TY - GEN AU - Gu, Yiguan AU - Hehenkamp, Burkhard AU - Leininger, Wolfgang ID - 1056 TI - Evolutionary Equilibrium in Stochastic Contests - Entry, Effort, and Overdissipation ER - TY - GEN AB - In actual school choice applications the theoretical underpinnings of the Boston School Choice Mechanism (BM) (complete information and rationality of the agents) are often not given. We analyze the actual behavior of agents in such a matching mechanism, using data from the matching mechanism currently used in a clearinghouse at a faculty of Business Administration and Economics at a German university, where a variant of the BM is used, and supplement this data with data generated in a survey among students who participated in the clearinghouse. We find that under the current mechanism over 70% of students act strategically. Controlling for students' limited information, we find that they do act rationally in their decision to act strategically. While students thus seem to react to the incentives to act strategically under the BM, they do not seem to be able to use this to their own advantage. However, those students acting in line with their beliefs manage a significantly better personal outcome than those who do not. We also run simulations by using a variant of the deferred acceptance algorithm, adapted to our situation, to show that the use of a different algorithm may be to the students' advantage. AU - Hoyer, Britta AU - Stroh-Maraun, Nadja ID - 1083 TI - Matching Strategies of Heterogeneous Agents under Incomplete Information in a University Clearinghouse VL - 110 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, T. AU - Grundmann, R. AU - Palnau, Irene AU - Redlin, Margarete ID - 1372 IS - 2 JF - International Economics and Economic Policy SN - 1612-4804 TI - Innovations, growth and participation in advanced economies - a review of major concepts and findings VL - 14 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmitz, Hendrik AU - Ziebarth, Nicolas R. ID - 15260 IS - 1 JF - Journal of Human Resources SN - 0022-166X TI - Does Price Framing Affect the Consumer Price Sensitivity of Health Plan Choice? VL - 52 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schmitz, Hendrik AU - Westphal, Matthias ID - 2635 JF - Journal of Health Economics TI - Informal Care and Long-term Labor Market Outcomes VL - 56 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Büyükdurmus, Tugba AU - Kopetsch, Thomas AU - Schmitz, Hendrik AU - Tauchmann, Harald ID - 3082 IS - 2 JF - Health Economics Review TI - On the interdependence of ambulatory and hospital care in the German health system VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Grundmann, R. AU - Palnau, Irene AU - Redlin, Margarete ID - 1371 IS - 1 JF - International Economics and Economic Policy SN - 1612-4804 TI - Technology diffusion, international integration and participation in developing economies - a review of major concepts and findings VL - 15 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Haake, Claus-Jochen ID - 2527 IS - 4 JF - Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy SN - 1554-8597 TI - Towards an Economic Theory of Destabilization War VL - 22 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Brangewitz, Sonja AU - Brockhoff, Sarah ID - 2540 JF - European Journal of Political Economy SN - 0176-2680 TI - Sustainability of coalitional equilibria within repeated tax competition VL - 49 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Kraft, Manfred AU - Simon, Manuel ID - 2810 IS - 95 JF - Papers in Regional Science TI - Explaining inter-provincial migration in China VL - 4 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Haake, Claus-Jochen ID - 2811 IS - 4 JF - Peace Economics and Peace Science TI - Towards an Economic Theory of Destabilization War VL - 22 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Jungblut, Stefan AU - Naudé, Wim ID - 2813 IS - 2 JF - International Journal of Economic Theory TI - The Entrepreneurship Beveridge Curve VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN AB - On an intermediate goods market we consider vertical and horizontal product differentiation and analyze the impact of simultaneous competition for resources and the demand of customers on the market outcome. Asymmetries between intermediaries may arise due to distinct product qualities as well as by reasons of different production technologies. The intermediaries compete on the output market by choosing production quantities sequentially and for the supplies of a monopolistic input supplier on the input market. It turns out that there exist differences in product quality and productivities such that an intermediary being the Stackelberg leader has no incentive to procure inputs, whereas in the role of the Stackelberg follower will participate in the market. Moreover, we find that given an intermediary is more competitive, his equilibrium output quantity is higher when being the leader than when being the follower. Interestingly, if the intermediary is less competitive and goods are complements, there may exist asymmetries such that an intermediary being in the position of the Stackelberg follower offers higher output quantities in equilibrium than when being in the position of the Stackelberg leader. AU - Manegold, Jochen ID - 2570 KW - Input Market KW - Product Quality KW - Quantity Competition KW - Stackelberg Competition KW - Product Innovation TI - Stackelberg Competition among Intermediaries in a Differentiated Duopoly with Product Innovation VL - 98 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Kamhöfer, Daniel A. AU - Schmitz, Hendrik ID - 2687 IS - 5 JF - Journal of Applied Econometrics SN - 0883-7252 TI - Reanalyzing Zero Returns to Education in Germany VL - 31 ER - TY - JOUR AB - On an intermediate goods market with asymmetric production technologies as well as vertical and horizontal product differentiation we analyze the influence of simultaneous competition for resources and customers. The intermediaries face either price or quantity competition on the output market and a monopolistic, strategically acting supplier on the input market. We find that there exist quality and productivity differences such that for quantity competition only one intermediary is willing to procure inputs from the input supplier, while for price competition both intermediaries are willing to purchase