@article{35522, abstract = {{Following concepts describing lesson planning as a form of anticipatory reflection, preservice physics teachers’ reflection skills are assumed to be positively connected with their planning skills. However, empirical evidence on this is scarce. To explore how relations between these specific skills change over the course of a field experience controlling for influences of professional knowledge, we conduct a pre-post field study with N = 95 preservice physics teachers in a one-semester field experience. Content knowledge (CK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) (paper-and-pencil tests), and reflection and planning skills (standardized performance assessments) were assessed before and after the field experience. Path analyses revealed almost no influence of reflection skills on planning skills. Reflections skills did not contribute to preservice teachers planning skills beyond knowledge, indicating both constructs might represent rather independent abilities. The results show the need for further development of models describing the development of teachers’ professional knowledge and skills in academic teacher education and for the development of concepts for a better integration of reflection and lesson planning in field experiences.}}, author = {{Vogelsang, Christoph and Kulgemeyer, Christoph and Riese, Josef}}, issn = {{2227-7102}}, journal = {{Education Sciences}}, keywords = {{Public Administration, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Education, Computer Science Applications, Computer Science (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation}}, number = {{7}}, publisher = {{MDPI AG}}, title = {{{Learning to Plan by Learning to Reflect?—Exploring Relations between Professional Knowledge, Reflection Skills, and Planning Skills of Preservice Physics Teachers in a One-Semester Field Experience}}}, doi = {{10.3390/educsci12070479}}, volume = {{12}}, year = {{2022}}, } @phdthesis{31851, abstract = {{Der Förderung von Reflexionskompetenz wird für die Professionalisierung angehender Lehrkräfte eine hohe Bedeutung für die Relationierung zwischen Theorie und Praxis zugeschrieben. In dieser Arbeit wird den übergeordneten Fragestellungen nachgegangen, inwiefern es Lehramtsstudierenden durch Reflexionsgelegenheiten im Studium gelingt, ihr theoretisches Wissen mit praktischen Erfahrungen in Beziehung zu setzen und in welchem Zusammenhang die Reflexionskompetenz zu bestimmten Fördermaßnahmen (Portfolioarbeit) und Settings (Microteaching) sowie zu anderen Facetten professioneller Handlungskompetenz (Professionswissen, Einstellungen, Motivation) steht. Auf Basis einer kompetenztheoretischen Modellierung von Reflexion wurde hierzu die Reflexionsperformanz von Lehramtsstudierenden erfasst, um Rückschlüsse auf reflexionsbezogene Denkprozesse ziehen zu können. Die Auswertungen erfolgten qualitativ inhaltsanalytisch und wurden an teilweise quantifiziert, um statistische Analysen durchführen zu können. Insgesamt zeigen die Befunde der drei Teilstudien, dass die Reflexionsperformanz insbesondere dann von höherer Qualität ist, wenn theoretische Inhalte explizit mit praktischen Erfahrungen relationiert werden. Positive Einstellungen gegenüber Reflexion unterstützen die Reflexionsperformanz. Das bildungswissenschaftliche Professionswissen der Studierenden kann darüber hinaus Unterschiede in der Reflexionsperformanz erklären.}}, author = {{Meier, Jana}}, publisher = {{Universität Paderborn}}, title = {{{„LauRa - In der Lehramtsausbildung Reflexionskompetenz analysieren“. Untersuchungen zum Verhältnis von Theorie, Praxis und Reflexion im Rahmen der Professionalisierung angehender Lehrpersonen.}}}, doi = {{10.17619/UNIPB/1-1274}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{35581, author = {{Meier, Jana and Vogelsang, Christoph and Watson, Christina and Schaper, Niclas}}, journal = {{Lehrerbildung auf dem Prüfstand}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{39--58}}, title = {{{„Reflexion ist erzwungenes Nachdenken“ – Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Reflexionsverständnis Lehramtsstudierender & Facetten ihrer Reflexionskompetenz. }}}, volume = {{15}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{35591, author = {{Meier, Jana and Küth, Simon and Scholl, Daniel and Vogelsang, Christoph and Watson, Christina}}, location = {{Freie Universität Berlin & Universität Potsdam}}, title = {{{Der Zyklus von Planung und Reflexion – Zusammenhänge zwischen der generischen Unterrichtsplanungsfähigkeit und der Reflexionskompetenz angehender Lehrkräfte.}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{35594, author = {{Meier, Jana and Vogelsang, Christoph}}, location = {{Hildesheim}}, title = {{{Erfassung der Reflexionskompetenz angehender Lehrpersonen mittels (offener) Situationsvignetten. }}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{35596, author = {{Watson, Christina and Meier, Jana and Küth, Simon and Scholl, Daniel and Seifert, Andreas and Vogelsang, Christoph}}, location = {{Hildesheim}}, title = {{{Validierung von Testinstrumenten durch Testmotivationsindikatoren.