[{"publication":"Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)","citation":{"chicago":"Kolpaczki, Patrick, Maximilian Muschalik, Fabian Fumagalli, Barbara Hammer, and Eyke Huellermeier. “SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-Order Shapley Interactions through Stratification.” In <i>Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)</i>, 238:3520–3528. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. PMLR, 2024.","short":"P. Kolpaczki, M. Muschalik, F. Fumagalli, B. Hammer, E. Huellermeier, in: Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS), PMLR, 2024, pp. 3520–3528.","ieee":"P. Kolpaczki, M. Muschalik, F. Fumagalli, B. Hammer, and E. Huellermeier, “SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-order Shapley Interactions through Stratification,” in <i>Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)</i>, 2024, vol. 238, pp. 3520–3528.","apa":"Kolpaczki, P., Muschalik, M., Fumagalli, F., Hammer, B., &#38; Huellermeier, E. (2024). SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-order Shapley Interactions through Stratification. <i>Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)</i>, <i>238</i>, 3520–3528.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kolpaczki_Muschalik_Fumagalli_Hammer_Huellermeier_2024, series={Proceedings of Machine Learning Research}, title={SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-order Shapley Interactions through Stratification}, volume={238}, booktitle={Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)}, publisher={PMLR}, author={Kolpaczki, Patrick and Muschalik, Maximilian and Fumagalli, Fabian and Hammer, Barbara and Huellermeier, Eyke}, year={2024}, pages={3520–3528}, collection={Proceedings of Machine Learning Research} }","ama":"Kolpaczki P, Muschalik M, Fumagalli F, Hammer B, Huellermeier E. SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-order Shapley Interactions through Stratification. In: <i>Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)</i>. Vol 238. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. PMLR; 2024:3520–3528.","mla":"Kolpaczki, Patrick, et al. “SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-Order Shapley Interactions through Stratification.” <i>Proceedings of The 27th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS)</i>, vol. 238, PMLR, 2024, pp. 3520–3528."},"abstract":[{"text":"Addressing the limitations of individual attribution scores via the Shapley value (SV), the field of explainable AI (XAI) has recently explored intricate interactions of features or data points. In particular, extensions of the SV, such as the Shapley Interaction Index (SII), have been proposed as a measure to still benefit from the axiomatic basis of the SV. However, similar to the SV, their exact computation remains computationally prohibitive. Hence, we propose with SVARM-IQ a sampling-based approach to efficiently approximate Shapley-based interaction indices of any order. SVARM-IQ can be applied to a broad class of interaction indices, including the SII, by leveraging a novel stratified representation. We provide non-asymptotic theoretical guarantees on its approximation quality and empirically demonstrate that SVARM-IQ achieves state-of-the-art estimation results in practical XAI scenarios on different model classes and application domains.","lang":"eng"}],"project":[{"_id":"109","name":"TRR 318: TRR 318 - Erklärbarkeit konstruieren"},{"_id":"117","name":"TRR 318 - C: TRR 318 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 318 - C3: TRR 318 - Subproject C3","_id":"126"}],"date_created":"2024-07-18T09:39:14Z","type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"title":"SVARM-IQ: Efficient Approximation of Any-order Shapley Interactions through Stratification","status":"public","year":"2024","author":[{"full_name":"Kolpaczki, Patrick","first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Kolpaczki"},{"full_name":"Muschalik, Maximilian","first_name":"Maximilian","last_name":"Muschalik"},{"first_name":"Fabian","last_name":"Fumagalli","full_name":"Fumagalli, Fabian","id":"93420"},{"full_name":"Hammer, Barbara","last_name":"Hammer","first_name":"Barbara"},{"id":"48129","full_name":"Huellermeier, Eyke","first_name":"Eyke","last_name":"Huellermeier"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-11T16:22:30Z","intvolume":"       238","page":"3520–3528","_id":"55311","publisher":"PMLR","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"series_title":"Proceedings of Machine Learning Research","user_id":"93420","volume":238},{"volume":235,"user_id":"93420","_id":"58223","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"series_title":"Proceedings of Machine Learning Research","publisher":"PMLR","page":"14308–14342","intvolume":"       235","date_updated":"2025-09-11T16:27:05Z","author":[{"last_name":"Fumagalli","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Fumagalli, Fabian"},{"full_name":"Muschalik, Maximilian","last_name":"Muschalik","first_name":"Maximilian"},{"last_name":"Kolpaczki","first_name":"Patrick","full_name":"Kolpaczki, Patrick"},{"full_name":"Hüllermeier, Eyke","first_name":"Eyke","last_name":"Hüllermeier"},{"full_name":"Hammer, Barbara","last_name":"Hammer","first_name":"Barbara"}],"year":"2024","title":"KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions","status":"public","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","date_created":"2025-01-16T16:12:16Z","project":[{"_id":"109","name":"TRR 318: TRR 318 - Erklärbarkeit konstruieren"},{"name":"TRR 318 - C: TRR 318 - Project Area C","_id":"117"},{"_id":"126","name":"TRR 318 - C3: TRR 318 - Subproject C3"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The Shapley value (SV) is a prevalent approach of allocating credit to machine learning (ML) entities to understand black box ML models. Enriching such interpretations with higher-order interactions is inevitable for complex systems, where the Shapley Interaction Index (SII) is a direct axiomatic extension of the SV. While it is well-known that the SV yields an optimal approximation of any game via a weighted least square (WLS) objective, an extension of this result to SII has been a long-standing open problem, which even led to the proposal of an alternative index. In this work, we characterize higher-order SII as a solution to a WLS problem, which constructs an optimal approximation via SII and k-Shapley values (k-SII). We prove this representation for the SV and pairwise SII and give empirically validated conjectures for higher orders. As a result, we propose KernelSHAP-IQ, a direct extension of KernelSHAP for SII, and demonstrate state-of-the-art performance for feature interactions.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ieee":"F. Fumagalli, M. Muschalik, P. Kolpaczki, E. Hüllermeier, and B. Hammer, “KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions,” in <i>Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</i>, 2024, vol. 235, pp. 14308–14342.","apa":"Fumagalli, F., Muschalik, M., Kolpaczki, P., Hüllermeier, E., &#38; Hammer, B. (2024). KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions. <i>Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</i>, <i>235</i>, 14308–14342.","chicago":"Fumagalli, Fabian, Maximilian Muschalik, Patrick Kolpaczki, Eyke Hüllermeier, and Barbara Hammer. “KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions.” In <i>Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</i>, 235:14308–14342. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. PMLR, 2024.","short":"F. Fumagalli, M. Muschalik, P. Kolpaczki, E. Hüllermeier, B. Hammer, in: Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), PMLR, 2024, pp. 14308–14342.","mla":"Fumagalli, Fabian, et al. “KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions.” <i>Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</i>, vol. 235, PMLR, 2024, pp. 14308–14342.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Fumagalli_Muschalik_Kolpaczki_Hüllermeier_Hammer_2024, series={Proceedings of Machine Learning Research}, title={KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions}, volume={235}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)}, publisher={PMLR}, author={Fumagalli, Fabian and Muschalik, Maximilian and Kolpaczki, Patrick and Hüllermeier, Eyke and Hammer, Barbara}, year={2024}, pages={14308–14342}, collection={Proceedings of Machine Learning Research} }","ama":"Fumagalli F, Muschalik M, Kolpaczki P, Hüllermeier E, Hammer B. KernelSHAP-IQ: Weighted Least Square Optimization for Shapley Interactions. In: <i>Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)</i>. Vol 235. Proceedings of Machine Learning Research. PMLR; 2024:14308–14342."},"publication":"Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)"},{"date_created":"2025-09-11T15:39:01Z","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Muschalik_Baniecki_Fumagalli_Kolpaczki_Hammer_Huellermeier_2024, title={shapiq: Shapley interactions for machine learning}, volume={37}, booktitle={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)}, author={Muschalik, Maximilian and Baniecki, Hubert and Fumagalli, Fabian and Kolpaczki, Patrick and Hammer, Barbara and Huellermeier, Eyke}, year={2024}, pages={130324–130357} }","ama":"Muschalik M, Baniecki H, Fumagalli F, Kolpaczki P, Hammer B, Huellermeier E. shapiq: Shapley interactions for machine learning. In: <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)</i>. Vol 37. ; 2024:130324–130357.","mla":"Muschalik, Maximilian, et al. “Shapiq: Shapley Interactions for Machine Learning.” <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)</i>, vol. 37, 2024, pp. 130324–130357.","short":"M. Muschalik, H. Baniecki, F. Fumagalli, P. Kolpaczki, B. Hammer, E. Huellermeier, in: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2024, pp. 130324–130357.","chicago":"Muschalik, Maximilian, Hubert Baniecki, Fabian Fumagalli, Patrick Kolpaczki, Barbara Hammer, and Eyke Huellermeier. “Shapiq: Shapley Interactions for Machine Learning.” In <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)</i>, 37:130324–130357, 2024.","ieee":"M. Muschalik, H. Baniecki, F. Fumagalli, P. Kolpaczki, B. Hammer, and E. Huellermeier, “shapiq: Shapley interactions for machine learning,” in <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)</i>, 2024, vol. 37, pp. 130324–130357.","apa":"Muschalik, M., Baniecki, H., Fumagalli, F., Kolpaczki, P., Hammer, B., &#38; Huellermeier, E. (2024). shapiq: Shapley interactions for machine learning. <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)</i>, <i>37</i>, 130324–130357."