---
_id: '63611'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: When humans interact with artificial intelligence (AI), one desideratum is
appropriate trust. Typically, appropriate trust encompasses that humans trust
AI except for instances in which they either explicitly notice AI errors or are
suspicious that errors could be present. So far, appropriate trust or related
notions have mainly been investigated by assessing trust and reliance. In this
contribution, we argue that these assessments are insufficient to measure the
complex aim of appropriate trust and the related notion of healthy distrust. We
introduce and test the perspective of covert visual attention as an additional
indicator for appropriate trust and draw conceptual connections to the notion
of healthy distrust. To test the validity of our conceptualization, we formalize
visual attention using the Theory of Visual Attention and measure its properties
that are potentially relevant to appropriate trust and healthy distrust in an
image classification task. Based on temporal-order judgment performance, we estimate
participants' attentional capacity and attentional weight toward correct and incorrect
mock-up AI classifications. We observe that misclassifications reduce attentional
capacity compared to correct classifications. However, our results do not indicate
that this reduction is beneficial for a subsequent judgment of the classifications.
The attentional weighting is not affected by the classifications' correctness
but by the difficulty of categorizing the stimuli themselves. We discuss these
results, their implications, and the limited potential for using visual attention
as an indicator of appropriate trust and healthy distrust.
article_number: '1694367'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tobias Martin
full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
id: '92810'
last_name: Peters
orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Kai
full_name: Biermeier, Kai
id: '55908'
last_name: Biermeier
orcid: 0000-0002-2879-2359
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
ama: 'Peters TM, Biermeier K, Scharlau I. Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI
interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. Frontiers in Psychology.
2026;16. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367'
apa: 'Peters, T. M., Biermeier, K., & Scharlau, I. (2026). Assessing healthy
distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. Frontiers
in Psychology, 16, Article 1694367. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367'
bibtex: '@article{Peters_Biermeier_Scharlau_2026, title={Assessing healthy distrust
in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention}, volume={16},
DOI={10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367},
number={1694367}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher={Frontiers Media
SA}, author={Peters, Tobias Martin and Biermeier, Kai and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2026}
}'
chicago: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, Kai Biermeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Assessing
Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction: Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.”
Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2026). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367.'
ieee: 'T. M. Peters, K. Biermeier, and I. Scharlau, “Assessing healthy distrust
in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention,” Frontiers
in Psychology, vol. 16, Art. no. 1694367, 2026, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367.'
mla: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, et al. “Assessing Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction:
Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.” Frontiers in Psychology, vol.
16, 1694367, Frontiers Media SA, 2026, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367.'
short: T.M. Peters, K. Biermeier, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-14T14:21:59Z
date_updated: 2026-01-14T14:29:03Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367
intvolume: ' 16'
keyword:
- appropriate trust
- healthy distrust
- visual attention
- Theory of Visual Attention
- human-AI interaction
- Bayesian cognitive model
- image classification
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
name: 'TRR 318 ; TP C01: Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Frontiers in Psychology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1664-1078
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: 'Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in
visual attention'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
volume: 16
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '63696'
abstract:
- lang: ger
text: Das Kapitel beleuchtet, wie digitale Medien von Jugendlichen genutzt werden
und wie diese Nutzung die Entwicklung von Jugendlichen beeinflusst, indem Einblicke
in Nutzungsmuster, Chancen und Risiken digitaler Medien sowie in den Stand digitaler
Kompetenzen gegeben werden. Zwei zentrale Sozialisationsinstanzen (Familie und
Peers) werden genauer beleuchtet. Ziel ist es, pädagogische und gesellschaftliche
Strategien zur Förderung digitaler Mündigkeit aufzuzeigen.
author:
- first_name: Ricarda
full_name: Kurock, Ricarda
id: '78797'
last_name: Kurock
- first_name: Lisa
full_name: Jungkeim, Lisa
last_name: Jungkeim
- first_name: Nicole
full_name: Kuhn, Nicole
id: '38556'
last_name: Kuhn
citation:
ama: 'Kurock R, Jungkeim L, Kuhn N. Umgang mit digitalen Medien im Jugendalter.
In: Kracke B, Noack P, eds. Handbuch Entwicklungs- Und Erziehungspsychologie.
2nd ed. Springer; 2026.'
apa: Kurock, R., Jungkeim, L., & Kuhn, N. (2026). Umgang mit digitalen Medien
im Jugendalter. In B. Kracke & P. Noack (Eds.), Handbuch Entwicklungs-
und Erziehungspsychologie (2nd ed.). Springer.
bibtex: '@inbook{Kurock_Jungkeim_Kuhn_2026, place={Berlin}, edition={2}, title={Umgang
mit digitalen Medien im Jugendalter}, booktitle={Handbuch Entwicklungs- und Erziehungspsychologie},
publisher={Springer}, author={Kurock, Ricarda and Jungkeim, Lisa and Kuhn, Nicole},
editor={Kracke, Bärbel and Noack, Peter }, year={2026} }'
chicago: 'Kurock, Ricarda, Lisa Jungkeim, and Nicole Kuhn. “Umgang Mit Digitalen
Medien Im Jugendalter.” In Handbuch Entwicklungs- Und Erziehungspsychologie,
edited by Bärbel Kracke and Peter Noack, 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer, 2026.'
ieee: 'R. Kurock, L. Jungkeim, and N. Kuhn, “Umgang mit digitalen Medien im Jugendalter,”
in Handbuch Entwicklungs- und Erziehungspsychologie, 2nd ed., B. Kracke
and P. Noack, Eds. Berlin: Springer, 2026.'
mla: Kurock, Ricarda, et al. “Umgang Mit Digitalen Medien Im Jugendalter.” Handbuch
Entwicklungs- Und Erziehungspsychologie, edited by Bärbel Kracke and Peter Noack,
2nd ed., Springer, 2026.
short: 'R. Kurock, L. Jungkeim, N. Kuhn, in: B. Kracke, P. Noack (Eds.), Handbuch
Entwicklungs- Und Erziehungspsychologie, 2nd ed., Springer, Berlin, 2026.'
date_created: 2026-01-22T08:18:56Z
date_updated: 2026-01-22T08:19:59Z
department:
- _id: '427'
edition: '2'
editor:
- first_name: Bärbel
full_name: Kracke, Bärbel
last_name: Kracke
- first_name: 'Peter '
full_name: 'Noack, Peter '
last_name: Noack
keyword:
- Mediennutzung
- Soziale Medien
- Digitale Kompetenzen
- Peers
- Familie
language:
- iso: eng
place: Berlin
publication: Handbuch Entwicklungs- und Erziehungspsychologie
publisher: Springer
status: public
title: Umgang mit digitalen Medien im Jugendalter
type: book_chapter
user_id: '38556'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64827'
author:
- first_name: Philip Fabian
full_name: Porwol, Philip Fabian
id: '56681'
last_name: Porwol
- first_name: Miriam
full_name: Körber, Miriam
last_name: Körber
- first_name: 'Friederike '
full_name: 'Kern, Friederike '
last_name: Kern
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Schulte, Carsten
last_name: Schulte
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
ama: 'Porwol PF, Körber M, Kern F, Schulte C, Scharlau I. Framing what and how to
think: Lay people’s metaphors for algorithms. In: Cimiano P, Paaßen B, Vollmer
A-L, eds. Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations.
