@article{65823,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>
                    Additive manufacturing by laser powder bed fusion enables complex AlSi10Mg components but produces a heterogeneous microstructure prone to localized corrosion. In this study, hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ultrathin films, with and without an SiO
                    <jats:italic>ₓ</jats:italic>
                    interlayer attached by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), were applied for corrosion mitigation. Surface modifications were characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), polarization modulation–infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy (PM‐IRRAS) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. Electrochemical behavior was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and chronoamperometry by a droplet‐cell approach. Atmospheric corrosion processes simulating marine corrosion were monitored by optical microscopy. Spectroscopic analyses confirm successful PDMS attachment. Electrochemical measurements reveal reduced corrosion current densities by one magnitude, suppressed pitting activity, and anodic shifts of the pitting potential. The SiO
                    <jats:italic>ₓ</jats:italic>
                    ‐CVD + PDMS bilayer exhibits the highest resistance to atmospheric corrosion.
                  </jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Prüßner, Tim and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Buitkamp, Nadine and Grundmeier, Guido}},
  issn         = {{0947-5117}},
  journal      = {{Materials and Corrosion}},
  publisher    = {{Wiley}},
  title        = {{{Atmospheric Corrosion Protection of LPBF Manufactured AlSi10Mg by Combining SiO                    <i>x</i>                    ‐CVD and PDMS Grafting}}},
  doi          = {{10.1002/maco.70163}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{65615,
  abstract     = {{Self-piercing riveting (SPR) is a well-established joining technique in lightweight construction, as it enables the joining of different materials without requiring pre-drilling. However, the necessary adaptation of the rivet-die combination to the respective material and thickness combinations requires a large number of specific tool sets, which significantly limits the process's flexibility. To overcome these limitations, the versatile self-piercing riveting (V-SPR) was developed, which features enhanced punch actuation in combination with a multi-range-capable rivet . In this context, the concept of a movable die was introduced, which enables an extended process window and adaptable joint formation. Kappe et al. presented initial studies demonstrating the potential of this approach . However, a detailed numerical understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains lacking. This paper presents a numerical analysis of V-SPR with a movable die using a finite element (FE) model. The model includes deformable rivets, sheet metal materials and a kinematically controlled die with adjustable movement. A parameter study was conducted to analyse the influence of die movement on the material flow of the rivet and sheets, as well as joint formation. The simulations were validated using selected experimental data. The goal is to compare the joint geometries achieved with fixed and moving dies and expand the process windows of VSPR. The results demonstrate that the movable-die concept significantly enhances the material flow of both the sheets and the rivet, resulting in a noticeably larger and more reliable interlock than what is achievable with V-SPR using a fixed die. The numerical analyses support the observations reported by Kappe et al. and extend them by providing a quantitative description of how die displacement influences the resulting interlock size. Moreover, the ability to precisely control the die movement makes it possible to join challenging sheet-metal combinations that are difficult to process with conventional setups, particularly in cases involving thicker sheet materials.}},
  author       = {{Kaimann, Pia Katharina and Bobbert, Mathias and Meschut, Gerson}},
  issn         = {{1662-9752}},
  journal      = {{Materials Science Forum}},
  pages        = {{149--160}},
  publisher    = {{Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}},
  title        = {{{Numerical Analysis of the Influence of a Movable Die on Joint Formation in Versatile Self-Piercing Riveting}}},
  doi          = {{10.4028/p-8jkha8}},
  volume       = {{1185}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inbook{65689,
  abstract     = {{The use of aluminium materials in the structural and bodywork areas of assemblies has proven to be a targeted option for lightweight design. How-ever, the reliable and cost-efficient joining of aluminium components remains a challenge. Mechanical joining methods, such as riveting, are frequently used in the automotive and aerospace construction industries. Rivets are made from heat-treated steels. Compared to steel, the use of aluminium materials for fasten-ers offers several advantages in terms of joining properties, particularly in terms of recyclability, corrosion resistance and reduced weight of the joined structure. Additionally, the manufacturing process is shorter since aluminium fasteners do not require coating. However, aluminium rivets can often not be used due to the insufficient mechanical strength of the fastener material in relation to the joining component materials.
