---
_id: '63446'
citation:
  ama: Dörre R, Laut-Berger C, Pilipets E, Schulz C, eds. <i>Was waren soziale Medien?
    Begriffe im Wandel</i>. Vol 1. Universi Verlag
  apa: Was waren soziale Medien? Begriffe im Wandel. (n.d.). In R. Dörre, C. Laut-Berger,
    E. Pilipets, &#38; C. Schulz (Eds.), <i>Navigationen. Zeitschrift für Medien-
    und Kulturwissenschaften</i> (Vol. 1). Universi Verlag.
  bibtex: '@book{Dörre_Laut-Berger_Pilipets_Schulz, title={Was waren soziale Medien?
    Begriffe im Wandel}, volume={1}, journal={Navigationen. Zeitschrift für Medien-
    und Kulturwissenschaften}, publisher={Universi Verlag} }'
  chicago: Dörre, Robert, Christina Laut-Berger, Elena  Pilipets, and Christian Schulz,
    eds. <i>Was waren soziale Medien? Begriffe im Wandel</i>. <i>Navigationen. Zeitschrift
    für Medien- und Kulturwissenschaften</i>. Vol. 1. Universi Verlag, n.d.
  ieee: R. Dörre, C. Laut-Berger, E. Pilipets, and C. Schulz, Eds., <i>Was waren soziale
    Medien? Begriffe im Wandel</i>, vol. 1. Universi Verlag.
  mla: Dörre, Robert, et al., editors. “Was waren soziale Medien? Begriffe im Wandel.”
    <i>Navigationen. Zeitschrift für Medien- und Kulturwissenschaften</i>, vol. 1,
    Universi Verlag.
  short: R. Dörre, C. Laut-Berger, E. Pilipets, C. Schulz, eds., Was waren soziale
    Medien? Begriffe im Wandel, Universi Verlag, n.d.
date_created: 2026-01-05T09:12:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-21T08:30:31Z
department:
- _id: '757'
- _id: '660'
editor:
- first_name: Robert
  full_name: Dörre, Robert
  last_name: Dörre
- first_name: Christina
  full_name: Laut-Berger, Christina
  last_name: Laut-Berger
- first_name: 'Elena '
  full_name: 'Pilipets, Elena '
  last_name: Pilipets
- first_name: Christian
  full_name: Schulz, Christian
  id: '72684'
  last_name: Schulz
intvolume: '         1'
language:
- iso: ger
publication: Navigationen. Zeitschrift für Medien- und Kulturwissenschaften
publication_status: unpublished
publisher: Universi Verlag
status: public
title: Was waren soziale Medien? Begriffe im Wandel
type: journal_editor
user_id: '72684'
volume: 1
year: '2027'
...
---
_id: '63611'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: When humans interact with artificial intelligence (AI), one desideratum is
    appropriate trust. Typically, appropriate trust encompasses that humans trust
    AI except for instances in which they either explicitly notice AI errors or are
    suspicious that errors could be present. So far, appropriate trust or related
    notions have mainly been investigated by assessing trust and reliance. In this
    contribution, we argue that these assessments are insufficient to measure the
    complex aim of appropriate trust and the related notion of healthy distrust. We
    introduce and test the perspective of covert visual attention as an additional
    indicator for appropriate trust and draw conceptual connections to the notion
    of healthy distrust. To test the validity of our conceptualization, we formalize
    visual attention using the Theory of Visual Attention and measure its properties
    that are potentially relevant to appropriate trust and healthy distrust in an
    image classification task. Based on temporal-order judgment performance, we estimate
    participants' attentional capacity and attentional weight toward correct and incorrect
    mock-up AI classifications. We observe that misclassifications reduce attentional
    capacity compared to correct classifications. However, our results do not indicate
    that this reduction is beneficial for a subsequent judgment of the classifications.
    The attentional weighting is not affected by the classifications' correctness
    but by the difficulty of categorizing the stimuli themselves. We discuss these
    results, their implications, and the limited potential for using visual attention
    as an indicator of appropriate trust and healthy distrust.
article_number: '1694367'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tobias Martin
  full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
  id: '92810'
  last_name: Peters
  orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Kai
  full_name: Biermeier, Kai
  id: '55908'
  last_name: Biermeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-2879-2359
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
  ama: 'Peters TM, Biermeier K, Scharlau I. Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI
    interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>.
    2026;16. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>'
  apa: 'Peters, T. M., Biermeier, K., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2026). Assessing healthy
    distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention. <i>Frontiers
    in Psychology</i>, <i>16</i>, Article 1694367. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Peters_Biermeier_Scharlau_2026, title={Assessing healthy distrust
    in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention}, volume={16},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>},
    number={1694367}, journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, publisher={Frontiers Media
    SA}, author={Peters, Tobias Martin and Biermeier, Kai and Scharlau, Ingrid}, year={2026}
    }'
  chicago: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, Kai Biermeier, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Assessing
    Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction: Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.”
    <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i> 16 (2026). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. M. Peters, K. Biermeier, and I. Scharlau, “Assessing healthy distrust
    in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in visual attention,” <i>Frontiers
    in Psychology</i>, vol. 16, Art. no. 1694367, 2026, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>.'
  mla: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, et al. “Assessing Healthy Distrust in Human-AI Interaction:
    Interpreting Changes in Visual Attention.” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>, vol.
    16, 1694367, Frontiers Media SA, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367</a>.'
  short: T.M. Peters, K. Biermeier, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2026).
date_created: 2026-01-14T14:21:59Z
date_updated: 2026-01-14T14:29:03Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1694367
intvolume: '        16'
keyword:
- appropriate trust
- healthy distrust
- visual attention
- Theory of Visual Attention
- human-AI interaction
- Bayesian cognitive model
- image classification
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
  name: 'TRR 318 ; TP C01: Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Frontiers in Psychology
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1664-1078
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media SA
status: public
title: 'Assessing healthy distrust in human-AI interaction: interpreting changes in
  visual attention'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
volume: 16
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61323'
author:
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  last_name: Buschmeier
- first_name: Katharina Justine
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina Justine
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Meisam
  full_name: Booshehri, Meisam
  last_name: Booshehri
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: 'Wrede B, Buschmeier H, Rohlfing KJ, Booshehri M, Grimminger A. Incremental
    communication. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, Lim BY, eds.
    <i>Social Explainable AI</i>. Springer; 2026:227-245. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12</a>'
  apa: Wrede, B., Buschmeier, H., Rohlfing, K. J., Booshehri, M., &#38; Grimminger,
    A. (2026). Incremental communication. In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar,
    K. Thommes, &#38; B. Y. Lim (Eds.), <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 227–245).
    Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Wrede_Buschmeier_Rohlfing_Booshehri_Grimminger_2026, title={Incremental
    communication}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Wrede, Britta
    and Buschmeier, Hendrik and Rohlfing, Katharina Justine and Booshehri, Meisam
    and Grimminger, Angela}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and
    Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten and Lim, Brian Y.}, year={2026}, pages={227–245}
    }'
  chicago: Wrede, Britta, Hendrik Buschmeier, Katharina Justine Rohlfing, Meisam Booshehri,
    and Angela Grimminger. “Incremental Communication.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>,
    edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Suzana Alpsancar, Kirsten Thommes,
    and Brian Y. Lim, 227–45. Springer, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12</a>.
  ieee: B. Wrede, H. Buschmeier, K. J. Rohlfing, M. Booshehri, and A. Grimminger,
    “Incremental communication,” in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing,
    K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes, and B. Y. Lim, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp.
