@article{65847,
abstract = {{Simulating vibronic spectra is a central task in physical chemistry, offering insight into important properties of molecules. Recently, it has been experimentally demonstrated that photonic platforms based on Gaussian boson sampling (GBS) are capable of performing these simulations. However, whether an actual GBS approach is required depends on the molecule under investigation. To develop a better understanding on the requirements for simulating vibronic spectra, we explore connections between theoretical approximations in physical chemistry and their photonic counterparts. Mapping these approximations into photonics, we show that for certain molecules the GBS approach is unnecessary. We place special emphasis on the linear coupling approximation, which in photonics corresponds to sampling from multiple coherent states. By implementing this approach in experiments, we demonstrate improved similarities over previously reported GBS results for formic acid and identify the particular attributes that a molecule must exhibit for this, and other approximations, to be valid. These results highlight the importance in forming deeper connections between traditional methods and photonic approaches.}},
author = {{Eickmann, Jan-Lucas and Luo, Kai-Hong and Roiz, Mikhail and Lammers, Jonas and Atzeni, Simone and Pandey, Cheeranjiv and Lütkewitte, Florian and Shirazi, Reza G. and Schlue, Fabian and Brecht, Benjamin and Rybkin, Vladimir V. and Stefszky, Michael and Silberhorn, Christine}},
issn = {{2056-6387}},
journal = {{npj Quantum Information}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Bridging chemistry and Gaussian boson sampling: a photonic hierarchy of approximations for molecular vibronic spectra}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41534-026-01250-x}},
volume = {{12}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@inproceedings{65906,
author = {{Jin, Xiao and Zentgraf, Thomas}},
booktitle = {{Metamaterials XV}},
editor = {{MacDonald, Kevin F. and Zayats, Anatoly V. and Staude, Isabelle}},
location = {{Strasbourg, France}},
publisher = {{SPIE}},
title = {{{OAM-multiplexed holography via cascaded metasurfaces without post sampling and position multiplexing}}},
doi = {{10.1117/12.3096579}},
volume = {{14075}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@inproceedings{56950,
abstract = {{After nearly two decades of research, the question of a quantum PCP theorem
for quantum Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) remains wide open. As a
result, proving QMA-hardness of approximation for ground state energy
estimation has remained elusive. Recently, it was shown [Bittel, Gharibian,
Kliesch, CCC 2023] that a natural problem involving variational quantum
circuits is QCMA-hard to approximate within ratio N^(1-eps) for any eps > 0 and
N the input size. Unfortunately, this problem was not related to quantum CSPs,
leaving the question of hardness of approximation for quantum CSPs open. In
this work, we show that if instead of focusing on ground state energies, one
considers computing properties of the ground space, QCMA-hardness of computing
ground space properties can be shown. In particular, we show that it is (1)
QCMA-complete within ratio N^(1-eps) to approximate the Ground State
Connectivity problem (GSCON), and (2) QCMA-hard within the same ratio to
estimate the amount of entanglement of a local Hamiltonian's ground state,
denoted Ground State Entanglement (GSE). As a bonus, a simplification of our
construction yields NP-completeness of approximation for a natural k-SAT
reconfiguration problem, to be contrasted with the recent PCP-based PSPACE
hardness of approximation results for a different definition of k-SAT
reconfiguration [Karthik C.S. and Manurangsi, 2023, and Hirahara, Ohsaka, STOC
2024].}},
author = {{Gharibian, Sevag and Hecht, Carsten}},
booktitle = {{51st International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS)}},
title = {{{Hardness of approximation for ground state problems}}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66555,
abstract = {{Scalable plasmonic technologies face a critical trade‐off: few‐body architectures offer high enhancement but are sensitive to fabrication flaws, while scalable methods like solid‐state dewetting yield large, low‐enhancement gaps. We introduce a paradigm shift using a many‐body plasmonic architecture inspired by statistical mechanics. By moving toward the continuum limit, local geometric variations are statistically averaged out, effectively decoupling optical performance from microscopic disorder. We implement this concept via a lithography‐ and etching‐free, multi‐step dewetting strategy, creating wafer‐scale nanoclusters. This process strategically forms a robust many‐body system by introducing numerous small satellite nanoparticles between larger particles. Crucially, this design achieves a high collective enhancement that surpasses even optimized few‐body systems, despite having larger individual gaps. Under optimized conditions, these substrates exhibit a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering enhancement factor approaching 4 × 10^8 with unprecedented reproducibility (RSD of ∼10%). This scalable, low‐cost concept establishes a practical route toward reproducible wafer‐scale nanophotonic platforms for sensing, spectroscopy, and quantum technologies.}},
