[{"date_created":"2021-04-15T10:29:53Z","author":[{"first_name":"Amelie","id":"54290","full_name":"Bender, Amelie","last_name":"Bender"}],"supervisor":[{"first_name":"Walter","last_name":"Sextro","full_name":"Sextro, Walter","id":"21220"},{"full_name":"Bracke, Stefan","last_name":"Bracke","first_name":"Stefan"}],"publisher":"Shaker","date_updated":"2023-09-15T12:22:50Z","doi":"10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084","title":"Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten","citation":{"ama":"Bender A. <i>Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten</i>. Shaker; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084\">10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084</a>","chicago":"Bender, Amelie. <i>Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten</i>. Shaker, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084\">https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084</a>.","ieee":"A. Bender, <i>Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten</i>. Shaker, 2021.","apa":"Bender, A. (2021). <i>Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten</i>. Shaker. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084\">https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084</a>","mla":"Bender, Amelie. <i>Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten</i>. Shaker, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084\">10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084</a>.","short":"A. Bender, Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten, Shaker, 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Bender_2021, title={Zustandsüberwachung zur Prognose der Restlebensdauer von Gummi-Metall-Elementen unter Berücksichtigung systembasierter Unsicherheiten}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084\">10.17619/UNIPB/1-1084</a>}, publisher={Shaker}, author={Bender, Amelie}, year={2021} }"},"year":"2021","user_id":"210","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"_id":"21630","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"keyword":["Zustandsüberwachung","Prognose der Restlebensdauer","modellbasierte Prognose","Partikelfilter","Unsicherheiten","Gummi","Verlässlichkeit","Lebensdauerversuche","Predictive Maintenance"],"type":"dissertation","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Eine zustandsbasierte Instandhaltungsstrategie reduziert das Risiko eines Ausfalls eines technischen Systems bei gleichzeitig hoher Ausnutzung und planbaren Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit liegt in der Entwicklung einer Zustandsüberwachung für Gummi-Metall-Elemente. Die Herausforderungen dieser Zustandsüberwachung leiten sich aus dem viskoelastischen Verhalten sowie dem komplexen Degradationsverhalten der Elemente ab. Infolge der daraus resultierenden Unsicherheiten werden die Elemente heutzutage präventiv instandgehalten. In Lebensdauerversuchen der Gummi-Metall-Elemente werden drei Messgrößen detektiert. Dabei wird mit der Temperatur eine Messgröße identifiziert, die am geeignetsten zur Beschreibung des Zustands der Elemente ist. Generell wird die Genauigkeit einer Zustandsüberwachung durch verschiedene Unsicherheiten beeinflusst. Für die Prognose der nutzbaren Restlebensdauer der Gummi-Metall-Elemente wird das Partikelfilter, eine verbreitete modellbasierte Methode zur Zustandsüberwachung technischer Systeme, weiterentwickelt, um Unsicherheiten im Verhalten und der Degradation der Elemente zu berücksichtigen. Anhand der Ergebnisse wird belegt, dass aufbauend auf dieser Zustandsüberwachung die Ausnutzung der Gummi-Metall-Elemente in realen Anwendungen durch eine präventive Instandhaltung erhöht werden kann. Damit bildet diese Arbeit die Basis für zukünftige, prädiktive Instandhaltungskonzepte für diese Elemente. Weiterhin bestätigt die Arbeit, dass eine Berücksichtigung vorliegender Unsicherheiten zu einem frühen Zeitpunkt im Entwicklungsprozess des Zustandsüberwachungssystems empfehlenswert ist.","lang":"ger"},{"lang":"eng","text":"With condition-based maintenance, the risk of system failure is reduced while maximizing system utilization and ensuring a predictable maintenance schedule. The aim of this thesis is the development of a condition monitoring system of rubber-metal-elements. Due to the viscoelasticity and the complex degradation behavior of the elements, they are currently maintained preventively. During lifetime tests of the rubber-metal-elements, three measurement quantities are acquired. Thereby, temperature is identified as the most suitable measurement quantity to describe the rubber-metal-elements state. The accuracy of a condition monitoring system is generally influenced by various uncertainties. To consider available uncertainties within the behavior and the degradation of the elements, the particle filter, a state-of-the-art model-based method for predicting remaining useful life, is enhanced and employed. The results prove that the developed condition monitoring system enables an increased utilization of rubber-metal-elements in real applications through predictive maintenance. This thesis provides the basis for future concepts of predictive maintenance for rubber-metal-elements. Moreover, it is recommended to take uncertainties into account at an early stage of the development process of condition monitoring systems."