    227–245.
  mla: Wrede, Britta, et al. “Incremental Communication.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>,
    edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer, 2026, pp. 227–45, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12</a>.
  short: 'B. Wrede, H. Buschmeier, K.J. Rohlfing, M. Booshehri, A. Grimminger, in:
    K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes, B.Y. Lim (Eds.), Social
    Explainable AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 227–245.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T10:16:36Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T12:38:37Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Brian Y.
  full_name: Lim, Brian Y.
  last_name: Lim
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 227-245
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '113'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject A3
- _id: '118'
  name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_12
status: public
title: Incremental communication
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61321'
author:
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  last_name: Buschmeier
citation:
  ama: 'Grimminger A, Buschmeier H. Theoretical aspects of multimodal processing.
    In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, Lim BY, eds. <i>Social Explainable
    AI</i>. Springer; 2026:351-365. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18</a>'
  apa: Grimminger, A., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (2026). Theoretical aspects of multimodal
    processing. In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes, &#38; B.
    Y. Lim (Eds.), <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 351–365). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Grimminger_Buschmeier_2026, title={Theoretical aspects of multimodal
    processing}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Grimminger, Angela
    and Buschmeier, Hendrik}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and
    Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten and Lim, Brian Y.}, year={2026}, pages={351–365}
    }'
  chicago: Grimminger, Angela, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Theoretical Aspects of Multimodal
    Processing.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing,
    Kary Främling, Suzana Alpsancar, Kirsten Thommes, and Brian Y. Lim, 351–65. Springer,
    2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18</a>.
  ieee: A. Grimminger and H. Buschmeier, “Theoretical aspects of multimodal processing,”
    in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K.
    Thommes, and B. Y. Lim, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 351–365.
  mla: Grimminger, Angela, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Theoretical Aspects of Multimodal
    Processing.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et
    al., Springer, 2026, pp. 351–65, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18</a>.
  short: 'A. Grimminger, H. Buschmeier, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar,
    K. Thommes, B.Y. Lim (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 351–365.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T10:13:52Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T12:48:40Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Brian Y.
  full_name: Lim, Brian Y.
  last_name: Lim
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 351-365
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_18
status: public
title: Theoretical aspects of multimodal processing
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61322'
author:
- first_name: Stefan Teodorov
  full_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov
  id: '90345'
  last_name: Lazarov
  orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483
- first_name: Igor
  full_name: Tchappi, Igor
  last_name: Tchappi
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: 'Lazarov ST, Tchappi I, Grimminger A. Characteristics of nonverbal behavior.
    In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, Lim BY, eds. <i>Social Explainable
    AI</i>. Springer; 2026:367-390. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19</a>'
  apa: Lazarov, S. T., Tchappi, I., &#38; Grimminger, A. (2026). Characteristics of
    nonverbal behavior. In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes,
    &#38; B. Y. Lim (Eds.), <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 367–390). Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Lazarov_Tchappi_Grimminger_2026, title={Characteristics of nonverbal
    behavior}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Lazarov, Stefan
    Teodorov and Tchappi, Igor and Grimminger, Angela}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina
    J. and Främling, Kary and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten and Lim, Brian
    Y.}, year={2026}, pages={367–390} }'
  chicago: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, Igor Tchappi, and Angela Grimminger. “Characteristics
    of Nonverbal Behavior.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J.
    Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Suzana Alpsancar, Kirsten Thommes, and Brian Y. Lim,
    367–90. Springer, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19</a>.
  ieee: S. T. Lazarov, I. Tchappi, and A. Grimminger, “Characteristics of nonverbal
    behavior,” in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar,
    K. Thommes, and B. Y. Lim, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 367–390.
  mla: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, et al. “Characteristics of Nonverbal Behavior.” <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer, 2026, pp.
    367–90, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19</a>.
  short: 'S.T. Lazarov, I. Tchappi, A. Grimminger, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
    S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes, B.Y. Lim (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026,
    pp. 367–390.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T10:15:42Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T13:58:43Z
department:
- _id: '660'
- _id: '36'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Brian Y.
  full_name: Lim, Brian Y.
  last_name: Lim
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 367-390
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_19
status: public
title: Characteristics of nonverbal behavior
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61324'
author:
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wagner, Petra
  last_name: Wagner
- first_name: Stefan
  full_name: Kopp, Stefan
  last_name: Kopp
citation:
  ama: 'Wagner P, Kopp S. Timing and synchronization of multimodal signals in explanations.
    In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, Lim BY, eds. <i>Social Explainable
    AI</i>. Springer; 2026:433-446. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22</a>'
  apa: Wagner, P., &#38; Kopp, S. (2026). Timing and synchronization of multimodal
    signals in explanations. In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes,
    &#38; B. Y. Lim (Eds.), <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 433–446). Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Wagner_Kopp_2026, title={Timing and synchronization of multimodal
    signals in explanations}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Wagner, Petra
    and Kopp, Stefan}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Alpsancar,
    Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten and Lim, Brian Y.}, year={2026}, pages={433–446} }'
  chicago: Wagner, Petra, and Stefan Kopp. “Timing and Synchronization of Multimodal
    Signals in Explanations.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina
    J. Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Suzana Alpsancar, Kirsten Thommes, and Brian Y. Lim,
    433–46. Springer, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22</a>.
  ieee: P. Wagner and S. Kopp, “Timing and synchronization of multimodal signals in
    explanations,” in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S.
    Alpsancar, K. Thommes, and B. Y. Lim, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 433–446.
  mla: Wagner, Petra, and Stefan Kopp. “Timing and Synchronization of Multimodal Signals
    in Explanations.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing
    et al., Springer, 2026, pp. 433–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22</a>.
  short: 'P. Wagner, S. Kopp, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes,
    B.Y. Lim (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 433–446.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T10:16:49Z
date_updated: 2026-03-19T13:58:53Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Brian Y.
  full_name: Lim, Brian Y.
  last_name: Lim
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
page: 433-446
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_22
status: public
title: Timing and synchronization of multimodal signals in explanations
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61112'
author:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: 'Rohlfing KJ, Vollmer A-L, Grimminger A. Practices: How to establish an explaining
    practice. In: Rohlfing K, Främling K, Thommes K, Alpsancar S, Lim BY, eds. <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>. Springer; 2026. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5</a>'
  apa: 'Rohlfing, K. J., Vollmer, A.-L., &#38; Grimminger, A. (2026). Practices: How
    to establish an explaining practice. In K. Rohlfing, K. Främling, K. Thommes,
    S. Alpsancar, &#38; B. Y. Lim (Eds.), <i>Social Explainable AI</i>. Springer.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5</a>'
  bibtex: '@inbook{Rohlfing_Vollmer_Grimminger_2026, title={Practices: How to establish
    an explaining practice}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Rohlfing, Katharina
    J. and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Grimminger, Angela}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina
    and Främling, Kary and Thommes, Kirsten and Alpsancar, Suzana and Lim, Brian Y.},
    year={2026} }'
  chicago: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., Anna-Lisa Vollmer, and Angela Grimminger. “Practices:
    How to Establish an Explaining Practice.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited
    by Katharina Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Kirsten Thommes, Suzana Alpsancar, and Brian
    Y. Lim. Springer, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. J. Rohlfing, A.-L. Vollmer, and A. Grimminger, “Practices: How to establish
    an explaining practice,” in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
    K. Thommes, S. Alpsancar, and B. Y. Lim, Eds. Springer, 2026.'
  mla: 'Rohlfing, Katharina J., et al. “Practices: How to Establish an Explaining
    Practice.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina Rohlfing et al.,
    Springer, 2026, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5</a>.'