author = {{Kim, Minjun and Devaraj, Vasanthan and Seo, Hyeon‐Seok and Eom, Seong‐Jae and Lee, Jeong‐Su and Lee, Donghan and Jeon, Min Yong and Zentgraf, Thomas and Lee, Jong‐Min}},
issn = {{1863-8880}},
journal = {{Laser & Photonics Reviews}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Engineering Disordered Many‐Particle Plasmonic Nanoclusters for Wafer‐Scale Uniform and Giant Electromagnetic Field Enhancement}}},
doi = {{10.1002/lpor.71610}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66583,
abstract = {{We introduce a method for determining the sensitivity of any given entangled two-photon absorption (ETPA) measurement. By modeling all signal and noise contributions to the measurement, we derive a single numerical value that describes the sensitivity of the ETPA measurement in Göppert-Mayer units. This allows us to directly compare vastly different experimental approaches and determine whether ETPA will be detectable under the given conditions. Therefore we can quantify the effect of any change to a given experimental apparatus and identify the ideal optimization pathway.}},
author = {{Pollmann, René and Roeder, Franz and Silberhorn, Christine and Brecht, Benjamin}},
issn = {{2469-9926}},
journal = {{Physical Review A}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{American Physical Society (APS)}},
title = {{{Limitations of entangled two-photon absorption detection}}},
doi = {{10.1103/qpb1-hk5l}},
volume = {{114}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66640,
abstract = {{
We develop a framework for identifying nonclassical speedups in systems with polarization, likewise spin degrees of freedom. By confining the dynamics to the manifold of angular momentum coherent states, which act as the classical reference in this case, we compute the speed limit that bounds the rate of change of the state achievable without generating quantum coherence. A comparison with the unrestricted quantum speed limit enables the quantitative identification of speedups arising from polarization nonclassicality. We apply this framework to the cross-Kerr interaction, demonstrating a persistent speedup scaling as
O
(
N
)
with the photon number
N
, with a parity effect in favor of even photon numbers. The results establish polarization nonclassicality as a genuine dynamical resource, linking quantum coherence to quantum-enhanced evolution speeds in nonlinear photonic systems.
}},
author = {{Aßbrock, Tim and Sperling, Jan and Ares, Laura}},
issn = {{2643-1564}},
journal = {{Physical Review Research}},
number = {{3}},
publisher = {{American Physical Society (APS)}},
title = {{{Quantum speedup from nonclassical polarization}}},
doi = {{10.1103/mflc-2mzq}},
volume = {{8}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66457,
abstract = {{Abstract
The service life of fatigue-loaded components that already contain manufacturing‑induced microcracks is primarily governed by the direction and the rate of fatigue-crack growth. When multiple loading components (e.g., tension, compression, shear) act simultaneously but not in temporal synchrony, out‑of‑phase mixed‑mode conditions occur. Such loadings are typical for automotive chassis parts and mechanically joined sheet‑metal assemblies. For optimized design of structural components, the crack kinking angle that occurs under mixed‑mode loading must be predicted as accurately as possible. At present, however, this is still challenging for out‑of‑phase loading conditions. To investigate the associated crack kinking behavior, a novel Compact‑Tension‑Shear‑Mini (CTSM) specimen was developed, enabling controlled generation of plane out-of-phase mixed-mode loading states. Experiments were performed under various combinations of cyclic and static mode I and mode II load components and compared with the analytical predictions of the Out-of-Phase Mixed-Mode (OMM) concept. The measured crack kinking angles showed very good agreement with the predicted values, with mean deviations of only a few degrees, demonstrating the validity and reproducibility of the approach. These findings confirm the applicability of the OMM concept for describing fatigue‑crack propagation under non‑proportional mixed‑mode loading and provide a basis for fatigue‑life assessment of clinched joints and other cyclic multi-axially loaded components.}},
author = {{Krome, Sven and Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Duffe, Tobias and Ostwald, Richard}},
issn = {{2731-6564}},
journal = {{Discover Mechanical Engineering}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Experimental determination of kinking angles with out-of-phase mixed-mode loading by means of a novel specimen geometry}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s44245-026-00236-5}},
volume = {{5}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66673,