}]},{"title":"Co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for ultrasonic wire bonding process optimization","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077","date_updated":"2023-09-21T14:15:33Z","volume":119,"date_created":"2021-03-10T09:37:02Z","author":[{"last_name":"Schemmel","id":"28647","full_name":"Schemmel, Reinhard","first_name":"Reinhard"},{"first_name":"Viktor","full_name":"Krieger, Viktor","last_name":"Krieger"},{"last_name":"Hemsel","id":"210","full_name":"Hemsel, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Sextro","id":"21220","full_name":"Sextro, Walter","first_name":"Walter"}],"year":"2021","page":"114077","intvolume":"       119","citation":{"ama":"Schemmel R, Krieger V, Hemsel T, Sextro W. Co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for ultrasonic wire bonding process optimization. <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>. 2021;119:114077. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>","chicago":"Schemmel, Reinhard, Viktor Krieger, Tobias Hemsel, and Walter Sextro. “Co-Simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for Ultrasonic Wire Bonding Process Optimization.” <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i> 119 (2021): 114077. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>.","ieee":"R. Schemmel, V. Krieger, T. Hemsel, and W. Sextro, “Co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for ultrasonic wire bonding process optimization,” <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>, vol. 119, p. 114077, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Schemmel_Krieger_Hemsel_Sextro_2021, title={Co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for ultrasonic wire bonding process optimization}, volume={119}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>}, journal={Microelectronics Reliability}, author={Schemmel, Reinhard and Krieger, Viktor and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}, year={2021}, pages={114077} }","short":"R. Schemmel, V. Krieger, T. Hemsel, W. Sextro, Microelectronics Reliability 119 (2021) 114077.","mla":"Schemmel, Reinhard, et al. “Co-Simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for Ultrasonic Wire Bonding Process Optimization.” <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>, vol. 119, 2021, p. 114077, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>.","apa":"Schemmel, R., Krieger, V., Hemsel, T., &#38; Sextro, W. (2021). Co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS for ultrasonic wire bonding process optimization. <i>Microelectronics Reliability</i>, <i>119</i>, 114077. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114077</a>"},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0026-2714"]},"publication_status":"published","keyword":["Ultrasonic heavy wire bonding","Co-simulation","ANSYS","MATLAB","Process optimization","Friction coefficient","Copper-copper","Aluminium-copper"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"21436","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"user_id":"210","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ultrasonic wire bonding is a solid-state joining process, used in the electronics industry to form electrical connections, e.g. to connect electrical terminals within semiconductor modules. Many process parameters affect the bond strength, such like the bond normal force, ultrasonic power, wire material and bonding frequency. Today, process design, development, and optimization is most likely based on the knowledge of process engineers and is mainly performed by experimental testing. In this contribution, a newly developed simulation tool is presented, to reduce time and costs and efficiently determine optimized process parameter. Based on a co-simulation of MATLAB and ANSYS, the different physical phenomena of the wire bonding process are considered using finite element simulation for the complex plastic deformation of the wire and reduced order models for the transient dynamics of the transducer, wire, substrate and bond formation. The model parameters such as the coefficients of friction between bond tool and wire and between wire and substrate were determined for aluminium and copper wire in experiments with a test rig specially developed for the requirements of heavy wire bonding. To reduce simulation time, for the finite element simulation a restart analysis and high performance computing is utilized. Detailed analysis of the bond formation showed, that the normal pressure distribution in the contact between wire and substrate has high impact on bond formation and distribution of welded areas in the contact area."