  short: 'K.J. Rohlfing, A.-L. Vollmer, A. Grimminger, in: K. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
    K. Thommes, S. Alpsancar, B.Y. Lim (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026.'
date_created: 2025-09-02T14:33:16Z
date_updated: 2026-03-20T09:11:58Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5
editor:
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Brian Y.
  full_name: Lim, Brian Y.
  last_name: Lim
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '123'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject B5
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_5
status: public
title: 'Practices: How to establish an explaining practice'
type: book_chapter
user_id: '57578'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61325'
author:
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Rachid
  full_name: Alami, Rachid
  last_name: Alami
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Meisam
  full_name: Booshehri, Meisam
  last_name: Booshehri
- first_name: Axel-Cyrille
  full_name: Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille
  id: '65716'
  last_name: Ngonga Ngomo
citation:
  ama: 'Vollmer A-L, Buhl HM, Alami R, et al. Components of an explanation for co-constructive
    sXAI. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Lim B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>. Springer; 2026:39-53. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3</a>'
  apa: Vollmer, A.-L., Buhl, H. M., Alami, R., Främling, K., Grimminger, A., Booshehri,
    M., &#38; Ngonga Ngomo, A.-C. (2026). Components of an explanation for co-constructive
    sXAI. In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, &#38; K. Thommes (Eds.),
    <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 39–53). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Vollmer_Buhl_Alami_Främling_Grimminger_Booshehri_Ngonga Ngomo_2026,
    title={Components of an explanation for co-constructive sXAI}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
    and Buhl, Heike M. and Alami, Rachid and Främling, Kary and Grimminger, Angela
    and Booshehri, Meisam and Ngonga Ngomo, Axel-Cyrille}, editor={Rohlfing, Katharina
    J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes, Kirsten},
    year={2026}, pages={39–53} }'
  chicago: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa, Heike M. Buhl, Rachid Alami, Kary Främling, Angela
    Grimminger, Meisam Booshehri, and Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo. “Components of an
    Explanation for Co-Constructive SXAI.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited
    by Katharina J. Rohlfing, Kary Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kirsten
    Thommes, 39–53. Springer, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3</a>.
  ieee: A.-L. Vollmer <i>et al.</i>, “Components of an explanation for co-constructive
    sXAI,” in <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S.
    Alpsancar, and K. Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 39–53.
  mla: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa, et al. “Components of an Explanation for Co-Constructive
    SXAI.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer,
    2026, pp. 39–53, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3">10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3</a>.
  short: 'A.-L. Vollmer, H.M. Buhl, R. Alami, K. Främling, A. Grimminger, M. Booshehri,
    A.-C. Ngonga Ngomo, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes
    (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 39–53.'
date_created: 2025-09-17T10:16:52Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:28:01Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
  full_name: Lim, Brian
  last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3
oa: '1'
page: 39-53
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '123'
  name: TRR 318 - Subproject B5
- _id: '118'
  name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  eisbn:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Springer
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: original
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_3
status: public
title: Components of an explanation for co-constructive sXAI
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65084'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  id: '86589'
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Rachid
  full_name: Alami, Rachid
  last_name: Alami
- first_name: Meisam
  full_name: Booshehri, Meisam
  id: '93424'
  last_name: Booshehri
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Vollmer A-L, Alami R, Booshehri M, Främling K. Models of the situation,
    the explanandum, and the interaction partner. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling K, Lim
    B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. <i>Social Explainable AI</i>. Springer; 2026:269-295.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14</a>'
  apa: Buhl, H. M., Vollmer, A.-L., Alami, R., Booshehri, M., &#38; Främling, K. (2026).
    Models of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner. In K. J.
    Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, &#38; K. Thommes (Eds.), <i>Social
    explainable AI</i> (pp. 269–295). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Buhl_Vollmer_Alami_Booshehri_Främling_2026, title={Models of the
    situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14</a>},
    booktitle={Social explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
    and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Alami, Rachid and Booshehri, Meisam and Främling, Kary},
    editor={Rohlfing, Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar,
    Suzana and Thommes, Kisten}, year={2026}, pages={269–295} }'
  chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Anna-Lisa Vollmer, Rachid Alami, Meisam Booshehri, and
    Kary Främling. “Models of the Situation, the Explanandum, and the Interaction
    Partner.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing, Kary
    Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kisten Thommes, 269–95. Springer, 2026.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14</a>.
  ieee: H. M. Buhl, A.-L. Vollmer, R. Alami, M. Booshehri, and K. Främling, “Models
    of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner,” in <i>Social
    explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K.
    Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 269–295.
  mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Models of the Situation, the Explanandum, and the Interaction
    Partner.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing et al.,
    Springer, 2026, pp. 269–95, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14</a>.
  short: 'H.M. Buhl, A.-L. Vollmer, R. Alami, M. Booshehri, K. Främling, in: K.J.
    Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable
    AI, Springer, 2026, pp. 269–295.'
date_created: 2026-03-23T08:06:57Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:24:49Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '660'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
  full_name: Lim, Brian
  last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kisten
  full_name: Thommes, Kisten
  last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
oa: '1'
page: 269-295
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '121'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP B01: Ein dialogbasierter Ansatz zur Erklärung von Modellen des
    maschinellen Lernens'
publication: Social explainable AI
publisher: Springer
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: confirmation
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_14
status: public
title: Models of the situation, the explanandum, and the interaction partner
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65083'
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
- first_name: Josephine Beryl
  full_name: Fisher, Josephine Beryl
  id: '56345'
  last_name: Fisher
  orcid: 0000-0002-9997-9241
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Matarese, Marco
  last_name: Matarese
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Wrede B, Fisher JB, Matarese M. Adaptation. In: Rohlfing KJ, Främling
    K, Lim B, Alpsancar S, Thommes K, eds. <i>Social Explainable AI</i>. Springer;
    2026:247-267. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>'
  apa: Buhl, H. M., Wrede, B., Fisher, J. B., &#38; Matarese, M. (2026). Adaptation.