},"publication":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS)","project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - Project Area C","_id":"117"},{"_id":"126","name":"TRR 318 - Subproject C3"},{"name":"TRR 318: Erklärbarkeit konstruieren","_id":"109"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"61228","page":"130324–130357","volume":37,"user_id":"93420","author":[{"last_name":"Muschalik","first_name":"Maximilian","full_name":"Muschalik, Maximilian"},{"last_name":"Baniecki","first_name":"Hubert","full_name":"Baniecki, Hubert"},{"first_name":"Fabian","last_name":"Fumagalli","full_name":"Fumagalli, Fabian","id":"93420"},{"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Kolpaczki","full_name":"Kolpaczki, Patrick"},{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Hammer","full_name":"Hammer, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Huellermeier, Eyke","first_name":"Eyke","last_name":"Huellermeier","id":"48129"}],"status":"public","title":"shapiq: Shapley interactions for machine learning","year":"2024","intvolume":"        37","date_updated":"2025-09-11T16:17:35Z"},{"department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","date_created":"2025-09-11T15:46:40Z","project":[{"_id":"117","name":"TRR 318 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"126","name":"TRR 318 - Subproject C3"},{"name":"TRR 318: Erklärbarkeit konstruieren","_id":"109"}],"citation":{"mla":"Kolpaczki, Patrick, et al. “Approximating the Shapley Value without Marginal Contributions.” <i>Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)</i>, vol. 38, no. 12, 2024, pp. 13246–13255.","ama":"Kolpaczki P, Bengs V, Muschalik M, Hüllermeier E. Approximating the shapley value without marginal contributions. In: <i>Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)</i>. Vol 38. ; 2024:13246–13255.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Kolpaczki_Bengs_Muschalik_Hüllermeier_2024, title={Approximating the shapley value without marginal contributions}, volume={38}, number={12}, booktitle={Proceedings of the AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)}, author={Kolpaczki, Patrick and Bengs, Viktor and Muschalik, Maximilian and Hüllermeier, Eyke}, year={2024}, pages={13246–13255} }","apa":"Kolpaczki, P., Bengs, V., Muschalik, M., &#38; Hüllermeier, E. (2024). Approximating the shapley value without marginal contributions. <i>Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)</i>, <i>38</i>(12), 13246–13255.","ieee":"P. Kolpaczki, V. Bengs, M. Muschalik, and E. Hüllermeier, “Approximating the shapley value without marginal contributions,” in <i>Proceedings of the AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)</i>, 2024, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 13246–13255.","short":"P. Kolpaczki, V. Bengs, M. Muschalik, E. Hüllermeier, in: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), 2024, pp. 13246–13255.","chicago":"Kolpaczki, Patrick, Viktor Bengs, Maximilian Muschalik, and Eyke Hüllermeier. “Approximating the Shapley Value without Marginal Contributions.” In <i>Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)</i>, 38:13246–13255, 2024."},"issue":"12","publication":"Proceedings of the AAAI conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI)","volume":38,"user_id":"93420","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"61230","page":"13246–13255","intvolume":"        38","date_updated":"2025-09-11T16:17:54Z","author":[{"full_name":"Kolpaczki, Patrick","last_name":"Kolpaczki","first_name":"Patrick"},{"last_name":"Bengs","first_name":"Viktor","full_name":"Bengs, Viktor"},{"last_name":"Muschalik","first_name":"Maximilian","full_name":"Muschalik, Maximilian"},{"full_name":"Hüllermeier, Eyke","last_name":"Hüllermeier","first_name":"Eyke"}],"status":"public","title":"Approximating the shapley value without marginal contributions","year":"2024"},{"publication":"Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We revisit the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence in conversational interaction, originally found for English dialogue, which has theoretical implication for dialogical concepts such as mutual understanding. We use a modified metric to quantify syntactic complexity based on dependency parsing. The results show that syntactic complexity convergence can be statistically confirmed in one of three selected German datasets that were analysed. Given that the dataset which shows such convergence is much larger than the other two selected datasets, the empirical results indicate a certain degree of linguistic generality of syntactic complexity convergence in conversational interaction. We also found a different type of syntactic complexity convergence in one of the datasets while further investigation is still necessary."}],"extern":"1","date_created":"2025-09-11T07:08:24Z","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","author":[{"full_name":"Wang, Yu","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Yu"},{"id":"76456","orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","last_name":"Buschmeier","first_name":"Hendrik","full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik"}],"title":"Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data","year":"2024","date_updated":"2025-09-12T06:25:05Z","publication_status":"published","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.konvens-main.8"}],"citation":{"ama":"Wang Y, Buschmeier H. Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data. In: <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)</i>. ; 2024:75–80.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Wang_Buschmeier_2024, place={Vienna, Austria}, title={Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)}, author={Wang, Yu and Buschmeier, Hendrik}, year={2024}, pages={75–80} }","mla":"Wang, Yu, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Revisiting the Phenomenon of Syntactic Complexity Convergence on German Dialogue Data.” <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)</i>, 2024, pp. 75–80.","short":"Y. Wang, H. Buschmeier, in: Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024), Vienna, Austria, 2024, pp. 75–80.","chicago":"Wang, Yu, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Revisiting the Phenomenon of Syntactic Complexity Convergence on German Dialogue Data.” In <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)</i>, 75–80. Vienna, Austria, 2024.","apa":"Wang, Y., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (2024). Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data. <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)</i>, 75–80.","ieee":"Y. Wang and H. Buschmeier, “Revisiting the phenomenon of syntactic complexity convergence on German dialogue data,” in <i>Proceedings of the 20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)</i>, Vienna, Austria, 2024, pp. 75–80."},"project":[{"_id":"112","name":"TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten"}],"quality_controlled":"1","place":"Vienna, Austria","oa":"1","conference":{"location":"Vienna, Austria","name":"20th Conference on Natural Language Processing (KONVENS 2024)","start_date":"2024-09-11","end_date":"2024-09-12"},"status":"public","_id":"61176","page":"75–80","user_id":"76456"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"According to the Entropy Rate Constancy (ERC) principle, the information density of a text is approximately constant over its length. Whether this principle also applies to nonverbal communication signals is still under investigation. We perform empirical analyses of video-recorded dialogue data and investigate whether listener gaze, as an important nonverbal communication signal, adheres to the ERC principle. Results show (1) that the ERC principle holds for listener gaze; and (2) that the two linguistic factors syntactic complexity and turn transition potential are weakly correlated with local entropy of listener gaze."}],"publication":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","date_created":"2024-08-30T07:42:28Z","date_updated":"2025-09-12T06:25:05Z","author":[{"last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Yu","full_name":"Wang, Yu"},{"last_name":"Xu","first_name":"Yang","full_name":"Xu, Yang"},{"last_name":"Skantze","first_name":"Gabriel","full_name":"Skantze, Gabriel"},{"last_name":"Buschmeier","first_name":"Hendrik","orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik","id":"76456"}],"year":"2024","title":"How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.210/"}],"project":[{"_id":"112","name":"TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)"}],"quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"ieee":"Y. Wang, Y. Xu, G. Skantze, and H. Buschmeier, “How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction,” in <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024</i>, Bangkok, Thailand, 2024, pp. 3533–3545.","apa":"Wang, Y., Xu, Y., Skantze, G., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (2024). How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction. <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024</i>, 3533–3545.","chicago":"Wang, Yu, Yang Xu, Gabriel Skantze, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “How Much Does Nonverbal Communication Conform to Entropy Rate Constancy?: A Case Study on Listener Gaze in Interaction.” In <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024</i>, 3533–3545. Bangkok, Thailand, 2024.","short":"Y. Wang, Y. Xu, G. Skantze, H. Buschmeier, in: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024, Bangkok, Thailand, 2024, pp. 3533–3545.","mla":"Wang, Yu, et al. “How Much Does Nonverbal Communication Conform to Entropy Rate Constancy?: A Case Study on Listener Gaze in Interaction.” <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024</i>, 2024, pp. 3533–3545.