}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{34056, abstract = {{ A process sequence enabling the large-area fabrication of nanopillar-patterned semiconductor templates for selective-area heteroepitaxy is developed. Herein, the nanopillar tops surrounded by a SiNx mask film serve as nanoscale growth areas. The molecular beam epitaxial growth of InAs on such patterned GaAs[Formula: see text]A templates is investigated by means of electron microscopy. It is found that defect-free nanoscale InAs islands grow selectively on the nanopillar tops at a substrate temperature of 425 °C. High-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging reveals that for a growth temperature of 400 °C, the InAs islands show a tendency to form wurtzite phase arms extending along the lateral [Formula: see text] directions from the central zinc blende region of the islands. This is ascribed to a temporary self-catalyzed vapor–liquid–solid growth on [Formula: see text] B facets, which leads to a kinetically induced preference for the nucleation of the wurtzite phase driven by the local, instantaneous V/III ratio, and to a concomitant reduction of surface energy of the nanoscale diameter arms. }}, author = {{Riedl, Thomas and Kunnathully, Vinay S. and Verma, Akshay Kumar and Langer, Timo and Reuter, Dirk and Büker, Björn and Hütten, Andreas and Lindner, Jörg}}, issn = {{0021-8979}}, journal = {{Journal of Applied Physics}}, keywords = {{General Physics and Astronomy}}, number = {{18}}, publisher = {{AIP Publishing}}, title = {{{Selective area heteroepitaxy of InAs nanostructures on nanopillar-patterned GaAs(111)A}}}, doi = {{10.1063/5.0121559}}, volume = {{132}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{34053, author = {{Riedl, Thomas and Kunnathully, Vinay and Trapp, Alexander and Langer, Timo and Reuter, Dirk and Lindner, Jörg}}, issn = {{2196-7350}}, journal = {{Advanced Materials Interfaces}}, keywords = {{Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials}}, number = {{11}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Size‐Dependent Strain Relaxation in InAs Quantum Dots on Top of GaAs(111)A Nanopillars}}}, doi = {{10.1002/admi.202102159}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{35664, author = {{Janzen, Thomas}}, journal = {{Englisch betrifft uns}}, number = {{4}}, title = {{{Democracy ≠ Democracy. Creating digital infographics to compare different democratic systems.}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{34086, author = {{Bürger, Julius and Venugopal, Harikrishnan and Kool, Daniel and de los Arcos de Pedro, Maria Teresa and Gonzalez Orive, Alejandro and Grundmeier, Guido and Brassat, Katharina and Lindner, Jörg}}, issn = {{2196-7350}}, journal = {{Advanced Materials Interfaces}}, keywords = {{General Medicine}}, number = {{26}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{High‐Resolution Study of Changes in Morphology and Chemistry of Cylindrical PS‐ b ‐PMMA Block Copolymer Nanomasks during Mask Development}}}, doi = {{10.1002/admi.202200962}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inbook{33466, abstract = {{We review our results of numerical simulations of light scattering from different systems of densely packed irregular particles. We consider spherical clusters, thick layers and monolayers with realistic topologies and dimensions much larger than the wavelength of light. The maximum bulk packing density of clusters is 0.5. A numerically exact solution of the electromagnetic problem is obtained using the Discontinuous Galerkin Time Domain method and with application of high- performance computing. We show that high packing density causes light localization in such structures which makes an impact on the opposition phenomena: backscattering intensity surge and negative linear polarization feature. Diffuse multiple scattering is significantly reduced in the case of non-absorbing particles and near-field interaction results in a percolation-like light transport determined by the topology of the medium. With this the negative polarization feature caused by single scattering gets enhanced if compared to lower density samples. We also confirm coherent double scattering mechanism of negative polarization for light scattered from dense absorbing slabs. In this case convergent result for the scattering angle polarization dependency at backscattering can be obtained for a layer of just a few tens of particles if they are larger than the wavelength.}}, author = {{Grynko, Yevgen and Shkuratov, Yuriy and Alhaddad, Samer and Förstner, Jens}}, booktitle = {{Springer Series in Light Scattering - Volume 8: Light Polarization and Multiple Scattering in Turbid Media}}, editor = {{Kokhanovsky, Alexander}}, isbn = {{9783031102974}}, issn = {{2509-2790}}, keywords = {{tet_topic_scattering}}, publisher = {{Springer International Publishing}}, title = {{{Light Scattering by Large Densely Packed Clusters of Particles}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-031-10298-1_4}}, volume = {{8}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{34727, author = {{Schöppner, Volker and Köllermeier, Jonas and Hiesgen, G. and Trippe, J.