    In K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, &#38; K. Thommes (Eds.),
    <i>Social Explainable AI</i> (pp. 247–267). Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>
  bibtex: '@inbook{Buhl_Wrede_Fisher_Matarese_2026, title={Adaptation}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>},
    booktitle={Social Explainable AI}, publisher={Springer}, author={Buhl, Heike M.
    and Wrede, Britta and Fisher, Josephine Beryl and Matarese, Marco}, editor={Rohlfing,
    Katharina J. and Främling, Kary and Lim, Brian and Alpsancar, Suzana and Thommes,
    Kirsten}, year={2026}, pages={247–267} }'
  chicago: Buhl, Heike M., Britta Wrede, Josephine Beryl Fisher, and Marco Matarese.
    “Adaptation.” In <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by Katharina J. Rohlfing,
    Kary Främling, Brian Lim, Suzana Alpsancar, and Kirsten Thommes, 247–67. Springer,
    2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>.
  ieee: H. M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J. B. Fisher, and M. Matarese, “Adaptation,” in <i>Social
    Explainable AI</i>, K. J. Rohlfing, K. Främling, B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, and K.
    Thommes, Eds. Springer, 2026, pp. 247–267.
  mla: Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Adaptation.” <i>Social Explainable AI</i>, edited by
    Katharina J. Rohlfing et al., Springer, 2026, pp. 247–67, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13</a>.
  short: 'H.M. Buhl, B. Wrede, J.B. Fisher, M. Matarese, in: K.J. Rohlfing, K. Främling,
    B. Lim, S. Alpsancar, K. Thommes (Eds.), Social Explainable AI, Springer, 2026,
    pp. 247–267.'
date_created: 2026-03-23T07:55:56Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T18:25:34Z
department:
- _id: '427'
- _id: '660'
doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
editor:
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Kary
  full_name: Främling, Kary
  last_name: Främling
- first_name: Brian
  full_name: Lim, Brian
  last_name: Lim
- first_name: Suzana
  full_name: Alpsancar, Suzana
  last_name: Alpsancar
- first_name: Kirsten
  full_name: Thommes, Kirsten
  last_name: Thommes
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
oa: '1'
page: 247-267
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
- _id: '118'
  name: 'TRR 318: Project Area INF'
publication: Social Explainable AI
publication_identifier:
  unknown:
  - 978-981-96-5290-7
publisher: Springer
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: confirmation
    url: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-96-5290-7_13
status: public
title: Adaptation
type: book_chapter
user_id: '90826'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '64914'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We investigate how verbal and nonverbal linguistic features, exhibited by
    speakers and listeners in dialogue, can contribute to predicting the listener''s
    state of understanding in explanatory interactions on a moment-by-moment basis.
    Specifically, we examine three linguistic cues related to cognitive load and hypothesised
    to correlate with listener understanding: the information value (operationalised
    with surprisal) and syntactic complexity of the speaker''s utterances, and the
    variation in the listener''s interactive gaze behaviour. Based on statistical
    analyses of the MUNDEX corpus of face-to-face dialogic board game explanations,
    we find that individual cues vary with the listener''s level of understanding.
    Listener states (‘Understanding’, ‘Partial Understanding’, ‘Non-Understanding’
    and ‘Misunderstanding’) were self-annotated by the listeners using a retrospective
    video-recall method. The results of a subsequent classification experiment, involving
    two off-the-shelf classifiers and a fine-tuned German BERT-based multimodal classifier,
    demonstrate that prediction of these four states of understanding is generally
    possible and improves when the three linguistic cues are considered alongside
    textual features.'
author:
- first_name: Yu
  full_name: Wang, Yu
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Olcay
  full_name: Türk, Olcay
  last_name: Türk
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
citation:
  ama: 'Wang Y, Türk O, Grimminger A, Buschmeier H. Predicting states of understanding
    in explanatory interactions using cognitive load-related linguistic cues. In:
    <i>Proceedings of the 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference</i>.
    ELRA. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>'
  apa: Wang, Y., Türk, O., Grimminger, A., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (n.d.). Predicting
    states of understanding in explanatory interactions using cognitive load-related
    linguistic cues. <i>Proceedings of the 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation
    Conference</i>. 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, Palma,
    Mallorca, Spain. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Wang_Türk_Grimminger_Buschmeier, place={Palma, Mallorca,
    Spain}, title={Predicting states of understanding in explanatory interactions
    using cognitive load-related linguistic cues}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>},
    booktitle={Proceedings of the 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation
    Conference}, publisher={ELRA}, author={Wang, Yu and Türk, Olcay and Grimminger,
    Angela and Buschmeier, Hendrik} }'
  chicago: 'Wang, Yu, Olcay Türk, Angela Grimminger, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Predicting
    States of Understanding in Explanatory Interactions Using Cognitive Load-Related
    Linguistic Cues.” In <i>Proceedings of the 15th Biennial Language Resources and
    Evaluation Conference</i>. Palma, Mallorca, Spain: ELRA, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>.'
  ieee: 'Y. Wang, O. Türk, A. Grimminger, and H. Buschmeier, “Predicting states of
    understanding in explanatory interactions using cognitive load-related linguistic
    cues,” presented at the 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference,
    Palma, Mallorca, Spain, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>.'
  mla: Wang, Yu, et al. “Predicting States of Understanding in Explanatory Interactions
    Using Cognitive Load-Related Linguistic Cues.” <i>Proceedings of the 15th Biennial
    Language Resources and Evaluation Conference</i>, ELRA, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079">10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079</a>.
  short: 'Y. Wang, O. Türk, A. Grimminger, H. Buschmeier, in: Proceedings of the 15th
    Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, ELRA, Palma, Mallorca,
    Spain, n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2026-05-16
  location: Palma, Mallorca, Spain
  name: 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
  start_date: 2026-05-11
date_created: 2026-03-13T17:59:22Z
date_updated: 2026-03-25T13:42:48Z
department:
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2603.20079
language:
- iso: eng
place: Palma, Mallorca, Spain
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
publication: Proceedings of the 15th Biennial Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
publication_status: inpress
publisher: ELRA
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Predicting states of understanding in explanatory interactions using cognitive
  load-related linguistic cues
type: conference
user_id: '76456'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61151'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this paper, we discuss the application of retrospective video recall for
    the assessment of cognitive processes in explanatory interactions, such as understanding
    and mental models. Our purpose is to reflect on the benefits and limitations of
    video recall compared to another self-report method, ‘thinking-aloud’. To do so,
    we reveal empirical results from the application of video recall in three interdisciplinary
    research projects that applied the method for the qualitative and quantitative
    assessment of cognitive and behavioral phenomena in everyday explanations. In
    all three projects, video recall was applied as a post-hoc procedure following
    the recording of dyadic face-to-face explanations of board games. The design of
    the video recall procedure differed between individual projects because they pursued
    different research objectives – that is the investigation of (1) an interlocutor's
    multimodal signals of understanding, (2) the change in assumptions about an interlocutor's
    dispositional and situational knowledge, and (3) the differentiated assessment
    of an interlocutor's developing understanding of domain knowledge aspects by distinguishing
    between mechanistic and functional explanatory stances. By discussing the benefits
    and the limitations of each procedure, this article provides critical reflections
    on video recall as a versatile research method applied for the analysis of human
    multimodal behavior in interaction and cognitive processing.
