[{"status":"public","publication":"Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","_id":"48533","citation":{"apa":"Kakande, J. N., Philipo, G. H., &#38; Krauter, S. (2023). Demand side management potential of refrigeration appliances. <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference</i>. 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference, Marrakech, Morocco.","mla":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, et al. “Demand Side Management Potential of Refrigeration Appliances.” <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference</i>, 2023.","short":"J.N. Kakande, G.H. Philipo, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference, 2023.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kakande_Philipo_Krauter_2023, title={Demand side management potential of refrigeration appliances}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference}, author={Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2023} }","ieee":"J. N. Kakande, G. H. Philipo, and S. Krauter, “Demand side management potential of refrigeration appliances,” presented at the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 2023.","chicago":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, Godiana Hagile Philipo, and Stefan Krauter. “Demand Side Management Potential of Refrigeration Appliances.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference</i>, 2023.","ama":"Kakande JN, Philipo GH, Krauter S. Demand side management potential of refrigeration appliances. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference</i>. ; 2023."},"year":"2023","conference":{"end_date":"2023-11-10","location":"Marrakech, Morocco","name":"2023 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica Conference","start_date":"2023-11-06"},"title":"Demand side management potential of refrigeration appliances","date_created":"2023-10-27T13:35:46Z","author":[{"first_name":"Josephine Nakato","full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","id":"88649","last_name":"Kakande"},{"full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile","id":"88505","last_name":"Philipo","first_name":"Godiana Hagile"},{"full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","first_name":"Stefan"}],"date_updated":"2023-10-29T09:26:55Z"},{"citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Philipo_Kakande_Krauter_2023, title={Demand-Side-Management for Optimal dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya}, author={Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2023} }","mla":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile, et al. “Demand-Side-Management for Optimal Dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid.” <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya</i>, 2023.","short":"G.H. Philipo, J.N. Kakande, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya, 2023.","apa":"Philipo, G. H., Kakande, J. N., &#38; Krauter, S. (2023). Demand-Side-Management for Optimal dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid. <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya</i>. IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya.","chicago":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile, Josephine Nakato Kakande, and Stefan Krauter. “Demand-Side-Management for Optimal Dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya</i>, 2023.","ieee":"G. H. Philipo, J. N. Kakande, and S. Krauter, “Demand-Side-Management for Optimal dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid,” presented at the IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya, 2023.","ama":"Philipo GH, Kakande JN, Krauter S. Demand-Side-Management for Optimal dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya</i>. ; 2023."},"year":"2023","conference":{"start_date":"2023-09-20","name":"IEEE AFRICON","location":" Nairobi, Kenya","end_date":"2023-09-22"},"title":"Demand-Side-Management for Optimal dispatch of an Isolated Solar Microgrid","date_created":"2023-10-27T13:30:45Z","author":[{"first_name":"Godiana Hagile","last_name":"Philipo","full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile","id":"88505"},{"full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","id":"88649","last_name":"Kakande","first_name":"Josephine Nakato"},{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter"}],"date_updated":"2023-10-29T09:28:15Z","status":"public","publication":"Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE AFRICON,  Nairobi, Kenya","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","_id":"48531"},{"title":"Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania","doi":"10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635","date_updated":"2024-07-31T08:06:34Z","publisher":"IEEE","date_created":"2024-07-31T08:05:15Z","author":[{"last_name":"Mwammenywa","full_name":"Mwammenywa, Ibrahim","first_name":"Ibrahim"},{"first_name":"Ulrich","id":"20179","full_name":"Hilleringmann, Ulrich","last_name":"Hilleringmann"}],"year":"2023","citation":{"ama":"Mwammenywa I, Hilleringmann U. Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania. In: <i>2023 IEEE AFRICON</i>. IEEE; 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>","chicago":"Mwammenywa, Ibrahim, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. “Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania.” In <i>2023 IEEE AFRICON</i>. IEEE, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>.","ieee":"I. Mwammenywa and U. Hilleringmann, “Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania,” 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>.","apa":"Mwammenywa, I., &#38; Hilleringmann, U. (2023). Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania. <i>2023 IEEE AFRICON</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Mwammenywa_Hilleringmann_2023, title={Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>}, booktitle={2023 IEEE AFRICON}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Mwammenywa, Ibrahim and Hilleringmann, Ulrich}, year={2023} }","short":"I. Mwammenywa, U. Hilleringmann, in: 2023 IEEE AFRICON, IEEE, 2023.","mla":"Mwammenywa, Ibrahim, and Ulrich Hilleringmann. “Analysis of Electricity Power Generation and Load Profiles in Solar PV Microgrids in Rural Villages of East Africa: Case of Mpale Village in Tanzania.” <i>2023 IEEE AFRICON</i>, IEEE, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635\">10.1109/africon55910.2023.10293635</a>."},"publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"55449","user_id":"16148","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","publication":"2023 IEEE AFRICON"},{"publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783847427506"]},"citation":{"chicago":"Heinemann, Alisha, Yasemin Karakaşoğlu, Tobias Linnemann, Nadine Rose, and Tanja Sturm, eds. <i>Entgrenzungen. Beiträge Zum 28. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Erziehungswissenschaft</i>. Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750\">https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750</a>.","ieee":"A. Heinemann, Y. Karakaşoğlu, T. Linnemann, N. Rose, and T. Sturm, Eds., <i>Entgrenzungen. Beiträge zum 28. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft</i>. Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2023.","ama":"Heinemann A, Karakaşoğlu Y, Linnemann T, Rose N, Sturm T, eds. <i>Entgrenzungen. Beiträge Zum 28. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Erziehungswissenschaft</i>. Verlag Barbara Budrich; 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750\">10.3224/84742750</a>","bibtex":"@book{Heinemann_Karakaşoğlu_Linnemann_Rose_Sturm_2023, title={Entgrenzungen. Beiträge zum 28. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750\">10.3224/84742750</a>}, publisher={Verlag Barbara Budrich}, year={2023} }","short":"A. Heinemann, Y. Karakaşoğlu, T. Linnemann, N. Rose, T. Sturm, eds., Entgrenzungen. Beiträge Zum 28. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Erziehungswissenschaft, Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2023.","mla":"Heinemann, Alisha, et al., editors. <i>Entgrenzungen. Beiträge Zum 28. Kongress Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Erziehungswissenschaft</i>. Verlag Barbara Budrich, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750\">10.3224/84742750</a>.","apa":"Heinemann, A., Karakaşoğlu, Y., Linnemann, T., Rose, N., &#38; Sturm, T. (Eds.). (2023). <i>Entgrenzungen. Beiträge zum 28. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft</i>. Verlag Barbara Budrich. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750\">https://doi.org/10.3224/84742750</a>"},"year":"2023","date_created":"2024-07-31T08:12:06Z","publisher":"Verlag Barbara Budrich","date_updated":"2024-07-31T08:36:47Z","doi":"10.3224/84742750","title":"Entgrenzungen. Beiträge zum 28. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft","type":"book_editor","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:p>Globalisierung, Digitalisierung, Klimawandel, Migrationsbewegungen und Pandemie gestalten nicht nur unseren Alltag, sondern auch die Wissenschaft neu. Angesichts dieser gesellschaftlich tiefgreifenden Veränderungen werden Grenzen und ihre Überwindung zu immer zentraleren Herausforderungen, auch für die pädagogischen Forschungsfelder. Der Band versammelt vielfältige Beitrage zum Thema Entgrenzungen und richtet dabei den Blick auf Ent- und Begrenzung in ihrer Bedeutung für Bildung, Erziehung und Sozialisation.</jats:p>"}],"editor":[{"first_name":"Alisha","full_name":"Heinemann, Alisha","last_name":"Heinemann"},{"first_name":"Yasemin","full_name":"Karakaşoğlu, Yasemin","last_name":"Karakaşoğlu"},{"full_name":"Linnemann, Tobias","last_name":"Linnemann","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Rose","full_name":"Rose, Nadine","first_name":"Nadine"},{"first_name":"Tanja","full_name":"Sturm, Tanja","last_name":"Sturm"}],"user_id":"16148","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"_id":"55450"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","_id":"59457","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:p>The realization of a carbon-neutral civilization, which has been set as a goal for the coming decades, goes directly hand-in-hand with the need for an energy system based on renewable energies (REs). Due to the strong weather-related, daily, and seasonal fluctuations in supply of REs, suitable energy storage devices must be included for such energy systems. For this purpose, an energy system model featuring hybrid energy storage consisting of a hydrogen unit (for long-term storage) and a lithium-ion storage device (for short-term storage) was developed. With a proper design, such a system can ensure a year-round energy supply by using electricity generated by photovoltaics (PVs). In the energy system that was investigated, hydrogen (H2) was produced by using an electrolyser (ELY) with a PV surplus during the summer months and then stored in an H2 tank. During the winter, due to the lack of PV power, the H2 is converted back into electricity and heat by a fuel cell (FC). While the components of such a system are expensive, a resource- and cost-efficient layout is important. For this purpose, a Matlab/Simulink model that enabled an energy balance analysis and a component lifetime forecast was developed. With this model, the results of extensive parameter studies allowed an optimized system layout to be created for specific applications. The parameter studies covered different focal points. Several ELY and FC layouts, different load characteristics, different system scales, different weather conditions, and different load levels—especially in winter with variations in heating demand—were investigated.</jats:p>"}],"publication":"Hydrogen","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.3390/hydrogen4030028","title":"Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System","volume":4,"author":[{"last_name":"Möller","full_name":"Möller, Marius Claus","id":"72391","first_name":"Marius Claus"},{"last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","first_name":"Stefan"}],"date_created":"2025-04-09T12:08:15Z","date_updated":"2025-04-09T12:09:46Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","intvolume":"         4","page":"408-433","citation":{"apa":"Möller, M. C., &#38; Krauter, S. (2023). Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System. <i>Hydrogen</i>, <i>4</i>(3), 408–433. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>","bibtex":"@article{Möller_Krauter_2023, title={Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>}, number={3}, journal={Hydrogen}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Möller, Marius Claus and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2023}, pages={408–433} }","mla":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System.” <i>Hydrogen</i>, vol. 4, no. 3, MDPI AG, 2023, pp. 408–33, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>.","short":"M.C. Möller, S. Krauter, Hydrogen 4 (2023) 408–433.","chicago":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System.” <i>Hydrogen</i> 4, no. 3 (2023): 408–33. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>.","ieee":"M. C. Möller and S. Krauter, “Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System,” <i>Hydrogen</i>, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 408–433, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>.","ama":"Möller MC, Krauter S. Investigation of Different Load Characteristics, Component Dimensioning, and System Scaling for the Optimized Design of a Hybrid Hydrogen-Based PV Energy System. <i>Hydrogen</i>. 2023;4(3):408-433. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030028\">10.3390/hydrogen4030028</a>"},"year":"2023","issue":"3","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2673-4141"]},"publication_status":"published"},{"year":"2022","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_Möller_2022, title={Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg and Möller, Marius Claus}, year={2022} }","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, et al. “Microinverter Testing Update Using High Power Modules: Efficiency, Yield, and Conformity to a New ”estimation Formula” for Variation of PV Panel Size.” <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>, 2022.","short":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, M.C. Möller, in: Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2022.","apa":"Krauter, S., Bendfeld, J., &#38; Möller, M. C. (2022). Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size. <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>. 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Philadelphia, PA, USA.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, Jörg Bendfeld, and Marius Claus Möller. “Microinverter Testing Update Using High Power Modules: Efficiency, Yield, and Conformity to a New ”estimation Formula” for Variation of PV Panel Size.” In <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>, 2022.","ieee":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, and M. C. Möller, “Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size,” presented at the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2022.","ama":"Krauter S, Bendfeld J, Möller MC. Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size. In: <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>. ; 2022."},"date_updated":"2022-07-11T06:58:40Z","date_created":"2022-07-08T07:52:03Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","first_name":"Stefan"},{"first_name":"Jörg","id":"16148","full_name":"Bendfeld, Jörg","last_name":"Bendfeld"},{"full_name":"Möller, Marius Claus","id":"72391","last_name":"Möller","first_name":"Marius Claus"}],"title":"Microinverter testing update using high power modules: Efficiency, yield, and conformity to a new ”estimation formula” for variation of PV panel size","conference":{"location":"Philadelphia, PA, USA","end_date":"2022-06-10","start_date":"2022-06-05","name":"49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference"},"type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The market for microinverters is growing, especially in Europe. Driven by the strongly rising prices for electricity, many small photovoltaic energy systems are being installed. Since monitoring for these plants is often quite costly, their yields are often not logged. Since 2014, microinverters have been studied at the University of Paderborn. The investigations are divided into indoor and outdoor tests. In the indoor area conversion efficiencies as a function of load have been measured with high accuracy and ranked according to Euro- and CEC weightings. In the outdoor laboratory, the behavior in the real world is tested. Energy yields have been measured outdoors via identical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules. Here, the investigations were carried out with modules of the power of 215 Wp until the year 2020. Because of the increasing module power nowadays, modules with an output of 360 Wp are now being used. To assess the influence of PV module size, two extremes have been investigated: A rather small module with 215 Wp - as it has been used 10 years ago, and a brand-new module (2021) offering 360 Wp. Both types of modules contain 60 solar cells in series connection. Appling the low-power modules, the challenge for the different micro-inverters has been during weak-light conditions, using the high-power modules, some inverters temporarily reach their power limits and yield is reduced. A method using a reference configuration of inverter & module and a linear equation resulting in the actual yield, any module & inverter configuration can be characterized by just the two coefficients."