[{"date_created":"2023-01-31T12:55:05Z","keyword":["Economics and Econometrics","Business and International Management"],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"590"}],"publication":"Journal of Business Economics","citation":{"ama":"Ortmann R, Pummerer E. Distortional effects of separate accounting and formula apportionment on factor allocation. <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>. Published online 2023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>","bibtex":"@article{Ortmann_Pummerer_2023, title={Distortional effects of separate accounting and formula apportionment on factor allocation}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>}, journal={Journal of Business Economics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Pummerer, Erich}, year={2023} }","mla":"Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. “Distortional Effects of Separate Accounting and Formula Apportionment on Factor Allocation.” <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>.","short":"R. Ortmann, E. Pummerer, Journal of Business Economics (2023).","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. “Distortional Effects of Separate Accounting and Formula Apportionment on Factor Allocation.” <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>, 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>.","apa":"Ortmann, R., &#38; Pummerer, E. (2023). Distortional effects of separate accounting and formula apportionment on factor allocation. <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>","ieee":"R. Ortmann and E. Pummerer, “Distortional effects of separate accounting and formula apportionment on factor allocation,” <i>Journal of Business Economics</i>, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5\">10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5</a>."},"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>We examine distortions caused by tax base allocation systems–separate accounting (SA) or formula apportionment (FA)–with respect to the allocation of assets and workforce within multinational entities (MNEs). The effects of both systems are intensively debated by EU Member States as they are striving to implement a European tax system. Its introduction would lead to a switch from SA to FA. Moreover, Pillar One of the recent global tax reform includes a mix of both tax base allocation systems. We find that, against the claims of the EU, FA does not necessarily create lower distortions of the factor allocation. Decisive for that assessment is the level of profit shifting under SA. Our results indicate that, in tendency, the factor allocation is more severely distorted by FA when the profit shifting possibilities were rather low under SA. In contrast to former studies, we highlight the importance of analyzing the status quo under the recently applied system (SA) in order to be able to assess the consequences of a switch from SA to FA. Our results are interesting for policy-makers as they help anticipating reactions of MNEs to a change in the applied tax base allocation system and for companies as a basis for future tax planning.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"41192","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","doi":"10.1007/s11573-022-01133-5","user_id":"21222","status":"public","title":"Distortional effects of separate accounting and formula apportionment on factor allocation","year":"2023","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0044-2372","1861-8928"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Ortmann","first_name":"Regina","full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","id":"10020"},{"full_name":"Pummerer, Erich","last_name":"Pummerer","first_name":"Erich"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-31T12:55:43Z","publication_status":"published"},{"extern":"1","citation":{"mla":"Ortmann, Regina, and Dirk Schindler. <i>Income Shifting and Management Incentives</i>. 2022.","ama":"Ortmann R, Schindler D. <i>Income Shifting and Management Incentives</i>.; 2022.","bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_Schindler_2022, series={TAF Working Paper Serie}, title={Income Shifting and Management Incentives}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Schindler, Dirk}, year={2022}, collection={TAF Working Paper Serie} }","apa":"Ortmann, R., &#38; Schindler, D. (2022). <i>Income Shifting and Management Incentives</i>.","ieee":"R. Ortmann and D. Schindler, <i>Income Shifting and Management Incentives</i>. 2022.","short":"R. Ortmann, D. Schindler, Income Shifting and Management Incentives, 2022.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, and Dirk Schindler. <i>Income Shifting and Management Incentives</i>. TAF Working Paper Serie, 2022."