author:
- first_name: Stefan Teodorov
  full_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov
  id: '90345'
  last_name: Lazarov
  orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Schaffer, Michael
  id: '92807'
  last_name: Schaffer
- first_name: Viviane
  full_name: Gladow, Viviane
  last_name: Gladow
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: Lazarov ST, Schaffer M, Gladow V, Buschmeier H, Buhl HM, Grimminger A. Retrospective
    video recall for analyzing cognitive processes in naturalistic explanations.
  apa: Lazarov, S. T., Schaffer, M., Gladow, V., Buschmeier, H., Buhl, H. M., &#38;
    Grimminger, A. (n.d.). <i>Retrospective video recall for analyzing cognitive processes
    in naturalistic explanations</i>.
  bibtex: '@article{Lazarov_Schaffer_Gladow_Buschmeier_Buhl_Grimminger, title={Retrospective
    video recall for analyzing cognitive processes in naturalistic explanations},
    author={Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and Schaffer, Michael and Gladow, Viviane and
    Buschmeier, Hendrik and Buhl, Heike M. and Grimminger, Angela} }'
  chicago: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, Michael Schaffer, Viviane Gladow, Hendrik Buschmeier,
    Heike M. Buhl, and Angela Grimminger. “Retrospective Video Recall for Analyzing
    Cognitive Processes in Naturalistic Explanations,” n.d.
  ieee: S. T. Lazarov, M. Schaffer, V. Gladow, H. Buschmeier, H. M. Buhl, and A. Grimminger,
    “Retrospective video recall for analyzing cognitive processes in naturalistic
    explanations.” .
  mla: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov, et al. <i>Retrospective Video Recall for Analyzing
    Cognitive Processes in Naturalistic Explanations</i>.
  short: S.T. Lazarov, M. Schaffer, V. Gladow, H. Buschmeier, H.M. Buhl, A. Grimminger,
    (n.d.).
date_created: 2025-09-08T14:11:37Z
date_updated: 2026-03-27T16:18:03Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/u24kz_v2
page: '29'
project:
- _id: '111'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A01: Adaptives Erklären'
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
- _id: '114'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A04: Integration des technischen Modells in das Partnermodell
    bei der Erklärung von digitalen Artefakten'
publication_status: submitted
status: public
title: Retrospective video recall for analyzing cognitive processes in naturalistic
  explanations
type: preprint
user_id: '76456'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '61444'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Backchannels and fillers are important linguistic expressions in dialogue,
    but often treated as ‘noise’ to be bypassed in modern transformer-based language
    models. Our work studies the representation of them in language models using three
    fine-tuning strategies. The models are trained on three dialogue corpora in English
    and Japanese, where backchannels and fillers are preserved and annotated, to investigate
    how fine-tuning can help LMs learn their representations. We first apply clustering
    analysis to the learnt representation of backchannels and fillers, and have found
    increased silhouette scores in representations from fine-tuned models, which suggests
    that fine-tuning enables LMs to distinguish the nuanced semantic variation in
    different backchannel and filler use. We also use natural language generation
    (NLG) metrics and qualitative analysis to confirm that the utterances generated
    by fine-tuned language models resemble human-produced utterances more closely.
    Our findings suggest the potentials of transforming general LMs into conversational
    LMs that are more capable of producing human-like languages adequately.
author:
- first_name: Yu
  full_name: Wang, Yu
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Leyi
  full_name: Lao, Leyi
  last_name: Lao
- first_name: Langchu
  full_name: Huang, Langchu
  last_name: Huang
- first_name: Gabriel
  full_name: Skantze, Gabriel
  last_name: Skantze
- first_name: Yang
  full_name: Xu, Yang
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
citation:
  ama: Wang Y, Lao L, Huang L, Skantze G, Xu Y, Buschmeier H. Investigating the representation
    of backchannels and fillers in fine-tuned language models.
  apa: Wang, Y., Lao, L., Huang, L., Skantze, G., Xu, Y., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (n.d.).
    <i>Investigating the representation of backchannels and fillers in fine-tuned
    language models</i>. 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational
    Linguistics, San Diego, CA, USA.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Wang_Lao_Huang_Skantze_Xu_Buschmeier, title={Investigating
    the representation of backchannels and fillers in fine-tuned language models},
    author={Wang, Yu and Lao, Leyi and Huang, Langchu and Skantze, Gabriel and Xu,
    Yang and Buschmeier, Hendrik} }'
  chicago: Wang, Yu, Leyi Lao, Langchu Huang, Gabriel Skantze, Yang Xu, and Hendrik
    Buschmeier. “Investigating the Representation of Backchannels and Fillers in Fine-Tuned
    Language Models,” n.d.
  ieee: Y. Wang, L. Lao, L. Huang, G. Skantze, Y. Xu, and H. Buschmeier, “Investigating
    the representation of backchannels and fillers in fine-tuned language models,”
    presented at the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics,
    San Diego, CA, USA.
  mla: Wang, Yu, et al. <i>Investigating the Representation of Backchannels and Fillers
    in Fine-Tuned Language Models</i>.
  short: 'Y. Wang, L. Lao, L. Huang, G. Skantze, Y. Xu, H. Buschmeier, in: n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2026-07-07
  location: San Diego, CA, USA
  name: 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
  start_date: 2026-07-02
date_created: 2025-09-25T19:00:23Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T09:56:43Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.20237
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
publication_status: accepted
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Investigating the representation of backchannels and fillers in fine-tuned
  language models
type: conference
user_id: '76456'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '65363'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Recent theoretical advancement of information density in natural language
    has brought the following question on desk: To what degree does natural language
    exhibit periodicity pattern in its encoded information? We address this question
    by introducing a new method called AutoPeriod of Surprisal (APS). APS adopts a
    canonical periodicity detection algorithm and is able to identify any significant
    periods that exist in the surprisal sequence of a single document. By applying
    the algorithm to a set of corpora, we have obtained the following interesting
    results: Firstly, a considerable proportion of human language demonstrates a strong
    pattern of periodicity in information; Secondly, new periods that are outside
    the distributions of typical structural units in text (e.g., sentence boundaries,
    elementary discourse units, etc.) are found and further confirmed via harmonic
    regression modeling. We conclude that the periodicity of information in language
    is a joint outcome from both structured factors and other driving factors that
    take effect at longer distances. The advantages of our periodicity detection method
    and its potentials in LLM-generation detection are further discussed.'
author:
- first_name: Yulin
  full_name: Ou, Yulin
  last_name: Ou
- first_name: Yu
  full_name: Wang, Yu
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yang
  full_name: Xu, Yang
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
citation:
  ama: Ou Y, Wang Y, Xu Y, Buschmeier H. Identifying the periodicity of information
    in natural language.
  apa: Ou, Y., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., &#38; Buschmeier, H. (n.d.). <i>Identifying the periodicity
    of information in natural language</i>. 64th Annual Meeting of the Association
    for Computational Linguistics, San Diego, CA, USA.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Ou_Wang_Xu_Buschmeier, title={Identifying the periodicity
    of information in natural language}, author={Ou, Yulin and Wang, Yu and Xu, Yang
    and Buschmeier, Hendrik} }'
  chicago: Ou, Yulin, Yu Wang, Yang Xu, and Hendrik Buschmeier. “Identifying the Periodicity
    of Information in Natural Language,” n.d.
  ieee: Y. Ou, Y. Wang, Y. Xu, and H. Buschmeier, “Identifying the periodicity of
    information in natural language,” presented at the 64th Annual Meeting of the
    Association for Computational Linguistics, San Diego, CA, USA.
  mla: Ou, Yulin, et al. <i>Identifying the Periodicity of Information in Natural
    Language</i>.
  short: 'Y. Ou, Y. Wang, Y. Xu, H. Buschmeier, in: n.d.'
conference:
  end_date: 2026-07-07
  location: San Diego, CA, USA
  name: 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
  start_date: 2026-07-02
date_created: 2026-04-07T09:52:23Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T09:56:53Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
publication_status: accepted
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Identifying the periodicity of information in natural language
type: conference
user_id: '76456'
year: '2026'
...