}}, location = {{Aachen}}, title = {{{Development of Simulation Based Assistant Systems for Automatic Process Monitoring and Derivation of Recommendations to Optimize a Profile Extrusion Line}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{34720, author = {{Schöppner, Volker and Köllermeier, Jonas}}, location = {{Fukuoka}}, title = {{{Application of a Dynamic Approach to Determine the Optimal Barrel Temperature of Single Screw Extruders}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{34726, author = {{Schöppner, Volker and Köllermeier, Jonas}}, location = {{Charlotte}}, title = {{{Development of an Inline-Measurement System of the Surface Temperature of Square Hollow Profiles}}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{36335, abstract = {{Transformation of Fe- and Cu-rich primary phase particles was studied in an Al-Li-based alloy prepared by twin-roll casting. Thin foils for combined STEM and SEM experiments were prepared by electrolytic twin-jet polishing. They were in-situ heated in a TEM heating stage and observed at 200 kV in the JEOL JEM 2200FS electron microscope equipped with STEM HAADF and BF detectors and SEM BSE and SE detectors working both in composition and topographic modes. The resulting structures were combined with EDS mapping performed directly in the heating holder. Dissolution and transformation of Cu- and Fe-rich particles occur above 500 °C. EDS maps acquired on the foil cooled down to room temperature show that Cu and Fe are both still present in newly formed particles, most likely indicating the presence of the Al7Cu2Fe phase.}}, author = {{CIESLAR, Miroslav and KŘIVSKÁ, Barbora and KRÁLÍK, Rostislav and BAJTOŠOVÁ, Lucia and Grydin, Olexandr and STOLBCHENKO, Mykhailo and Schaper, Mirko}}, booktitle = {{METAL 2022 Conference Proeedings}}, issn = {{2694-9296}}, keywords = {{Al-Li-based alloy, in-situ TEM, homogenization, phase transformation}}, location = {{Brno}}, publisher = {{TANGER Ltd.}}, title = {{{HOMOGENIZATION OF TWIN-ROLL CAST Al-Li-BASED ALLOY STUDIED BY IN-SITU ELECTRON MICROSCOPY}}}, doi = {{10.37904/metal.2022.4438}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{33671, abstract = {{Abstract We demonstrate the fabrication of micron-wide tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors on a silicon substrate using laser lithography. We show saturated internal detection efficiencies with wire widths ranging from 0.59 µm to 1.43 µm under illumination at 1550 nm. We demonstrate both straight wires, as well as meandered structures. Single-photon sensitivity is shown in devices up to 4 mm in length. Laser-lithographically written devices allow for fast and easy structuring of large areas while maintaining a saturated internal efficiency for wire widths around 1 µm.}}, author = {{Protte, Maximilian and Verma, Varun B and Höpker, Jan Philipp and Mirin, Richard P and Woo Nam, Sae and Bartley, Tim}}, issn = {{0953-2048}}, journal = {{Superconductor Science and Technology}}, keywords = {{Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Metals and Alloys, Condensed Matter Physics, Ceramics and Composites}}, number = {{5}}, publisher = {{IOP Publishing}}, title = {{{Laser-lithographically written micron-wide superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors}}}, doi = {{10.1088/1361-6668/ac5338}}, volume = {{35}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{30342, author = {{Lange, Nina Amelie and Höpker, Jan Philipp and Ricken, Raimund and Quiring, Viktor and Eigner, Christof and Silberhorn, Christine and Bartley, Tim}}, issn = {{2334-2536}}, journal = {{Optica}}, keywords = {{Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{The Optical Society}}, title = {{{Cryogenic integrated spontaneous parametric down-conversion}}}, doi = {{10.1364/optica.445576}}, volume = {{9}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{33672, abstract = {{Abstract Lithium niobate is a promising platform for integrated quantum optics. In this platform, we aim to efficiently manipulate and detect quantum states by combining superconducting single photon detectors and modulators. The cryogenic operation of a superconducting single photon detector dictates the optimisation of the electro-optic modulators under the same operating conditions. To that end, we characterise a phase modulator, directional coupler, and polarisation converter at both ambient and cryogenic temperatures. The operation voltage V π / 2 of these modulators increases, due to the decrease in the electro-optic effect, by 74% for the phase modulator, 84% for the directional coupler and 35% for the polarisation converter below 8.5 K . The phase modulator preserves its broadband nature and modulates light in the characterised wavelength range. The unbiased bar state of the directional coupler changed by a wavelength shift of 85 n m while cooling the device down to 5 K . The polarisation converter uses periodic poling to phasematch the two orthogonal polarisations. The phasematched wavelength of the utilised poling changes by 112 n m when cooling to 5 K .