abstract = {{Investigating crack growth in sheet metal originating from clinched joints is a major part of predicting the service life of mechanically joined structures. Clinching allows different materials to be joined together. A key task in this context is to perform crack growth simulations in the vicinity of clinched joints considering different load and environmental conditions. This requires formulaic descriptions of the fatigue crack growth rate curves for the materials used. For this purpose, fatigue crack growth rate curves for different R-ratios and temperatures are determined experimentally. Generally, these fatigue crack growth rate curves can be described very well using a novel two-part exponential approach for the formulaic description of fatigue crack growth rate curves developed at Applied Mechanics of Paderborn University (FAM). In this case, three parameters are sufficient to describe the fatigue crack growth rate curves. For the material HCT590X, which is frequently used in clinched joints, it is shown as an example how the parameters vary with the R-ratio and the temperature. In addition, at high crack growth rates, a significant rise in the fatigue crack growth rate curve sometimes occurs at both low and high temperatures. To account for this feature, the two-part exponential approach can be expanded to include a third part.}},
author = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Krome, Sven and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Ostwald, Richard}},
issn = {{2075-4701}},
journal = {{Metals}},
number = {{8}},
publisher = {{MDPI AG}},
title = {{{Influence of the R-Ratio and the Temperature on the Coefficients of a Novel Exponential Approach for the Formulaic Description of Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Curves}}},
doi = {{10.3390/met16080835}},
volume = {{16}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@misc{66090,
author = {{Thomas, Sven}},
booktitle = {{Jahrbuch Technikphilosophie}},
publisher = {{Nomos}},
title = {{{Discourses on Discursive Machines. Review of Mark Coeckelbergh and David J. Gunkel, Communicative AI: A Critical Introduction to Large Language Models}}},
volume = {{11}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@misc{66696,
author = {{Thomas, Sven}},
booktitle = {{Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Philosophie und Ethik}},
publisher = {{C.C.Buchner}},
title = {{{Toni Loh: Feministische Technikphilosophie. Bielefeld: transcript 2025. 324 S.}}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66741,
abstract = {{Abstract
We study theoretically how high-gain effects affect the measurement outcome of visible signal spectra in undetected photon measurement schemes. We consider two interferometric configurations: firstly, the SU(1,1) interferometer where the idler incurs loss and additional dispersion in between two identical, lossless, squeezers; secondly, the induced coherence interferometer where the idler incurs loss and additional dispersion in between two identical, lossless, squeezers and where the second squeezer is seeded by the idler and a vacuum ancilla mode. Furthermore, we consider a distributed loss configuration where the idler incurs loss as it propagates in the nonlinear medium. Motivated by experimental evidence and due to the fact that broadband sources are ideal for these measurement schemes, we use the dispersive data of a third-order dispersion engineered integrated waveguide parametric down conversion (PDC) source presented in Roeder
et al
(2024 New J. Phys.
26
123025) to model the PDC spectra in the three configurations. For each configuration we consider the case of idler-only (i) absorption, (ii) additional dispersion, and (iii) the combined effects. We obtain results which outline the strength and weaknesses of the different configurations at different operation points.
}},
author = {{Houde, Martin and Roeder, Franz and Silberhorn, Christine and Brecht, Benjamin and Quesada, Nicolás}},
issn = {{1367-2630}},
journal = {{New Journal of Physics}},
number = {{7}},
publisher = {{IOP Publishing}},
title = {{{High-gain effects in broadband continuous-wave parametric down conversion sources and measurements with undetected photons}}},
doi = {{10.1088/1367-2630/ae8692}},
volume = {{28}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66740,
abstract = {{Abstract
We theoretically compare the quantum Fisher information (QFI) for three configurations of absorption spectroscopy with undetected idler photons: an SU(1,1) interferometer with inter-source idler loss, an induced-coherence (IC) setup in which the idler partially seeds a second squeezer together with a vacuum ancilla, and a distributed-loss (DL) scheme with in-medium attenuation. We calculate the QFI as a function of parametric gain for both full and signal-only detection access. For losses below 99% and low to moderate gain, the SU(1,1) configuration provides the largest QFI. At high gain and intermediate loss, the IC scheme performs best, while under extreme attenuation (transmission
<
1%) the DL model becomes optimal. These results delineate the measurement regimes in which each architecture is optimal in terms of information theory.