Bielefeld University Press; 2026. doi:10.64136/ubio9074'
apa: 'Porwol, P. F., Körber, M., Kern, F., Schulte, C., & Scharlau, I. (2026).
Framing what and how to think: Lay people’s metaphors for algorithms. In P. Cimiano,
B. Paaßen, & A.-L. Vollmer (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference:
Contextualizing Explanations. Bielefeld University Press. https://doi.org/10.64136/ubio9074'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Porwol_Körber_Kern_Schulte_Scharlau_2026, title={Framing
what and how to think: Lay people’s metaphors for algorithms}, DOI={10.64136/ubio9074},
booktitle={Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations},
publisher={Bielefeld University Press}, author={Porwol, Philip Fabian and Körber,
Miriam and Kern, Friederike and Schulte, Carsten and Scharlau, Ingrid}, editor={Cimiano,
Philip and Paaßen, Benjamin and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa}, year={2026} }'
chicago: 'Porwol, Philip Fabian, Miriam Körber, Friederike Kern, Carsten Schulte,
and Ingrid Scharlau. “Framing What and How to Think: Lay People’s Metaphors for
Algorithms.” In Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing
Explanations, edited by Philip Cimiano, Benjamin Paaßen, and Anna-Lisa Vollmer.
Bielefeld University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.64136/ubio9074.'
ieee: 'P. F. Porwol, M. Körber, F. Kern, C. Schulte, and I. Scharlau, “Framing what
and how to think: Lay people’s metaphors for algorithms,” in Proceedings of
the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations, Bielefeld, 2026,
doi: 10.64136/ubio9074.'
mla: 'Porwol, Philip Fabian, et al. “Framing What and How to Think: Lay People’s
Metaphors for Algorithms.” Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing
Explanations, edited by Philip Cimiano et al., Bielefeld University Press,
2026, doi:10.64136/ubio9074.'
short: 'P.F. Porwol, M. Körber, F. Kern, C. Schulte, I. Scharlau, in: P. Cimiano,
B. Paaßen, A.-L. Vollmer (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing
Explanations, Bielefeld University Press, 2026.'
conference:
location: Bielefeld
name: '3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations'
date_created: 2026-03-04T10:45:06Z
date_updated: 2026-03-04T10:45:19Z
department:
- _id: '424'
doi: 10.64136/ubio9074
editor:
- first_name: Philip
full_name: Cimiano, Philip
last_name: Cimiano
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Paaßen, Benjamin
last_name: Paaßen
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
last_name: Vollmer
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://bielefelduniversitypress.de/publikationen/contextualizing-explanations
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '127'
name: 'TRR 318; TP C04: Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens'
publication: 'Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations'
publisher: Bielefeld University Press
status: public
title: 'Framing what and how to think: Lay people’s metaphors for algorithms'
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '451'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64872'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
id: '56345'
last_name: Fisher
orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Katharina J.
full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
id: '50352'
last_name: Rohlfing
orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
ama: 'Buhl HM, Fisher JB, Rohlfing KJ. Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the
Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study. In: Cimiano P, Paassen
B, Vollmer A-L, eds. Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing
Explanations. Bielefeld University Press; 2026. doi:10.64136/gumb4700'
apa: 'Buhl, H. M., Fisher, J. B., & Rohlfing, K. J. (2026). Cognitive and Interactive
Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study.
In P. Cimiano, B. Paassen, & A.-L. Vollmer (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd
TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations. Bielefeld University Press.
https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700'
bibtex: '@inproceedings{Buhl_Fisher_Rohlfing_2026, title={Cognitive and Interactive
Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study},
DOI={10.64136/gumb4700}, booktitle={Proceedings
of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations}, publisher={Bielefeld
University Press}, author={Buhl, Heike M. and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Rohlfing,
Katharina J.}, editor={Cimiano, Philipp and Paassen, Benjamin and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa},
year={2026} }'
chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M., Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Cognitive
and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental
Study.” In Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations,
edited by Philipp Cimiano, Benjamin Paassen, and Anna-Lisa Vollmer. Bielefeld
University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.64136/gumb4700.'
ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, J. B. Fisher, and K. J. Rohlfing, “Cognitive and Interactive
Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study,”
in Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations,
2026, doi: 10.64136/gumb4700.'
mla: 'Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee
in an Explanatory Dialogue: An Experimental Study.” Proceedings of the 3rd
TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations, edited by Philipp Cimiano
et al., Bielefeld University Press, 2026, doi:10.64136/gumb4700.'
short: 'H.M. Buhl, J.B. Fisher, K.J. Rohlfing, in: P. Cimiano, B. Paassen, A.-L.
Vollmer (Eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations,
Bielefeld University Press, 2026.'
conference:
name: 3rd TRR 318 Conference
date_created: 2026-03-10T08:26:13Z
date_updated: 2026-03-10T08:29:56Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.64136/gumb4700
editor:
- first_name: Philipp
full_name: Cimiano, Philipp
last_name: Cimiano
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Paassen, Benjamin
last_name: Paassen
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
last_name: Vollmer
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
publication: 'Proceedings of the 3rd TRR 318 Conference: Contextualizing Explanations'
publisher: Bielefeld University Press
status: public
title: 'Cognitive and Interactive Adaptivity to the Explainee in an Explanatory Dialogue:
An Experimental Study'
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65084'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
id: '86589'
last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Rachid
full_name: Alami, Rachid
last_name: Alami
- first_name: Meisam
full_name: Booshehri, Meisam
id: '93424'
last_name: Booshehri
- first_name: Kary
full_name: Främling, Kary
last_name: Främling
citation:
ama: 'Buhl HM, Vollmer A-L, Alami R, Booshehri M, Främling K. Models of the situation,
the explanandum, and the interaction partner. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Lim
B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. Social Explainable AI. Springer; 2026:269-295.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14'
apa: Buhl, H. M., Vollmer, A.-L., Alami, R., Booshehri, M., & Främling, K. (2026).
Models of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner. In K. J.
Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, & K. Thommes (Eds.), Social
explainable AI (pp. 269–295). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
bibtex: '@inbook{Buhl_Vollmer_Alami_Booshehri_Främling_2026, title={Models of the
situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14},
booktitle={Social explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Alami, Rachid and Booshehri, Meisam and Främling, Kary},
editor={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar,
Suzana and Thommes, Kisten}, year={2026}, pages={269–295} }'
chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Anna-Lisa Vollmer, Rachid Alami, Meisam Booshehri, and
Kary Främling. “Models of the Situation, the Explanandum, and the Interaction
Partner.” In Social Explainable AI, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing, Kary
Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kisten Thommes, 269–95. Springer, 2026.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14.
ieee: H. M. Buhl, A.-L. Vollmer, R. Alami, M. Booshehri, and K. Främling, “Models
of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner,” in Social
explainable AI, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K.
Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 269–295.
mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Models of the Situation, the Explanandum, and the Interaction
Partner.” Social Explainable AI, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et al.,
Springer, 2026, pp. 269–95, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14.
short: 'H.M. Buhl, A.-L. Vollmer, R. Alami, M. Booshehri, K. Främling, in: K.J.
Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable
AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 269–295.'
date_created: 2026-03-23T08:06:57Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:24:49Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '660'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
full_name: Främling, Kary
last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
full_name: Lim, Brian
last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kisten
full_name: Thommes, Kisten
last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
oa: '1'
page: 269-295
project:
- _id: '111'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '121'
name: 'TRR 318; TP B01: Ein dialogbasierter Ansatz zur Erklärung von Modellen des
maschinellen Lernens'
publication: Social explainable AI
publisher: Springer
related_material:
link:
- relation: confirmation
url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
status: public
title: Models of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65083'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Britta
full_name: Wrede, Britta
last_name: Wrede
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
id: '56345'
last_name: Fisher
orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Matarese, Marco
last_name: Matarese
citation:
ama: 'Buhl HM, Wrede B, Fisher JB, Matarese M. Adaptation. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling
K, Lim B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. Social Explainable AI. Springer;
2026:247-267. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13'
apa: Buhl, H. M., Wrede, B., Fisher, J. B., & Matarese, M. (2026). Adaptation.
In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, & K. Thommes (Eds.),
Social Explainable AI (pp. 247–267). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
bibtex: '@inbook{Buhl_Wrede_Fisher_Matarese_2026, title={Adaptation}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13},
booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
and Wrede, Britta and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Matarese, Marco}, editor={Rohlfing,
Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes,
Kirsten}, year={2026}, pages={247–267} }'
chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Britta Wrede, Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Marco Matarese.
“Adaptation.” In Social Explainable AI, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing,
Kary Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kirsten Thommes, 247–67. Springer,
2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13.
ieee: H. M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J. B. Fisher, and M. Matarese, “Adaptation,” in Social
Explainable AI, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K.
Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 247–267.
mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Adaptation.” Social Explainable AI, edited by
Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer, 2026, pp. 247–67, doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13.
short: 'H.M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J.B. Fisher, M. Matarese, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026,
pp. 247–267.'
date_created: 2026-03-23T07:55:56Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:25:34Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '660'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
full_name: Främling, Kary
last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
full_name: Lim, Brian
last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
oa: '1'
page: 247-267
project:
- _id: '111'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '115'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '118'
name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
unknown:
- 978-981-96-5290-7
publisher: Springer
related_material:
link:
- relation: confirmation
url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
status: public
title: Adaptation
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65180'
author:
- first_name: Lutz
full_name: Terfloth, Lutz
id: '37320'
last_name: Terfloth
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Vivien
full_name: Lohmer, Vivien
id: '99097'
last_name: Lohmer
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Schaffer, Michael
id: '92807'
last_name: Schaffer
- first_name: Frederike
full_name: Kern, Frederike
last_name: Kern
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Schulte, Carsten
id: '60311'
last_name: Schulte
citation:
ama: 'Terfloth L, Buhl HM, Lohmer V, Schaffer M, Kern F, Schulte C. Bridging
the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding of Technical
Artifacts.; 2026.'
apa: 'Terfloth, L., Buhl, H. M., Lohmer, V., Schaffer, M., Kern, F., & Schulte,
C. (2026). Bridging the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding
of Technical Artifacts.'
bibtex: '@book{Terfloth_Buhl_Lohmer_Schaffer_Kern_Schulte_2026, title={Bridging
the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding of Technical
Artifacts}, author={Terfloth, Lutz and Buhl, Heike M. and Lohmer, Vivien and Schaffer,
Michael and Kern, Frederike and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2026} }'
chicago: 'Terfloth, Lutz, Heike M. Buhl, Vivien Lohmer, Michael Schaffer, Frederike
Kern, and Carsten Schulte. Bridging the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations
Enhance Understanding of Technical Artifacts, 2026.'
ieee: 'L. Terfloth, H. M. Buhl, V. Lohmer, M. Schaffer, F. Kern, and C. Schulte,
Bridging the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding
of Technical Artifacts. 2026.'
mla: 'Terfloth, Lutz, et al. Bridging the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations
Enhance Understanding of Technical Artifacts. 2026.'
short: 'L. Terfloth, H.M. Buhl, V. Lohmer, M. Schaffer, F. Kern, C. Schulte, Bridging
the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding of Technical
Artifacts, 2026.'
date_created: 2026-03-27T15:51:01Z
date_updated: 2026-03-27T15:53:19Z
department:
- _id: '427'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.24325
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '114'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
status: public
title: 'Bridging the Dual Nature: How Integrated Explanations Enhance Understanding
of Technical Artifacts'
type: working_paper
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65265'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Abstract\r\n \r\n Background\r\n
\ Research on procrastination mostly focuses on person‐related
antecedents and neglects situational and social factors, such as group work. Prior
research indicates that conjunctive and additive group work may increase individual
effort and performance as compared to individual work.\r\n \r\n
\ \r\n Aims\r\n
\ Based on these findings, we investigate whether conjunctive
and additive group work may also help reduce procrastination as compared to individual
work.\r\n \r\n \r\n
\ Methods\r\n \r\n
\ In a registered field experiment,\r\n N\r\n
\ = 218 students with high levels of trait procrastination
worked on an academic task over the course of 10 days in one of three conditions
(individual work vs. conjunctive group work vs. additive group work). Dependent
variables comprised task procrastination, task performance, and positive and negative
task‐related affect.\r\n \r\n \r\n
\ \r\n Results\r\n
\ Regarding conjunctive group work, results are mixed,
with some evidence that conjunctive group work leads to lower procrastination
as compared to individual work. Both types of group work resulted in higher negative
task‐related affect when assessed prospectively. No other effects were found.\r\n
\ \r\n \r\n Conclusions\r\n
\ The findings contribute to the idea that targeted
changes in the learning environment, such as the implementation of group work,
may help reduce procrastination.\r\n "
article_number: bjep.70069
author:
- first_name: Markus
full_name: Koppenborg, Markus
last_name: Koppenborg
- first_name: Joachim
full_name: Hüffmeier, Joachim
last_name: Hüffmeier
- first_name: Katrin B.