---
_id: '59756'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "A current concern in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is to ensure
    the trustworthiness of AI systems. The development of explainability methods is
    one prominent way to address this, which has often resulted in the assumption
    that the use of explainability will lead to an increase in the trust of users
    and wider society. However, the dynamics between explainability and trust are
    not well established and empirical investigations of their relation remain mixed
    or inconclusive.\r\nIn this paper we provide a detailed description of the concepts
    of user trust and distrust in AI and their relation to appropriate reliance. For
    that we draw from the fields of machine learning, human–computer interaction,
    and the social sciences. Based on these insights, we have created a focused study
    of empirical literature of existing empirical studies that investigate the effects
    of AI systems and XAI methods on user (dis)trust, in order to substantiate our
    conceptualization of trust, distrust, and reliance. With respect to our conceptual
    understanding we identify gaps in existing empirical work. With clarifying the
    concepts and summarizing the empirical studies, we aim to provide researchers,
    who examine user trust in AI, with an improved starting point for developing user
    studies to measure and evaluate the user’s attitude towards and reliance on AI
    systems."
article_number: '101357'
author:
- first_name: Roel
  full_name: Visser, Roel
  last_name: Visser
- first_name: Tobias Martin
  full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
  id: '92810'
  last_name: Peters
  orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
- first_name: Barbara
  full_name: Hammer, Barbara
  last_name: Hammer
citation:
  ama: 'Visser R, Peters TM, Scharlau I, Hammer B. Trust, distrust, and appropriate
    reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey of its
    empirical evaluation. <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>. Published online 2025.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>'
  apa: 'Visser, R., Peters, T. M., Scharlau, I., &#38; Hammer, B. (2025). Trust, distrust,
    and appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and
    survey of its empirical evaluation. <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, Article
    101357. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Visser_Peters_Scharlau_Hammer_2025, title={Trust, distrust, and
    appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey
    of its empirical evaluation}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>},
    number={101357}, journal={Cognitive Systems Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV},
    author={Visser, Roel and Peters, Tobias Martin and Scharlau, Ingrid and Hammer,
    Barbara}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Visser, Roel, Tobias Martin Peters, Ingrid Scharlau, and Barbara Hammer.
    “Trust, Distrust, and Appropriate Reliance in (X)AI: A Conceptual Clarification
    of User Trust and Survey of Its Empirical Evaluation.” <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>,
    2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. Visser, T. M. Peters, I. Scharlau, and B. Hammer, “Trust, distrust, and
    appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification of user trust and survey
    of its empirical evaluation,” <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, Art. no. 101357,
    2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>.'
  mla: 'Visser, Roel, et al. “Trust, Distrust, and Appropriate Reliance in (X)AI:
    A Conceptual Clarification of User Trust and Survey of Its Empirical Evaluation.”
    <i>Cognitive Systems Research</i>, 101357, Elsevier BV, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357">10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357</a>.'
  short: R. Visser, T.M. Peters, I. Scharlau, B. Hammer, Cognitive Systems Research
    (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-02T09:26:15Z
date_updated: 2025-05-15T11:16:27Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2025.101357
keyword:
- XAI
- Appropriate trust
- Distrust
- Reliance
- Human-centric evaluation
- Trustworthy AI
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C1: TRR 318 - Subproject C1 - Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Cognitive Systems Research
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1389-0417
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
status: public
title: 'Trust, distrust, and appropriate reliance in (X)AI: A conceptual clarification
  of user trust and survey of its empirical evaluation'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59999'
author:
- first_name: Frederik
  full_name: Rautenberg, Frederik
  id: '72602'
  last_name: Rautenberg
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Kuhlmann, Michael
  id: '49871'
  last_name: Kuhlmann
- first_name: Fritz
  full_name: Seebauer, Fritz
  last_name: Seebauer
- first_name: Jana
  full_name: Wiechmann, Jana
  last_name: Wiechmann
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wagner, Petra
  last_name: Wagner
- first_name: Reinhold
  full_name: Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
  id: '242'
  last_name: Haeb-Umbach
citation:
  ama: 'Rautenberg F, Kuhlmann M, Seebauer F, Wiechmann J, Wagner P, Haeb-Umbach R.
    Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality Dimensions. In: <i>ICASSP 2025
    - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
    (ICASSP)</i>. IEEE; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>'
  apa: Rautenberg, F., Kuhlmann, M., Seebauer, F., Wiechmann, J., Wagner, P., &#38;
    Haeb-Umbach, R. (2025). Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality Dimensions.
    <i>ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal
    Processing (ICASSP)</i>. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and
    Signal Processing (ICASSP), Hyderabad, India . <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rautenberg_Kuhlmann_Seebauer_Wiechmann_Wagner_Haeb-Umbach_2025,
    title={Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality Dimensions}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>},
    booktitle={ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech
    and Signal Processing (ICASSP)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Rautenberg, Frederik
    and Kuhlmann, Michael and Seebauer, Fritz and Wiechmann, Jana and Wagner, Petra
    and Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Rautenberg, Frederik, Michael Kuhlmann, Fritz Seebauer, Jana Wiechmann,
    Petra Wagner, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice
    Quality Dimensions.” In <i>ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on
    Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)</i>. IEEE, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>.
  ieee: 'F. Rautenberg, M. Kuhlmann, F. Seebauer, J. Wiechmann, P. Wagner, and R.
    Haeb-Umbach, “Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality Dimensions,” presented
    at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing
    (ICASSP), Hyderabad, India , 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>.'
  mla: Rautenberg, Frederik, et al. “Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality
    Dimensions.” <i>ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics,
    Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)</i>, IEEE, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012">10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012</a>.
  short: 'F. Rautenberg, M. Kuhlmann, F. Seebauer, J. Wiechmann, P. Wagner, R. Haeb-Umbach,
    in: ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and
    Signal Processing (ICASSP), IEEE, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-04-11
  location: 'Hyderabad, India '
  name: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
  start_date: 2025-04-06
date_created: 2025-05-20T08:17:22Z
date_updated: 2025-05-26T11:09:56Z
department:
- _id: '54'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1109/icassp49660.2025.10888012
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '129'
  grant_number: '438445824'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C06: TRR 318 - Technisch unterstütztes Erklären von Stimmcharakteristika
    (Teilprojekt C06)'
publication: ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech
  and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
publication_status: published
publisher: IEEE
status: public
title: Speech Synthesis along Perceptual Voice Quality Dimensions
type: conference
user_id: '72602'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '59755'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Due to the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in high-risk domains
    like law or medicine,\r\ntrustworthy AI and trust in AI are of increasing scientific
    and public relevance. A typical conception,\r\nfor example in the context of medical
    diagnosis, is that a knowledgeable user receives AIgenerated\r\nclassification
    as advice. Research to improve such interactions often aims to foster the\r\nuser’s
    trust, which in turn should improve the combined human-AI performance. Given that
    AI\r\nmodels can err, we argue that the possibility to critically review, thus
    to distrust, an AI decision is\r\nan equally interesting target of research.\r\nWe
    created two image classification scenarios in which the participants received
    mock-up\r\nAI advice. The quality of the advice decreases for a phase of the experiment.
