The present article offers an assessment of intra-individual variability in visualattention using the Theory of Visual Attention, which provides a formal framework forquantifying attentional components. We specifically investigated overall attentionalcapacity – that is, the available processing speed – and its distribution, the relativeattentional weight.By reanalyzing a large existing dataset from Tünnermann and Scharlau (2021),we found that across multiple testing days, participants either remained stable within a20 Hz margin or showed consistent improvements in capacity – in some cases triplingtheir initial capacity. The weights in response to salient stimuli were remarkablyconsistent.To determine whether increases in capacity reflect pure test-retest effects or arefacilitated by consolidation between days, and to quantify within-day variability, weconducted a second study in which participants completed five self-administeredsessions within a single day. Capacities remained within the same magnitude and didnot show a consistent directional trend. The relative weights exhibited comparativelylittle variation in most participants, akin to the previously analyzed dataset. Further,estimation uncertainty increased with higher capacity values.These results suggest that capacity may be subject to training effects, but thatsuch improvements appear to depend on longer breaks between sessions. This hasimportant implications for individualized assessment: A personal prior could beestimated from a single session to accelerate future estimations, as long as subsequentsessions occur on the same day. Participants with higher capacities may require tailoredexperimentation methods when small to medium effects are of interest, due to increaseduncertainty.
}}, author = {{Banh, Ngoc Chi and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, publisher = {{Center for Open Science}}, title = {{{Intra-individual variability in TVA attentional capacity and weight distribution: A reanalysis across days and an experiment within-day}}}, year = {{2025}}, } @inproceedings{53069, author = {{Banh, Ngoc Chi and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, location = {{Regensburg}}, title = {{{Effects of task difficulty on visual processing speed}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{54889, abstract = {{To reach the goal of zero traffic fatalities a year, one building block is the proposition to develop advanced assistance systems for vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as bicyclists. We focus on the dooring problem, i.e., car doors being opened inattentively in the way of an approaching cyclist. We extended our vehicle to everything (V2X) communication-enabled virtual cycling environment for dooring experiments. Our system extends toolkits that are widely used in the V2X research community. We showcase how such a system may be used to realize and evaluate distributed algorithms for VRU safety solutions such as dooring prevention.}}, author = {{Stratmann, Lukas and Banh, Ngoc Chi and Scharlau, Ingrid and Dressler, Falko}}, booktitle = {{ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC 2024), Advanced tools, programming languages, and PLatforms for Implementing and Evaluating algorithms for Distributed systems (ApPLIED 2024)}}, publisher = {{Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)}}, title = {{{Safety Assistance Systems for Bicyclists: Toward Empirical Studies of the Dooring Problem}}}, doi = {{10.1145/3663338.3665831}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{53816, abstract = {{Augmented (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies have been applied very broadly in the recent past. While prior work emphasizes the potential of these technologies in various application domains, the process of visual attention in and across the contexts of AR/VR environments is not exhaustively explored yet. By now, visual attention in AR/VR environments has majorly been studied by means of overt attention (i.e. saccadic eye movements), self-report, and process-related visual attention proxies (like reaction time). In this work, we analyze covert visual attention based on the (psychological) Theory of Visual Attention (TVA), which allows us to quantify theory-based interpretable properties of the visual attention process. For example, the TVA allows us to measure the overall processing speed. We instantiate this TVA-based framework with a 30-participant explorative within-subjects study. The results show a decisive difference in visual attention between Reality (i.e. the neutral condition) and Virtual Reality and a weak difference between Reality and Augmented Reality. We discuss the consequences of our findings and provide ideas for future studies.