full_name: Klingsieck, Katrin B.
id: '36716'
last_name: Klingsieck
citation:
ama: Koppenborg M, Hüffmeier J, Klingsieck KB. Is procrastination among students
lower in group work? Evidence from a registered field experiment. British Journal
of Educational Psychology. Published online 2026. doi:10.1111/bjep.70069
apa: Koppenborg, M., Hüffmeier, J., & Klingsieck, K. B. (2026). Is procrastination
among students lower in group work? Evidence from a registered field experiment.
British Journal of Educational Psychology, Article bjep. 70069. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.70069
bibtex: '@article{Koppenborg_Hüffmeier_Klingsieck_2026, title={Is procrastination
among students lower in group work? Evidence from a registered field experiment},
DOI={10.1111/bjep.70069}, number={bjep.
70069}, journal={British Journal of Educational Psychology}, publisher={Wiley},
author={Koppenborg, Markus and Hüffmeier, Joachim and Klingsieck, Katrin B.},
year={2026} }'
chicago: Koppenborg, Markus, Joachim Hüffmeier, and Katrin B. Klingsieck. “Is Procrastination
among Students Lower in Group Work? Evidence from a Registered Field Experiment.”
British Journal of Educational Psychology, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.70069.
ieee: 'M. Koppenborg, J. Hüffmeier, and K. B. Klingsieck, “Is procrastination among
students lower in group work? Evidence from a registered field experiment,” British
Journal of Educational Psychology, Art. no. bjep. 70069, 2026, doi: 10.1111/bjep.70069.'
mla: Koppenborg, Markus, et al. “Is Procrastination among Students Lower in Group
Work? Evidence from a Registered Field Experiment.” British Journal of Educational
Psychology, bjep. 70069, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1111/bjep.70069.
short: M. Koppenborg, J. Hüffmeier, K.B. Klingsieck, British Journal of Educational
Psychology (2026).
date_created: 2026-03-31T18:55:54Z
date_updated: 2026-03-31T18:57:37Z
department:
- _id: '426'
doi: 10.1111/bjep.70069
language:
- iso: eng
publication: British Journal of Educational Psychology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0007-0998
- 2044-8279
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
status: public
title: Is procrastination among students lower in group work? Evidence from a registered
field experiment
type: journal_article
user_id: '36716'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65481'
author:
- first_name: Kathrin
full_name: Schönert, Kathrin
last_name: Schönert
- first_name: Sabrina
full_name: Sommer, Sabrina
id: '36251'
last_name: Sommer
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
citation:
ama: Schönert K, Sommer S, Buhl HM. Prädiktoren der persönlichen Verpflichtung in
Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen im Erwachsenenalter. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie
und Pädagogische Psychologie. Published online 2026. doi:10.1026/0049-8637/a000315
apa: Schönert, K., Sommer, S., & Buhl, H. M. (2026). Prädiktoren der persönlichen
Verpflichtung in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen im Erwachsenenalter. Zeitschrift Für
Entwicklungspsychologie Und Pädagogische Psychologie. https://doi.org/10.1026/0049-8637/a000315
bibtex: '@article{Schönert_Sommer_Buhl_2026, title={Prädiktoren der persönlichen
Verpflichtung in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen im Erwachsenenalter}, DOI={10.1026/0049-8637/a000315},
journal={Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie},
publisher={Hogrefe}, author={Schönert, Kathrin and Sommer, Sabrina and Buhl, Heike
M.}, year={2026} }'
chicago: Schönert, Kathrin, Sabrina Sommer, and Heike M. Buhl. “Prädiktoren Der
Persönlichen Verpflichtung in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen Im Erwachsenenalter.” Zeitschrift
Für Entwicklungspsychologie Und Pädagogische Psychologie, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1026/0049-8637/a000315.
ieee: 'K. Schönert, S. Sommer, and H. M. Buhl, “Prädiktoren der persönlichen Verpflichtung
in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen im Erwachsenenalter,” Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie
und Pädagogische Psychologie, 2026, doi: 10.1026/0049-8637/a000315.'
mla: Schönert, Kathrin, et al. “Prädiktoren Der Persönlichen Verpflichtung in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen
Im Erwachsenenalter.” Zeitschrift Für Entwicklungspsychologie Und Pädagogische
Psychologie, Hogrefe, 2026, doi:10.1026/0049-8637/a000315.
short: K. Schönert, S. Sommer, H.M. Buhl, Zeitschrift Für Entwicklungspsychologie
Und Pädagogische Psychologie (2026).
date_created: 2026-04-21T16:38:09Z
date_updated: 2026-04-21T16:39:03Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1026/0049-8637/a000315
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/full/10.1026/0049-8637/a000315
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '376'
name: Interdependenz in der Beziehung zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern II
publication: Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie
publisher: Hogrefe
status: public
title: Prädiktoren der persönlichen Verpflichtung in Eltern-Kind-Beziehungen im Erwachsenenalter
type: journal_article
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65492'
author:
- first_name: Terfloth
full_name: Lutz, Terfloth
last_name: Lutz
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Vivien
full_name: Lohmer, Vivien
id: '99097'
last_name: Lohmer
- first_name: Friederike
full_name: Kern, Friederike
last_name: Kern
- first_name: Michael E.
full_name: Schaffer, Michael E.
last_name: Schaffer
- first_name: Carsten
full_name: Schulte, Carsten
id: '60311'
last_name: Schulte
citation:
ama: 'Lutz T, Buhl HM, Lohmer V, Kern F, Schaffer ME, Schulte C. Navigating the
dual nature: do explainers adapt to explainee interests when explaining technical
artifacts. International Journal of Technology and Design Education. Published
online 2026.'
apa: 'Lutz, T., Buhl, H. M., Lohmer, V., Kern, F., Schaffer, M. E., & Schulte,
C. (2026). Navigating the dual nature: do explainers adapt to explainee interests
when explaining technical artifacts. International Journal of Technology and
Design Education.'