    We studied the\r\ntask performance, trust and distrust of the participants, and
    tested whether an instruction to\r\nremain skeptical and review each piece of
    advice led to a better performance compared to a\r\nneutral condition. Our results
    indicate that this instruction does not improve but rather worsens\r\nthe participants’
    performance. Repeated single-item self-report of trust and distrust shows an\r\nincrease
    in trust and a decrease in distrust after the drop in the AI’s classification
    quality, with no\r\ndifference between the two instructions. Furthermore, via
    a Bayesian Signal Detection Theory\r\nanalysis, we provide a procedure to assess
    appropriate reliance in detail, by quantifying whether\r\nthe problems of under-
    and over-reliance have been mitigated. We discuss implications of our\r\nresults
    for the usage of disclaimers before interacting with AI, as prominently used in
    current\r\nLLM-based chatbots, and for trust and distrust research."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Tobias Martin
  full_name: Peters, Tobias Martin
  id: '92810'
  last_name: Peters
  orcid: 0009-0008-5193-6243
- first_name: Ingrid
  full_name: Scharlau, Ingrid
  id: '451'
  last_name: Scharlau
  orcid: 0000-0003-2364-9489
citation:
  ama: 'Peters TM, Scharlau I. Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust helpful when
    receiving AI misclassifications? <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>'
  apa: 'Peters, T. M., &#38; Scharlau, I. (2025). Interacting with fallible AI: Is
    distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications? <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>,
    <i>16</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Peters_Scharlau_2025, title={Interacting with fallible AI: Is
    distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?}, volume={16}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>},
    journal={Frontiers in Psychology}, author={Peters, Tobias Martin and Scharlau,
    Ingrid}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Interacting with Fallible
    AI: Is Distrust Helpful When Receiving AI Misclassifications?” <i>Frontiers in
    Psychology</i> 16 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>.'
  ieee: 'T. M. Peters and I. Scharlau, “Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust
    helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?,” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>,
    vol. 16, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>.'
  mla: 'Peters, Tobias Martin, and Ingrid Scharlau. “Interacting with Fallible AI:
    Is Distrust Helpful When Receiving AI Misclassifications?” <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>,
    vol. 16, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809">10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809</a>.'
  short: T.M. Peters, I. Scharlau, Frontiers in Psychology 16 (2025).
date_created: 2025-05-02T09:22:39Z
date_updated: 2025-05-27T09:10:09Z
department:
- _id: '424'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1574809
intvolume: '        16'
keyword:
- trust in AI
- trust
- distrust
- human-AI interaction
- Signal Detection Theory
- Bayesian parameter estimation
- image classification
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '124'
  name: 'TRR 318 - C1: TRR 318 - Subproject C1 - Gesundes Misstrauen in Erklärungen'
publication: Frontiers in Psychology
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Interacting with fallible AI: Is distrust helpful when receiving AI misclassifications?'
type: journal_article
user_id: '92810'
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '60935'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Research suggests that presenting an action via multimodal stimulation (verbal
    and visual) enhances its perception. To highlight this, in most studies, assertive
    instructions are generally presented before the occurrence of the visual subevent(s).
    However, verbal instructions need not always be assertive; they can also include
    negation to contrast the present event with a prior one, thereby facilitating
    processing—a phenomenon known as contextual facilitation. In our study, we investigated
    whether using negation to guide an action sequence facilitates action perception,
    particularly when two consecutive subactions contrast with each other. Stimuli
    from previous studies on action demonstration were used to create (non)contrastive
    actions, that is, a ball following noncontrastive and identical (Over–Over or
    Under–Under) versus contrastive and opposite paths (Over–Under or Under–Over)
    before terminating at a goal location. In Experiment 1, either an assertive or
    a negative instruction was provided as verbal guidance before onset of each path.
    Analyzing data from 35 participants, we found that, whereas assertive instructions
    facilitate overall action recall, negating the later path for contrastive actions
    is equally facilitative. Given that action goal is the most salient aspect in
    event memory due to goal-path bias in attention, a second experiment was conducted
    to test the effect of multimodal synchrony on goal attention and action memory.
    Experiment 2 revealed that when instructions overlap with actions, they become
    more tailored—assertive instructions effectively guide noncontrastive actions,
    while assertive–negative instruction particularly guides contrastive actions.
    Both studies suggest that increased attention to the goal leads to coarser perception
    of midevents, with action-instruction synchrony modulating goal bias in real-time
    event apprehension to serve distinct purposes for action conceptualization. Whereas
    presenting instructions before subactions attenuates goal attention, overlapping
    instructions increase goal attention and reveal the selective roles of assertive
    and negative instructions in guiding contrastive and noncontrastive actions.
article_number: e70096
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Amit
  full_name: Singh, Amit
  id: '91018'
  last_name: Singh
  orcid: 0000-0002-7789-1521
- first_name: Katharina J.
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina J.
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
  orcid: 0000-0002-5676-8233
citation:
  ama: 'Singh A, Rohlfing KJ. Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial Context for
    Attention To Events and Their Memory? <i>Cognitive Science</i>. 2025;49(8). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">10.1111/cogs.70096</a>'
  apa: 'Singh, A., &#38; Rohlfing, K. J. (2025). Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial
    Context for Attention To Events and Their Memory? <i>Cognitive Science</i>, <i>49</i>(8),
    Article e70096. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Singh_Rohlfing_2025, title={Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial
    Context for Attention To Events and Their Memory?}, volume={49}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">10.1111/cogs.70096</a>},
    number={8e70096}, journal={Cognitive Science}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Singh,
    Amit and Rohlfing, Katharina J.}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: 'Singh, Amit, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Contrastive Verbal Guidance:
    A Beneficial Context for Attention To Events and Their Memory?” <i>Cognitive Science</i>
    49, no. 8 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Singh and K. J. Rohlfing, “Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial Context
    for Attention To Events and Their Memory?,” <i>Cognitive Science</i>, vol. 49,
    no. 8, Art. no. e70096, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">10.1111/cogs.70096</a>.'
  mla: 'Singh, Amit, and Katharina J. Rohlfing. “Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial
    Context for Attention To Events and Their Memory?” <i>Cognitive Science</i>, vol.