}],"status":"public","_id":"32334","user_id":"16148","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"_id":"32333","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","type":"conference","abstract":[{"text":"This paper provides a hybrid energy system model created in Matlab/Simulink which is based on photovoltaics as its main energy source. The model includes a hybrid energy storage which consists of a short-term lithium-ion battery and hydrogen as long-term storage to ensure autonomy even during periods of low PV production (e.g., in winter). The sectors heat and electricity are coupled by using the waste-heat generated by production and reconversion of hydrogen through an electrolyser respectively a fuel cell. A heat pump has been considered to cover the residual heat demand (for well insulated homes). Within this paper a model of the space heating system as well as the hot water heating system is presented. The model is designed for the simulation and analysis of a whole year energy flow by using a time series of loads, weather and heat profiles as input. Moreover, results of the energy balance within the energy system by simulation of a complete year by varying the orientation (elevation and azimuth) of the PV system and the component sizing, such as the lithium-ion battery capacity, are presented. It turned out that a high amount of heating energy can be saved by using the waste heat generated by the electrolyser and the fuel cell. The model is well suited for the analysis of the effects of different component dimensionings in a hydrogen-based energy system via the overall energy balance within the residential sector.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2022-07-11T06:59:25Z","date_created":"2022-07-08T07:49:53Z","author":[{"first_name":"Marius Claus","last_name":"Möller","full_name":"Möller, Marius Claus","id":"72391"},{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter"}],"title":"Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home using a Hybrid Storage System based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization ","conference":{"name":"49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","start_date":"2022-06-05","end_date":"2022-06-10","location":"Philadelphia, PA, USA"},"year":"2022","corporate_editor":["IEEE"],"citation":{"apa":"Möller, M. C., &#38; Krauter, S. (2022). Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home using a Hybrid Storage System based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization . In IEEE (Ed.), <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>.","mla":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home Using a Hybrid Storage System Based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization .” <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>, edited by IEEE, 2022.","short":"M.C. Möller, S. Krauter, in: IEEE (Ed.), Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2022.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Möller_Krauter_2022, title={Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home using a Hybrid Storage System based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization }, booktitle={Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference}, author={Möller, Marius Claus and Krauter, Stefan}, editor={IEEE}, year={2022} }","chicago":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home Using a Hybrid Storage System Based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization .” In <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>, edited by IEEE, 2022.","ieee":"M. C. Möller and S. Krauter, “Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home using a Hybrid Storage System based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization ,” in <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 2022.","ama":"Möller MC, Krauter S. Model of a Self-Sufficient PV Home using a Hybrid Storage System based on Li-Ion Batteries and Hydrogen Storage with Waste Heat Utilization . In: IEEE, ed. <i>Proceedings of the 49th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference</i>. ; 2022."}},{"date_updated":"2022-07-11T07:03:34Z","publisher":"MDPI / Basel, Switzerland","volume":"15 (6), 2201","date_created":"2022-03-11T09:56:32Z","author":[{"first_name":"Marius Claus","full_name":"Möller, Marius Claus","id":"72391","last_name":"Möller"},{"first_name":"Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836"}],"title":"Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen","doi":"10.3390/en15062201","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1996-1073"]},"publication_status":"published","year":"2022","citation":{"short":"M.C. Möller, S. Krauter, Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition” 15 (6), 2201 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Möller_Krauter_2022, title={Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen}, volume={15 (6), 2201}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">10.3390/en15062201</a>}, journal={Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition”}, publisher={MDPI / Basel, Switzerland}, author={Möller, Marius Claus and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2022} }","mla":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink Based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen.” <i>Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition,”</i> vol. 15 (6), 2201, MDPI / Basel, Switzerland, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">10.3390/en15062201</a>.","ama":"Möller MC, Krauter S. Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen. <i>Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition.”</i> 2022;15 (6), 2201. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">10.3390/en15062201</a>","apa":"Möller, M. C., &#38; Krauter, S. (2022). Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen. <i>Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition,”</i> <i>15 (6), 2201</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201</a>","ieee":"M. C. Möller and S. Krauter, “Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen,” <i>Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition,”</i> vol. 15 (6), 2201, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">10.3390/en15062201</a>.","chicago":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Hybrid Energy System Model in Matlab/Simulink Based on Solar Energy, Lithium-Ion Battery and Hydrogen.” <i>Energies / Special Issue “Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition”</i> 15 (6), 2201 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en15062201</a>."},"_id":"30262","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Energies / Special Issue \"Sustainable Energy Concepts for Energy Transition\"","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"In this paper, a model of a hybrid, hydrogen-based energy system for a household which includes the heating sector is presended. With such an energy system it's possible to enable energy autarky over a whole year based on solar energy. The scope of this study was to present a verified hybrid energy system model created in Simulink which can be used to prospectively size future similar energy systems where hydrogen in combination with a li-ion battery shall be used as energy storage type.