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Wang_Xu_Skantze_Buschmeier_2024, place={Bangkok, Thailand}, title={How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction}, booktitle={Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024}, author={Wang, Yu and Xu, Yang and Skantze, Gabriel and Buschmeier, Hendrik}, year={2024}, pages={3533–3545} }","ama":"Wang Y, Xu Y, Skantze G, Buschmeier H. How much does nonverbal communication conform to entropy rate constancy?: A case study on listener gaze in interaction. In: <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024</i>. ; 2024:3533–3545."},"oa":"1","place":"Bangkok, Thailand","conference":{"location":"Bangkok, Thailand","name":"62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics"},"status":"public","user_id":"76456","_id":"55911","page":"3533–3545"},{"conference":{"end_date":"2024-09-27","start_date":"2024-09-25","name":"2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium","location":"Frankfurt am Main, Germany"},"status":"public","_id":"56314","page":"38–39","user_id":"76456","citation":{"apa":"Riechmann, A. N., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (2024). Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives. <i>Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium</i>, 38–39.","ieee":"A. N. Riechmann and H. Buschmeier, “Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives,” in <i>Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium</i>, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2024, pp. 38–39.","short":"A.N. Riechmann, H. Buschmeier, in: Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2024, pp. 38–39.","chicago":"Riechmann, Alina Naomi, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Automatic Reconstruction of Dialogue Participants’ Coordinating Gaze Behavior from Multiple Camera Perspectives.” In <i>Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium</i>, 38–39. Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 2024.","mla":"Riechmann, Alina Naomi, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Automatic Reconstruction of Dialogue Participants’ Coordinating Gaze Behavior from Multiple Camera Perspectives.” <i>Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium</i>, 2024, pp. 38–39.","ama":"Riechmann AN, Buschmeier H. Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives. In: <i>Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium</i>. ; 2024:38–39.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Riechmann_Buschmeier_2024, place={Frankfurt am Main, Germany}, title={Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives}, booktitle={Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium}, author={Riechmann, Alina Naomi and Buschmeier, Hendrik}, year={2024}, pages={38–39} }"},"project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)","_id":"112"}],"quality_controlled":"1","place":"Frankfurt am Main, Germany","author":[{"full_name":"Riechmann, Alina Naomi","first_name":"Alina Naomi","last_name":"Riechmann"},{"full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik","first_name":"Hendrik","last_name":"Buschmeier","orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","id":"76456"}],"title":"Automatic reconstruction of dialogue participants’ coordinating gaze behavior from multiple camera perspectives","year":"2024","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-12T06:30:39Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Book of Abstracts of the 2nd International Multimodal Communication Symposium","extern":"1","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"poster","url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.27080500"}]},"date_created":"2024-10-03T16:08:04Z","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference_abstract"},{"date_updated":"2025-09-12T09:52:59Z","author":[{"id":"84035","full_name":"Spliethöver, Maximilian","last_name":"Spliethöver","first_name":"Maximilian","orcid":"0000-0003-4364-1409"},{"full_name":"Menon, Sai Nikhil","last_name":"Menon","first_name":"Sai Nikhil"},{"full_name":"Wachsmuth, Henning","last_name":"Wachsmuth","first_name":"Henning","id":"3900"}],"year":"2024","title":"Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness","doi":"10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.553/","open_access":"1"}],"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://github.com/webis-de/acl24-dialect-aware-bias-detection","relation":"software"}]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Dialects introduce syntactic and lexical variations in language that occur in regional or social groups. Most NLP methods are not sensitive to such variations. This may lead to unfair behavior of the methods, conveying negative bias towards dialect speakers. While previous work has studied dialect-related fairness for aspects like hate speech, other aspects of biased language, such as lewdness, remain fully unexplored. To fill this gap, we investigate performance disparities between dialects in the detection of five aspects of biased language and how to mitigate them. To alleviate bias, we present a multitask learning approach that models dialect language as an auxiliary task to incorporate syntactic and lexical variations. In our experiments with African-American English dialect, we provide empirical evidence that complementing common learning approaches with dialect modeling improves their fairness. Furthermore, the results suggest that multitask learning achieves state-of-the-art performance and helps to detect properties of biased language more reliably."}],"publication":"Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024","department":[{"_id":"600"},{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","date_created":"2025-02-20T08:18:01Z","status":"public","editor":[{"last_name":"Ku","first_name":"Lun-Wei","full_name":"Ku, Lun-Wei"},{"full_name":"Martins, Andre","first_name":"Andre","last_name":"Martins"},{"full_name":"Srikumar, Vivek","first_name":"Vivek","last_name":"Srikumar"}],"user_id":"84035","_id":"58722","publisher":"Association for Computational Linguistics","page":"9294–9313","project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - INF: TRR 318 - Project Area INF","_id":"118"}],"citation":{"mla":"Spliethöver, Maximilian, et al. “Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness.” <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024</i>, edited by Lun-Wei Ku et al., Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024, pp. 9294–9313, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>.","ama":"Spliethöver M, Menon SN, Wachsmuth H. Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness. In: Ku L-W, Martins A, Srikumar V, eds. <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024</i>. Association for Computational Linguistics; 2024:9294–9313. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Spliethöver_Menon_Wachsmuth_2024, place={Bangkok, Thailand}, title={Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>}, booktitle={Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024}, publisher={Association for Computational Linguistics}, author={Spliethöver, Maximilian and Menon, Sai Nikhil and Wachsmuth, Henning}, editor={Ku, Lun-Wei and Martins, Andre and Srikumar, Vivek}, year={2024}, pages={9294–9313} }","apa":"Spliethöver, M., Menon, S. N., &#38; Wachsmuth, H. (2024). Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness. In L.-W. Ku, A. Martins, &#38; V. Srikumar (Eds.), <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024</i> (pp. 9294–9313). Association for Computational Linguistics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>","ieee":"M. Spliethöver, S. N. Menon, and H. Wachsmuth, “Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness,” in <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024</i>, 2024, pp. 9294–9313, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>.","short":"M. Spliethöver, S.N. Menon, H. Wachsmuth, in: L.-W. Ku, A. Martins, V. Srikumar (Eds.), Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024, Association for Computational Linguistics, Bangkok, Thailand, 2024, pp. 9294–9313.","chicago":"Spliethöver, Maximilian, Sai Nikhil Menon, and Henning Wachsmuth. “Disentangling Dialect from Social Bias via Multitask Learning to Improve Fairness.” In <i>Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024</i>, edited by Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, and Vivek Srikumar, 9294–9313. Bangkok, Thailand: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553\">https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.553</a>."},"oa":"1","place":"Bangkok, Thailand"},{"ddc":["150"],"user_id":"98941","publisher":"IEEE","_id":"61273","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","conference":{"end_date":"2024-09-18","start_date":"2024-09-15","name":"12th International Conference on  Affective Computing & Intelligent Interaction","location":"Glasgow"},"project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - Teilprojekt A6 - Inklusive Ko-Konstruktion sozialer Signale des Verstehens","_id":"1200"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-09-15T11:18:01Z","citation":{"mla":"Paletschek, Jonas. “A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress.” <i>12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction</i>, IEEE, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Paletschek_2024, title={A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>}, booktitle={12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Paletschek, Jonas}, year={2024} }","ama":"Paletschek J. A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress. In: <i>12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction</i>. IEEE; 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>","ieee":"J. Paletschek, “A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress,” presented at the 12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction, Glasgow, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>.","apa":"Paletschek, J. (2024). A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress. <i>12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction</i>. 