This study systematically investigates the requirements for using solid alu-minium self-piercing rivets. The influence of rivet geometry adjustments on the joint quality is analysed using numerical simulation. The results are used to derive and evaluate an optimised rivet geometry for joining pure aluminium sheets. On this basis, solid self-drilling rivets with optimised geometry are manufactured from particle-reinforced aluminium produced in a continuous extrusion process by machining. The integration of particles increases the material’s strength. Exper-imental tests are conducted to evaluate the use of optimised solid self-piercing rivets. The quality-relevant parameters are determined and evaluated based on macrographs of the joints.}},
  author       = {{Koch, Steffen and Weber, Joshua and Meschut, Gerson and Stadelmann, Claudia and Böhm, Wolfgang and Merklein, Marion}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings in Engineering Mechanics}},
  isbn         = {{9783032236401}},
  issn         = {{2731-0221}},
  keywords     = {{Solid self-piercing riveting cdot particle-reinforced aluminium cdot continuous powder extrusion cdot Joining technology cdot Rivet geometry cdot lightweight design}},
  location     = {{Coimbra}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Nature Switzerland}},
  title        = {{{Particle-Reinforced Aluminium Solid Self-piercing Rivets for Joining Aluminium Alloy Sheets}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-032-23641-8_1}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inbook{65915,
  author       = {{Jesinghausen, Steffen and Schmid, Hans-Joachim}},
  booktitle    = {{Opus Fluidum Futurum—Rheology of Reactive, Multiscale, Multiphase Construction Materials}},
  title        = {{{Adaptive Coaxial Concrete Rheometer (ACCR): Honest Rheological Measurements and Corrections}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-032-15391-3}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{65922,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>A fundamental equation of state for tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) is developed based on the available experimental data. In addition, new density and speed of sound measurements were performed specifically for this work to improve the database. Owing to the limited overall data set, additional thermodynamic properties were analyzed to support the fitting procedure and ensure physically consistent behavior. Modified representations of thermodynamic properties that are typically employed in the fitting procedure were introduced to facilitate the application of constraints. The resulting model provides a consistent description of the thermodynamic properties of TMOS.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Fiedler, F. and Baumhögger, Elmar and Kruse, Simon and Lemmon, E. W. and Kasper, Tina and Thol, M.}},
  issn         = {{0195-928X}},
  journal      = {{International Journal of Thermophysics}},
  number       = {{7}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Thermodynamic Properties of Tetramethoxysilane}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s10765-026-03770-2}},
  volume       = {{47}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{66007,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>The reduction of CO2-emissions in the chemical industry is essential to meet European climate targets. Particularly, the reliance on fossil fuels for process heat supply is a key factor for CO2-emissions. Electrically driven compression heat pumps are a promising option to reduce fossil fuel consumption by upgrading low-temperature waste heat to a higher temperature level, provided that low-carbon electricity is available. However, the integration of heat pumps into chemical utility systems remains a challenge due to economic constraints and the high complexity associated with site-wide heat integration and retrofit of existing structures. This work presents a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) approach for the optimization of utility systems with integrated heat pumps. To address computational complexity, candidate utility temperature levels are pre-selected, and feasible heat pump coefficients of performance (COP) are precomputed. The framework is applied to both greenfield and retrofit scenarios for a synthetic case study consisting of 400 process streams. In the greenfield scenario, optimal utility temperature levels and heat pump integration configurations are identified. For the retrofit scenario, temperature levels of an existing utility system are modified to reduce total annual costs (TAC). Additionally, sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the influence of key economic and environmental parameters. The presented case studies demonstrate short solution times, highlighting the suitability of the proposed framework for screening studies and systematic sensitivity analyses in early-stage design and retrofit applications.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Hochhaus, Thorben and Grünewald, Marcus and Riese, Julia}},
  booktitle    = {{Systems and Control Transactions}},
  issn         = {{2818-4734}},
  publisher    = {{PSE Press}},
  title        = {{{Optimization of Site-wide Heat-Integrated Utility Systems with Heat Pumps using MILP}}},
  doi          = {{10.69997/sct.152209}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{66008,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Heat pumps offer the possibility of reducing CO2-emissions in the chemical industry. However, the integration of heat pumps, especially in non-continuous processes, faces several challenges. Energy storage facilitates a way to enhance heat integration by providing a continuous supply of heat flows. By doing so, the question arises as to whether this implementation should be applied to the process or to the utility level. At the process level, there is usually more freedom, as one is not bound by the existing temperature levels of the utility system, which are mostly difficult to retrofit. Therefore, this study presents an approach that generates heat integration concepts at the process level based on two different criteria. These criteria influence which process streams are grouped for a storage implementation and therefore influence the heat integration. The aim is to maintain the heat flows as continuous as possible by integrated heat storages. Finally, the possible heat integration concept is evaluated in terms of energy efficiency by a know method for continuous process streams, here the pinch analysis.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Wloch, Johannes and Grünewald, Marcus and Riese, Julia}},
