@inbook{62946, author = {{Giesen, Marie and Pollmeier, Pascal and Ronnebaum, RonnebaumMarie-Theres and Heitzer, Johanna}}, booktitle = {{Sammelband MINT in der Buchreihe Kompetenzzentren für digital gestützte Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung}}, keywords = {{Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, BNE, Nachhaltigkeit, MINT}}, title = {{{Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung MI(N)T-Denken – Hintergründe und Umsetzungsmöglichkeiten von BNE in MINT-Lehrkräftefortbildungen}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63675, abstract = {{Cobalt spinel (Co3O4) catalysts are widely studied in scope of the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER), yet the role of interfacial structural transformation under anodic bias remains under debate. Here, we employ an operando approach, combining a fast electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (EQCM-D), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Raman spectroscopy to investigate interfacial transformations of Co3O4 nanoparticle electrodes in alkaline electrolyte. We identify two distinct regimes during the anodic sweep prior to the macroscopic OER onset. At lower potentials, the catalyst interface remains mechanically rigid while reversibly associating several OH−/H2O species per oxidized cobalt site. At higher potentials, pronounced softening of the interface occurs alongside further uptake of electrolyte species. This indicates amorphization and a ‘swelling process’ beyond simple adsorption. Notably, an electrochemical conditioning treatment can suppress mass and compliance hysteresis without affecting OER activity, suggesting that most incorporated electrolyte species do not participate in the OER. EIS further reveals that OER intermediates form well below the apparent OER onset potential. These results advance our mechanistic understanding of interfacial transformations in cobalt-based OER catalysts and establish EQCM-D as a sensitive operando technique for probing electrocatalyst transformations.}}, author = {{Leppin, Christian and Placke‐Yan, Carsten and Bendt, Georg and Hernandez, Sheila and Tschulik, Kristina and Schulz, Stephan and Linnemann, Julia}}, issn = {{1867-3880}}, journal = {{ChemCatChem}}, keywords = {{electrocatalysis, Co3O4, EQCM-D, OER}}, number = {{2}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Interfacial Softening and Electrolyte Uptake in Co3O4 OER Catalysts: Insight from Operando Spectroscopy and Fast EQCM‐D}}}, doi = {{10.1002/cctc.202501104}}, volume = {{18}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63827, abstract = {{Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are becoming increasingly important across various sectors of the lighting industry and are being used more frequently. In the field of symbolic projection, research is increasingly focusing on implementing light modulation using energy-efficient, incoherent LEDs rather than lasers. Since light modulation in micro- and nano-optics is typically achieved through phase modulation, Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations are employed for analysis. The objective of this article is to investigate different approaches for approximating incoherent monochromatic light sources within FDTD simulations. To this end, two approaches based on dipole sources are considered, as well as a method involving plane waves with modulated wavefronts based on Cosine–Fourier functions and a method based on the superposition of Gaussian beams. These methods are evaluated in terms of their accuracy using a two-dimensional double-slit configuration and are compared against a fully incoherent analytical reference.}}, author = {{Metzner, Dominik and Potthoff, Jens and Zentgraf, Thomas and Förstner, Jens}}, issn = {{2304-6732}}, journal = {{Photonics}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_opticalantenna, tet_topic_numerics, tet_topic_meta}}, number = {{2}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Approximating Incoherent Monochromatic Light Sources in FDTD Simulations}}}, doi = {{10.3390/photonics13020128}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63881, abstract = {{Abstract The relationship between leptin levels and psychiatric disorders has been studied more extensively in adults than in children and adolescents. However, the results are conflicting. We investigated serum leptin levels in children and adolescents (11 to 18.9 years) with psychiatric disorders ( n  = 363). Absolute and relative (body-mass-index (BMI)-, sex- and pubertal-stage-adjusted z-scores using reference values of healthy children and adolescents) leptin levels of different patient groups according to diagnosis were compared. The association between leptin levels and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and anxiety (Child Behavior Checklist and Youth Self Report) was examined using regression analysis. Leptin z-scores were higher in patients with psychiatric disorders than in healthy controls (median 1.50, p  < .001). While global tests suggested differences in leptin z-scores between patients with different psychiatric disorders, these differences could not be attributed to diagnosis groups in post-hoc pairwise comparisons. Absolute leptin levels differed between psychiatric disorders ( p  < .001). Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) had the lowest levels, and patients with mood disorders had higher leptin levels than patients with mental disorders other than mood disorders, anxiety or AN. Neither absolute nor relative leptin levels were related to depressive or anxiety symptoms in regression models adjusted for sex and BMI. Significantly elevated BMI-, sex- and puberty-stage-adjusted leptin levels were observed in children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders compared to a reference sample. Further controlled studies are needed to confirm and explain this finding. No relationship was found between absolute or relative leptin levels and symptoms of depression or anxiety. }}, author = {{Albers, Nicola and Antel, Jochen and Föcker, Manuel and Libuda, Lars and Bühlmeier, Judith and Hirtz, Raphael and Seitz, Jochen and Hinney, Anke and Hebebrand, Johannes and Peters, Triinu}}, issn = {{1018-8827}}, journal = {{European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders have high relative leptin levels upon adjustment for sex, BMI, and pubertal status}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s00787-025-02921-4}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63880, author = {{Knoll-Pientka, Nadja and Schils, Dorina and Mantwill, Katrin and Dinse, Hannah and Skoda, Eva-Maria and Bäuerle, Alexander and Teufel, Martin and Libuda, Lars}}, issn = {{2055-0928}}, journal = {{BMC Nutrition}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Adherence to dietary recommendations according to the General Dietary Behavior Inventory (GDBI) and its association with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) parameters among young, healthy and normal weight women}}}, doi = {{10.1186/s40795-026-01260-0}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63883, abstract = {{Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are essential for fuel cells, yet conventional materials like Nafion suffer from humidity dependence and limited thermal stability. This study introduces sulfonated phenylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) as promising inorganic–organic hybrid PEMs, synthesized via surfactant-templating with varying alkyl chain lengths for different mesopore sizes. Post-synthetic functionalization involves nitration of phenylene moieties, reduction to amines, and ring-opening of propane or butane sultones to graft sulfonic acid groups via flexible spacers, achieving homogeneous distribution along pore walls. Post-functionalization is confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), revealing preserved 2D hexagonal p6mm ordering and phenylene stacking. N2 physisorption shows type IV isotherms with reduced pore volumes and pore sizes. 1H NMR is used to quantify functionalization degrees. Impedance spectroscopy on pressed pellets demonstrates proton conductivities up to 2 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 30 °C and 90% RH, depending on the functionalization degree, confirming sulfonic acid-mediated conduction.}}, author = {{Wagner, Tobias and Tiemann, Michael}}, issn = {{2079-4991}}, journal = {{Nanomaterials}}, number = {{3}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Proton-Conducting Sulfonated Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica}}}, doi = {{10.3390/nano16030203}}, volume = {{16}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{64182, abstract = {{Overcoming the slow kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode is a key challenge for the production of hydrogen via electrolysis. This reaction operates at very positive potentials, where the electrocatalyst is exposed to highly oxidative conditions and prone to potential-dependent transformation of the near-surface region. While substantial evidence for such surface restructuring exists, its extent and relevance for the catalyst’s activity are unclear. We address this topic for the case of Co3O4, one of the best-known electrocatalysts exhibiting surface restructuring, by studies of epitaxial (111)-ordered electrodeposited films with combined operando X-ray surface diffraction and absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements on rotating disk electrodes. Comparison of the as-prepared and annealed state of the same samples, which both are stable even under long-term oxygen evolution conditions, provides clear insight into the role of surface defects. Our results show that defect-free annealed Co3O4(111) surfaces are structurally stable over a wide potential range and hydroxylate via adsorption at surface oxygen and Co sites. Potential-induced surface restructuring of the Co3O4 lattice occurs only in the presence of surface defects, leading to the formation of the well-known nanometer-thick oxyhydroxide skin layer. The presence of this skin layer promotes oxygen evolution at low overpotentials but results in higher Tafel slopes. As a result, highly ordered Co3O4(111) surfaces are more active at high current densities than defective Co3O4 surfaces that undergo surface restructuring. These results highlight that strategies for catalyst surface defect engineering need to be application-oriented.