    49, no. 8, e70096, Wiley, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/cogs.70096">10.1111/cogs.70096</a>.'
  short: A. Singh, K.J. Rohlfing, Cognitive Science 49 (2025).
date_created: 2025-08-18T08:30:30Z
date_updated: 2025-08-18T08:31:04Z
department:
- _id: '749'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.1111/cogs.70096
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '40810767'
intvolume: '        49'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40810767/
oa: '1'
pmid: '1'
project:
- _id: '115'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A05: Echtzeitmessung der Aufmerksamkeit im Mensch-Roboter-Erklärdialog'
publication: Cognitive Science
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Contrastive Verbal Guidance: A Beneficial Context for Attention To Events
  and Their Memory?'
type: journal_article
user_id: '91018'
volume: 49
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61047'
author:
- first_name: Frederik
  full_name: Rautenberg, Frederik
  id: '72602'
  last_name: Rautenberg
- first_name: Fritz
  full_name: Seebauer, Fritz
  last_name: Seebauer
- first_name: Jana
  full_name: Wiechmann, Jana
  last_name: Wiechmann
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Kuhlmann, Michael
  id: '49871'
  last_name: Kuhlmann
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wagner, Petra
  last_name: Wagner
- first_name: Reinhold
  full_name: Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
  id: '242'
  last_name: Haeb-Umbach
citation:
  ama: 'Rautenberg F, Seebauer F, Wiechmann J, Kuhlmann M, Wagner P, Haeb-Umbach R.
    Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual Voice Qualities – A Case Study with
    Creaky Voice. In: <i>Interspeech 2025</i>. ISCA; 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>'
  apa: Rautenberg, F., Seebauer, F., Wiechmann, J., Kuhlmann, M., Wagner, P., &#38;
    Haeb-Umbach, R. (2025). Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual Voice Qualities
    – A Case Study with Creaky Voice. <i>Interspeech 2025</i>. Interspeech, Rotterdam.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Rautenberg_Seebauer_Wiechmann_Kuhlmann_Wagner_Haeb-Umbach_2025,
    title={Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual Voice Qualities – A Case Study
    with Creaky Voice}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>},
    booktitle={Interspeech 2025}, publisher={ISCA}, author={Rautenberg, Frederik and
    Seebauer, Fritz and Wiechmann, Jana and Kuhlmann, Michael and Wagner, Petra and
    Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Rautenberg, Frederik, Fritz Seebauer, Jana Wiechmann, Michael Kuhlmann,
    Petra Wagner, and Reinhold Haeb-Umbach. “Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual
    Voice Qualities – A Case Study with Creaky Voice.” In <i>Interspeech 2025</i>.
    ISCA, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>.
  ieee: 'F. Rautenberg, F. Seebauer, J. Wiechmann, M. Kuhlmann, P. Wagner, and R.
    Haeb-Umbach, “Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual Voice Qualities – A
    Case Study with Creaky Voice,” presented at the Interspeech, Rotterdam, 2025,
    doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>.'
  mla: Rautenberg, Frederik, et al. “Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual
    Voice Qualities – A Case Study with Creaky Voice.” <i>Interspeech 2025</i>, ISCA,
    2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443">10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443</a>.
  short: 'F. Rautenberg, F. Seebauer, J. Wiechmann, M. Kuhlmann, P. Wagner, R. Haeb-Umbach,
    in: Interspeech 2025, ISCA, 2025.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-08-21
  location: Rotterdam
  name: Interspeech
  start_date: 2025-08-17
date_created: 2025-08-28T08:39:01Z
date_updated: 2025-08-28T08:56:49Z
department:
- _id: '54'
- _id: '660'
doi: 10.21437/Interspeech.2025-1443
language:
- iso: eng
project:
- _id: '129'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP C06: Technisch unterstütztes Erklären von Stimmcharakteristika'
publication: Interspeech 2025
publisher: ISCA
status: public
title: Synthesizing Speech with Selected Perceptual Voice Qualities – A Case Study
  with Creaky Voice
type: conference
user_id: '72602'
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61154'
author:
- first_name: Olcay
  full_name: Türk, Olcay
  last_name: Türk
- first_name: Stefan Teodorov
  full_name: Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov
  id: '90345'
  last_name: Lazarov
  orcid: 0009-0009-0892-9483
- first_name: Hendrik
  full_name: Buschmeier, Hendrik
  id: '76456'
  last_name: Buschmeier
  orcid: 0000-0002-9613-5713
- first_name: Petra
  full_name: Wagner, Petra
  id: '74505'
  last_name: Wagner
- first_name: Angela
  full_name: Grimminger, Angela
  id: '57578'
  last_name: Grimminger
citation:
  ama: 'Türk O, Lazarov ST, Buschmeier H, Wagner P, Grimminger A. Acoustic detection
    of false positive backchannels of understanding in explanations. In: <i>LingCologne
    2025 – Book of Abstracts</i>. ; 2025:36.'
  apa: Türk, O., Lazarov, S. T., Buschmeier, H., Wagner, P., &#38; Grimminger, A.
    (2025). Acoustic detection of false positive backchannels of understanding in
    explanations. <i>LingCologne 2025 – Book of Abstracts</i>, 36.
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Türk_Lazarov_Buschmeier_Wagner_Grimminger_2025, title={Acoustic
    detection of false positive backchannels of understanding in explanations}, booktitle={LingCologne
    2025 – Book of Abstracts}, author={Türk, Olcay and Lazarov, Stefan Teodorov and
    Buschmeier, Hendrik and Wagner, Petra and Grimminger, Angela}, year={2025}, pages={36}
    }'
  chicago: Türk, Olcay, Stefan Teodorov Lazarov, Hendrik Buschmeier, Petra Wagner,
    and Angela Grimminger. “Acoustic Detection of False Positive Backchannels of Understanding
    in Explanations.” In <i>LingCologne 2025 – Book of Abstracts</i>, 36, 2025.
  ieee: O. Türk, S. T. Lazarov, H. Buschmeier, P. Wagner, and A. Grimminger, “Acoustic
    detection of false positive backchannels of understanding in explanations,” in
    <i>LingCologne 2025 – Book of Abstracts</i>, Cologne, Germany, 2025, p. 36.
  mla: Türk, Olcay, et al. “Acoustic Detection of False Positive Backchannels of Understanding
    in Explanations.” <i>LingCologne 2025 – Book of Abstracts</i>, 2025, p. 36.
  short: 'O. Türk, S.T. Lazarov, H. Buschmeier, P. Wagner, A. Grimminger, in: LingCologne
    2025 – Book of Abstracts, 2025, p. 36.'
conference:
  end_date: 2025-05-23
  location: Cologne, Germany
  name: LingCologne 2025 International Conference on Feedback in Interaction
  start_date: 2025-05-21
date_created: 2025-09-08T14:21:30Z
date_updated: 2025-09-11T06:58:18Z
department:
- _id: '660'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://pub.uni-bielefeld.de/download/3003514/3003515/Turk-etal-2025-lingcologne.pdf
oa: '1'
page: '36'
project:
- _id: '112'
  name: 'TRR 318; TP A02: Verstehensprozess einer Erklärung beobachten und auswerten'
publication: LingCologne 2025 – Book of Abstracts
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Acoustic detection of false positive backchannels of understanding in explanations
type: conference_abstract
user_id: '76456'
year: '2025'
...
