@article{20924,
  author       = {{Ebbert, Christoph and Alissawi, N. and Somsen, C. and Eggeler, G. and Strunskus, T. and Faupel, F. and Grundmeier, Guido}},
  issn         = {{0040-6090}},
  journal      = {{Thin Solid Films}},
  pages        = {{161--167}},
  title        = {{{Spectroelectrochemical and morphological studies of the ageing of silver nanoparticles embedded in ultra-thin perfluorinated sputter deposited films}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.tsf.2014.10.054}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22176,
  abstract     = {{One barrier of laser sintering (LS) to become the main process for Direct Manufacturing (DM) is the surface quality of LS parts. Hence, the property which has to be improved is the rough surfaces of LS parts due to the layered structure. Another additional effect is the incomplete melting of powder particles on the surface due to the high process temperature. In this paper we demonstrate our approach of a theoretical model for the topography of LS part surfaces. We investigated the surface roughness as a function of surface orientation. Considering that the model involves further variables as layer thickness, particle density and particle size distribution to describe the topography precisely. Experimental results were used to optimize and check the results of the model.}},
  author       = {{Delfs, Patrick and Herale, A.A. and Li, Z. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}},
  pages        = {{1250--1258}},
  title        = {{{Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts}}},
  doi          = {{http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22177,
  abstract     = {{An uneven temperature distribution and varying cooling rates at different positions within the part cake are two of the most important challenges regarding the part quality and reproducibility of the polymer laser sintering process. In the presented work, a temperature measurement system is implemented within an EOSINT P395 laser sintering system. It allows the determination of a three dimensional temperature distribution and history during the full build and cooling process. The influence of important job parameters, for example the packing density, job height and layer thickness, can be figured out. In combination with a finite element simulation of the cooling process, the temperature measurement will be the basis for optimized process controls.}},
  author       = {{Josupeit, Stefan and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}},
  pages        = {{49--58}},
  title        = {{{Three-dimensional in-process temperature measurement of laser sintered part cakes}}},
  doi          = {{http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-006-Josupeit.pdf}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22184,
  abstract     = {{Polymer laser sintering is one of the most important additive manufacturing technologies for the tool-less production of three-dimensional prototypes and end-use parts. In this process, parts are manufactured layerwise out of a polymer powder by laser exposure. After the building process, these parts are located within a loose bulk powder cake. Due to long process times and high process temperatures, this powder ages thermally, which reduces the recyclability of the material. As a result, mixtures of used and virgin powder ("refreshed" powder) with a mixture ratio of approximately 50% are commonly used in the industry. The goal of this work is to determine the exact influence of different powder ages on resulting part quality characteristics, especially the mechanical behavior and the surface quality. Therefore, refreshed powder with different qualities adjusted by the melt volume rate (MVR) was processed along a defined process quality chain. To analyze the part qualities, mechanical tensile and profilometer tests were performed. The focus is on an application-oriented test set-up to ensure the usability of the results in the industry. The material used is polyamide 12 (PA 2200) processed on an EOSINT P395 laser sintering system from EOS GmbH, Krailling, Germany.}},
  author       = {{Josupeit, Stefan and Rüsenberg, Stefan and Rupp, N. and Gessler, Monika and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{72nd Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC 2014)}},
  isbn         = {{978-1-634-39708-7}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{2383--2385}},
  title        = {{{Thermal ageing of polyamide 12 used for polymer laser sintering - influence on part quality characteristics}}},
  doi          = {{https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283135483_Thermal_ageing_of_polyamide_12_used_for_polymer_laser_sintering_-_Influence_on_part_quality_characteristics}},
  volume       = {{72}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22193,