12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction, Glasgow. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>","short":"J. Paletschek, in: 12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction, IEEE, 2024.","chicago":"Paletschek, Jonas. “A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress.” In <i>12th International Conference on  Affective Computing &#38; Intelligent Interaction</i>. IEEE, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040\">https://doi.org/10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040</a>."},"doi":"10.1109/ACII63134.2024.00040","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-16T07:57:53Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2024","title":"A Paradigm to Investigate Social Signals of Understanding and Their Susceptibility to Stress","author":[{"full_name":"Paletschek, Jonas","last_name":"Paletschek","first_name":"Jonas","id":"98941"}],"keyword":["Understanding","Nonverbal Social Signals","Stress Induction","Explanation","Machine Learning Bias"],"type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"file":[{"date_created":"2025-09-15T11:18:01Z","creator":"paletsch","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"61274","file_size":8807478,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"ACII2024_Camera_Ready.pdf","date_updated":"2025-09-15T11:18:01Z","relation":"main_file"}],"date_created":"2025-09-15T11:24:56Z","abstract":[{"text":"In human-machine explanation interactions, such as tutoring systems or customer support chatbots, it is important for the machine explainer to infer the human user's understanding.  Nonverbal signals play an important role for expressing mental states like understanding and confusion in these interactions. However, an individual's expressions may vary depending on other factors. In cases where these factors are unknown, machine learning methods that infer understanding from nonverbal cues become unreliable. Stress for example has been shown to affect human expression, but it is not clear from the current research how stress affects the expression of understanding.\r\nTo address this gap, we design a paradigm that induces understanding and confusion through game rule explanations. During the explanations, self-perceived understanding and confusion are annotated by the participants. A stress condition is also introduced to enable the investigation of changes in the expression of social signals under stress.\r\nWe conducted a study to validate the stress induction and participants reported a statistically significant increase in stress during the stress condition compared to the neutral control condition. \r\nAdditionally, feedback from participants shows that the paradigm is effective in inducing understanding and confusion. \r\nThis paradigm paves the way for further studies investigating social signals of understanding to improve human-machine explanation interactions for varying contexts.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"12th International Conference on  Affective Computing & Intelligent Interaction"},{"doi":"10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-16T08:02:23Z","article_type":"review","intvolume":"        16","title":"Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review","year":"2024","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1949-3045","2371-9850"]},"author":[{"id":"97208","first_name":"David","last_name":"Johnson","full_name":"Johnson, David"},{"full_name":"Hakobyan, Olya","last_name":"Hakobyan","first_name":"Olya"},{"first_name":"Jonas","last_name":"Paletschek","full_name":"Paletschek, Jonas","id":"98941"},{"first_name":"Hanna","last_name":"Drimalla","full_name":"Drimalla, Hanna"}],"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"file":[{"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-09-16T07:34:27Z","file_name":"Explainable_AI_for_Audio_and_Visual_Affective_Computing_A_Scoping_Review.pdf","access_level":"closed","file_size":3252812,"file_id":"61291","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"johnson","date_created":"2025-09-16T07:34:27Z"}],"date_created":"2025-09-16T07:24:07Z","abstract":[{"text":"ffective computing often relies on audiovisual data to identify affective states from non-verbal signals, such as facial expressions and vocal cues. Since automatic affect recognition can be used in sensitive applications, such as healthcare and education, it is crucial to understand how models arrive at their decisions. Interpretability of machine learning models is the goal of the emerging research area of Explainable AI (explainable AI (XAI)). This scoping review aims to survey the field of audiovisual affective machine learning to identify how XAI is applied in this domain. We first provide an overview of XAI concepts relevant to affective computing. Next, following the recommended PRISMA guidelines, we perform a literature search in the ACM, IEEE, Web of Science and PubMed databases. After systematically reviewing 1190 articles, a final set of 65 papers is included in our analysis. We quantitatively summarize the scope, methods and evaluation of the XAI techniques used in the identified papers. Our findings show encouraging developments for using XAI to explain models in audiovisual affective computing, yet only a limited set of methods are used in the reviewed works. Following a critical discussion, we provide recommendations for incorporating interpretability in future work for affective machine learnin","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing","issue":"2","user_id":"97208","ddc":["000"],"volume":16,"page":"518-536","publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","_id":"61290","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","project":[{"_id":"110","name":"TRR 318 - Project Area A"},{"name":"TRR 318 - Teilprojekt IRG BI","_id":"1204"},{"name":"TRR 318 - Teilprojekt A6 - Inklusive Ko-Konstruktion sozialer Signale des Verstehens","_id":"1200"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-09-16T07:34:27Z","citation":{"ieee":"D. Johnson, O. Hakobyan, J. Paletschek, and H. Drimalla, “Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review,” <i>IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing</i>, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 518–536, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>.","apa":"Johnson, D., Hakobyan, O., Paletschek, J., &#38; Drimalla, H. (2024). Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review. <i>IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing</i>, <i>16</i>(2), 518–536. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>","short":"D. Johnson, O. Hakobyan, J. Paletschek, H. Drimalla, IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 16 (2024) 518–536.","chicago":"Johnson, David, Olya Hakobyan, Jonas Paletschek, and Hanna Drimalla. “Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing</i> 16, no. 2 (2024): 518–36. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>.","mla":"Johnson, David, et al. “Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review.” <i>IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing</i>, vol. 16, no. 2, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2024, pp. 518–36, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Johnson_Hakobyan_Paletschek_Drimalla_2024, title={Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review}, volume={16}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>}, number={2}, journal={IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing}, publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Johnson, David and Hakobyan, Olya and Paletschek, Jonas and Drimalla, Hanna}, year={2024}, pages={518–536} }","ama":"Johnson D, Hakobyan O, Paletschek J, Drimalla H. Explainable AI for Audio and Visual Affective Computing: A Scoping Review. <i>IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing</i>. 2024;16(2):518-536. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269\">10.1109/taffc.2024.3505269</a>"}},{"_id":"55429","user_id":"91864","ddc":["000"],"conference":{"start_date":"2024-07-24","name":"The Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society","location":"Rotterdam, NL","end_date":"2024-07-27"},"status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Battefeld, Dominik, Sigrid Mues, Tim Wehner, Patrick House, Christoph Kellinghaus, Jörg Wellmer, and Stefan Kopp. “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories.” In <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2024.","short":"D. Battefeld, S. Mues, T. Wehner, P. House, C. Kellinghaus, J. Wellmer, S. Kopp, in: Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, 2024.","apa":"Battefeld, D., Mues, S., Wehner, T., House, P., Kellinghaus, C., Wellmer, J., &#38; Kopp, S. (2024). Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories. <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>. The Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Rotterdam, NL.","ieee":"D. Battefeld <i>et al.</i>, “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories,” presented at the The Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, Rotterdam, NL, 2024.","ama":"Battefeld D, Mues S, Wehner T, et al. Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories. In: <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>. ; 2024.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Battefeld_Mues_Wehner_House_Kellinghaus_Wellmer_Kopp_2024, title={Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society}, author={Battefeld, Dominik and Mues, Sigrid and Wehner, Tim and House, Patrick and Kellinghaus, Christoph and Wellmer, Jörg and Kopp, Stefan}, year={2024} }","mla":"Battefeld, Dominik, et al. “Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories.” <i>Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, 2024."