering non-programmers to intuitively create graphical
    AI- based workflows. Nevertheless, specific competencies are required to realise
    the full potential of AI, the domain specific knowledge and align technical understanding
    with AI capabilities. The paper reviews the state of the art in AI-driven business
    process automation and competencies for visual low-code approaches. It then presents
    a practical solution to identify and systematise essential competence areas. Based
    on this, a practical competence model is developed to support the design of user-friendly,
    AI-enabled workflows. This is tested in a practical application context — emergency
    management — where it supports critical decision-making processes and is validated
    through expert feedback. The study concludes by offering actionable recommendations
    to help organisations foster the necessary competencies and methods for competently
    integrating AI into their digital processes.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Deniz
  full_name: Özcan, Deniz
  id: '58595'
  last_name: Özcan
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Özcan D. Graphical AI workflow modelling: Identifying relevant
    competencies in AI-based automation of business processes. In: <i>AHFE International</i>.
    Vol 198. AHFE International; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>'
  apa: 'Gräßler, I., &#38; Özcan, D. (2025). Graphical AI workflow modelling: Identifying
    relevant competencies in AI-based automation of business processes. <i>AHFE International</i>,
    <i>198</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>'
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Özcan_2025, title={Graphical AI workflow modelling:
    Identifying relevant competencies in AI-based automation of business processes},
    volume={198}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>},
    booktitle={AHFE International}, publisher={AHFE International}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Özcan, Deniz}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Deniz Özcan. “Graphical AI Workflow Modelling: Identifying
    Relevant Competencies in AI-Based Automation of Business Processes.” In <i>AHFE
    International</i>, Vol. 198. AHFE International, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler and D. Özcan, “Graphical AI workflow modelling: Identifying relevant
    competencies in AI-based automation of business processes,” in <i>AHFE International</i>,
    Split, 2025, vol. 198, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>.'
  mla: 'Gräßler, Iris, and Deniz Özcan. “Graphical AI Workflow Modelling: Identifying
    Relevant Competencies in AI-Based Automation of Business Processes.” <i>AHFE International</i>,
    vol. 198, AHFE International, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1006785">10.54941/ahfe1006785</a>.'
  short: 'I. Gräßler, D. Özcan, in: AHFE International, AHFE International, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-09-24
  location: Split
  name: '7th International Conference on Human Systems Engineering and Design: Future
    Trends and Applications (IHSED 2025)'
  start_date: 2025-09-22
date_created: 2025-11-13T16:37:59Z
date_updated: 2025-11-13T16:41:39Z
department:
- _id: '43'
- _id: '9'
- _id: '26'
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.54941/ahfe1006785
intvolume: '       198'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: AHFE International
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2771-0718
publication_status: published
publisher: AHFE International
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Graphical AI workflow modelling: Identifying relevant competencies in AI-based
  automation of business processes'
type: conference
user_id: '58595'
volume: 198
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '62182'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<p> Executive summary Die vorliegende Zukunftsstudie „Automation 2035“ gibt
    einen Ausblick auf die Entwicklung der Automatisierungstechnik in den nächsten
    10 Jahren. Neben der Beschreibung von Trends wie Kreislaufwirtschaft, Automatisierung
    der Märkte, Biologisierung, autonome Systeme und Robotik sowie IT-Sicherheit wird
    die zu erwartende Veränderung in der Bildung beschrieben. Dazu verwenden wir Methoden
    der Zukunftsforschung und arbeiten mit der Szenarientechnik, um Zukunftsperspektiven
    der Automation aufzuzeigen. Personas werden eingesetzt, um die zukünftigen Entwicklungen
    plastisch aus den Augen der Personen im Jahr 2025 und in der Zukunft im Jahr 2035
    zu beschreiben. Schlüsselthemen und Trends: ... ... Inhalt Executive summary 1
    1 Einführung 3 2 Zukunftsfelder für die Automatisierungstechnik 2035 4 2.1 Kreislaufwirtschaft
    4 2.2 Automatisierung der Märkte 7 2.3 Biologisierung 8 2.4 Autonome Systeme und
    Robotik 10 2.5 Security 12 2.6 Veränderung der Ausbildung 13 3 Szenario der Automation
    2035 16 4 Personas 18 4.1 Unternehmer 18 4.2 Ingenieurin 19 4.3 Schüler 20 5 Thesen
    und Ausblick 22 Methodik 24 Autorenteam 25 Schrifttum 26... </p>'
alternative_title:
- VDI-Studie
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Deniz
  full_name: Özcan, Deniz
  id: '58595'
  last_name: Özcan
- first_name: Alena Marie
  full_name: Tusek, Alena Marie
  id: '59370'
  last_name: Tusek
- first_name: Attila
  full_name: Bilgic, Attila
  last_name: Bilgic
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Lange, Christian
  last_name: Lange
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Stich, Christian
  last_name: Stich
- first_name: Christine