bibtex: '@article{Lutz_Buhl_Lohmer_Kern_Schaffer_Schulte_2026, title={Navigating
the dual nature: do explainers adapt to explainee interests when explaining technical
artifacts}, journal={International Journal of Technology and Design Education},
publisher={Springer}, author={Lutz, Terfloth and Buhl, Heike M. and Lohmer, Vivien
and Kern, Friederike and Schaffer, Michael E. and Schulte, Carsten}, year={2026}
}'
chicago: 'Lutz, Terfloth, Heike M. Buhl, Vivien Lohmer, Friederike Kern, Michael
E. Schaffer, and Carsten Schulte. “Navigating the Dual Nature: Do Explainers Adapt
to Explainee Interests When Explaining Technical Artifacts.” International
Journal of Technology and Design Education, 2026.'
ieee: 'T. Lutz, H. M. Buhl, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, M. E. Schaffer, and C. Schulte,
“Navigating the dual nature: do explainers adapt to explainee interests when explaining
technical artifacts,” International Journal of Technology and Design Education,
2026.'
mla: 'Lutz, Terfloth, et al. “Navigating the Dual Nature: Do Explainers Adapt to
Explainee Interests When Explaining Technical Artifacts.” International Journal
of Technology and Design Education, Springer, 2026.'
short: T. Lutz, H.M. Buhl, V. Lohmer, F. Kern, M.E. Schaffer, C. Schulte, International
Journal of Technology and Design Education (2026).
date_created: 2026-04-23T13:37:06Z
date_updated: 2026-04-23T15:44:02Z
department:
- _id: '427'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10798-026-10084-9
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '114'
name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
publication: International Journal of Technology and Design Education
publisher: Springer
status: public
title: 'Navigating the dual nature: do explainers adapt to explainee interests when
explaining technical artifacts'
type: journal_article
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '59754'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Andreas
full_name: Seifert, Andreas
id: '693'
last_name: Seifert
citation:
ama: 'Scharlau I, Seifert A. Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen Forschung.
In: Scharlau I, Bender E, Patrzek J, Schreiber C, eds. Psychologiedidaktik
an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien.
Springer Nature; 2025:339-365.'
apa: 'Scharlau, I., & Seifert, A. (2025). Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen
Forschung. In I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, & C. Schreiber (Eds.), Psychologiedidaktik
an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien
(pp. 339–365). Springer Nature.'
bibtex: '@inbook{Scharlau_Seifert_2025, place={Berlin}, title={Empirische Methoden
der psychologiedidaktischen Forschung}, booktitle={Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden
und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien}, publisher={Springer
Nature}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Seifert, Andreas}, editor={Scharlau, Ingrid
and Bender, Elena and Patrzek, Justine and Schreiber, Christine}, year={2025},
pages={339–365} }'
chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Andreas Seifert. “Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen
Forschung.” In Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen:
Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by Ingrid Scharlau, Elena
Bender, Justine Patrzek, and Christine Schreiber, 339–65. Berlin: Springer Nature,
2025.'
ieee: 'I. Scharlau and A. Seifert, “Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen
Forschung,” in Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen:
Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek,
and C. Schreiber, Eds. Berlin: Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 339–365.'
mla: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Andreas Seifert. “Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen
Forschung.” Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen:
Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by Ingrid Scharlau et al.,
Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 339–65.'
short: 'I. Scharlau, A. Seifert, in: I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, C. Schreiber
(Eds.), Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein
Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, Springer Nature, Berlin, 2025, pp. 339–365.'
date_created: 2025-05-02T07:08:23Z
date_updated: 2025-05-02T07:08:27Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '427'
editor:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
last_name: Scharlau
- first_name: Elena
full_name: Bender, Elena
last_name: Bender
- first_name: Justine
full_name: Patrzek, Justine
last_name: Patrzek
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Schreiber, Christine
last_name: Schreiber
language:
- iso: ger
page: 339-365
place: Berlin
publication: 'Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein
Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien'
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-3-662-69481-7
isbn:
- 978-3-662-69480-1
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: Empirische Methoden der psychologiedidaktischen Forschung
type: book_chapter
user_id: '451'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59752'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Justine
full_name: Patrzek, Justine
id: '82463'
last_name: Patrzek
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Schreiber, Christine
last_name: Schreiber
citation:
ama: 'Scharlau I, Patrzek J, Schreiber C. Psychologiedidaktik durch Analyse von
Kommunikation. In: Scharlau I, Bender E, Patrzek J, Schreiber C, eds. Psychologiedidaktik
an Allgemeinbildenden Und Beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch Mit Unterrichtsmaterialien.
Springer Nature; 2025:89-118.'
apa: 'Scharlau, I., Patrzek, J., & Schreiber, C. (2025). Psychologiedidaktik
durch Analyse von Kommunikation. In I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, &
C. Schreiber (Eds.), Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen
Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien (pp. 89–118). Springer Nature.'
bibtex: '@inbook{Scharlau_Patrzek_Schreiber_2025, place={Berlin}, title={Psychologiedidaktik
durch Analyse von Kommunikation}, booktitle={Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden
und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien}, publisher={Springer
Nature}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Patrzek, Justine and Schreiber, Christine},
editor={Scharlau, Ingrid and Bender, Elena and Patrzek, Justine and Schreiber,
Christine}, year={2025}, pages={89–118} }'
chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, Justine Patrzek, and Christine Schreiber. “Psychologiedidaktik
Durch Analyse von Kommunikation.” In Psychologiedidaktik an Allgemeinbildenden
Und Beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch Mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by
Ingrid Scharlau, Elena Bender, Justine Patrzek, and Christine Schreiber, 89–118.
Berlin: Springer Nature, 2025.'
ieee: 'I. Scharlau, J. Patrzek, and C. Schreiber, “Psychologiedidaktik durch Analyse
von Kommunikation,” in Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen
Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, I. Scharlau, E. Bender,
J. Patrzek, and C. Schreiber, Eds. Berlin: Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 89–118.'
mla: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “Psychologiedidaktik Durch Analyse von Kommunikation.”
Psychologiedidaktik an Allgemeinbildenden Und Beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch
Mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by Ingrid Scharlau et al., Springer Nature,
2025, pp. 89–118.'
short: 'I. Scharlau, J. Patrzek, C. Schreiber, in: I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek,
C. Schreiber (Eds.), Psychologiedidaktik an Allgemeinbildenden Und Beruflichen
Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch Mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, Springer Nature, Berlin, 2025,
pp. 89–118.'
date_created: 2025-05-02T07:01:32Z
date_updated: 2025-05-02T07:10:02Z
department:
- _id: '424'
editor:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
last_name: Scharlau
- first_name: Elena
full_name: Bender, Elena
last_name: Bender
- first_name: Justine
full_name: Patrzek, Justine
last_name: Patrzek
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Schreiber, Christine
last_name: Schreiber
language:
- iso: eng
page: 89-118
place: Berlin
publication: 'Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein
Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien'
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-3-662-69481-7
isbn:
- 978-3-662-69480-0
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: Psychologiedidaktik durch Analyse von Kommunikation
type: book_chapter
user_id: '451'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59753'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Schreiber
full_name: Christine, Schreiber
last_name: Christine
citation:
ama: 'Scharlau I, Christine S. Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht unterstützen.