},"file_date_updated":"2024-07-30T08:21:13Z","project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - C5: TRR 318 - Subproject C5","_id":"128"}],"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Battefeld, Dominik","orcid":"0000-0002-5480-0594","last_name":"Battefeld","first_name":"Dominik","id":"91864"},{"full_name":"Mues, Sigrid","last_name":"Mues","first_name":"Sigrid"},{"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Wehner","full_name":"Wehner, Tim"},{"full_name":"House, Patrick","first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"House"},{"full_name":"Kellinghaus, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Kellinghaus"},{"full_name":"Wellmer, Jörg","first_name":"Jörg","last_name":"Wellmer"},{"full_name":"Kopp, Stefan","last_name":"Kopp","first_name":"Stefan"}],"year":"2024","title":"Revealing the Dynamics of Medical Diagnostic Reasoning as Step-by-Step Cognitive Process Trajectories","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-23T15:11:19Z","date_created":"2024-07-30T08:17:35Z","file":[{"creator":"doba2","date_created":"2024-07-30T08:21:13Z","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-30T08:21:13Z","file_name":"Battefeld_2024_Revealing-the-dynamics.pdf","access_level":"closed","file_size":486513,"file_id":"55430","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"department":[{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","keyword":["Differential Diagnosis","Diagnostic Reasoning","Reasoning Process Analysis","Seizure","Epilepsy"],"publication":"Proceedings of the 46th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","abstract":[{"text":"A detailed understanding of the cognitive process underlying diagnostic reasoning in medical experts is currently lacking. While high-level theories like hypothetico-deductive reasoning were proposed long ago, the inner workings of the step-by-step dynamics within the mind remain unknown. We present a fully automated approach to elicit, monitor, and record diagnostic reasoning processes at a fine-grained level. A web-based user interface enables physicians to carry out a full diagnosis process on a simulated patient, given as a pre-defined clinical vignette. By collecting the physician’s information queries and hypothesis revisions, highly detailed diagnostic reasoning trajectories are captured leading to a diagnosis and its justification. Four expert epileptologists with a mean experience of 19 years were recruited to evaluate the system and share their impressions in semi-structured interviews. We find that the recorded trajectories validate proposed theories on broader diagnostic reasoning, while also providing valuable additional details extending previous findings.","lang":"eng"}]},{"project":[{"_id":"125","name":"TRR 318 - C2: TRR 318 - Subproject C2"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Heid, Stefan, Jonas Manuel Hanselle, Johannes Fürnkranz, and Eyke Hüllermeier. “Learning Decision Catalogues for Situated Decision Making: The Case of Scoring Systems.” <i>International Journal of Approximate Reasoning</i> 171 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>.","short":"S. Heid, J.M. Hanselle, J. Fürnkranz, E. Hüllermeier, International Journal of Approximate Reasoning 171 (2024).","apa":"Heid, S., Hanselle, J. M., Fürnkranz, J., &#38; Hüllermeier, E. (2024). Learning decision catalogues for situated decision making: The case of scoring systems. <i>International Journal of Approximate Reasoning</i>, <i>171</i>, Article 109190. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>","ieee":"S. Heid, J. M. Hanselle, J. Fürnkranz, and E. Hüllermeier, “Learning decision catalogues for situated decision making: The case of scoring systems,” <i>International Journal of Approximate Reasoning</i>, vol. 171, Art. no. 109190, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>.","ama":"Heid S, Hanselle JM, Fürnkranz J, Hüllermeier E. Learning decision catalogues for situated decision making: The case of scoring systems. <i>International Journal of Approximate Reasoning</i>. 2024;171. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>","bibtex":"@article{Heid_Hanselle_Fürnkranz_Hüllermeier_2024, title={Learning decision catalogues for situated decision making: The case of scoring systems}, volume={171}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>}, number={109190}, journal={International Journal of Approximate Reasoning}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Heid, Stefan and Hanselle, Jonas Manuel and Fürnkranz, Johannes and Hüllermeier, Eyke}, year={2024} }","mla":"Heid, Stefan, et al. “Learning Decision Catalogues for Situated Decision Making: The Case of Scoring Systems.” <i>International Journal of Approximate Reasoning</i>, vol. 171, 109190, Elsevier BV, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190\">10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190</a>."},"user_id":"72497","volume":171,"_id":"54907","publisher":"Elsevier BV","status":"public","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"date_created":"2024-06-26T14:19:19Z","publication":"International Journal of Approximate Reasoning","doi":"10.1016/j.ijar.2024.109190","article_number":"109190","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-11-20T09:44:54Z","intvolume":"       171","year":"2024","title":"Learning decision catalogues for situated decision making: The case of scoring systems","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0888-613X"]},"author":[{"id":"39640","orcid":"0000-0002-9461-7372","last_name":"Heid","first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Heid, Stefan"},{"last_name":"Hanselle","orcid":"0000-0002-1231-4985","first_name":"Jonas Manuel","full_name":"Hanselle, Jonas Manuel","id":"43980"},{"full_name":"Fürnkranz, Johannes","last_name":"Fürnkranz","first_name":"Johannes"},{"id":"48129","first_name":"Eyke","last_name":"Hüllermeier","full_name":"Hüllermeier, Eyke"}]},{"project":[{"grant_number":"438445824","_id":"112","name":"TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)"}],"citation":{"apa":"Lazarov, S. T., &#38; Grimminger, A. (2024). Variations in explainers’ gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees’ understanding. <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, <i>46</i>.","ieee":"S. T. Lazarov and A. Grimminger, “Variations in explainers’ gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees’ understanding,” in <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, Rotterdam, 2024, vol. 46.","short":"S.T. Lazarov, A. Grimminger, in: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society, 2024.","chicago":"Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, and Angela Grimminger. “Variations in Explainers’ Gesture Deixis in Explanations Related to the Monitoring of Explainees’ Understanding.” In <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, Vol. 46, 2024.","mla":"Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, and Angela Grimminger. “Variations in Explainers’ Gesture Deixis in Explanations Related to the Monitoring of Explainees’ Understanding.” <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>, vol. 46, 2024.","ama":"Lazarov ST, Grimminger A. Variations in explainers’ gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees’ understanding. In: <i>Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society</i>. Vol 46. ; 2024.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Lazarov_Grimminger_2024, title={Variations in explainers’ gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees’ understanding}, volume={46}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society}, author={Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and Grimminger, Angela}, year={2024} }"},"oa":"1","conference":{"start_date":"2024-07-24","name":"Sognitive Science Society","location":"Rotterdam","end_date":"2024-07-27"},"status":"public","volume":46,"user_id":"90345","_id":"57204","abstract":[{"text":"In this study on the use of gesture deixis during explanations, a sample of 24 videorecorded dyadic interactions of a board game explanation was analyzed. The relation between the use of gesture deixis by different explainers and their interpretation of explainees' understanding was investigated. In addition, we describe explainers' intra-individual variations related to their interactions with three different explainees consecutively. While we did not find a relation between interpretations of explainees' complete understanding and a decrease in explainers' use of gesture deixis, we demonstrated that the overall use of gesture deixis is related to the process of interactional monitoring and the attendance of a different explainee.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"keyword":["explanation","gesture deixis","monitoring","understanding"],"type":"conference","date_created":"2024-11-18T13:40:09Z","intvolume":"        46","date_updated":"2024-11-18T13:40:39Z","publication_status":"published","author":[{"full_name":"Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov","orcid":"0009-0009-0892-9483","first_name":"Stefan Teodorov","last_name":"Lazarov","id":"90345"},{"first_name":"Angela","last_name":"Grimminger","full_name":"Grimminger, Angela","id":"57578"}],"year":"2024","title":"Variations in explainers’ gesture deixis in explanations related to the monitoring of explainees’ understanding","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7dz8n8tf"}]},{"type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"424"},{"_id":"660"}],"date_created":"2024-03-27T12:16:33Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Negated statements require more processing efforts than assertions. However, in certain contexts, repeating negations undergo adaptation, which over time mitigates the effort.\r\nHere, we ask negations hamper visual processing and whether consecutive repetitions mitigate its influence. \r\nWe assessed the overall attentional capacity and its distribution, the relative weight, quantitatively using \r\nthe formal Theory of Visual Attention (TVA).\r\nWe employed a very simple form for negations, binary negations. Negated instructions, expressing the only alternative to the core supposition, were cognitively demanding, resulting in a loss of attentional capacity in three experiments. The overall attentional capacity recovered gradually but stagnated at a lower level than with assertions, even after many repetitions. Additionally, negations distributed the attention equally between target and reference stimulus. Repetitions slightly increased the reference' share of attention. Assertions, on the other hand, shifted the attentional weight towards the target. Few repetitions slightly decreased the bias towards the target, many repetitions increased the bias."