}}, author = {{Biermeier, Kai and Scharlau, Ingrid and Yigitbas, Enes}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (PETRA 2024)}}, keywords = {{Visual Attention, TVA, Cognitive Modelling, Bayesian Modelling, AR, VR}}, publisher = {{ACM}}, title = {{{Measuring Visual Attention Capacity Across xReality}}}, doi = {{10.1145/3652037.3652050}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{55721, author = {{Stock, Ingrid and Karsten, Andrea and Eik-Nes, Nancy Lea}}, booktitle = {{40 Begriffe für eine Schreibwissenschaft. Konzeptuelle Perspektiven auf Praxis und Praktiken des Schreibens}}, editor = {{Karsten, Andrea and Haacke-Werron, Stefanie}}, pages = {{75--82}}, publisher = {{wbv}}, title = {{{Knowledge telling und knowledge transforming. Eine dialogische Perspektive}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{55723, author = {{Karsten, Andrea and Bertau, Marie-Cécile}}, booktitle = {{40 Begriffe für eine Schreibwissenschaft. Konzeptuelle Perspektiven auf Praxis und Praktiken des Schreibens}}, editor = {{Karsten, Andrea and Haacke-Werron, Stefanie}}, pages = {{261--267}}, publisher = {{wbv}}, title = {{{Stimme. Eine dialogische Perspektive}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @book{32394, editor = {{Karsten, Andrea and Haacke-Werron, Stefanie}}, publisher = {{wbv}}, title = {{{40 Begriffe für eine Schreibwissenschaft. Konzeptuelle Perspektiven auf Praxis und Praktiken des Schreibens}}}, doi = {{https://dx.doi.org/10.3278/9783763976584}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{55720, author = {{Haacke-Werron, Stefanie and Karsten, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{40 Begriffe für eine Schreibwissenschaft. Konzeptuelle Perspektiven auf Praxis und Praktiken des Schreibens}}, editor = {{Karsten, Andrea and Haacke-Werron, Stefanie}}, pages = {{11--14}}, publisher = {{wbv}}, title = {{{Einleitung}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{55722, author = {{Karsten, Andrea}}, booktitle = {{40 Begriffe für eine Schreibwissenschaft. Konzeptuelle Perspektiven auf Praxis und Praktiken des Schreibens}}, editor = {{Karsten, Andrea and Haacke-Werron, Stefanie}}, pages = {{213--220}}, title = {{{Schreibprozess. Eine dialogische sprachpsychologische Perspektive}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{53072, abstract = {{Negated statements require more processing efforts than assertions. However, in certain contexts, repeating negations undergo adaptation, which over time mitigates the effort. Here, we ask negations hamper visual processing and whether consecutive repetitions mitigate its influence. We assessed the overall attentional capacity and its distribution, the relative weight, quantitatively using the formal Theory of Visual Attention (TVA). We employed a very simple form for negations, binary negations. Negated instructions, expressing the only alternative to the core supposition, were cognitively demanding, resulting in a loss of attentional capacity in three experiments. The overall attentional capacity recovered gradually but stagnated at a lower level than with assertions, even after many repetitions. Additionally, negations distributed the attention equally between target and reference stimulus. Repetitions slightly increased the reference' share of attention. Assertions, on the other hand, shifted the attentional weight towards the target. Few repetitions slightly decreased the bias towards the target, many repetitions increased the bias.}}, author = {{Banh, Ngoc Chi and Tünnermann, Jan and Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Scharlau, Ingrid}}, journal = {{Frontiers in Psychology}}, title = {{{Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution}}}, doi = {{10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{48595, author = {{Peters, Tobias Martin and Visser, Roel W.}}, booktitle = {{Communications in Computer and Information Science}}, isbn = {{9783031440694}}, issn = {{1865-0929}}, publisher = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}}, title = {{{The Importance of Distrust in AI}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-44070-0_15}}, year = {{2023}}, } @inbook{42641, author = {{Scharlau, Ingrid}}, booktitle = {{Wissenschaftsdidaktik II: Einzelne Disziplinen}}, editor = {{Reinmann, Gabi and Rhein, Rüdiger}}, isbn = {{ 978-3-8376-6295-5}}, keywords = {{Unterrichtsfach Psychologie}}, pages = {{49--74}}, publisher = {{transcript}}, title = {{{Wissenschaft und Alltagserfahrung: Überlegungen zur Wissenschaftsdidaktik der Psychologie}}}, year = {{2023}}, } @article{48777, abstract = {{