  booktitle    = {{Systems and Control Transactions}},
  issn         = {{2818-4734}},
  publisher    = {{PSE Press}},
  title        = {{{Development of a methodology for heat pump-based heat integration in batch processes}}},
  doi          = {{10.69997/sct.140728}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{66059,
  author       = {{Kapustenko, Petro and Tovazhnyanskyy, Leonid and Arsenyeva, Olga and Riese, Julia and Varbanov, Petar Sabev}},
  issn         = {{1290-0729}},
  journal      = {{International Journal of Thermal Sciences}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Selection of the mini- and micro-channels geometry for improved heat recuperation in specific industrial conditions}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2026.111129}},
  volume       = {{229}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{66067,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>Mechanical joining processes have played an increasingly important role in the manufacturing of modern lightweight structures due to a greater variety of materials. The growing number of joining tasks requires a large number of joining elements. Friction spun joint connectors (FSJC) offer an innovative approach that meets the growing demand for flexibility. This process combines rotational movement and axial force to create targeted friction heating, enabling the production of FSJCs and the joining of various sheet metal materials. The shape of the FSJC can be optimally adapted to the joining situation in question, providing a significant advantage in terms of process chain versatility. This paper investigates FSJCs made of the steel grades C45E+C (1.1191) and 115CrV3 (1.2210), the effect of in situ quenching during the joining process. The influences of the essential parameters of rotational speed, feed rate, and FSJC length on the mechanical properties after quenching are being focused on and compared to similar conditions during joining without quenching. At the same time, the material change is analyzed to determine the effect of different alloy approaches on hardness profiles and strength characteristics in cross-tensile testing. For this purpose, systematic test series with varying process parameters are conducted and evaluated using hardness measurements and cross-tensile tests.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Nordieker, Ansgar Bernhard and Homberg, Werner}},
  issn         = {{0972-2815}},
  journal      = {{Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals}},
  number       = {{6}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Quenching During Thermomechanical Joining Using Friction Spun Joint Connectors}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s12666-026-03846-5}},
  volume       = {{79}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{64616,
  abstract     = {{The circular economy offers decisive advantages over the currently prevalent linear economy in industry. Firstly, the reuse of products, individual parts and material reduces the need for new production or generation and the associated consumption of energy and resources. Secondly, it helps to avoid the generation of waste. Early consideration of circular economic principles in product development processes is essential to specifically promote reuse, reparability and recycling. Efficient recycling of assemblies requires well-defined strategies. However, various challenges hinder the efficiency of technical recycling processes in industrial applications. This paper presents an Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram-based approach to systematically identify and categorize these influences. The method is implemented within an industrial framework, highlighting key obstacles such as material composition, design constraints, use of technology, framework conditions, economic limitations and regulatory challenges. By applying a scenario analysis, this approach examines potential future developments and their impact on recycling-oriented design choices. This helps to identify critical influencing factors and supports the development of resilient and sustainable industrial practices. This framework will serve as the foundation for developing an automated approach to circular design, enabling industries to more effectively integrate sustainability into their processes and adapt to changing environmental demands.}},
  author       = {{Rohde, Katharina and Gonzalez, Barbara Fernandez and Budde, Finn Lukas and Ott, Manuel and Mozgova, Iryna and Mendibe, Alain Alonso}},
  booktitle    = {{Safe and Sustainable Value Creation by Design - Proceedings of the 21st Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing}},
  editor       = {{Kohl, Holger and Seliger, Günther and Dietrich, Franz and Campana, Giampaolo}},
  location     = {{Bologna, Italy}},
  pages        = {{378--395}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Nature Switzerland AG}},
  title        = {{{Unveiling Barriers to Recycling with a Focus on Design: An Ishikawa Diagram-Based Approach with Industrial Application}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-21157-6_43}},
  volume       = {{1}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{64820,
  abstract     = {{Political goals, emerging EU sustainability regulations, and industrial digitalization are driving the introduction of Digital Product Passports (DPPs) to enhance transparency, traceability, and compliance across product life cycles. However, the appropriate granularity of DPP integration across product architectures remains ambiguous. This paper introduces a structured, decision-oriented framework that links product structure, regulatory relevance, and information depth to define consistent DPP levels, supporting both industry implementation and future standardization.}},