}],"publication":"Frontiers in Psychology","doi":"10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309/abstract"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2024-12-02T09:41:36Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        15","article_type":"original","year":"2024","title":"Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution","author":[{"id":"38219","orcid":"0000-0002-5946-4542","first_name":"Ngoc Chi","last_name":"Banh","full_name":"Banh, Ngoc Chi"},{"full_name":"Tünnermann, Jan","first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Tünnermann"},{"id":"50352","last_name":"Rohlfing","first_name":"Katharina J.","full_name":"Rohlfing, Katharina J."},{"full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","id":"451"}],"oa":"1","project":[{"_id":"115","grant_number":"438445824","name":"TRR 318 - A05: TRR 318 - Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog (Teilprojekt A05)"},{"name":"PC2: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing","_id":"52"}],"citation":{"ieee":"N. C. Banh, J. Tünnermann, K. J. Rohlfing, and I. Scharlau, “Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 15, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>.","apa":"Banh, N. C., Tünnermann, J., Rohlfing, K. J., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2024). Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, <i>15</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>","short":"N.C. Banh, J. Tünnermann, K.J. Rohlfing, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 15 (2024).","chicago":"Banh, Ngoc Chi, Jan Tünnermann, Katharina J. Rohlfing, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 15 (2024). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>.","mla":"Banh, Ngoc Chi, et al. “Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol. 15, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Banh_Tünnermann_Rohlfing_Scharlau_2024, title={Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Banh, Ngoc Chi and Tünnermann, Jan and Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2024} }","ama":"Banh NC, Tünnermann J, Rohlfing KJ, Scharlau I. Benefiting from Binary Negations? Verbal Negations Decrease Visual Attention and Balance Its Distribution. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309\">10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1451309</a>"},"user_id":"38219","volume":15,"_id":"53072","status":"public"},{"department":[{"_id":"600"},{"_id":"660"}],"type":"conference","date_created":"2024-07-26T13:04:25Z","place":"Torino, Italia","project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - INF: TRR 318 - Project Area INF","_id":"118"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Explanations are pervasive in our lives. Mostly, they occur in dialogical form where an explainer discusses a concept or phenomenon of interest with an explainee. Leaving the explainee with a clear understanding is not straightforward due to the knowledge gap between the two participants. Previous research looked at the interaction of explanation moves, dialogue acts, and topics in successful dialogues with expert explainers. However, daily-life explanations often fail, raising the question of what makes a dialogue successful. In this work, we study explanation dialogues in terms of the interactions between the explainer and explainee and how they correlate with the quality of explanations in terms of a successful understanding on the explainee{’}s side. In particular, we first construct a corpus of 399 dialogues from the Reddit forum {Explain Like I am Five} and annotate it for interaction flows and explanation quality. We then analyze the interaction flows, comparing them to those appearing in expert dialogues. Finally, we encode the interaction flows using two language models that can handle long inputs, and we provide empirical evidence for the effectiveness boost gained through the encoding in predicting the success of explanation dialogues.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ieee":"M. Alshomary, F. Lange, M. Booshehri, M. Sengupta, P. Cimiano, and H. Wachsmuth, “Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations,” in <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)</i>, 2024, pp. 11523–11536.","apa":"Alshomary, M., Lange, F., Booshehri, M., Sengupta, M., Cimiano, P., &#38; Wachsmuth, H. (2024). Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations. In N. Calzolari, M.-Y. Kan, V. Hoste, A. Lenci, S. Sakti, &#38; N. Xue (Eds.), <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)</i> (pp. 11523–11536). ELRA and ICCL.","mla":"Alshomary, Milad, et al. “Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations.” <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)</i>, edited by Nicoletta Calzolari et al., ELRA and ICCL, 2024, pp. 11523–11536.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Alshomary_Lange_Booshehri_Sengupta_Cimiano_Wachsmuth_2024, place={Torino, Italia}, title={Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)}, publisher={ELRA and ICCL}, author={Alshomary, Milad and Lange, Felix and Booshehri, Meisam and Sengupta, Meghdut and Cimiano, Philipp and Wachsmuth, Henning}, editor={Calzolari, Nicoletta and Kan, Min-Yen and Hoste, Veronique and Lenci, Alessandro and Sakti, Sakriani and Xue, Nianwen}, year={2024}, pages={11523–11536} }","short":"M. Alshomary, F. Lange, M. Booshehri, M. Sengupta, P. Cimiano, H. Wachsmuth, in: N. Calzolari, M.-Y. Kan, V. Hoste, A. Lenci, S. Sakti, N. Xue (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024), ELRA and ICCL, Torino, Italia, 2024, pp. 11523–11536.","ama":"Alshomary M, Lange F, Booshehri M, Sengupta M, Cimiano P, Wachsmuth H. Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations. In: Calzolari N, Kan M-Y, Hoste V, Lenci A, Sakti S, Xue N, eds. <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)</i>. ELRA and ICCL; 2024:11523–11536.","chicago":"Alshomary, Milad, Felix Lange, Meisam Booshehri, Meghdut Sengupta, Philipp Cimiano, and Henning Wachsmuth. “Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)</i>, edited by Nicoletta Calzolari, Min-Yen Kan, Veronique Hoste, Alessandro Lenci, Sakriani Sakti, and Nianwen Xue, 11523–11536. Torino, Italia: ELRA and ICCL, 2024."},"publication":"Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)","editor":[{"first_name":"Nicoletta","last_name":"Calzolari","full_name":"Calzolari, Nicoletta"},{"full_name":"Kan, Min-Yen","last_name":"Kan","first_name":"Min-Yen"},{"last_name":"Hoste","first_name":"Veronique","full_name":"Hoste, Veronique"},{"first_name":"Alessandro","last_name":"Lenci","full_name":"Lenci, Alessandro"},{"full_name":"Sakti, Sakriani","first_name":"Sakriani","last_name":"Sakti"},{"full_name":"Xue, Nianwen","last_name":"Xue","first_name":"Nianwen"}],"user_id":"67893","_id":"55404","publisher":"ELRA and ICCL","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"page":"11523–11536","date_updated":"2024-12-17T11:30:25Z","author":[{"full_name":"Alshomary, Milad","first_name":"Milad","last_name":"Alshomary","id":"73059"},{"first_name":"Felix","last_name":"Lange","full_name":"Lange, Felix","id":"67893"},{"first_name":"Meisam","last_name":"Booshehri","full_name":"Booshehri, Meisam"},{"first_name":"Meghdut","last_name":"Sengupta","full_name":"Sengupta, Meghdut","id":"99459"},{"first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Cimiano","full_name":"Cimiano, Philipp"},{"first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Wachsmuth","full_name":"Wachsmuth, Henning","id":"3900"}],"title":"Modeling the Quality of Dialogical Explanations","status":"public","year":"2024"},{"date_updated":"2025-01-08T11:59:34Z","article_type":"original","intvolume":"         3","title":"When to use a metaphor: Metaphors in dialogical explanations with addressees of different expertise","year":"2024","author":[{"id":"451","orcid":"0000-0003-2364-9489","last_name":"Scharlau","first_name":"Ingrid","full_name":"Scharlau, Ingrid"},{"last_name":"Körber","first_name":"Miriam","full_name":"Körber, Miriam"},{"full_name":"Sengupta, Meghdut","last_name":"Sengupta","first_name":"Meghdut"},{"full_name":"Wachsmuth, Henning","first_name":"Henning","last_name":"Wachsmuth"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/language-sciences/articles/10.3389/flang.2024.1474924/full","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The present study aims to understand how metaphors are used in explanations. According to many current theories, metaphors have a conceptual function for the understanding of abstract objects. From this theoretical assumption, we derived the hypothesis that the lower the expertise of the addressee of an explanation, the more metaphors should be used. We tested this hypothesis on a relatively natural data set of 24 published videos with close to 100,000 words overall in which experts explain abstract, mostly scientific concepts to persons of different expertise, varying from minimal (children) to profound (expert). Contrary to our expectations, the frequency of metaphors did not decrease with expertise, but actually increased. This increase could be statistically substantiated with higher differences in expertise. The study contributes to a better understanding of the use of metaphors in actual explanatory processes and how metaphor use depends on contextual factors. It thus supports the expansion of the conceptual and linguistic perspective on metaphors to include the aspect of how metaphors are used by speakers.