}},
author = {{Houde, Martin and Roeder, Franz and Silberhorn, Christine and Brecht, Benjamin and Quesada, Nicolás}},
issn = {{2515-7647}},
journal = {{Journal of Physics: Photonics}},
number = {{3}},
publisher = {{IOP Publishing}},
title = {{{Quantum fisher information analysis for absorption measurements with undetected photons}}},
doi = {{10.1088/2515-7647/ae82a2}},
volume = {{8}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66094,
abstract = {{The two-qubit controlled-not (C-NOT) gate is an essential component for gate-based quantum circuits. In fact, its operation, combined with single qubit rotations allows to realise any quantum circuit. Several strategies have been adopted in order to build quantum gates. Among them, photonics offers the dual advantage of excellent isolation from the environment and ease of manipulation at the single qubit level. Here we adopt a scalable time-multiplexed approach in order to build a fully reconfigurable architecture capable of implementing a post-selected C-NOT gate with a fidelity of (93.8 ± 1.4)%. We then show how our time-multiplexed platform can be employed to combine a C-NOT and a single qubit gate in order to generate the four Bell states.}},
author = {{Pegoraro, Federico and Held, Philip and Lammers, Jonas and Brecht, Benjamin and Silberhorn, Christine}},
issn = {{2041-1723}},
journal = {{Nature Communications}},
keywords = {{Photonic Quantum Computing, Time-multiplexing, Quantum Information}},
number = {{1}},
publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
title = {{{Demonstration of a quantum C-NOT gate in a time-multiplexed fully reconfigurable photonic processor}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41467-026-74861-9}},
volume = {{17}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@inproceedings{61777,
abstract = {{Classical shadows are succinct classical representations of quantum states
which allow one to encode a set of properties P of a quantum state rho, while
only requiring measurements on logarithmically many copies of rho in the size
of P. In this work, we initiate the study of verification of classical shadows,
denoted classical shadow validity (CSV), from the perspective of computational
complexity, which asks: Given a classical shadow S, how hard is it to verify
that S predicts the measurement statistics of a quantum state? We show that
even for the elegantly simple classical shadow protocol of [Huang, Kueng,
Preskill, Nature Physics 2020] utilizing local Clifford measurements, CSV is
QMA-complete. This hardness continues to hold for the high-dimensional
extension of said protocol due to [Mao, Yi, and Zhu, PRL 2025]. Among other
results, we also show that CSV for exponentially many observables is complete
for a quantum generalization of the second level of the polynomial hierarchy,
yielding the first natural complete problem for such a class.}},
author = {{Karaiskos, Georgios and Rudolph, Dorian and Meyer, Johannes Jakob and Eisert, Jens and Gharibian, Sevag}},
booktitle = {{International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming (ICALP)}},
number = {{123}},
pages = {{1--23}},
title = {{{How hard is it to verify a classical shadow?}}},
volume = {{374}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@inbook{66299,
author = {{Herzig, Bardo}},
booktitle = {{The Age of EdTech: Bildungstechnologie im Spannungsfeld zwischen Innovation und Qualität }},
editor = {{Brüggemann, Tim and Tuchscherer-Schad, Marie and Wiepcke, Claudia}},
isbn = {{978-3-658-49954-9}},
pages = {{395--411}},
publisher = {{Springer VS}},
title = {{{Bildungstechnologie in der schulischen Bildung}}},
doi = {{10.1007/9783658499556}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66632,
abstract = {{Three‐dimensional (3D) assemblies of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) offer a rich platform for plasmonic coupling and near‐field engineering, yet their optical behavior is often complex due to structural disorder and fabrication‐induced variability. Here, we present a systematic optical investigation of large‐scale 3D AuNP assemblies fabricated via meniscus‐guided assembly, focusing on the reproducibility, spatial uniformity, and mode evolution of their plasmonic responses. Spatially‐resolved dark‐field scattering measurements reveal that high‐aspect‐ratio AuNP pillars exhibit uniform scattering spectra along their height and across different pillars, despite variations in geometry and structure. Electromagnetic simulations suggest that this robustness arises from a collective many‐particle plasmonic response that remains optically active despite structural perturbations. The corresponding near‐field and surface‐charge distributions remain spatially distributed under representative structural perturbations, consistent with volumetric averaging across the three‐dimensional assembly. Building on this robust platform, we introduce compositional modulation through a core–satellite architecture by incorporating smaller AuNPs. This yields a composition‐dependent spectral redistribution, including the emergence of an additional long‐wavelength spectral feature in the core–satellite assemblies. Wavelength‐dependent surface‐enhanced Raman scattering measurements reveal contrasting responses under 633 and 785 nm excitation, reflecting redistribution of local plasmonic coupling pathways. These results provide process‐enabled guidelines for using meniscus‐guided 3D‐nanoprinting to realize robust nanoparticle assemblies.}},