In: Scharlau I, Bender E, Patrzek J, Schreiber C, eds. Psychologiedidaktik
an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien.
Springer Nature; 2025:271-300.'
apa: 'Scharlau, I., & Christine, S. (2025). Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht
unterstützen. In I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, & C. Schreiber (Eds.),
Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch
mit Unterrichtsmaterialien (pp. 271–300). Springer Nature.'
bibtex: '@inbook{Scharlau_Christine_2025, place={Berlin}, title={Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht
unterstützen}, booktitle={Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen
Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien}, publisher={Springer Nature},
author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Christine, Schreiber}, editor={Scharlau, Ingrid and
Bender, Elena and Patrzek, Justine and Schreiber, Christine}, year={2025}, pages={271–300}
}'
chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Schreiber Christine. “Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht
unterstützen.” In Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen
Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by Ingrid Scharlau,
Elena Bender, Justine Patrzek, and Christine Schreiber, 271–300. Berlin: Springer
Nature, 2025.'
ieee: 'I. Scharlau and S. Christine, “Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht unterstützen,”
in Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein Lehrbuch
mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, and C. Schreiber,
Eds. Berlin: Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 271–300.'
mla: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Schreiber Christine. “Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht
unterstützen.” Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen:
Ein Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, edited by Ingrid Scharlau et al.,
Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 271–300.'
short: 'I. Scharlau, S. Christine, in: I. Scharlau, E. Bender, J. Patrzek, C. Schreiber
(Eds.), Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein
Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien, Springer Nature, Berlin, 2025, pp. 271–300.'
date_created: 2025-05-02T07:04:44Z
date_updated: 2025-05-02T07:09:07Z
department:
- _id: '424'
editor:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
last_name: Scharlau
- first_name: Elena
full_name: Bender, Elena
last_name: Bender
- first_name: Justine
full_name: Patrzek, Justine
last_name: Patrzek
- first_name: Christine
full_name: Schreiber, Christine
last_name: Schreiber
language:
- iso: ger
page: 271-300
place: Berlin
publication: 'Psychologiedidaktik an allgemeinbildenden und beruflichen Schulen: Ein
Lehrbuch mit Unterrichtsmaterialien'
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- 978-3-662-69481-7
isbn:
- 978-3-662-69480-1
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: Schreiben im Psychologieunterricht unterstützen
type: book_chapter
user_id: '451'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59839'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In many scientific approaches, especially in those that try to foster explainability
of Artificial Intelligences, a narrow conception of explaining prevails. This
narrow conception implies that explaining is a one-directional action in which
knowledge is transferred from the explainer to an addressee. By studying the amount
of agency in metaphors for explaining in scientific texts, we want to find out
– or at least to contribute a partial answer to the question – why this narrow
conception is so dominant. For our analysis, we use a linguistic conception of
agency, transitivity. This concept allows to specify the degree of agency or effectiveness
of the action in a verbalised event. It is defined by several component parts.
We detail and discuss both the parameters of and global transitivity. Overall,
transitivity of explaining metaphors has a rather common pattern across metaphors.
Agency is not high and reduced in characteristic aspects: The metaphors imply
that the object of explaining is static, i.e., is not changed within the explanation,
and that explaining is the activity of one person only. This pattern may account
for the narrow conception of explaining. It contrasts strongly with current co-constructive
or sociotechnical approaches to explainability.'
author:
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Katharina J.
full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
id: '50352'
last_name: Rohlfing
orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
ama: 'Scharlau I, Rohlfing KJ. Agency in metaphors of explaining: An analysis of
scientific texts. Published online 2025.'
apa: 'Scharlau, I., & Rohlfing, K. J. (2025). Agency in metaphors of explaining:
An analysis of scientific texts. Center for Open Science.'
bibtex: '@article{Scharlau_Rohlfing_2025, title={Agency in metaphors of explaining:
An analysis of scientific texts}, publisher={Center for Open Science}, author={Scharlau,
Ingrid and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2025} }'
chicago: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Agency in Metaphors of Explaining:
An Analysis of Scientific Texts.” Center for Open Science, 2025.'
ieee: 'I. Scharlau and K. J. Rohlfing, “Agency in metaphors of explaining: An analysis
of scientific texts.” Center for Open Science, 2025.'
mla: 'Scharlau, Ingrid, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. Agency in Metaphors of Explaining:
An Analysis of Scientific Texts. Center for Open Science, 2025.'
short: I. Scharlau, K.J. Rohlfing, (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-07T11:00:09Z
date_updated: 2025-05-07T11:09:37Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '749'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://osf.io/preprints/osf/rwh9b_v1
project:
- _id: '127'
name: 'TRR 318 - C4: TRR 318 - Subproject C4 - Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens'
publication_status: published
publisher: Center for Open Science
status: public
title: 'Agency in metaphors of explaining: An analysis of scientific texts'
type: preprint
user_id: '451'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59756'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A current concern in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to ensure
the trustworthiness of AI systems. The development of explainability methods is
one prominent way to address this, which has often resulted in the assumption
that the use of explainability will lead to an increase in the trust of users
and wider society. However, the dynamics between explainability and trust are
not well established and empirical investigations of their relation remain mixed
or inconclusive.\r\nIn this paper we provide a detailed description of the concepts
of user trust and distrust in AI and their relation to appropriate reliance. For
that we draw from the fields of machine learning, human–computer interaction,
and the social sciences. Based on these insights, we have created a focused study
of empirical literature of existing empirical studies that investigate the effects
of AI systems and XAI methods on user (dis)trust, in order to substantiate our
conceptualization of trust, distrust, and reliance. With respect to our conceptual
understanding we identify gaps in existing empirical work. With clarifying the
concepts and summarizing the empirical studies, we aim to provide researchers,
who examine user trust in AI, with an improved starting point for developing user
studies to measure and evaluate the user’s attitude towards and reliance on AI
systems."
article_number: '101357'
author:
- first_name: Roel
full_name: Visser, Roel
last_name: Visser
- first_name: Tobias Martin
full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
id: '92810'
last_name: Peters
orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Barbara
full_name: Hammer, Barbara
last_name: Hammer
citation:
ama: 'Visser R, Peters TM, Scharlau I, Hammer B. Trust, distrust, and appropriate
reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey of its
empirical evaluation. Cognitive Systems Research. Published online 2025.
doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357'
apa: 'Visser, R., Peters, T. M., Scharlau, I., & Hammer, B. (2025). Trust, distrust,
and appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and
survey of its empirical evaluation. Cognitive Systems Research, Article
101357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357'
bibtex: '@article{Visser_Peters_Scharlau_Hammer_2025, title={Trust, distrust, and
appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey
of its empirical evaluation}, DOI={10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357},
number={101357}, journal={Cognitive Systems Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV},
author={Visser, Roel and Peters, Tobias Martin and Scharlau, Ingrid and Hammer,
Barbara}, year={2025} }'
chicago: 'Visser, Roel, Tobias Martin Peters, Ingrid Scharlau, and Barbara Hammer.