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Frontiers in Language Sciences","type":"journal_article","keyword":["metaphor","conceptual metaphor","conceptual metaphor theory","metaphor usage","explaining","explanation"],"department":[{"_id":"660"}],"date_created":"2025-01-08T11:59:24Z","status":"public","user_id":"451","volume":3,"page":"1474924","funded_apc":"1","_id":"58109","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"127","name":"TRR 318 - C4: TRR 318 - Subproject C4 - Metaphern als Werkzeug des Erklärens"}],"citation":{"ieee":"I. Scharlau, M. Körber, M. Sengupta, and H. Wachsmuth, “When to use a metaphor: Metaphors in dialogical explanations with addressees of different expertise,” <i>Frontiers in Language Sciences</i>, vol. 3, p. 1474924, 2024.","apa":"Scharlau, I., Körber, M., Sengupta, M., &#38; Wachsmuth, H. (2024). When to use a metaphor: Metaphors in dialogical explanations with addressees of different expertise. <i>Frontiers in Language Sciences</i>, <i>3</i>, 1474924.","short":"I. Scharlau, M. Körber, M. Sengupta, H. Wachsmuth, Frontiers in Language Sciences 3 (2024) 1474924.","chicago":"Scharlau, Ingrid, Miriam Körber, Meghdut Sengupta, and Henning Wachsmuth. “When to Use a Metaphor: Metaphors in Dialogical Explanations with Addressees of Different Expertise.” <i>Frontiers in Language Sciences</i> 3 (2024): 1474924.","mla":"Scharlau, Ingrid, et al. “When to Use a Metaphor: Metaphors in Dialogical Explanations with Addressees of Different Expertise.” <i>Frontiers in Language Sciences</i>, vol. 3, 2024, p. 1474924.","bibtex":"@article{Scharlau_Körber_Sengupta_Wachsmuth_2024, title={When to use a metaphor: Metaphors in dialogical explanations with addressees of different expertise}, volume={3}, journal={Frontiers in Language Sciences}, author={Scharlau, Ingrid and Körber, Miriam and Sengupta, Meghdut and Wachsmuth, Henning}, year={2024}, pages={1474924} }","ama":"Scharlau I, Körber M, Sengupta M, Wachsmuth H. When to use a metaphor: Metaphors in dialogical explanations with addressees of different expertise. <i>Frontiers in Language Sciences</i>. 2024;3:1474924."},"oa":"1"},{"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1145/3648505.3648509","year":"2024","title":"Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems","author":[{"full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik","last_name":"Buschmeier","first_name":"Hendrik","orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","id":"76456"},{"full_name":"Cimiano, Philipp","first_name":"Philipp","last_name":"Cimiano"},{"first_name":"Stefan","last_name":"Kopp","full_name":"Kopp, Stefan"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5654-9911","first_name":"Jaroslaw","last_name":"Kornowicz","full_name":"Kornowicz, Jaroslaw","id":"44029"},{"full_name":"Lammert, Olesja","last_name":"Lammert","first_name":"Olesja","orcid":"0000-0001-8201-5166","id":"47384"},{"full_name":"Matarese, Marco","first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Matarese"},{"last_name":"Mindlin","first_name":"Dimitry","full_name":"Mindlin, Dimitry"},{"full_name":"Robrecht, Amelie Sophie","first_name":"Amelie Sophie","last_name":"Robrecht"},{"first_name":"Anna-Lisa","last_name":"Vollmer","full_name":"Vollmer, Anna-Lisa","id":"86589"},{"full_name":"Wagner, Petra","first_name":"Petra","last_name":"Wagner","id":"74505"},{"last_name":"Wrede","first_name":"Britta","full_name":"Wrede, Britta"},{"full_name":"Booshehri, Meisam","last_name":"Booshehri","first_name":"Meisam","id":"93424"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-03-14T19:24:35Z","date_created":"2024-07-26T11:57:31Z","type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"184"},{"_id":"178"},{"_id":"660"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In this paper we consider the interactive processes by which an explainer and an explainee cooperate to produce an explanation, which we refer to as co-construction. Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is concerned with the development of intelligent systems and robots that can explain and justify their actions, decisions, recommendations, and so on. However, the cooperative construction of explanations remains a key but under-explored issue. This short paper proposes an architecture for intelligent systems that promotes a co-constructive and interactive approach to explanation generation. By outlining its basic components and their specific roles, we aim to contribute to the advancement of XAI computational frameworks that actively engage users in the explanation process."}],"page":"20-25","_id":"55403","publisher":"ACM","user_id":"44029","status":"public","conference":{"name":"2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering","location":"Lisbon, Portugal"},"oa":"1","citation":{"ieee":"H. Buschmeier <i>et al.</i>, “Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems,” in <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering</i>, Lisbon, Portugal, 2024, pp. 20–25, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>.","apa":"Buschmeier, H., Cimiano, P., Kopp, S., Kornowicz, J., Lammert, O., Matarese, M., Mindlin, D., Robrecht, A. S., Vollmer, A.-L., Wagner, P., Wrede, B., &#38; Booshehri, M. (2024). Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems. <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering</i>, 20–25. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>","chicago":"Buschmeier, Hendrik, Philipp Cimiano, Stefan Kopp, Jaroslaw Kornowicz, Olesja Lammert, Marco Matarese, Dimitry Mindlin, et al. “Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering</i>, 20–25. ACM, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>.","short":"H. Buschmeier, P. Cimiano, S. Kopp, J. Kornowicz, O. Lammert, M. Matarese, D. Mindlin, A.S. Robrecht, A.-L. Vollmer, P. Wagner, B. Wrede, M. Booshehri, in: Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering, ACM, 2024, pp. 20–25.","mla":"Buschmeier, Hendrik, et al. “Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems.” <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering</i>, ACM, 2024, pp. 20–25, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Buschmeier_Cimiano_Kopp_Kornowicz_Lammert_Matarese_Mindlin_Robrecht_Vollmer_Wagner_et al._2024, title={Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering}, publisher={ACM}, author={Buschmeier, Hendrik and Cimiano, Philipp and Kopp, Stefan and Kornowicz, Jaroslaw and Lammert, Olesja and Matarese, Marco and Mindlin, Dimitry and Robrecht, Amelie Sophie and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Wagner, Petra and et al.}, year={2024}, pages={20–25} }","ama":"Buschmeier H, Cimiano P, Kopp S, et al. Towards a Computational Architecture for Co-Constructive Explainable Systems. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Workshop on Explainability Engineering</i>. ACM; 2024:20-25. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3648505.3648509\">10.1145/3648505.3648509</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - C2: TRR 318 - Subproject C2","_id":"125"},{"_id":"113","name":"TRR 318 - A3: TRR 318 - Subproject A3"},{"name":"TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)","_id":"112","grant_number":"438445824"},{"_id":"118","name":"TRR 318 - INF: TRR 318 - Project Area INF"}]},{"place":"San José, Costa Rica","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"112","name":"TRR 318 - A02: TRR 318 - Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten (Teilprojekt A02)"}],"citation":{"ieee":"O. Türk, S. T. Lazarov, Y. Wang, H. Buschmeier, A. Grimminger, and P. Wagner, “Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues,” in <i>Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction</i>, San José, Costa Rica, 2024, pp. 449–458, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>.","apa":"Türk, O., Lazarov, S. T., Wang, Y., Buschmeier, H., Grimminger, A., &#38; Wagner, P. (2024). Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues. <i>Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction</i>, 449–458. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>","chicago":"Türk, Olcay, Stefan Teodorov Lazarov, Yu Wang, Hendrik Buschmeier, Angela Grimminger, and Petra Wagner. “Predictability of Understanding in Explanatory Interactions Based on Multimodal Cues.” In <i>Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction</i>, 449–58. San José, Costa Rica, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>.","short":"O. Türk, S.T. Lazarov, Y. Wang, H. Buschmeier, A. Grimminger, P. Wagner, in: Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, San José, Costa Rica, 2024, pp. 449–458.","mla":"Türk, Olcay, et al. “Predictability of Understanding in Explanatory Interactions Based on Multimodal Cues.” <i>Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction</i>, 2024, pp. 449–58, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Türk_Lazarov_Wang_Buschmeier_Grimminger_Wagner_2024, place={San José, Costa Rica}, title={Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction}, author={Türk, Olcay and Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and Wang, Yu and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Grimminger, Angela and Wagner, Petra}, year={2024}, pages={449–458} }","ama":"Türk O, Lazarov ST, Wang Y, Buschmeier H, Grimminger A, Wagner P. Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues. In: <i>Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction</i>. ; 2024:449-458. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1145/3678957.3685741\">10.1145/3678957.3685741</a>"},"user_id":"57578","page":"449-458","_id":"55912","status":"public","conference":{"start_date":"2024-11-04","name":"The 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","location":"San José, Costa Rica","end_date":"2024-11-08"},"type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"date_created":"2024-08-30T07:42:55Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In explanatory interactions, explainees are expected to continuously provide feedback to explainers by signaling whether they understand an ongoing explanation. The study presented in this paper is based on the hypothesis that explainees use a set of multimodal cues, including vocalizations, facial expressions, and movements of the torso, head, and hands, to do so. We test this hypothesis by building a random forest classifier based on a multimodal corpus of dyadic explanations (21 explainers and explainees), in which windows of understanding or non-understanding were identified by participants in a retrospective video recall task. Results show that sequences of understanding can indeed be differentiated from those of non-understanding, and that a diverse set of predictors covering a wide range of modalities contributes to this classification. Due to data sparsity and a high degree of individual variation, the generalizability of our results is currently limited, but they support our hypothesis of the relevance of multimodal display in explanatory interactions."