}}, author = {{Scharf, Carl Hendric and Chandraraj, Alex and Dyk, Konrad and Stebner, Felix and Lepin, Sören and Tian, Jing and El Bergmi Byaz, Laila and Stettner, Jochim and Leppin, Christian and Kotova, Anastasiia and Reinke, Sebastian and Linnemann, Julia and Maroun, Fouad and Magnussen, Olaf M.}}, issn = {{2155-5435}}, journal = {{ACS Catalysis}}, keywords = {{electrocatalysis, oxygen evolution reaction, cobalt spinel, operando characterization}}, publisher = {{American Chemical Society (ACS)}}, title = {{{Role of Defects in Reversible Surface Restructuring and Activity of Co3O4 Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts}}}, doi = {{10.1021/acscatal.5c08785}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{64609, author = {{Kehne, Miriam and Anne-Christin, Roth}}, journal = {{Grundschule Sport}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{20--21}}, title = {{{Qualitätsentwicklung im Ganztag. Verbindliche und professionelle Kooperationsstrukturen etablieren}}}, volume = {{49}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{64859, abstract = {{This study investigated whether external effort mobilization through try-harder instructions enhances performance in complex motor tasks, as reflected by the reduction of costs associated with producing a deceptive action. Basketball passing movements with and without head fakes were examined in a reaction-time paradigm. Participants were generally instructed to initiate the movement as fast and accurately as possible, while try-harder instructions were presented in 25 % of trials, prompting participants to mobilize all their cognitive resources to perform even faster. To investigate if athletic expertise modulates the potential effects of effort mobilization, basketball novices and experienced players were tested. Results demonstrated that try-harder instructions generally improved participants’ performance, facilitating faster response initiation times and movement execution, as well as a specific reduction in initiation time variability. Novices benefited more than experienced players, indicating that effort results in greater improvement when complex motor actions (for example, passes with head fakes) are not yet fully stabilized and lack automated fluency. This pattern suggests that effort enhances performance in complex actions when performance is limited by the amount of cognitive capacity available, supporting the coordination of partly conflicting movement components within tight temporal constraints. The findings extend previous research on effort mobilization from simple to complex motor tasks. Try-harder instructions appear to enhance performance primarily by reducing attentional lapses rather than generally improving processing speed. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of effort mobilization in experienced athletes in situations of high concurrent cognitive load.}}, author = {{Böer, Nils Tobias and Steinborn, Michael B. and Weigelt, Matthias and Güldenpenning, Iris}}, issn = {{1469-0292}}, journal = {{Psychology of Sport and Exercise}}, keywords = {{Effort, Try-harder instruction, Deception, Basketball, Head fake, Fake production}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{Mobilizing effort in complex motor tasks: Try-harder instructions in deceptive actions}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.psychsport.2026.103083}}, volume = {{84}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{64864, abstract = {{Probing novel properties, arising from twisted interfaces, has traditionally relied on the stacking of exfoliated two-dimensional materials and the spontaneous formation of van der Waals bonds. So far, investigations involving intimate covalent or ionic bonds have not been a focus. Yet, we show here that an established technique, involving thermocompressional wafer bonding, works well for creating twisted non-van der Waals interfaces. We have successfully bonded z-cut lithium niobate single crystals to create ferroelectric oxide interfaces with strong polar discontinuities and have mapped the associated emergent interfacial conductivity. In some instances, a dramatic change in microstructure occurs, involving local dipolar switching. A twist-induced collapse in the capability of the system to effec8tively screen interfacial bound charge is implied. Importantly, this only occurs around specific moiré twist angles with sparse coincident lattices and associated short-range aperiodicity. In quasicrystals, aperiodicity is known to induce pseudo-bandgaps and we suspect a similar phenomenon here.