  full_name: Maul, Christine
  last_name: Maul
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Heizmann, Michael
  last_name: Heizmann
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Weyrich, Michael
  last_name: Weyrich
- first_name: Sascha
  full_name: Dessel,, Sascha
  last_name: Dessel,
- first_name: Torben
  full_name: Miny, Torben
  last_name: Miny
- first_name: Ulrich
  full_name: Jumar, Ulrich
  last_name: Jumar
citation:
  ama: Gräßler I, Özcan D, Tusek AM, et al. <i>Automation 2035</i>. VDI Verlag; 2025.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180">10.51202/9783911670180</a>
  apa: Gräßler, I., Özcan, D., Tusek, A. M., Bilgic, A., Lange, C., Stich, C., Maul,
    C., Heizmann, M., Weyrich, M., Dessel, S., Miny, T., &#38; Jumar, U. (2025). <i>Automation
    2035</i>. VDI Verlag. <a href="https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180">https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180</a>
  bibtex: '@book{Gräßler_Özcan_Tusek_Bilgic_Lange_Stich_Maul_Heizmann_Weyrich_Dessel,_et
    al._2025, title={Automation 2035}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180">10.51202/9783911670180</a>},
    publisher={VDI Verlag}, author={Gräßler, Iris and Özcan, Deniz and Tusek, Alena
    Marie and Bilgic, Attila and Lange, Christian and Stich, Christian and Maul, Christine
    and Heizmann, Michael and Weyrich, Michael and Dessel, Sascha and et al.}, year={2025}
    }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Deniz Özcan, Alena Marie Tusek, Attila Bilgic, Christian
    Lange, Christian Stich, Christine Maul, et al. <i>Automation 2035</i>. VDI Verlag,
    2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180">https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180</a>.
  ieee: I. Gräßler <i>et al.</i>, <i>Automation 2035</i>. VDI Verlag, 2025.
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. <i>Automation 2035</i>. VDI Verlag, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.51202/9783911670180">10.51202/9783911670180</a>.
  short: I. Gräßler, D. Özcan, A.M. Tusek, A. Bilgic, C. Lange, C. Stich, C. Maul,
    M. Heizmann, M. Weyrich, S. Dessel, T. Miny, U. Jumar, Automation 2035, VDI Verlag,
    2025.
date_created: 2025-11-13T16:43:05Z
date_updated: 2025-11-13T16:48:43Z
department:
- _id: '43'
- _id: '9'
- _id: '26'
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.51202/9783911670180
language:
- iso: eng
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9783911670180'
publication_status: published
publisher: VDI Verlag
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Automation 2035
type: book
user_id: '58595'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '62688'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Gräßler, Iris
  id: '47565'
  last_name: Gräßler
  orcid: 0000-0001-5765-971X
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Pottebaum, Jens
  id: '405'
  last_name: Pottebaum
  orcid: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-2989
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Rarbach, Sven
  id: '67999'
  last_name: Rarbach
  orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0602-9923
citation:
  ama: 'Gräßler I, Pottebaum J, Rarbach S. Potentials of Product Lifecycle Management
    to Enhance Circular Economy. In: <i>The 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11)</i>.
    MDPI; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>'
  apa: Gräßler, I., Pottebaum, J., &#38; Rarbach, S. (2025). Potentials of Product
    Lifecycle Management to Enhance Circular Economy. <i>The 11th World Sustainability
    Forum (WSF11)</i>. 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11), Barcelona. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Gräßler_Pottebaum_Rarbach_2025, title={Potentials of Product
    Lifecycle Management to Enhance Circular Economy}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>},
    booktitle={The 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11)}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Gräßler,
    Iris and Pottebaum, Jens and Rarbach, Sven}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Gräßler, Iris, Jens Pottebaum, and Sven Rarbach. “Potentials of Product
    Lifecycle Management to Enhance Circular Economy.” In <i>The 11th World Sustainability
    Forum (WSF11)</i>. MDPI, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>.
  ieee: 'I. Gräßler, J. Pottebaum, and S. Rarbach, “Potentials of Product Lifecycle
    Management to Enhance Circular Economy,” presented at the 11th World Sustainability
    Forum (WSF11), Barcelona, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>.'
  mla: Gräßler, Iris, et al. “Potentials of Product Lifecycle Management to Enhance
    Circular Economy.” <i>The 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11)</i>, MDPI, 2025,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2025131047">10.3390/proceedings2025131047</a>.
  short: 'I. Gräßler, J. Pottebaum, S. Rarbach, in: The 11th World Sustainability
    Forum (WSF11), MDPI, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-10-03
  location: Barcelona
  name: 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11)
  start_date: 2025-10-02
date_created: 2025-11-28T10:46:42Z
date_updated: 2025-11-28T10:49:48Z
department:
- _id: '152'
doi: 10.3390/proceedings2025131047
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/131/1/47/pdf?version=1764145984
oa: '1'
publication: The 11th World Sustainability Forum (WSF11)
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Potentials of Product Lifecycle Management to Enhance Circular Economy
type: conference
user_id: '67999'
year: '2025'
...