“Trust, Distrust, and Appropriate Reliance in (X)AI: A Conceptual Clarification
of User Trust and Survey of Its Empirical Evaluation.” Cognitive Systems Research,
2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357.'
ieee: 'R. Visser, T. M. Peters, I. Scharlau, and B. Hammer, “Trust, distrust, and
appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey
of its empirical evaluation,” Cognitive Systems Research, Art. no. 101357,
2025, doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357.'
mla: 'Visser, Roel, et al. “Trust, Distrust, and Appropriate Reliance in (X)AI:
A Conceptual Clarification of User Trust and Survey of Its Empirical Evaluation.”
Cognitive Systems Research, 101357, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357.'
short: R. Visser, T.M. Peters, I. Scharlau, B. Hammer, Cognitive Systems Research
(2025).
date_created: 2025-05-02T09:26:15Z
date_updated: 2025-05-15T11:16:27Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357
keyword:
- XAI
- Appropriate trust
- Distrust
- Reliance
- Human-centric evaluation
- Trustworthy AI
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
name: 'TRR 318 - C1: TRR 318 - Subproject C1 - Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Cognitive Systems Research
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1389-0417
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: 'Trust, distrust, and appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification
of user trust and survey of its empirical evaluation'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59922'
author:
- first_name: Philip
full_name: Porwol, Philip
last_name: Porwol
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
ama: Porwol P, Scharlau I. An Annotated Corpus of Elicited Metaphors of Explaining
and Understanding Using MIPVU. OSF; 2025. doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX
apa: Porwol, P., & Scharlau, I. (2025). An annotated corpus of elicited metaphors
of explaining and understanding using MIPVU. OSF. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX
bibtex: '@book{Porwol_Scharlau_2025, title={An annotated corpus of elicited metaphors
of explaining and understanding using MIPVU}, DOI={10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX},
publisher={OSF}, author={Porwol, Philip and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Porwol, Philip, and Ingrid Scharlau. An Annotated Corpus of Elicited
Metaphors of Explaining and Understanding Using MIPVU. OSF, 2025. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX.
ieee: P. Porwol and I. Scharlau, An annotated corpus of elicited metaphors of
explaining and understanding using MIPVU. OSF, 2025.
mla: Porwol, Philip, and Ingrid Scharlau. An Annotated Corpus of Elicited Metaphors
of Explaining and Understanding Using MIPVU. OSF, 2025, doi:10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX.
short: P. Porwol, I. Scharlau, An Annotated Corpus of Elicited Metaphors of Explaining
and Understanding Using MIPVU, OSF, 2025.
date_created: 2025-05-16T10:01:58Z
date_updated: 2025-05-16T10:02:14Z
department:
- _id: '424'
doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/Y6SMX
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://osf.io/y6smx/
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '127'
name: 'TRR 318 - C4: TRR 318 - Subproject C4 - Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens'
publisher: OSF
status: public
title: An annotated corpus of elicited metaphors of explaining and understanding using
MIPVU
type: misc
user_id: '451'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59755'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Due to the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk domains
like law or medicine,\r\ntrustworthy AI and trust in AI are of increasing scientific
and public relevance. A typical conception,\r\nfor example in the context of medical
diagnosis, is that a knowledgeable user receives AIgenerated\r\nclassification
as advice. Research to improve such interactions often aims to foster the\r\nuser’s
trust, which in turn should improve the combined human-AI performance. Given that
AI\r\nmodels can err, we argue that the possibility to critically review, thus
to distrust, an AI decision is\r\nan equally interesting target of research.\r\nWe
created two image classification scenarios in which the participants received
mock-up\r\nAI advice. The quality of the advice decreases for a phase of the experiment.
We studied the\r\ntask performance, trust and distrust of the participants, and
tested whether an instruction to\r\nremain skeptical and review each piece of
advice led to a better performance compared to a\r\nneutral condition. Our results
indicate that this instruction does not improve but rather worsens\r\nthe participants’
performance. Repeated single-item self-report of trust and distrust shows an\r\nincrease
in trust and a decrease in distrust after the drop in the AI’s classification
quality, with no\r\ndifference between the two instructions. Furthermore, via
a Bayesian Signal Detection Theory\r\nanalysis, we provide a procedure to assess
appropriate reliance in detail, by quantifying whether\r\nthe problems of under-
and over-reliance have been mitigated. We discuss implications of our\r\nresults
for the usage of disclaimers before interacting with AI, as prominently used in
current\r\nLLM-based chatbots, and for trust and distrust research."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tobias Martin
full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
id: '92810'
last_name: Peters
orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Ingrid
full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
id: '451'
last_name: Scharlau
orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
ama: 'Peters TM, Scharlau I. Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust helpful when
receiving AI misclassifications? Frontiers in Psychology. 2025;16. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809'
apa: 'Peters, T. M., & Scharlau, I. (2025). Interacting with fallible AI: Is
distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications? Frontiers in Psychology,
16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809'
bibtex: '@article{Peters_Scharlau_2025, title={Interacting with fallible AI: Is
distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?}, volume={16}, DOI={10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809},
journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Peters, Tobias Martin and Scharlau,
Ingrid}, year={2025} }'
chicago: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Interacting with Fallible
AI: Is Distrust Helpful When Receiving AI Misclassifications?” Frontiers in
Psychology 16 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809.'
ieee: 'T. M. Peters and I. Scharlau, “Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust
helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?,” Frontiers in Psychology,
vol. 16, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809.'
mla: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Interacting with Fallible AI:
Is Distrust Helpful When Receiving AI Misclassifications?” Frontiers in Psychology,
vol. 16, 2025, doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809.'