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public"},{"status":"public","publication":"Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","_id":"34155","citation":{"chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for Any PV Panel Size at Different Microinverter Types.” In <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>, 2022.","ieee":"S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types,” presented at the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, Milano / Italy, 2022.","ama":"Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types. In: <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>. ; 2022.","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for Any PV Panel Size at Different Microinverter Types.” <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>, 2022.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2022, title={Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2022} }","short":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, 2022.","apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Bendfeld, J. (2022). Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types. <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>. 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, Milano / Italy."},"year":"2022","conference":{"name":"8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion","start_date":"2022-09-26","end_date":"2022-09-30","location":"Milano / Italy"},"title":"Microinverter PV Systems: New Efficiency Rankings and Formula for Energy Yield Assessment for any PV Panel Size at different Microinverter types","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter"},{"first_name":"Jörg","last_name":"Bendfeld","id":"16148","full_name":"Bendfeld, Jörg"}],"date_created":"2022-11-29T09:55:14Z","date_updated":"2022-11-29T10:00:44Z"},{"type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion","status":"public","_id":"34156","user_id":"16148","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2022","citation":{"ama":"Kakande JN, Philipo GH, Krauter S. Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER. In: <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>. ; 2022.","ieee":"J. N. Kakande, G. H. Philipo, and S. Krauter, “Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER,” presented at the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, Milano / Italy, 2022.","chicago":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, Godiana Hagile Philipo, and Stefan Krauter. “Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER.” In <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>, 2022.","mla":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, et al. “Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER.” <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>, 2022.","short":"J.N. Kakande, G.H. Philipo, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, 2022.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kakande_Philipo_Krauter_2022, title={Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion}, author={Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2022} }","apa":"Kakande, J. N., Philipo, G. H., &#38; Krauter, S. (2022). Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER. <i>Proceedings of the 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion</i>. 8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion, Milano / Italy."},"date_updated":"2022-11-29T10:03:30Z","author":[{"last_name":"Kakande","full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","id":"88649","first_name":"Josephine Nakato"},{"first_name":"Godiana Hagile","last_name":"Philipo","full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile"},{"id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","first_name":"Stefan"}],"date_created":"2022-11-29T10:03:24Z","title":"Optimal Design of a Semi Grid-Connected PV System for a Site in Lwak, Kenya Using HOMER","conference":{"location":"Milano / Italy","end_date":"2022-09-30","start_date":"2022-09-26","name":"8th World Conference on Photovoltaik Energy Conversion"}},{"keyword":["Energy (miscellaneous)","Energy Engineering and Power Technology","Renewable Energy","Sustainability and the Environment","Electrical and Electronic Engineering","Control and Optimization","Engineering (miscellaneous)","Building and Construction"],"article_number":"5215","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"47961","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>Due to failures or even the absence of an electricity grid, microgrid systems are becoming popular solutions for electrifying African rural communities. However, they are heavily stressed and complex to control due to their intermittency and demand growth. Demand side management (DSM) serves as an option to increase the level of flexibility on the demand side by scheduling users’ consumption patterns profiles in response to supply. This paper proposes a demand-side management strategy based on load shifting and peak clipping. The proposed approach was modelled in a MATLAB/Simulink R2021a environment and was optimized using the artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. Simulations were carried out to test the model’s efficacy in a stand-alone PV-battery microgrid in East Africa. The proposed algorithm reduces the peak demand, smoothing the load profile to the desired level, and improves the system’s peak to average ratio (PAR). The presence of deferrable loads has been considered to bring more flexible demand-side management. Results promise decreases in peak demand and peak to average ratio of about 31.2% and 7.5% through peak clipping. In addition, load shifting promises more flexibility to customers.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication":"Energies","type":"journal_article","title":"Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping","doi":"10.3390/en15145215","date_updated":"2024-10-17T08:46:23Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","volume":15,"date_created":"2023-10-11T08:13:13Z","author":[{"last_name":"Philipo","id":"88505","full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile","first_name":"Godiana Hagile"},{"first_name":"Josephine Nakato","last_name":"Kakande","full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","id":"88649"},{"last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","first_name":"Stefan"}],"year":"2022","intvolume":"        15","citation":{"apa":"Philipo, G. H., Kakande, J. N., &#38; Krauter, S. (2022). Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping. <i>Energies</i>, <i>15</i>(14), Article 5215. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215</a>","mla":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile, et al. “Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping.” <i>Energies</i>, vol. 15, no. 14, 5215, MDPI AG, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">10.3390/en15145215</a>.","short":"G.H. Philipo, J.N. Kakande, S. Krauter, Energies 15 (2022).","bibtex":"@article{Philipo_Kakande_Krauter_2022, title={Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">10.3390/en15145215</a>}, number={145215}, journal={Energies}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2022} }","chicago":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile, Josephine Nakato Kakande, and Stefan Krauter. “Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping.” <i>Energies</i> 15, no. 14 (2022). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215</a>.","ieee":"G. H. Philipo, J. N. Kakande, and S. Krauter, “Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping,” <i>Energies</i>, vol. 15, no. 14, Art. no. 5215, 2022, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">10.3390/en15145215</a>.","ama":"Philipo GH, Kakande JN, Krauter S. Neural Network-Based Demand-Side Management in a Stand-Alone Solar PV-Battery Microgrid Using Load-Shifting and Peak-Clipping. <i>Energies</i>. 2022;15(14). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en15145215\">10.3390/en15145215</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1996-1073"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"14"},{"conference":{"end_date":"2021-05-26","location":"Staffelstein / online","name":"36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021","start_date":"2021-05-18"},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T11:46:47Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","first_name":"Stefan"},{"first_name":"Arash","full_name":"Khatibi, Arash","id":"43538","last_name":"Khatibi"}],"place":"Pforzheim","citation":{"mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and Arash Khatibi. “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands.” <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. </i>, Conexio, 2021, pp. 301–04.","short":"S. Krauter, A. Khatibi, in: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. , Conexio, Pforzheim, 2021, pp. 301–304.