}}, author = {{Thiele, Frederik and vom Bruch, Felix and Brockmeier, Julian and Protte, Maximilian and Hummel, Thomas and Ricken, Raimund and Quiring, Viktor and Lengeling, Sebastian and Herrmann, Harald and Eigner, Christof and Silberhorn, Christine and Bartley, Tim}}, issn = {{2515-7647}}, journal = {{Journal of Physics: Photonics}}, keywords = {{Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials}}, number = {{3}}, publisher = {{IOP Publishing}}, title = {{{Cryogenic electro-optic modulation in titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides}}}, doi = {{10.1088/2515-7647/ac6c63}}, volume = {{4}}, year = {{2022}}, } @article{33673, abstract = {{ Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) have become an integral part of quantum optics in recent years because of their high performance in single photon detection. We present a method to replace the electrical input by supplying the required bias current via the photocurrent of a photodiode situated on the cold stage of the cryostat. Light is guided to the bias photodiode through an optical fiber, which enables a lower thermal conduction and galvanic isolation between room temperature and the cold stage. We show that an off-the-shelf InGaAs–InP photodiode exhibits a responsivity of at least 0.55 A/W at 0.8 K. Using this device to bias an SNSPD, we characterize the count rate dependent on the optical power incident on the photodiode. This configuration of the SNSPD and photodiode shows an expected plateau in the single photon count rate with an optical bias power on the photodiode above 6.8 µW. Furthermore, we compare the same detector under both optical and electrical bias, and show there is no significant changes in performance. This has the advantage of avoiding an electrical input cable, which reduces the latent heat load by a factor of 100 and, in principle, allows for low loss RF current supply at the cold stage. }}, author = {{Thiele, Frederik and Hummel, Thomas and Protte, Maximilian and Bartley, Tim}}, issn = {{2378-0967}}, journal = {{APL Photonics}}, keywords = {{Computer Networks and Communications, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics}}, number = {{8}}, publisher = {{AIP Publishing}}, title = {{{Opto-electronic bias of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector using a cryogenic photodiode}}}, doi = {{10.1063/5.0097506}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2022}}, } @inproceedings{27531, abstract = {{The Quantum Singular Value Transformation (QSVT) is a recent technique that gives a unified framework to describe most quantum algorithms discovered so far, and may lead to the development of novel quantum algorithms. In this paper we investigate the hardness of classically simulating the QSVT. A recent result by Chia, Gily\'en, Li, Lin, Tang and Wang (STOC 2020) showed that the QSVT can be efficiently "dequantized" for low-rank matrices, and discussed its implication to quantum machine learning. In this work, motivated by establishing the superiority of quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry and making progress on the quantum PCP conjecture, we focus on the other main class of matrices considered in applications of the QSVT, sparse matrices. We first show how to efficiently "dequantize", with arbitrarily small constant precision, the QSVT associated with a low-degree polynomial. We apply this technique to design classical algorithms that estimate, with constant precision, the singular values of a sparse matrix. We show in particular that a central computational problem considered by quantum algorithms for quantum chemistry (estimating the ground state energy of a local Hamiltonian when given, as an additional input, a state sufficiently close to the ground state) can be solved efficiently with constant precision on a classical computer. As a complementary result, we prove that with inverse-polynomial precision, the same problem becomes BQP-complete. This gives theoretical evidence for the superiority of quantum algorithms for chemistry, and strongly suggests that said superiority stems from the improved precision achievable in the quantum setting. We also discuss how this dequantization technique may help make progress on the central quantum PCP conjecture.}}, author = {{Gharibian, Sevag and Gall, François Le}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 54th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC)}}, pages = {{19--32}}, title = {{{Dequantizing the Quantum Singular Value Transformation: Hardness and Applications to Quantum Chemistry and the Quantum PCP Conjecture}}}, year = {{2022}}, }