}}, author = {{Rogers, Andrew and Holsgrove, Kristina and Schäfer, Nils A. and Koppitz, Boris and McCluskey, Conor J. and Yedama, Shivani and Lynch, Ronan and Sloan, Keelan and Porter, Barry and Sykes, Adam and Catalan Daniels, Alex and Silva, Romualdo S. and Bruno, Flavio Y. and Seddon, Sam D. and Lu, Haidong and Rüsing, Michael and Fink, Christa and Fahler-Muenzer, Philipp and Fearn, Sarah and Heutz, Sandrine E. M. and Hadjimichael, Marios and Ramasse, Quentin M. and Alexe, Marin and Kumar, Amit and McQuaid, Raymond G. P. and Gruverman, Alexei and Sanna, Simone and Eng, Lukas M. and Gregg, J. Marty}}, issn = {{2041-1723}}, journal = {{Nature Communications}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Polar discontinuities, emergent conductivity, and critical twist-angle-dependent behaviour at wafer-bonded ferroelectric interfaces}}}, doi = {{10.1038/s41467-026-68553-7}}, volume = {{17}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{64873, abstract = {{Continuous flow catalysis utilizing gel-bound organocatalysts within a microfluidic reactor represents a compelling strategy in the realm of organic synthesis. In this study, a quinuclidine-based catalytic monomer (QMA) was synthesized to create polymer gel dots through the process of photopolymerization that serve as a support for the catalyst. The resulting gel-bound organocatalysts were assembled within a continuous microfluidic reactor to facilitate the Baylis–Hillman reaction between various aldehydes and acrylonitrile at a temperature of 50 °C. The conversion of the product was assessed using 1H NMR spectroscopy as an offline analytical method over a duration of 8 h. The findings indicated that highly reactive aldehydes achieved conversion rates exceeding 90%, in contrast to their less reactive counterparts. Furthermore, these results were juxtaposed with previously published data derived from alternative synthetic methodologies, revealing that the continuous microfluidic reactions employing integrated organocatalysts within polymer networks exhibited significantly higher conversions with reduced reaction times (8 h) at the same temperature (50 °C). Additionally, the influence of different geometries (round, triangular, and square) of the gel dots on catalytic activity was investigated, with round and square gel dots demonstrating slightly superior performance compared with triangular gel dots, attributed to their increased surface area. Moreover, an extended reaction period of 6 days was conducted using 4-bromobenzaldehyde and acrylonitrile, resulting in a conversion rate exceeding 70%, which remained stable for 5 days before experiencing a slight decline due to product accumulation on the gel dots.}}, author = {{Killi, Naresh and Kumar, Amit and Nebhani, Leena and Obst, Franziska and Richter, Andreas and Reineke Matsudo, Bernhard and Zentgraf, Thomas and Kuckling, Dirk}}, issn = {{2470-1343}}, journal = {{ACS Omega}}, number = {{9}}, publisher = {{American Chemical Society (ACS)}}, title = {{{Integrating an Organocatalyst into a Polymeric Gel Framework for the Continuous Microflow Baylis–Hillman Reaction}}}, doi = {{10.1021/acsomega.5c09476}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{61523, abstract = {{AbstractMetasurface holography offers a powerful approach for manipulating wavefronts at the nano and micro scale. Extensive research has been conducted to enhance the multiplexing capacity for diverse wavefronts. However, the independence of multiplexed channels is fundamentally restricted in techniques using single‐layer metasurfaces, resulting in unavoidable crosstalk and the need for post‐filtering of the output wavefronts. Here, a universal wavefront multiplexing concept is presented based on non‐injective transformation. By employing joint optimization on two metasurfaces, different channels can be independently designed without any constraints on the output wavefronts. To validate this approach, ultra‐compact orbital angular momentum (OAM) sorters are designed. In these experiments, the output beams from different channels can be independently mapped to 2D positions with high fineness. In another application of wavefront‐multiplexed holography, 10‐channel multiplexing is experimentally achieved with minimal crosstalk and without the need for post‐processing. These results demonstrate the independence between channels enabled by the non‐injective transformation in the method. The precise wavefront control and high multiplexing capacity underscore its potential for scalable wavefront manipulation devices.}}, author = {{Jin, Xiao and Zentgraf, Thomas}}, issn = {{0935-9648}}, journal = {{Advanced Materials}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Independent Wavefront Multiplexing with Metasurfaces via Non‐Injective Transformation}}}, doi = {{10.1002/adma.202511823}}, volume = {{38}}, year = {{2026}}, } @inbook{36895, author = {{Webersen, Yvonne and Riese, Josef}}, booktitle = {{Demokratiebildung in der Lehrkräftebildung (Arbeitstitel). Paderborner Beiträge zur Bildungsforschung und Lehrkräftebildung.