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Khatibi_2021, place={Pforzheim}, title={Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands}, booktitle={Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. }, publisher={Conexio}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Khatibi, Arash}, year={2021}, pages={301–304} }","apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Khatibi, A. (2021). Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands. <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. </i>, 301–304.","ieee":"S. Krauter and A. Khatibi, “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands,” in <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. </i>, Staffelstein / online, 2021, pp. 301–304.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and Arash Khatibi. “Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands.” In <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. </i>, 301–4. Pforzheim: Conexio, 2021.","ama":"Krauter S, Khatibi A. Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands. In: <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. </i>. Conexio; 2021:301-304."},"page":"301-304","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-948176-14-3"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T11:44:09Z","_id":"22217","user_id":"28836","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","title":"Einfluss von Steilaufstellung, Nachführung und Einsatz bifazialer PV-Module auf den Speicherbedarf und die Kosten einer 100% EE-Versorgung Deutschlands","publisher":"Conexio","date_created":"2021-05-20T09:51:14Z","year":"2021","ddc":["620"],"language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2022-01-06T11:44:09Z","creator":"krauter","date_created":"2022-01-06T11:44:09Z","file_size":3540634,"file_id":"29169","access_level":"closed","file_name":"Staffelstein 2021 Krauter Khatibi S.301-304.pdf"}],"publication":"Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposium, 18.-26 Mai 2021, online, ISBN 978-3-948176-14-3, S. 301-304. "},{"publication":"Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)","abstract":[{"text":"Access to precise meteorological data is crucial to be able to plan and install renewable energy systems \r\nsuch as solar power plants and wind farms. In case of solar energy, knowledge of local irradiance and air temperature \r\nvalues is very important. For this, various methods can be used such as installing local weather stations or using \r\nmeteorological data from different organizations such as Meteonorm or official Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD). An \r\nalternative is to use satellite reanalysis datasets provided by organizations like the National Aeronautics and Space \r\nAdministration (NASA) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). In this paper the \r\n“Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications” dataset version 2 (MERRA-2) will be presented, \r\nand its performance will be evaluated by comparing it to locally measured datasets provided by Meteonorm and DWD. \r\nThe analysis shows very high correlation between MERRA-2 and local measurements (correlation coefficients of 0.99) \r\nfor monthly global irradiance and air temperature values. The results prove the suitability of MERRA-2 data for \r\napplications requiring long historical data. Moreover, availability of MERRA-2 for the whole world with an acceptable \r\nresolution makes it a very valuable dataset.","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"file_size":2475972,"file_name":"Khatibi Krauter - MERRA 2 vs Meteonorm - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf","access_level":"closed","file_id":"29176","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:26:47Z","creator":"krauter","date_created":"2022-01-06T13:26:47Z","success":1,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"keyword":["Energy potential estimation","Photovoltaic","Solar radiation","Temperature measurement","Satellite data","Meteonorm","MERRA-2","DWD"],"ddc":["550"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","year":"2021","date_created":"2021-09-16T10:20:41Z","title":"Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD)","type":"conference","status":"public","_id":"24551","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"28836","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:26:47Z","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["3-936338-78-7"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","page":"1141 - 1147","citation":{"chicago":"Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD).” In <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 1141–47, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>.","ieee":"A. Khatibi and S. Krauter, “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD),” in <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 1141–1147, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>.","ama":"Khatibi A, Krauter S. Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD). In: <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>. ; 2021:1141-1147. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>","mla":"Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD).” <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 1141–47, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>.","short":"A. Khatibi, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1141–1147.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Khatibi_Krauter_2021, title={Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD)}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)}, author={Khatibi, Arash and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2021}, pages={1141–1147} }","apa":"Khatibi, A., &#38; Krauter, S. (2021). Comparison and Validation of Irradiance Data: Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 vs. Meteonorm and German Weather Service (DWD). <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 1141–1147. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11</a>"},"date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:29:51Z","author":[{"first_name":"Arash","last_name":"Khatibi","full_name":"Khatibi, Arash","id":"43538"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836"}],"doi":"10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-5BV.4.11","conference":{"end_date":"2021-09-10","name":"38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)","start_date":"2021-09-06"}},{"conference":{"name":"38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)","start_date":"2021-09-06","end_date":"2021-09-10"},"doi":"10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:22:03Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X"},{"id":"16148","full_name":"Bendfeld, Jörg","last_name":"Bendfeld","first_name":"Jörg"}],"citation":{"short":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 659–663.","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 659–63, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2021, title={Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2021}, pages={659–663} }","apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Bendfeld, J. (2021). Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)</i>, 659–663. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>","ieee":"S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 659–663, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)</i>, 659–63, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>.","ama":"Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)</i>. ; 2021:659-663. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-4CO.3.4</a>"},"page":"659 - 663","publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["3-936338-78-7"]},"file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:20:31Z","_id":"24550","user_id":"28836","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","title":"Module-Inverters (Microinverters): Influence of Module Size on Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields","date_created":"2021-09-16T10:17:11Z","year":"2021","quality_controlled":"1","ddc":["620"],"keyword":["AC-modules","Microinverter","Power Conditioning","Efficiency","Yield","PV module size","saturation","performance"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market during 2014‒2021 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp (until 2020) and 360 Wp (starting 2021). Inverters \r\nwith two inputs have been fed by two of those modules. DC input, AC power output and energy yield of each micro\u0002inverter have been recorded by individual calibrated electricity meters. CEC and EU efficiency rankings have been \r\ncomputed and compared. To assess the influence of PV module size, two extremes have been investigated: A rather \r\nsmall module with 215 Wp - as it has been used 10 years ago, and a brand-new module (2021) offering 360 Wp. Both \r\ntypes of modules contain 60 solar cells in series connection. Appling the low-power modules, the challenge for the \r\ndifferent micro-inverters has been during weak-light conditions, using the high-power modules, some inverters \r\ntemporarily reach their power limits and yield is reduced. A method using a reference configuration of inverter & \r\nmodule and a linear equation y = ax + b resulting in the actual yield, any module & inverter configuration can be \r\ncharacterized by just the coefficients a and b."}],"file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":5413518,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"Krauter Bendfeld - Module size Microinverters - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf","file_id":"29175","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:20:31Z","date_created":"2022-01-06T13:20:31Z","creator":"krauter"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EU PVSEC 2021)"},{"publisher":"MDPI","date_created":"2021-02-23T10:18:05Z","title":"Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"4","year":"2021","keyword":["Solar irradiance","MERRA 2","Meteonorm","DWD"],"ddc":["620"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Energies","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>Fast-growing energy demand of the world makes the researchers focus on finding new energy sources or optimizing already-developed approaches. For an efficient use of solar and wind energy in an energy system, correct design and sizing of a power system is of high importance and improving or optimizing the process of data obtaining for this purpose leads to higher performance and lower cost per unit of energy. It is essential to have the most precise possible estimation of solar and wind energy potential and other local weather parameters in order to fully feed the demand and avoid extra costs. There are various methods for obtaining local data, such as local measurements, official organizational data, satellite obtained, and reanalysis data. In this paper, the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications dataset version 2 (MERRA-2) dataset provided by NASA is introduced and its performance is evaluated by comparison to various locally measured datasets offered by meteorological institutions such as Meteonorm and Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD, or Germany’s National Meteorological Service) around the world. After comparison, correlation coefficients from 0.95 to 0.99 are observed for monthly global horizontal irradiance values. In the case of air temperature, correlation coefficients of 0.99 and for wind speed from 0.81 to 0.99 are observed. High correlation with ground measurements and relatively low errors are confirmed, especially for irradiance and temperature values, that makes MERRA-2 a valuable dataset, considering its world coverage and availability.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":3837152,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"energies-14-00882 Khatibi Krauter MERRA 2.pdf","file_id":"29177","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:33:09Z","date_created":"2022-01-06T13:33:09Z","creator":"krauter"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:37:34Z","volume":14,"author":[{"id":"43538","full_name":"Khatibi, Arash","last_name":"Khatibi","first_name":"Arash"},{"last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","first_name":"Stefan"}],"doi":"10.3390/en14040882","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/4/882/htm"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1996-1073"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        14","citation":{"ama":"Khatibi A, Krauter S. Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications. <i>Energies</i>. 2021;14(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">10.3390/en14040882</a>","ieee":"A. Khatibi and S. Krauter, “Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications,” <i>Energies</i>, vol. 14, no. 4, Art. no. 882, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">10.3390/en14040882</a>.","chicago":"Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications.” <i>Energies</i> 14, no. 4 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882</a>.","mla":"Khatibi, Arash, and Stefan Krauter. “Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications.” <i>Energies</i>, vol. 14, no. 4, 882, MDPI, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">10.3390/en14040882</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Khatibi_Krauter_2021, title={Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">10.3390/en14040882</a>}, number={4882}, journal={Energies}, publisher={MDPI}, author={Khatibi, Arash and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2021} }","short":"A. Khatibi, S. Krauter, Energies 14 (2021).","apa":"Khatibi, A., &#38; Krauter, S. (2021). Validation and Performance of Satellite Meteorological Dataset MERRA-2 for Solar and Wind Applications. <i>Energies</i>, <i>14</i>(4), Article 882. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882\">https://doi.org/10.3390/en14040882</a>"},"_id":"21265","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"28836","article_number":"882","article_type":"original","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:33:09Z","type":"journal_article","status":"public"},{"type":"conference","status":"public","user_id":"66","department":[{"_id":"53"},{"_id":"475"},{"_id":"52"},{"_id":"453"},{"_id":"59"},{"_id":"300"}],"_id":"22218","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T11:49:19Z","publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-948176-14-3"]},"citation":{"ieee":"S. Krauter <i>et al.</i>, “Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung,” in <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021</i>, Staffelstein / online, 2021, pp. 305–309.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, Joachim Böcker, Christine Freitag, Burkhard Hehenkamp, Ulrich Hilleringmann, Katrin Temmen, Tobias Klaus, Nicolaus Rohrer, and Sven Lehmann. “Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung.” In <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021</i>, 305–9. Pforzheim: Conexio, 2021.","apa":"Krauter, S., Böcker, J., Freitag, C., Hehenkamp, B., Hilleringmann, U., Temmen, K., Klaus, T., Rohrer, N., &#38; Lehmann, S. (2021). Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung. <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021</i>, 305–309.","ama":"Krauter S, Böcker J, Freitag C, et al. Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung. In: <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021</i>. Conexio; 2021:305-309.","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, et al. “Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung.” <i>Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021</i>, Conexio, 2021, pp. 305–09.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Böcker_Freitag_Hehenkamp_Hilleringmann_Temmen_Klaus_Rohrer_Lehmann_2021, place={Pforzheim}, title={Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung}, booktitle={Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021}, publisher={Conexio}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Böcker, Joachim and Freitag, Christine and Hehenkamp, Burkhard and Hilleringmann, Ulrich and Temmen, Katrin and Klaus, Tobias and Rohrer, Nicolaus and Lehmann, Sven}, year={2021}, pages={305–309} }","short":"S. Krauter, J. Böcker, C. Freitag, B. Hehenkamp, U. Hilleringmann, K. Temmen, T. Klaus, N. Rohrer, S. Lehmann, in: Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021, Conexio, Pforzheim, 2021, pp. 305–309."