author = {{Devaraj, Vasanthan and Kwak, Sunghyun and Kim, Hyeongjip and Sung, Sang‐Keun and Lee, Jong‐Min and Zentgraf, Thomas and Kim, Won‐Geun}},
issn = {{1863-8880}},
journal = {{Laser & Photonics Reviews}},
publisher = {{Wiley}},
title = {{{Spatially Uniform and Defect‐Tolerant Plasmonic Responses in 3D Printed Gold Nanoparticle Assemblies}}},
doi = {{10.1002/lpor.71686}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@misc{65788,
author = {{Azam, Mohammad Hamid}},
title = {{{Entwicklung einer wärmebildkamerabasierten Temperaturmesseinrichtung im Lasersinterverfahren}}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66665,
abstract = {{Multimode quantum light has promising applications in many areas of physics, such as quantum communications and quantum computing. However, its multimode nature also makes it challenging to measure its properties. Recently [I. Barakat et al., Optica Quantum 3, 36 (2025)], a technique for the simultaneous measurement of squeezing of multiple broadband modes based on a phase-sensitive amplification approach was experimentally implemented using a setup that effectively corresponds to an SU(1,1) interferometer. Here, we aim to provide a complete theoretical analysis of the modal structure of (generally unbalanced) SU(1,1) interferometers and a detailed theoretical formal derivation of the framework for this technique. Utilizing the joint Schmidt decomposition of the transfer functions, we investigate the shape and phase profiles of the modes of the SU(1,1) interferometer and its components [parametric down-conversion (PDC) sections] for different parametric gain regimes. We discover a complicated interplay between the PDC modes and the modes of the entire interferometer, and analyze it by using their overlap coefficients as a similarity measure. Finally, we develop a rigorous processing method for the aforementioned multimode squeezing measurement technique and discuss necessary approximations to make this method experimentally feasible.}},
author = {{Scharwald, Dennis and Sharapova, Polina}},
issn = {{2643-1564}},
journal = {{Physical Review Research}},
number = {{3}},
publisher = {{American Physical Society (APS)}},
title = {{{Characterization of spatial Schmidt modes in high-gain SU(1,1) interferometers}}},
doi = {{10.1103/ph64-ts39}},
volume = {{8}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@inproceedings{66709,
abstract = {{In increasingly volatile and uncertain markets, corporate resilience has become a critical capability in strategic product planning. Companies face significant challenges in systematically monitoring and interpreting heterogeneous environmental data originating from diverse sources, formats, and temporal contexts. While predefined workflows and decision trees can support strategic analysis, they often lack the flexibility required to cope with dynamic market conditions and foresightrelated data from extreme dispersed and heterogeneous sources. This paper proposes a method to enhance corporate resilience through the application of generic, reusable AI-based workflows in strategic product planning. The approach integrates Data Science and Artificial Intelligence methods into modular, visually modelled workflows that enable hybrid human-AI decision-making. Based on a systematic literature review and an analysis of industrial challenges, key success factors and resilience criteria are identified. These insights are used to develop a method that supports internal and external analyses, scenario-based strategy development, and adaptive implementation monitoring within a generic workflow structure. The method leverages techniques such as machine learning and generative AI to process structured and unstructured data, identify patterns, and support real-time strategic assessments. Validation with decision-makers from medium-sized companies demonstrates improved transparency, repeatability, and cross-functional collaboration compared to predefined workflows.}},
author = {{Özcan, Deniz and Gräßler, Iris}},
booktitle = {{1st International Symposium: March 24 – 26, 2026, Heinz Nixdorf Institute, Paderborn University}},
editor = {{Graessler, Iris}},
location = {{Paderborn}},
publisher = {{Universitätsbibliothek}},
title = {{{Corporate resilience through generic AI-based workflows in strategic product planning}}},
doi = {{10.17619/UNIPB/1-2636}},
year = {{2026}},
}
@article{66744,
author = {{Farheen, Henna and Chen, Yuheng and Chen, Peigang and Maan, Pranshu and Peana, Samuel and Senichev, Alexander and Shalaev, Vladimir M. and Boltasseva, Alexandra and Förstner, Jens and Kildishev, Alexander V.}},
issn = {{1077-260X}},
journal = {{IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics}},
keywords = {{tet_topic_opticalantenna}},
pages = {{1--12}},
publisher = {{Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}},
title = {{{Efficient Silicon Nitride Quantum Interconnect for Intrinsic Silicon Nitride Single-Photon Emitters}}},
doi = {{10.1109/jstqe.2026.3722063}},
year = {{2026}},
}