short: T.M. Peters, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-02T09:22:39Z
date_updated: 2025-05-27T09:10:09Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809
intvolume: ' 16'
keyword:
- trust in AI
- trust
- distrust
- human-AI interaction
- Signal Detection Theory
- Bayesian parameter estimation
- image classification
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
name: 'TRR 318 - C1: TRR 318 - Subproject C1 - Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Frontiers in Psychology
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60144'
author:
- first_name: Sarah
full_name: Depenbusch, Sarah
id: '32536'
last_name: Depenbusch
orcid: 0000-0003-0655-9000
citation:
ama: Depenbusch S. VR-based avatar videos as an effective tool for process training
in the context of digitalization? Frontiers in Computer Science. 2025;7(1553441).
doi:10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441
apa: Depenbusch, S. (2025). VR-based avatar videos as an effective tool for process
training in the context of digitalization? Frontiers in Computer Science,
7(1553441). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441
bibtex: '@article{Depenbusch_2025, title={VR-based avatar videos as an effective
tool for process training in the context of digitalization?}, volume={7}, DOI={10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441},
number={1553441}, journal={Frontiers in Computer Science}, author={Depenbusch,
Sarah}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Depenbusch, Sarah. “VR-Based Avatar Videos as an Effective Tool for Process
Training in the Context of Digitalization?” Frontiers in Computer Science
7, no. 1553441 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441.
ieee: 'S. Depenbusch, “VR-based avatar videos as an effective tool for process training
in the context of digitalization?,” Frontiers in Computer Science, vol.
7, no. 1553441, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441.'
mla: Depenbusch, Sarah. “VR-Based Avatar Videos as an Effective Tool for Process
Training in the Context of Digitalization?” Frontiers in Computer Science,
vol. 7, no. 1553441, 2025, doi:10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441.
short: S. Depenbusch, Frontiers in Computer Science 7 (2025).
date_created: 2025-06-06T06:06:51Z
date_updated: 2025-06-06T06:08:04Z
department:
- _id: '423'
doi: 10.3389/fcomp.2025.1553441
intvolume: ' 7'
issue: '1553441'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Frontiers in Computer Science
publication_status: published
status: public
title: VR-based avatar videos as an effective tool for process training in the context
of digitalization?
type: journal_article
user_id: '32536'
volume: 7
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60306'
author:
- first_name: Kathrin
full_name: Schoenert, Kathrin
last_name: Schoenert
- first_name: Sabrina
full_name: Sommer, Sabrina
id: '36251'
last_name: Sommer
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
citation:
ama: Schoenert K, Sommer S, Buhl HM. Impact of felt obligation and perceived mutual
reciprocity on support between mothers and their adult children. Frontiers
in Developmental Psychology. 2025;3. doi:10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469
apa: Schoenert, K., Sommer, S., & Buhl, H. M. (2025). Impact of felt obligation
and perceived mutual reciprocity on support between mothers and their adult children.
Frontiers in Developmental Psychology, 3. https://doi.org/10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469
bibtex: '@article{Schoenert_Sommer_Buhl_2025, title={Impact of felt obligation and
perceived mutual reciprocity on support between mothers and their adult children},
volume={3}, DOI={10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469},
journal={Frontiers in Developmental Psychology}, author={Schoenert, Kathrin and
Sommer, Sabrina and Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Schoenert, Kathrin, Sabrina Sommer, and Heike M. Buhl. “Impact of Felt
Obligation and Perceived Mutual Reciprocity on Support between Mothers and Their
Adult Children.” Frontiers in Developmental Psychology 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469.
ieee: 'K. Schoenert, S. Sommer, and H. M. Buhl, “Impact of felt obligation and perceived
mutual reciprocity on support between mothers and their adult children,” Frontiers
in Developmental Psychology, vol. 3, 2025, doi: 10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469.'
mla: Schoenert, Kathrin, et al. “Impact of Felt Obligation and Perceived Mutual
Reciprocity on Support between Mothers and Their Adult Children.” Frontiers
in Developmental Psychology, vol. 3, 2025, doi:10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469.
short: K. Schoenert, S. Sommer, H.M. Buhl, Frontiers in Developmental Psychology
3 (2025).
date_created: 2025-06-23T08:25:09Z
date_updated: 2025-06-23T08:33:12Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469
intvolume: ' 3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdpys.2025.1508469
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '376'
grant_number: '281828538'
name: Interdependenz in der Beziehung zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern II
publication: Frontiers in Developmental Psychology
status: public
title: Impact of felt obligation and perceived mutual reciprocity on support between
mothers and their adult children
type: journal_article
user_id: '90826'
volume: 3
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59636'
author:
- first_name: Carla
full_name: Bohndick, Carla
last_name: Bohndick
- first_name: Jonas
full_name: Breetzke, Jonas
last_name: Breetzke
- first_name: Katrin B.
full_name: Klingsieck, Katrin B.
id: '36716'
last_name: Klingsieck
- first_name: Heike M.
full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
id: '27152'
last_name: Buhl
citation:
ama: Bohndick C, Breetzke J, Klingsieck KB, Buhl HM. Students’ personality impacts
sense of belonging of students in different ways. Social Psychology of Education.
2025;28. doi:10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0
apa: Bohndick, C., Breetzke, J., Klingsieck, K. B., & Buhl, H. M. (2025). Students’
personality impacts sense of belonging of students in different ways. Social
Psychology of Education, 28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0
bibtex: '@article{Bohndick_Breetzke_Klingsieck_Buhl_2025, title={Students’ personality
impacts sense of belonging of students in different ways}, volume={28}, DOI={10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0},
journal={Social Psychology of Education}, author={Bohndick, Carla and Breetzke,
Jonas and Klingsieck, Katrin B. and Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2025} }'
chicago: Bohndick, Carla, Jonas Breetzke, Katrin B. Klingsieck, and Heike M. Buhl.
“Students’ Personality Impacts Sense of Belonging of Students in Different Ways.”
Social Psychology of Education 28 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0.
ieee: 'C. Bohndick, J. Breetzke, K. B. Klingsieck, and H. M. Buhl, “Students’ personality
impacts sense of belonging of students in different ways,” Social Psychology
of Education, vol. 28, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0.'
mla: Bohndick, Carla, et al. “Students’ Personality Impacts Sense of Belonging of
Students in Different Ways.” Social Psychology of Education, vol. 28, 2025,
doi:10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0.
short: C. Bohndick, J. Breetzke, K.B. Klingsieck, H.M. Buhl, Social Psychology of
Education 28 (2025).
date_created: 2025-04-22T17:32:46Z
date_updated: 2025-07-16T08:06:08Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1007/s11218-025-10058-0
intvolume: ' 28'
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '375'
name: 'LehramtsNavi: Beratungsorientiertes Self-Assessment am Übergang zum Lehramtsstudium'
publication: Social Psychology of Education
status: public
title: Students’ personality impacts sense of belonging of students in different ways
type: journal_article
user_id: '27152'
volume: 28
year: '2025'
...