},"page":"305-309","place":"Pforzheim","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X"},{"first_name":"Joachim","orcid":"0000-0002-8480-7295","last_name":"Böcker","full_name":"Böcker, Joachim","id":"66"},{"last_name":"Freitag","id":"20560","full_name":"Freitag, Christine","first_name":"Christine"},{"last_name":"Hehenkamp","id":"37339","full_name":"Hehenkamp, Burkhard","first_name":"Burkhard"},{"first_name":"Ulrich","id":"20179","full_name":"Hilleringmann, Ulrich","last_name":"Hilleringmann"},{"first_name":"Katrin","last_name":"Temmen","id":"30086","full_name":"Temmen, Katrin"},{"full_name":"Klaus, Tobias","last_name":"Klaus","first_name":"Tobias"},{"first_name":"Nicolaus","last_name":"Rohrer","full_name":"Rohrer, Nicolaus"},{"first_name":"Sven","full_name":"Lehmann, Sven","last_name":"Lehmann"}],"date_updated":"2024-01-19T16:43:56Z","conference":{"location":"Staffelstein / online","end_date":"2021-05-26","start_date":"2021-05-18","name":"36. PV-Symposium"},"publication":"Tagungsband des 36. PV-Symposiums, 18.-26 Mai 2021","file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":5128404,"file_name":"Staffelstein 2021 ART-D S.305-309.pdf","file_id":"29170","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2022-01-06T11:49:19Z","date_created":"2022-01-06T11:49:19Z","creator":"krauter"}],"language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"ddc":["620"],"keyword":["Art-D","Afrika","Resilienz","Resilience","Grid stability","robustness","microgrids"],"quality_controlled":"1","year":"2021","date_created":"2021-05-20T09:58:43Z","publisher":"Conexio","title":"Projekt Art-D Grids: Nachhaltige und stabile Microgrids in Afrika - eine Plattform für Forschung und Lehre für die Entwicklung"},{"citation":{"apa":"Kakande, J. N., Philipo, G. H., &#38; Krauter, S. (2021). Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures. <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 1505–1510. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>","short":"J.N. Kakande, G.H. Philipo, S. Krauter, in: Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021), 2021, pp. 1505–1510.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kakande_Philipo_Krauter_2021, title={Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)}, author={Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2021}, pages={1505–1510} }","mla":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, et al. “Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures.” <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 1505–10, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>.","ieee":"J. N. Kakande, G. H. Philipo, and S. Krauter, “Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures,” in <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 2021, pp. 1505–1510, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>.","chicago":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, Godiana Hagile Philipo, and Stefan Krauter. “Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures.” In <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>, 1505–10, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>.","ama":"Kakande JN, Philipo GH, Krauter S. Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures. In: <i>Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)</i>. ; 2021:1505-1510. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38</a>"},"page":"1505-1510","year":"2021","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["3-936338-78-7"]},"conference":{"end_date":"2021-09-10","start_date":"2021-09-06","name":"38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)"},"doi":"10.4229/EUPVSEC20212021-6BV.5.38","title":"Load Data Acquisition in Rural East Africa for the Layout of Microgrids and Demand–Side–Management Measures","author":[{"last_name":"Kakande","id":"88649","full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","first_name":"Josephine Nakato"},{"last_name":"Philipo","id":"88505","full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile","first_name":"Godiana Hagile"},{"first_name":"Stefan","id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X"}],"date_created":"2021-09-16T05:52:50Z","date_updated":"2024-10-17T08:45:50Z","file":[{"access_level":"closed","file_name":"Kakande Philipo Krauter - Load Data Aquisition ART-D - EUPVSEC 2021.pdf","file_id":"29174","file_size":1343406,"date_created":"2022-01-06T13:11:59Z","creator":"krauter","date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:11:59Z","relation":"main_file","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"With its growing population and industrialization, DREs, and solar technologies in particular, provide a \r\nsustainable means of bridging the current energy deficit in Africa, increasing supply reliability and meeting future \r\ndemand. Data acquisition and data management systems allow real time monitoring and control of energy systems as \r\nwell as performance analysis. However commercial data acquisition systems often have cost implications that are \r\nprohibitive for small PV systems and installations in developing countries.\r\nIn this paper, a multi-user, multi-purpose microgrid database system is designed and implemented. MAVOWATT \r\n270 power quality analyzers by GOSSEN METRAWATT, raspberry pi modules and sensors are used for measuring, \r\nrecording and storing electrical and meteorological data in East Africa. Socio-economic data is also stored in the\r\ndatabase. The designed system employs open source software and hardware solutions which are best suited to \r\ndeveloping regions like East Africa due to the lower cost implications.\r\nThe expected results promise a comprehensive database covering different electro-technical and socio-economic \r\nparameters useful for optimal design of microgrid systems."}],"type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2021)","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:11:59Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["620"],"keyword":["Art-D","Afrika","Demand side management","MySQL","Raspberry pi","Data acquisition"],"user_id":"16148","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"_id":"24540"},{"status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":" Efficiencies and energy yields of microinverters available on the market during 2014‒2020 have been \r\nmeasured, compared, and ranked. Conversion efficiencies as a function of load have been measured indoors with high \r\naccuracy and ranked according to Euro- and CEC weightings. Energy yields have been measured outdoors via \r\nidentical and calibrated crystalline silicon PV modules of 215 Wp each. Inverters with two inputs have been fed by \r\ntwo of those modules. DC input, AC power output and energy yield of each micro-inverter have been recorded by \r\nindividual calibrated electricity meters. Apparently, some inverters have been optimized for high irradiance levels \r\nand ranked better at the CEC efficiency ranking, others performed very well also at low irradiance levels, thus \r\nranking higher at in the EU efficiency ranking. Efficiency ranks are slightly deviating from rankings by energy yield \r\nmeasurements. At one inverter, a slow MPPT algorithm that barely could follow quickly changing irradiance levels is \r\nmost probably responsible for this effect. Another inverter switched off for a while after operation at high power, \r\nanother one failed permanently. Apparently, some inverters are been optimized to show excellent datasheet ratings \r\nfor EU- or CEC- efficiency. On the other hand, two inverters (each featuring two inputs) did not show an outstanding \r\nperformance at the EU- and CEC-ratings but achieved leading ranks for AC energy yields. For the customer, AC \r\nyield is a major performance indicator of a microinverter and should be included in the datasheet."}],"publication":"Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020","type":"conference","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"28836","_id":"18390","page":"935 - 938","citation":{"chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” In <i>Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020</i>, 935–38, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>.","ieee":"S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields,” in <i>Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020</i>, online, 2020, pp. 935–938, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>.","ama":"Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. In: <i>Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020</i>. ; 2020:935-938. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020}, pages={935–938} }","short":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020, 2020, pp. 935–938.","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields.” <i>Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020</i>, 2020, pp. 935–38, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>.","apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Bendfeld, J. (2020). Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields. <i>Proceedings of the EUPVSEC 2020</i>, 935–938. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2</a>"},"year":"2020","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["\t3-936338-73-6"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-4DO.7.2","conference":{"location":"online","end_date":"2020-09-11","start_date":"2020-09-07","name":"37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2020)"},"title":"Micro-Inverters: An Update of Comparison of Conversion Efficiencies and Energy Yields","date_created":"2020-08-27T06:28:42Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan"},{"first_name":"Jörg","full_name":"Bendfeld, Jörg","id":"16148","last_name":"Bendfeld"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T13:02:11Z"},{"publication":"Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)","type":"conference","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"28836","_id":"16857","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"publication_status":"published","citation":{"apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Bendfeld, J. (2020). Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. <i>Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)</i>. 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Bendfeld_2020, title={Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen}, booktitle={Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Bendfeld, Jörg}, year={2020} }","short":"S. Krauter, J. Bendfeld, in: Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 2020.","mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” <i>Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)</i>, 2020.","ama":"Krauter S, Bendfeld J. Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen. In: <i>Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)</i>. ; 2020.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and Jörg Bendfeld. “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen.” In <i>Tagungsband des 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland)</i>, 2020.","ieee":"S. Krauter and J. Bendfeld, “Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen,” presented at the 35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020), Bad Staffelstein, 2020."},"year":"2020","date_created":"2020-04-27T05:55:09Z","author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","id":"28836","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X"},{"last_name":"Bendfeld","full_name":"Bendfeld, Jörg","id":"16148","first_name":"Jörg"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T12:26:08Z","conference":{"name":"35. Symposiums für Photovoltaische Solarenergie, Kloster Banz, Bad Staffelstein (Deutschland), 17.–19. März 2020 (verschoben auf 31. August bis 2. September 2020)","start_date":"2020-08-31","end_date":"2020-09-02","location":"Bad Staffelstein"},"title":"Einfluss der Betriebstemperatur auf den Wirkungsgrad von Modul-Wechselrichtern für PV-Netzeinspeisungen"},{"date_created":"2020-09-14T12:43:43Z","title":"Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid.","quality_controlled":"1","year":"2020","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"ddc":["620"],"keyword":["Keywords: Load-Shifting","Demand-Side-Management","DSM","grid frequency","EEX","electricity trading prices","renewable share","flexibility","emissions","CO2"],"publication":"Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.","file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":1309449,"file_name":"Krauter Zhang - Triggering DSM - EUPVSEC 2020.pdf","file_id":"29172","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2022-01-06T12:35:49Z","date_created":"2022-01-06T12:35:49Z","creator":"krauter"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"To provide a simple instrument to operate residential Load-Shifting or Demand-Side-Management \r\nsystems, the measurement of the actual grid frequency seems to be an appropriate method. Due to the present \r\ninflexibility and the lack of sufficient throttling capabilities of lignite and nuclear power plants, a surplus of \r\nelectricity generation occurs during periods of high wind and solar power generation. While the specific CO2-\r\nemission is decreasing then ‒ due to the increased share of Renewables, the grid frequency is increasing (to a certain \r\nlimit). Using the grid frequency as an indicator to switch-on and off certain loads (loads that do not require power \r\npermanently (e.g. dishwashers, washing machines, dryers, fridges and freezers, heaters) could provide a simple, \r\ninexpensive demand-side management indicator to lower specific CO2‒emssions and costs (if a dynamic \r\nconsumption tariff is available). To check the truthfulness of that hypothesis, the grid and frequency data of the \r\nGerman grid of the year 2018 have been collected and a the correlation between grid frequency, power surplus, share \r\nof renewables vs. CO2-contents and price at the European energy exchange (EEX) have been calculated. The results \r\nshow: Correlation between frequency and share of renewables is quite low (r = 0.155) due to the fact that primary \r\ngrid control quickly compensates deviations from the 50 Hz nominal frequency. There is a good anti-correlation (r = -\r\n0.687) between the EEX‒prices and the share of renewables in the grid. Over the years, correlation between \r\nelectricity trading prices (EEX) and CO2 emissions is quite good (r =0.665), within the one year (2018) that \r\ncorrelation almost doesn’t exist, possibly due to the inflexibility of the bulky lignite power plants that even operate at \r\nnegative prices. \r\n"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan"},{"first_name":"L.","full_name":"Zhang, L.","last_name":"Zhang"}],"date_updated":"2022-01-06T12:42:22Z","conference":{"start_date":"2020-09-07","name":"37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition (EUPVSEC 2020)","location":"online","end_date":"2020-09-11"},"doi":"10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9","publication_status":"published","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["\t3-936338-73-6"]},"citation":{"mla":"Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in the German Electricity Grid.” <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 2020, pp. 1815–17, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Krauter_Zhang_2020, title={Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid.}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.}, author={Krauter, Stefan and Zhang, L.}, year={2020}, pages={1815–1817} }","short":"S. Krauter, L. Zhang, in: Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020., 2020, pp. 1815–1817.","apa":"Krauter, S., &#38; Zhang, L. (2020). Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid. <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 1815–1817. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>","ieee":"S. Krauter and L. Zhang, “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid.,” in <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, online, 2020, pp. 1815–1817, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.","chicago":"Krauter, Stefan, and L. Zhang. “Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of Electricity Prices, Share of Renewables, CO2‒contents, and Grid‒frequency in the German Electricity Grid.” In <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i>, 1815–17, 2020. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>.","ama":"Krauter S, Zhang L. Triggering Demand‒Side‒Management: Correlation of electricity prices, share of renewables, CO2‒contents, and grid‒frequency in the German electricity grid. In: <i>Proceedings of the 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 07 - 11 September 2020.</i> ; 2020:1815-1817. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9\">10.4229/EUPVSEC20202020-6BV.5.9</a>"},"page":"1815 - 1817","user_id":"28836","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"_id":"19393","file_date_updated":"2022-01-06T12:35:49Z","type":"conference","status":"public"}]