inputs. Moreover, the well-known welfare advantage of price competition can in general be no longer confirmed in our model with an endogenous input market and asymmetric intermediaries. AU - Brangewitz, Sonja AU - Manegold, Jochen ID - 211 IS - 6 JF - Theoretical Economics Letters TI - Competition of Intermediaries in a Differentiated Duopoly VL - 6 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We study a game between a network designer, who uses costly links to connect nodes in a network, and a network disruptor who tries to disrupt the resulting network as much as possible by deleting either nodes or links. For low linking costs networks with all nodes in symmetric positions are a best response of the designer under both link deletion and node deletion. For high linking costs the designer builds a star network under link deletion, but for node deletion excludes some nodes from the network to build a smaller but stronger network. For intermediate linking costs the designer again builds a symmetric network under node deletion but a star‐like network with weak spots under link deletion. AU - Hoyer, Britta AU - De Jaegher, Kris ID - 1919 IS - 5 JF - Journal of Public Economic Theory SN - 1097-3923 TI - Strategic Network Disruption and Defense VL - 18 ER - TY - JOUR AB - We construct two-player two-strategy game-theoretic models of by-product mutualism, where our focus lies on the way in which the probability of cooperation among players is affected by the degree of adversity facing the players. In our first model, cooperation consists of the production of a public good, and adversity is linked to the degree of complementarity of the players׳ efforts in producing the public good. In our second model, cooperation consists of the defense of a public, and/or a private good with by-product benefits, and adversity is measured by the number of random attacks (e.g., by a predator) facing the players. In both of these models, our analysis confirms the existence of the so-called boomerang effect, which states that in a harsh environment, the individual player has few incentives to unilaterally defect in a situation of joint cooperation. Focusing on such an effect in isolation leads to the "common-enemy" hypothesis that a larger degree of adversity increases the probability of cooperation. Yet, we also find that a sucker effect may simultaneously exist, which says that in a harsh environment, the individual player has few incentives to unilaterally cooperate in a situation of joint defection. Looked at in isolation, the sucker effect leads to the competing hypothesis that a larger degree of adversity decreases the probability of cooperation. Our analysis predicts circumstances in which the "common enemy" hypothesis prevails, and circumstances in which the competing hypothesis prevails. AU - De Jaegher, Kris AU - Hoyer, Britta ID - 1922 JF - Journal of Theoretical Biology SN - 0022-5193 TI - By-product mutualism and the ambiguous effects of harsher environments – A game-theoretic model VL - 393 ER - TY - GEN AB - We study the willingness to compete in a cognitive task among an entire cohort of fresh man business and economics students. Combining data from a lab-in-thefield experiment with university admissions data, we trace the gender gap in competitiveness at different levels of high school performance. Our results confirm that, on average, men choose to compete more often. The gender gap disappears, however, among students with above average high school performance. Female high school top performers are equally competitive as their male counterparts. In fact, the overall gender gap is entirely driven by the group of female high school underperformers who shied away from competition, even when they performed well in our task. Overall, our findings suggest that high school grades are more than just a signal of cognitive abilities, because they seem to influence the receivers selfperception of his or her performance in a competitive environment involved in later on in life. AU - Hoyer, Britta AU - van Huizen, Tomas AU - Keijzer, Linda AU - Rezai Khavas, Tahere AU - Rosenkranz, Stephanie ID - 2252 TI - Do talented women shy away from competition? VL - 16-06 ER - TY - GEN AB - While Islamic State is the most present example, it is a fact that in many places around the globe, throughout history initially small groups have tried to challenge and destabilize or even overthrow governments by means of terrorist and guerrilla strategies. Therefore, we answer two questions. Why does a small group of insurgents believe it can overthrow the government by turning violent, even if the government is clearly superior? And how does a conflict develop into terrorism, a guerilla war, or a major conventional civil war, or is resolved peacefully? We develop a formal model for rebels and government and derive optimal choices. Further, we focus on three elements as important ingredients of a "destabilization war". All three of these - large random events, time preference (which we relate to ideology), and choice of duration of fight - are rarely considered in formal conflict theory. We can answer the above two questions using game theory analysis. First, insurgents rise up because they hope to destabilize through permanent challenging attacks. In this context, large randomness is an important ally of rebels. While each individual attack may have a low impact, at some point a large random event could lead to success. Hence, the duration of activities is a constitutive element of this kind of armed conflict. Patience (low time preference), which may reflect rebels' degree of ideological motivation, is crucial. Second, the mode of warfare or the conflict resolutions that develop are generally path-dependent and conditioned on the full set of options (including compromise). Various conditions (level of funding, ease of recruitment, access to weapons) influence different modes of warfare or a peaceful compromise in a complex way. AU - Gries, Thomas AU - Haake, Claus-Jochen ID - 8836 KW - terrorism KW - civil war KW - conflict duration KW - game theory KW - stochastic process KW - ideology TI - An Economic Theory of 'Destabilization War' VL - 95 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Schiele, Valentin AU - Schmitz, Hendrik ID - 2688 JF - Journal of Health Economics TI - Quantile treatment effects of job loss on health VL - 49 ER -