  author       = {{Rohde, Katharina and Budde, Finn Lukas and Patrício, Bárbara and Ferreira, Tânia and Gonçalves, Ana and Ott, Manuel and Mozgova, Iryna}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Design Society}},
  keywords     = {{digital product passport, product architecture, circular economy, information granularity, decision-making framework}},
  location     = {{Cavtat, Dubrovnik, Croatia}},
  pages        = {{1511--1520}},
  publisher    = {{Cambridge University Press}},
  title        = {{{Digital product passports and the challenge of product structure granularity: A decision-making framework for the level of DPP integration}}},
  doi          = {{https://doi.org/10.1017/pds.2026.10509}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{66288,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>ABSTRACT:</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>Engineers simulate system behavior to support decisions in product engineering. Leveraging such engineering simulation data in strategic product planning can support idea generation and early evaluation of design alternatives and limitations. However, limited resources and expertise hinder broader uptake in strategic product planning. This paper investigates simulator integration into automated workflows and key processing components to enable simulation without in-depth expertise. This approach improves strategic product planning by creating data-based decision support.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Döhner, Niklas}},
  booktitle    = {{Proceedings of the Design Society}},
  issn         = {{2732-527X}},
  keywords     = {{simulation-based design, design tools, multi-/cross-/trans-disciplinary approaches, simulation data reuse}},
  pages        = {{357--366}},
  publisher    = {{Cambridge University Press (CUP)}},
  title        = {{{Leveraging extreme-scale simulation data: a workflow framework for multidisciplinary simulator integration}}},
  doi          = {{10.1017/pds.2026.10394}},
  volume       = {{6}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inbook{66332,
  author       = {{Gräßler, Iris and Rarbach, Sven and Pottebaum, Jens}},
  booktitle    = {{Nachhaltigkeit in der Produktentwicklung}},
  isbn         = {{9783658521165}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}},
  title        = {{{PLM und Datenökosysteme für eine MBSE-basierte zirkuläre Wertschöpfung}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-658-52117-2_17}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{65085,
  author       = {{Altun, Osman and Ott, Manuel and Meihöfener, Niclas and Budde, Finn and Mozgova, Iryna}},
  issn         = {{1877-0509}},
  journal      = {{Procedia Computer Science}},
  pages        = {{344--353}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Leveraging Large Language Models in Engineering Design and Product Development: A Snapshot}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.procs.2026.02.040}},
  volume       = {{276}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inbook{66314,
  author       = {{Mozgova, Iryna and Altun, Osman and Ott, Manuel and Rohde, Katharina}},
  booktitle    = {{Nachhaltigkeit in der Produktentwicklung}},
  isbn         = {{9783658521165}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}},
  title        = {{{Ressourceneffiziente Produktentwicklung: Synergien von Leichtbau und Nachhaltigkeit in Optimierungsprozessen}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/978-3-658-52117-2_13}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@inproceedings{66545,
  abstract     = {{The key to achieving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions in transportation lies in the effectiveness of vehicles and their associated mechatronic systems. A notable example of a mechatronic system is the headlamp at the front of a vehicle, which emits adaptive headlights, such as the well-known adaptive cornering lights or glare-free high beam. The rise of these and other Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) has led to a proliferation of sensor data. However, the full potential of ADAS sensor data for increasing energy efficiency has not yet been exploited in the past. This study demonstrates that utilizing the data to dynamically adapt headlights to the upcoming driving scenario leads to a substantial reduction in power consumption. This objective is pursued by focusing on the predominant carbon footprint driver, namely the low beam.}},
  author       = {{Fittkau, Niklas and Bußemas, Leon and Malena, Kevin and Gausemeier, Sandra and Trächtler, Ansgar}},
  booktitle    = {{2026 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)}},
  keywords     = {{intelligent headlights, energy efficiency, ecodriving, decarbonization, matrix LED headlights, adaptive realtime control, ADAS systems, feedforward control, simulation}},
  location     = {{Detroit}},
  publisher    = {{IEEE}},
  title        = {{{Intelligent headlights boost energy efficiency and drive decarbonization}}},
  volume       = {{37}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@techreport{66548,
  abstract     = {{The Circular Economy is considered a key approach to addressing resource scarcity, rising raw material prices, and the need for more resilient value chains. However, its practical implementation is often hindered by the lack of suitable and standardized metrics, as well as by high requirements for horizontal and vertical data integration. This white paper illustrates, through selected Manufacturing-X projects, how federated data ecosystems can help establish Circular Economy metrics as an effective management instrument for growth, margin protection, and resilience.
Based on literature, industrial practice, and demonstrators, Circular Economy metrics are structured into four groups: overarching assessment approaches, disassembly-related indicators, lifetime-oriented metrics, and end-of-life and recycling-focused indicators. Use cases from Construct-X, Decide4ECO, Fluid 4.0, Chem-X, and other Manufacturing-X initiatives demonstrate the benefits of data-driven approaches for product, component, and material loops. At the same time, they reveal a current lack of interoperable, cross-industry standards for both metrics and data models.