},"department":[{"_id":"590"}],"type":"working_paper","date_created":"2023-01-31T12:38:14Z","date_updated":"2023-01-31T12:38:18Z","author":[{"full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann","id":"10020"},{"last_name":"Schindler","first_name":"Dirk","full_name":"Schindler, Dirk"}],"title":"Income Shifting and Management Incentives","year":"2022","status":"public","user_id":"21222","_id":"41182","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"series_title":"TAF Working Paper Serie"},{"department":[{"_id":"590"}],"type":"working_paper","date_created":"2023-01-31T13:05:49Z","citation":{"apa":"Ortmann, R., Warkulat, S., Krull, S., Klocke, N., &#38; Pelster, M. (2021). <i>COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities</i> (Vol. 83).","ieee":"R. Ortmann, S. Warkulat, S. Krull, N. Klocke, and M. Pelster, <i>COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities</i>, vol. 83. 2021.","short":"R. Ortmann, S. Warkulat, S. Krull, N. Klocke, M. Pelster, COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities, 2021.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, Sonja Warkulat, Sebastian Krull, Nina Klocke, and Matthias Pelster. <i>COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities</i>. Vol. 83. Working Paper in Covid Economics: Vetted and REal-Time Papers, 2021.","mla":"Ortmann, Regina, et al. <i>COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities</i>. 2021.","ama":"Ortmann R, Warkulat S, Krull S, Klocke N, Pelster M. <i>COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities</i>. Vol 83.; 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_Warkulat_Krull_Klocke_Pelster_2021, series={Working Paper in Covid Economics: Vetted and REal-Time Papers}, title={COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities}, volume={83}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Warkulat, Sonja and Krull, Sebastian and Klocke, Nina and Pelster, Matthias}, year={2021}, collection={Working Paper in Covid Economics: Vetted and REal-Time Papers} }"},"volume":83,"user_id":"21222","_id":"41197","series_title":"Working Paper in Covid Economics: Vetted and REal-Time Papers","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":"        83","date_updated":"2023-01-31T13:05:56Z","author":[{"id":"10020","full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann"},{"id":"67243","full_name":"Warkulat, Sonja","first_name":"Sonja","last_name":"Warkulat"},{"id":"84497","full_name":"Krull, Sebastian","last_name":"Krull","first_name":"Sebastian"},{"last_name":"Klocke","first_name":"Nina","full_name":"Klocke, Nina","id":"51025"},{"orcid":" https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-2420","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Pelster","full_name":"Pelster, Matthias","id":"67265"}],"status":"public","title":"COVID-19 Reporting and Willingness to Pay for Leisure Activities","year":"2021"},{"date_created":"2023-01-31T12:41:01Z","type":"working_paper","department":[{"_id":"590"}],"citation":{"mla":"Ortmann, Regina, et al. <i>Real Effects of an International Tax Reform for MNEs</i>. 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_Simons_Voeller_2021, series={TRR 266 Working Paper Series}, title={Real effects of an international tax reform for MNEs}, volume={64}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Simons, Dirk and Voeller, Dennis}, year={2021}, collection={TRR 266 Working Paper Series} }","ama":"Ortmann R, Simons D, Voeller D. <i>Real Effects of an International Tax Reform for MNEs</i>. Vol 64.; 2021.","ieee":"R. Ortmann, D. Simons, and D. Voeller, <i>Real effects of an international tax reform for MNEs</i>, vol. 64. 2021.","apa":"Ortmann, R., Simons, D., &#38; Voeller, D. (2021). <i>Real effects of an international tax reform for MNEs</i> (Vol. 64).","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, Dirk Simons, and Dennis Voeller. <i>Real Effects of an International Tax Reform for MNEs</i>. Vol. 64. TRR 266 Working Paper Series, 2021.","short":"R. Ortmann, D. Simons, D. Voeller, Real Effects of an International Tax Reform for MNEs, 2021."},"_id":"41184","series_title":"TRR 266 Working Paper Series","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"21222","volume":64,"title":"Real effects of an international tax reform for MNEs","status":"public","year":"2021","author":[{"id":"10020","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann","full_name":"Ortmann, Regina"},{"first_name":"Dirk","last_name":"Simons","full_name":"Simons, Dirk"},{"full_name":"Voeller, Dennis","first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Voeller"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-31T13:44:56Z","intvolume":"        64"},{"_id":"41180","publisher":"Elsevier BV","volume":37,"user_id":"21222","status":"public","citation":{"mla":"Ortmann, Regina, et al. “COVID-19 and Investor Behavior.” <i>Finance Research Letters</i>, vol. 37, 101717, Elsevier BV, 2020, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Ortmann_Pelster_Wengerek_2020, title={COVID-19 and investor behavior}, volume={37}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>}, number={101717}, journal={Finance Research Letters}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Pelster, Matthias and Wengerek, Sascha Tobias}, year={2020} }","ama":"Ortmann R, Pelster M, Wengerek ST. COVID-19 and investor behavior. <i>Finance Research Letters</i>. 