  abstract     = {{The process-related occurrence of varying cooling rates at different positions within the part cake is an important challenge regarding the part quality and reproducibility of the polymer laser sintering process. Temperature history dependent parameters are for example the part warpage, the crystallization behavior or powder ageing effects, which have to be considered for optimized process controls. Nevertheless, the inner temperature distribution and history during the cooling process is difficult to measure and less known yet. In this work, a Finite Element (FE) model is developed to understand and predict the temperature distribution and history within the part cake during the cooling process. Therefore, the thermal boundary conditions of a laser sintering system are analyzed and relevant parameters are identified. A basic FE model is set up in ABAQUS CAE software considering a part-free powder cake. Important thermal parameters of the bulk powder and the environment are adjusted and verified in relation to experimental in-process measured data. With this model it is possible to predict position-dependent cooling rates as a function of significant job parameters, for example the job height or the environmental conditions during the cooling phase. In combination with extended in-process temperature measurements and a consideration of built parts, this model will be an important tool for the development of optimized process controls.}},
  author       = {{Josupeit, Stefan and Ordia, L. and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{International Conference on Additive Technologies}},
  isbn         = {{978-961-281-579-0}},
  pages        = {{222--227}},
  title        = {{{Development of a Basic Model to Simulate the Laser Sintering Cooling Process}}},
  doi          = {{https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Saeed_Khademzadeh2/publication/303022441_Geometrical_characterization_of_thin_walls_produced_by_micro_laser_sintering/links/5735cc7f08ae298602e08f1f/Geometrical-characterization-of-thin-walls-produced-by-micro-laser-sintering.pdf}},
  volume       = {{5}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22203,
  abstract     = {{One barrier of laser sintering (LS) to become the main process for Direct Manufacturing (DM) is the surface quality of LS parts. Hence, the property which has to be improved is the rough surfaces of LS parts due to the layered structure. Another additional effect is the incomplete melting of powder particles on the surface due to the high process temperature. In this paper we demonstrate our approach of a theoretical model for the topography of LS part surfaces. We investigated the surface roughness as a function of surface orientation. Considering that the model involves further variables as layer thickness, particle density and particle size distribution to describe the topography precisely. Experimental results were used to optimize and check the results of the model.}},
  author       = {{Delfs, Patrick and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}},
  pages        = {{1250--1258}},
  title        = {{{Simulation of the Surface Topography on Laser Sintered Polymer Parts}}},
  doi          = {{http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-098-Delfs.pdf}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22382,
  author       = {{Adam, Guido and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  booktitle    = {{ASPE - Spring topical meeting 2014}},
  title        = {{{Extension of prior developed design rules (LS)}}},
  doi          = {{https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274193378_Extension_of_prior_developed_design_rules%27_range_of_validity_for_different_boundary_conditions_in_laser_sintering }},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22383,
  author       = {{Adam, Guido and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  title        = {{{Systematic investigations of minimum feature sizes and geometrical accuracies}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{22384,
  abstract     = {{Additive Manufacturing technologies create parts layer by layer. Thereby, lots of benefits are offered. Especially extended design freedoms provide new potentials for the design of technical parts. To make these benefits accessible to different user groups, design rules for Additive Manufacturing were developed within the project ‘‘Direct Manufacturing Design Rules’’. Therefore a process independent method was defined first. Next, design rules were developed for Laser Sintering, Laser Melting and Fused Deposition Modeling. The results were summarized in a design rule catalog and support a suitable design for Additive Manufacturing }},
  author       = {{Adam, Guido and Zimmer, Detmar}},
  journal      = {{CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{20--28}},
  title        = {{{Design for Additive Manufacturing - Element transitions and aggregated structures}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.cirpj.2013.10.001 }},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22385,
  author       = {{Adam, Guido}},
  title        = {{{Erweiterung des Gültigkeitsbereichs von Konstruktionsregeln beim Lasersintern}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22386,
  author       = {{Adam, Guido}},
  title        = {{{Extension of prior developed design rules for laser sintering}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{23085,
  author       = {{Damerow, Ulf-Hendrik and Borsig, Michael and Tabakajew, Dmitri and Schaermann, Waldemar and Homberg, Werner and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  booktitle    = {{Procedia Engineering 81}},
  pages        = {{831--836}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  title        = {{{Analysis of high speed bending operations as basis for integrating self-correcting components to increase process reliability}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{23096,