The white paper concludes that data ecosystems such as Manufacturing-X are a key enabler for scaling circular business models. In particular, shared cross-sector frameworks for metrics, standardized information models based for example on the Asset Administration Shell, and the integration of circular metrics into existing systems and processes are essential. The work presented therefore marks an important step toward a data-driven and economically viable Circular Economy.}},
  author       = {{Pottebaum, Jens and Dietrich, Katrin and Schmidt, Lara and Biglari, Mostafa and Schmidt, Michael-Georg and Pistillo, Alessandro and Gravina, Nadja and Schmidt, Franziska}},
  keywords     = {{Circular Economy, Circular Economy Metrics, Manufacturing-X, Data Ecosystems}},
  publisher    = {{Manufacturing-X Guidance Board}},
  title        = {{{Understanding the Value of Data Ecosystems for Circular Economy Metrics}}},
  doi          = {{10.24406/PUBLICA-9382}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{66554,
  author       = {{Arsenyeva, Olga and Breuer, Niklas and Riepin, Yevhenii and Grünewald, Marcus and Riese, Julia}},
  issn         = {{2451-9049}},
  journal      = {{Thermal Science and Engineering Progress}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier BV}},
  title        = {{{Method for estimation of plate heat exchanger design for a flexible methanol–water distillation column}}},
  doi          = {{10.1016/j.tsep.2026.104855}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{66457,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
                  <jats:p>The service life of fatigue-loaded components that already contain manufacturing‑induced microcracks is primarily governed by the direction and the rate of fatigue-crack growth. When multiple loading components (e.g., tension, compression, shear) act simultaneously but not in temporal synchrony, out‑of‑phase mixed‑mode conditions occur. Such loadings are typical for automotive chassis parts and mechanically joined sheet‑metal assemblies. For optimized design of structural components, the crack kinking angle that occurs under mixed‑mode loading must be predicted as accurately as possible. At present, however, this is still challenging for out‑of‑phase loading conditions. To investigate the associated crack kinking behavior, a novel Compact‑Tension‑Shear‑Mini (CTSM) specimen was developed, enabling controlled generation of plane out-of-phase mixed-mode loading states. Experiments were performed under various combinations of cyclic and static mode I and mode II load components and compared with the analytical predictions of the Out-of-Phase Mixed-Mode (OMM) concept. The measured crack kinking angles showed very good agreement with the predicted values, with mean deviations of only a few degrees, demonstrating the validity and reproducibility of the approach. These findings confirm the applicability of the OMM concept for describing fatigue‑crack propagation under non‑proportional mixed‑mode loading and provide a basis for fatigue‑life assessment of clinched joints and other cyclic multi-axially loaded components.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Krome, Sven and Kullmer, Gunter and Weiß, Deborah and Duffe, Tobias and Ostwald, Richard}},
  issn         = {{2731-6564}},
  journal      = {{Discover Mechanical Engineering}},
  number       = {{1}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Experimental determination of kinking angles with out-of-phase mixed-mode loading by means of a novel specimen geometry}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s44245-026-00236-5}},
  volume       = {{5}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}

@article{66673,
  abstract     = {{<jats:p>Investigating crack growth in sheet metal originating from clinched joints is a major part of predicting the service life of mechanically joined structures. Clinching allows different materials to be joined together. A key task in this context is to perform crack growth simulations in the vicinity of clinched joints considering different load and environmental conditions. This requires formulaic descriptions of the fatigue crack growth rate curves for the materials used. For this purpose, fatigue crack growth rate curves for different R-ratios and temperatures are determined experimentally. Generally, these fatigue crack growth rate curves can be described very well using a novel two-part exponential approach for the formulaic description of fatigue crack growth rate curves developed at Applied Mechanics of Paderborn University (FAM). In this case, three parameters are sufficient to describe the fatigue crack growth rate curves. For the material HCT590X, which is frequently used in clinched joints, it is shown as an example how the parameters vary with the R-ratio and the temperature. In addition, at high crack growth rates, a significant rise in the fatigue crack growth rate curve sometimes occurs at both low and high temperatures. To account for this feature, the two-part exponential approach can be expanded to include a third part.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Kullmer, Gunter and Krome, Sven and Weiß, Deborah and Schramm, Britta and Ostwald, Richard}},
  issn         = {{2075-4701}},
  journal      = {{Metals}},
  number       = {{8}},
  publisher    = {{MDPI AG}},
  title        = {{{Influence of the R-Ratio and the Temperature on the Coefficients of a Novel Exponential Approach for the Formulaic Description of Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Curves}}},
  doi          = {{10.3390/met16080835}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2026}},
}