}],"publication":"Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction","doi":"10.1145/3678957.3685741","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-02T14:46:03Z","title":"Predictability of understanding in explanatory interactions based on multimodal cues","year":"2024","author":[{"last_name":"Türk","first_name":"Olcay","full_name":"Türk, Olcay"},{"orcid":"0009-0009-0892-9483","last_name":"Lazarov","first_name":"Stefan Teodorov","full_name":"Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov","id":"90345"},{"first_name":"Yu","last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Yu"},{"full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik","first_name":"Hendrik","last_name":"Buschmeier","orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","id":"76456"},{"id":"57578","last_name":"Grimminger","first_name":"Angela","full_name":"Grimminger, Angela"},{"last_name":"Wagner","first_name":"Petra","full_name":"Wagner, Petra","id":"74505"}]},{"publication":"Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","abstract":[{"text":"We examine how users perceive the limitations of an AI system when it encounters a task that it cannot perform perfectly and whether providing explanations alongside its answers aids users in constructing an appropriate mental model of the system's capabilities and limitations. We employ a visual question answer and explanation task where we control the AI system's limitations by manipulating the visual inputs: during inference, the system either processes full-color or grayscale images. Our goal is to determine whether participants can perceive the limitations of the system. We hypothesize that explanations will make limited AI capabilities more transparent to users. However, our results show that explanations do not have this effect. Instead of allowing users to more accurately assess the limitations of the AI system, explanations generally increase users' perceptions of the system's competence – regardless of its actual performance.","lang":"eng"}],"extern":"1","date_created":"2025-09-11T07:22:05Z","type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"660"}],"year":"2024","title":"The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems","author":[{"last_name":"Sieker","first_name":"Judith","full_name":"Sieker, Judith"},{"full_name":"Junker, Simeon","first_name":"Simeon","last_name":"Junker"},{"first_name":"Ronja","last_name":"Utescher","full_name":"Utescher, Ronja"},{"last_name":"Attari","first_name":"Nazia","full_name":"Attari, Nazia"},{"first_name":"Heiko","last_name":"Wersing","full_name":"Wersing, Heiko"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9613-5713","first_name":"Hendrik","last_name":"Buschmeier","full_name":"Buschmeier, Hendrik","id":"76456"},{"first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Zarrieß","full_name":"Zarrieß, Sina"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-11T10:14:50Z","publication_status":"published","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084","citation":{"short":"J. Sieker, S. Junker, R. Utescher, N. Attari, H. Wersing, H. Buschmeier, S. Zarrieß, in: Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, ACL, Miami, FL, USA, 2024, pp. 19459–19475.","chicago":"Sieker, Judith, Simeon Junker, Ronja Utescher, Nazia Attari, Heiko Wersing, Hendrik Buschmeier, and Sina Zarrieß. “The Illusion of Competence: Evaluating the Effect of Explanations on Users’ Mental Models of Visual Question Answering Systems.” In <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</i>, 19459–19475. Miami, FL, USA: ACL, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>.","ieee":"J. Sieker <i>et al.</i>, “The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems,” in <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</i>, Miami, FL, USA, 2024, pp. 19459–19475, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>.","apa":"Sieker, J., Junker, S., Utescher, R., Attari, N., Wersing, H., Buschmeier, H., &#38; Zarrieß, S. (2024). The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems. <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</i>, 19459–19475. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Sieker_Junker_Utescher_Attari_Wersing_Buschmeier_Zarrieß_2024, place={Miami, FL, USA}, title={The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>}, booktitle={Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing}, publisher={ACL}, author={Sieker, Judith and Junker, Simeon and Utescher, Ronja and Attari, Nazia and Wersing, Heiko and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Zarrieß, Sina}, year={2024}, pages={19459–19475} }","ama":"Sieker J, Junker S, Utescher R, et al. The illusion of competence: Evaluating the effect of explanations on users’ mental models of visual question answering systems. In: <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</i>. ACL; 2024:19459–19475. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>","mla":"Sieker, Judith, et al. “The Illusion of Competence: Evaluating the Effect of Explanations on Users’ Mental Models of Visual Question Answering Systems.” <i>Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</i>, ACL, 2024, pp. 19459–19475, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084\">10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1084</a>."},"quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"_id":"112","name":"TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten"}],"place":"Miami, FL, USA","oa":"1","status":"public","conference":{"start_date":"2024-11-12","name":"2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)","location":"Miami, FL, USA","end_date":"2024-11-16"},"page":"19459–19475","publisher":"ACL","_id":"61179","user_id":"76456"},{"user_id":"72602","ddc":["000"],"_id":"48355","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","conference":{"name":"ITG Conference on Speech Communication","start_date":"2023-09-20","location":"Aachen","end_date":"2023-09-22"},"oa":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2310.12599"]},"project":[{"name":"TRR 318 - C06: TRR 318 - Technisch unterstütztes Erklären von Stimmcharakteristika (Teilprojekt C06)","grant_number":"438445824","_id":"129"}],"file_date_updated":"2023-10-20T08:20:58Z","citation":{"bibtex":"@inproceedings{Rautenberg_Kuhlmann_Wiechmann_Seebauer_Wagner_Haeb-Umbach_2023, title={On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations}, booktitle={ITG Conference on Speech Communication}, author={Rautenberg, Frederik and Kuhlmann, Michael and Wiechmann, Jana and Seebauer, Fritz and Wagner, Petra and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2023} }","ama":"Rautenberg F, Kuhlmann M, Wiechmann J, Seebauer F, Wagner P, Haeb-Umbach R. On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations. In: <i>ITG Conference on Speech Communication</i>. ; 2023.","mla":"Rautenberg, Frederik, et al. “On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations.” <i>ITG Conference on Speech Communication</i>, 2023.","chicago":"Rautenberg, Frederik, Michael Kuhlmann, Jana Wiechmann, Fritz Seebauer, Petra Wagner, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations.” In <i>ITG Conference on Speech Communication</i>, 2023.","short":"F. Rautenberg, M. Kuhlmann, J. Wiechmann, F. Seebauer, P. Wagner, R. Haeb-Umbach, in: ITG Conference on Speech Communication, 2023.","ieee":"F. Rautenberg, M. Kuhlmann, J. Wiechmann, F. Seebauer, P. Wagner, and R. Haeb-Umbach, “On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations,” presented at the ITG Conference on Speech Communication, Aachen, 2023.","apa":"Rautenberg, F., Kuhlmann, M., Wiechmann, J., Seebauer, F., Wagner, P., &#38; Haeb-Umbach, R. (2023). On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations. <i>ITG Conference on Speech Communication</i>. ITG Conference on Speech Communication, Aachen."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.12599","open_access":"1"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2023-11-22T13:44:33Z","title":"On Feature Importance and Interpretability of Speaker Representations","year":"2023","author":[{"id":"72602","first_name":"Frederik","last_name":"Rautenberg","full_name":"Rautenberg, Frederik"},{"full_name":"Kuhlmann, Michael","last_name":"Kuhlmann","first_name":"Michael","id":"49871"},{"last_name":"Wiechmann","first_name":"Jana","full_name":"Wiechmann, Jana"},{"last_name":"Seebauer","first_name":"Fritz","full_name":"Seebauer, Fritz"},{"full_name":"Wagner, Petra","first_name":"Petra","last_name":"Wagner"},{"last_name":"Haeb-Umbach","first_name":"Reinhold","full_name":"Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold","id":"242"}],"type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"54"},{"_id":"660"}],"file":[{"file_id":"48359","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2023-10-20T08:20:58Z","file_name":"arxiv.pdf","file_size":272390,"access_level":"closed","date_created":"2023-10-20T08:20:58Z","creator":"frra"}],"date_created":"2023-10-20T08:04:46Z","abstract":[{"text":"Unsupervised speech disentanglement aims at separating fast varying from\r\nslowly varying components of a speech signal. In this contribution, we take a\r\ncloser look at the embedding vector representing the slowly varying signal\r\ncomponents, commonly named the speaker embedding vector. We ask, which\r\nproperties of a speaker's voice are captured and investigate to which extent do\r\nindividual embedding vector components sign responsible for them, using the\r\nconcept of Shapley values. Our findings show that certain speaker-specific\r\nacoustic-phonetic properties can be fairly well predicted from the speaker\r\nembedding, while the investigated more abstract voice quality features cannot.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"ITG Conference on Speech Communication"}]