2020;37. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>","ieee":"R. Ortmann, M. Pelster, and S. T. Wengerek, “COVID-19 and investor behavior,” <i>Finance Research Letters</i>, vol. 37, Art. no. 101717, 2020, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>.","apa":"Ortmann, R., Pelster, M., &#38; Wengerek, S. T. (2020). COVID-19 and investor behavior. <i>Finance Research Letters</i>, <i>37</i>, Article 101717. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>","short":"R. Ortmann, M. Pelster, S.T. Wengerek, Finance Research Letters 37 (2020).","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, Matthias Pelster, and Sascha Tobias Wengerek. “COVID-19 and Investor Behavior.” <i>Finance Research Letters</i> 37 (2020). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717</a>."},"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"101717","doi":"10.1016/j.frl.2020.101717","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1544-6123"]},"author":[{"id":"10020","last_name":"Ortmann","first_name":"Regina","full_name":"Ortmann, Regina"},{"id":"67265","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Pelster","orcid":" https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-2420","full_name":"Pelster, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Wengerek, Sascha Tobias","last_name":"Wengerek","orcid":"0000-0002-7820-3903","first_name":"Sascha Tobias","id":"48837"}],"title":"COVID-19 and investor behavior","year":"2020","intvolume":"        37","date_updated":"2023-01-31T12:41:28Z","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2023-01-31T12:35:33Z","department":[{"_id":"590"}],"type":"journal_article","keyword":["Finance"],"publication":"Finance Research Letters"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann","id":"10020"}],"year":"2015","title":"Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:01:20Z","_id":"4745","series_title":"WU Working Paper Series","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://en.wiwi.uni-paderborn.de/fileadmin/cetar/TAF_Working_Paper_Series/TAF_WP_010_Ortmann_2015.pdf"}],"volume":"2015 - 10","ddc":["330"],"user_id":"21222","citation":{"bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_2015, series={WU Working Paper Series}, title={Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,}, volume={2015–10}, author={Ortmann, Regina}, year={2015}, collection={WU Working Paper Series} }","ama":"Ortmann R. <i>Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,</i>. Vol 2015-10.; 2015.","mla":"Ortmann, Regina. <i>Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,</i>. Vol. 2015–10, 2015.","short":"R. Ortmann, Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?, 2015.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina. <i>Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,</i>. Vol. 2015–10. WU Working Paper Series, 2015.","ieee":"R. Ortmann, <i>Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,</i> vol. 2015–10. 2015.","apa":"Ortmann, R. (2015). <i>Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. How Does Weighting Uncertainty Impact After-Tax Income of Multinational Groups?,</i> (Vol. 2015–10)."},"file_date_updated":"2020-08-14T08:06:12Z","abstract":[{"text":"Formulary apportionment is an intensively debated mechanism for allocating tax base within multinational groups. Systems under which the formula is identical in all jurisdictions and systems under which jurisdictions can determine the weights on the formula factors individually can be observed. The latter systems produce uncertainty about the overall tax-liable share of the future group tax base. Counter-intuitively, I identify scenarios under which increased uncertainty leads to higher expected future group income. My results provide helpful insights for firms and policy makers debating the specific design of a formulary apportionment system. ","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-10-15T11:00:01Z","file":[{"file_name":"TAF_WP_010_Ortmann_2015.pdf","access_level":"closed","file_size":254259,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-08-14T08:06:12Z","file_id":"17958","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"creator":"llennard","date_created":"2020-08-14T08:06:12Z"}],"department":[{"_id":"590"},{"_id":"635"}],"type":"working_paper"},{"type":"working_paper","department":[{"_id":"590"},{"_id":"187"}],"date_created":"2018-10-15T11:05:39Z","citation":{"mla":"Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. <i>Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions</i>. Vol. 198, 2015.","bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_Pummerer_2015, series={arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation}, title={Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions}, volume={198}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Pummerer, Erich}, year={2015}, collection={arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation} }","ama":"Ortmann R, Pummerer E. <i>Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions</i>. Vol 198.; 2015.","ieee":"R. Ortmann and E. Pummerer, <i>Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions</i>, vol. 198. 