  author       = {{Pai, Arathi and Krooß, Philipp and Niendorf, Thomas and Koke, Isabel and Trächtler, Ansgar and Schaper, Mirko}},
  booktitle    = {{Posterbeitrag ICOMAT - International Conference on Martensitic Transformations, Juli 2014, Bilbao, Spanien}},
  title        = {{{Analyses of the stress-strain behaviour of SMAs under cyclical loading conditions – implementation of a novel phenomenological constitutive model}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@proceedings{23097,
  editor       = {{Damerow, Ulf-Hendrik and Tabakajew, Dmitri and Borsig, Michael and Schaermann, Waldemar and Homberg, Werner and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  title        = {{{Concept for a self-correcting sheet metal bending operation}}},
  volume       = {{Volume 15}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@proceedings{23100,
  editor       = {{Schaermann, Waldemar and Borsig, Michael and Trächtler, Ansgar and Tabakajew, Dmitri and Damerow, Ulf-Hendrik and Homberg, Werner and Hesse, Marc and Jungeblut, Thorsten}},
  publisher    = {{VDI- Verlag, Düsseldorf}},
  title        = {{{Selbstkorrigierende Biegeprozesse in der Umformtechnik}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{23103,
  author       = {{Krüger, Martin and Borsig, Michael and Schaermann, Waldemar}},
  booktitle    = {{KoMSO Challenge Workshop Math for the Digital Factory}},
  title        = {{{Model-based design of self-correcting forming processes}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@proceedings{23104,
  editor       = {{Borsig, Michael and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  publisher    = {{Moscow State University of Railway Engineering}},
  title        = {{{RAILCAB – THE INNOVATIVE PLATFORM FOR DESIGN AND TEST OF NEW RAILWAY TECHNOLOGIES}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@article{21706,
  abstract     = {{Additive Manufacturing offers a high potential in the aerospace due to its freedom of design and the ability to manufacture complex and lightweight parts. Profound changings of the existing processes can be expected for the area of Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) as well. It is described with the help of scenarios which chances result from the integration of this technology while different applications are considered. It starts with the implementation of AM as another manufacturing technology for the repair of spare parts. The precision reduces the effort for post-processing in comparison to the conventional manufacturing methods such as the build-up welding. If an unexpected part breakdown occurs and the aircraft has to stay on ground, there are high demands on the logistics to deliver the required spare parts from the warehouse as fast as possible. The storage of spare parts causes extremely high costs and can be considerably reduced with the help of Additive Manufacturing. Distributed generative manufacturing centers can lead to a far-reaching restructuring of the existing processes where the required spare part is manufactured locally on demand. The resulting opportunities and risks for the involved market actors are shown within the presentation. It is described how MRO service providers and OEMs are affected by that and which changes of today’s processes are necessary to implement the presented scenarios.}},
  author       = {{Deppe, G. and Koch, R.}},
  journal      = {{Rtejournal}},
  number       = {{11}},
  title        = {{{Exploring the influence of an Additive Manufacturing integration on future MRO processes in aeronautics}}},
  doi          = {{https://www.rtejournal.de/ausgabe11/3958}},
  volume       = {{2014}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{22018,
  abstract     = {{Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) parts are prone to process-related rough and wavy surfaces with stair-stepping effects whenever the parts produced have sloped or rounded geometries. These stair-stepping effects can be reduced by using a smaller slice height, but complete elimination is not possible. In this paper, FDM parts manufactured with the material ABS-M30 are finished using mass finishing methods. The mass finishing is done with a trough vibrator, which is comparatively gentle to the parts in comparison to other mass finishing technologies. The analysis discusses the surface-smoothing effect of finishing time and intensity on various part sizes and build orientations. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of the parts after the finishing process is examined.}},
  author       = {{Fischer, M. and Schöppner, Volker}},
  booktitle    = {{25th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium}},
  pages        = {{923--934}},
  title        = {{{Finishing of ABS-M30 Parts Manufactured with Fused Deposition Modeling with Focus on Dimensional Accuracy}}},
  doi          = {{http://utw10945.utweb.utexas.edu/sites/default/files/2014-073-Fischer.pdf}},
  volume       = {{25}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}

@inproceedings{6273,
  author       = {{Fischer, Holger Gerhard and Riedemann, Catharina and Daske, Lisa and Geis, Thomas and Kluge, Oliver and Molich, Rolf and Polkehn, Knut}},
  booktitle    = {{Jahresband Usability Professionals}},
  publisher    = {{German UPA}},
  title        = {{{Qualität im Usability Engineering - Stand der Arbeiten am Qualitätsstandard Usability Engineering der German UPA}}},
  year         = {{2014}},
}