}}, editor = {{Becher, Andrea and Bloh, Bea and Herzig, Bardo and Pollmeier, Pascal}}, publisher = {{Waxmann}}, title = {{{Wie funktionieren (Pseudo)wissenschaften? Ein Seminarkonzept für angehende Lehrkräfte naturwissenschaftlicher Fächer}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{35700, author = {{Webersen, Yvonne and Delle, Anna Luisa}}, journal = {{Plus Lucis}}, pages = {{20--23}}, title = {{{Physikalische Pseudowissenschaften entlarven am Beispiel von „WaveGuard – der Handyhülle für den gesunden Schlaf“}}}, volume = {{01/2026}}, year = {{2026}}, } @inbook{62907, author = {{Fröhleke, Christoph and Habig, Sebastian and Fechner, Sabine}}, booktitle = {{Handlungsorientierung in der Ausbildung von Lehrkräften und pädagogischen Fachkräften}}, editor = {{Vogelsang, Christoph and Grotegut, Lea and Bruns, Julia and Riese, Josef and Fechner, Sabine}}, publisher = {{Waxmann}}, title = {{{Erfassung handlungsorientierter Kompetenzen im Chemiepraktikum - Inwiefern kann die Performanz von Lehramtsstudierenden bei Prozessentscheidungen diagnostiziert werden?}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{62956, author = {{Pollmeier, Pascal and Schulte, Talea and Ponath, Jonas and Fechner, Sabine}}, journal = {{Naturwissenschaften im Unterricht - Chemie}}, keywords = {{Digital, Digitalisierung, Nachhaltigkeit, Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, BNE, Lernumgebungen}}, title = {{{Lernprozesse im Chemieunterricht durch kontextorientierte digitale Lernumgebungen mit Messwerterfassung unterstützen}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{62948, author = {{Pollmeier, Pascal and Ponath, Jonas and Bohrmann-Linde, Claudia and Rubner, Isabel and Sommer, Katrin and Fechner, Sabine}}, journal = {{CHEMKON}}, keywords = {{Digital, Digitalisierung, Künstliche Intelligenz, KI, Messsensoren, Fortbildung, Lehrkräfte, Chemie}}, title = {{{Digital und praxisnah: Was Chemielehrkräfte sich von (digitalisierungsbezogenen) Fortbildungen wünschen}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @inbook{62947, author = {{Grandrath, Rebecca and Cornelius, Soraya and Pollmeier, Pascal and Fechner, Sabine and Bohrmann-Linde, Claudia and Rubner, Isabel}}, booktitle = {{Sammelband MINT in der Buchreihe Kompetenzzentren für digital gestützte Schul- und Unterrichtsentwicklung}}, keywords = {{Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, BNE, Nachhaltigkeit, Digitalisierung, Digital, KI, Künstliche Intelligenz, Chemie, Chemieunterricht}}, title = {{{Beiträge des ComeNet Chemie zur digitalen Transformation des Chemieunterrichts}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @inproceedings{62885, author = {{Osnabrügge, Malin and Tenberge, Claudia and Fechner, Sabine}}, keywords = {{Artificial intelligence, primary education, science and technology education}}, location = {{Norrköping, Sweden}}, title = {{{Artificial Intelligence in primary science and technology education with a focus on implementation of AI in learning context – Results of a Scoping Review}}}, year = {{2026}}, } @article{63099, abstract = {{Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) employing double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) offers a promising, species-specific approach for protecting crops from insect pests such as the cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala). However, the environmental instability of dsRNA presents a major limitation to its field application. In this study, we evaluate two distinct dsRNA formulation strategies for improved stability and delivery: a bottom-up approach using chitosan-based interpolyelectrolyte complexes (IPEC) and a top-down approach employing functionalized mesoporous silica carriers (SBA-15). Both systems were comprehensively characterized in terms of size, surface potential, porosity, and release behavior. The results revealed that IPECs exhibited release kinetics that were approximately one order of magnitude faster than those of SBA-15 across all tested conditions. The two formulations significantly improved dsRNA stability against UV and heat exposure compared to free dsRNA. In feeding assays with P. chrysocephala, both carriers achieved comparable gene silencing efficacy, though dsRNA@IPEC induced more immediate effects, while dsRNA@SBA-15 displayed delayed but ultimately stronger reduction in consumed leaf area, consistent with its slower release kinetics. We demonstrate that despite structural and mechanistic differences, both delivery platforms effectively stabilized and delivered dsRNA, and offered distinct advantages depending on application needs. This work highlights how formulation strategies are key to successful SIGS and supports the development of robust, field-adaptable formulation technologies for sustainable pest management.}}, author = {{Moorlach, Benjamin W. and Epkenhans, Robert and Ju, Di and Ravidas, Banuja and Weinberger, Christian and Tiemann, Michael and Buente, Judith and Gaerner, Maik and Wortmann, Martin and Scholten, Stefan and Rostas, Michael and Keil, Waldemar and Patel, Anant V.}}, issn = {{0141-8130}}, journal = {{International Journal of Biological Macromolecules}}, publisher = {{Elsevier BV}}, title = {{{DsRNA-based carriers with pH-tuneable release kinetics for effective control of Psylliodes chrysocephala}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149697}}, volume = {{338}}, year = {{2026}}, }