2015.","apa":"Ortmann, R., &#38; Pummerer, E. (2015). <i>Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions</i> (Vol. 198).","short":"R. Ortmann, E. Pummerer, Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions, 2015.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. <i>Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals’ Locational Investment Decisions</i>. Vol. 198. Arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation, 2015."},"user_id":"21222","volume":198,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"4749","series_title":"arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:01:20Z","intvolume":"       198","status":"public","title":"Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals' Locational Investment Decisions","year":"2015","author":[{"full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann"},{"full_name":"Pummerer, Erich","last_name":"Pummerer","first_name":"Erich"}]},{"date_updated":"2023-01-31T13:00:02Z","intvolume":"        75","year":"2015","title":"Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors","status":"public","author":[{"id":"10020","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann","full_name":"Ortmann, Regina"}],"user_id":"21222","volume":75,"page":"161-177","_id":"4747","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"3","publication":"Die Betriebswirtschaft","citation":{"mla":"Ortmann, Regina. “Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors.” <i>Die Betriebswirtschaft</i>, vol. 75, no. 3, 2015, pp. 161–77.","bibtex":"@article{Ortmann_2015, title={Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors}, volume={75}, number={3}, journal={Die Betriebswirtschaft}, author={Ortmann, Regina}, year={2015}, pages={161–177} }","ama":"Ortmann R. Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. <i>Die Betriebswirtschaft</i>. 2015;75(3):161-177.","ieee":"R. Ortmann, “Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors,” <i>Die Betriebswirtschaft</i>, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 161–177, 2015.","apa":"Ortmann, R. (2015). Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors. <i>Die Betriebswirtschaft</i>, <i>75</i>(3), 161–177.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina. “Uncertainty in Weighting Formulary Apportionment Factors.” <i>Die Betriebswirtschaft</i> 75, no. 3 (2015): 161–77.","short":"R. Ortmann, Die Betriebswirtschaft 75 (2015) 161–177."},"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"590"}],"date_created":"2018-10-15T11:03:50Z"},{"citation":{"ama":"Ortmann R, Sureth-Sloane C. <i>Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?</i> Vol 165.; 2014.","short":"R. Ortmann, C. Sureth-Sloane, Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?, 2014.","chicago":"Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. <i>Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?</i> Vol. 165. Arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation, 2014.","bibtex":"@book{Ortmann_Sureth-Sloane_2014, series={arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation}, title={Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?}, volume={165}, author={Ortmann, Regina and Sureth-Sloane, Caren}, year={2014}, collection={arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation} }","apa":"Ortmann, R., &#38; Sureth-Sloane, C. (2014). <i>Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?</i> (Vol. 165).","mla":"Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. <i>Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?</i> Vol. 165, 2014.","ieee":"R. Ortmann and C. Sureth-Sloane, <i>Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?</i>, vol. 165. 2014."},"department":[{"_id":"590"},{"_id":"187"},{"_id":"635"}],"type":"working_paper","date_created":"2018-10-15T11:07:03Z","intvolume":"       165","date_updated":"2022-01-06T07:01:21Z","author":[{"full_name":"Ortmann, Regina","first_name":"Regina","last_name":"Ortmann","id":"10020"},{"full_name":"Sureth-Sloane, Caren","last_name":"Sureth-Sloane","first_name":"Caren","id":"530"}],"status":"public","year":"2014","title":"Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination against Loss-Making European Multinational Groups?","volume":165,"user_id":"61801","series_title":"arqus, Quantitative Research in Taxation","_id":"4750","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}]