}],"status":"public","publication":"Microelectronics Reliability","type":"journal_article"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"\r\nPredictive Maintenance as a desirable maintenance strategy in industrial applications relies on suitable condition monitoring solutions to reduce costs and risks of the monitored technical systems. In general, those solutions utilize model-based or data-driven methods to diagnose the current state or predict future states of monitored technical systems. However, both methods have their advantages and drawbacks. Combining both methods can improve uncertainty consideration and accuracy. Different combination approaches of those hybrid methods exist to exploit synergy effects. The choice of an appropriate approach depends on different requirements and the goal behind the selection of a hybrid approach.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nIn this work, the hybrid approach for estimating remaining useful lifetime takes potential uncertainties into account. Therefore, a data-driven estimation of new measurements is integrated within a model-based method. To consider uncertainties within the system, a differentiation between different system behavior is realized throughout diverse states of degradation.\r\n\r\nThe developed hybrid prediction approach bases on a particle filtering method combined with a machine learning method, to estimate the remaining useful lifetime of technical systems. Particle filtering as a Monte Carlo simulation technique is suitable to map and propagate uncertainties. Moreover, it is a state-of-the-art model-based method for predicting remaining useful lifetime of technical systems. To integrate uncertainties a multi-model particle filtering approach is employed. In general, resampling as a part of the particle filtering approach has the potential to lead to an accurate prediction. However, in the case where no future measurements are available, it may increase the uncertainty of the prediction. By estimating new measurements, those uncertainties are reduced within the data-driven part of the approach. Hence, both parts of the hybrid approach strive to account for and reduce uncertainties.\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\nRubber-metal-elements are employed as a use-case to evaluate the developed approach. Rubber-metal-elements, which are used to isolate vibrations in various systems, such as railways, trucks and wind turbines, show various uncertainties in their behavior and their degradation. Those uncertainties are caused by diverse inner and outer factors, such as manufacturing influences and operating conditions. By expert knowledge the influences are described, analyzed and if possible reduced. However, the remaining uncertainties are considered within the hybrid prediction method. Relative temperature is the selected measurand to describe the element’s degradation. In lifetime tests, it is measured as the difference between the element’s temperature and the ambient temperature. Thereby, the influence of the ambient temperature on the element’s temperature is taken into account. Those elements show three typical states of degradation that are identified within the temperature measurements. Depending on the particular state of degradation a new measurement is estimated within the hybrid approach to reduce potential uncertainties.\r\n\r\nFinally, the performance of the developed hybrid method is compared to a model-based method for estimating the remaining useful lifetime of the same elements. Suitable performance indices are implemented to underline the differences between the results."}],"publication":"Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Hybrid prediction method","Multi-model particle filtering","Uncertainty quantification","RUL estimation"],"year":"2021","issue":"1","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties","date_created":"2021-07-14T06:29:08Z","status":"public","editor":[{"last_name":"Do","full_name":"Do, Phuc ","first_name":"Phuc "},{"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"King","full_name":"King, Steve"},{"first_name":" Olga","full_name":"Fink,  Olga","last_name":"Fink"}],"type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"user_id":"54290","_id":"22724","intvolume":"         6","citation":{"ama":"Bender A, Sextro W. Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties. In: Do P, King S, Fink  Olga, eds. <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>. Vol 6. ; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>","chicago":"Bender, Amelie, and Walter Sextro. “Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties.” In <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, edited by Phuc  Do, Steve King, and  Olga Fink, Vol. 6, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>.","ieee":"A. Bender and W. Sextro, “Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties,” in <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, 2021, vol. 6, no. 1, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>.","apa":"Bender, A., &#38; Sextro, W. (2021). Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties. In P. Do, S. King, &#38;  Olga Fink (Eds.), <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i> (Vol. 6, Issue 1). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>","mla":"Bender, Amelie, and Walter Sextro. “Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties.” <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, edited by Phuc  Do et al., vol. 6, no. 1, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>.","short":"A. Bender, W. Sextro, in: P. Do, S. King,  Olga Fink (Eds.), Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021, 2021.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Bender_Sextro_2021, title={Hybrid Prediction Method for Remaining Useful Lifetime Estimation Considering Uncertainties}, volume={6}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 \">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 </a>}, number={1}, booktitle={Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021}, author={Bender, Amelie and Sextro, Walter}, editor={Do, Phuc  and King, Steve and Fink,  Olga}, year={2021} }"},"publication_identifier":{"unknown":["978-1-936263-34-9"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.2843 ","conference":{"end_date":"2021-07-02","name":"6th European Conference of Prognostics and Health Management","start_date":"2021-06-28"},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://papers.phmsociety.org/index.php/phme/article/view/2843"}],"volume":6,"author":[{"first_name":"Amelie","id":"54290","full_name":"Bender, Amelie","last_name":"Bender"},{"full_name":"Sextro, Walter","id":"21220","last_name":"Sextro","first_name":"Walter"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2023-09-22T07:19:48Z"},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Wind turbine diagnostics","bearing diagnostics","non-stationary operating conditions","varying operating conditions","feature extraction","feature selection","fault detection","failure detection"],"ddc":["620"],"file":[{"date_updated":"2021-06-23T06:50:07Z","creator":"kennedy","date_created":"2021-06-23T06:43:44Z","title":"On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions","description":"This is a post-print version of the article presented at the Seventeenth International Con-ference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021). The event websiteis available at:  https://www.bindt.org/events/CM-2021/ and the abstract is available at:https://www.bindt.org/events/CM-2021/abstract-9a7/.","file_size":1875572,"access_level":"open_access","file_id":"22508","file_name":"Aimiyekagbon_et_al_2021_On_the_applicability_of_time_series_features_as_health_indicators_postPrint.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Several methods, including order analysis, wavelet analysis and empirical mode decomposition have been proposed and successfully employed for the health state estimation of technical systems operating under varying conditions. However, where information such as the speed of rotating machinery, component specifications or other domain-specific information is unavailable, such methods are often infeasible. Thus, this paper investigates the application of classical time-domain features, features from the medical field and novel features from the highly comparative time-series analysis (HCTSA) package, for the health state estimation of rotating machinery operating under varying conditions. Furthermore, several feature selection methods are investigated to identify features as viable health indicators for the diagnostics and prognostics of technical systems. As a case study, the presented methods are evaluated on real-world and experimentally acquired vibration data of bearings operating under varying speed. The results show that the selected features can successfully be employed as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)","title":"On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions","date_created":"2021-06-23T05:24:39Z","year":"2021","quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2021-06-23T06:50:07Z","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"user_id":"9557","_id":"22507","status":"public","type":"conference","conference":{"end_date":"2021-06-18","name":"Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)","start_date":"2021-06-14"},"author":[{"first_name":"Osarenren Kennedy","id":"9557","full_name":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy","last_name":"Aimiyekagbon"},{"last_name":"Bender","id":"54290","full_name":"Bender, Amelie","first_name":"Amelie"},{"last_name":"Sextro","full_name":"Sextro, Walter","id":"21220","first_name":"Walter"}],"date_updated":"2023-09-22T08:10:34Z","oa":"1","citation":{"ieee":"O. K. Aimiyekagbon, A. Bender, and W. Sextro, “On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions,” presented at the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021).","chicago":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, Amelie Bender, and Walter Sextro. “On the Applicability of Time Series Features as Health Indicators for Technical Systems Operating under Varying Conditions.” In <i>Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)</i>, n.d.","ama":"Aimiyekagbon OK, Bender A, Sextro W. On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions. In: <i>Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)</i>.","apa":"Aimiyekagbon, O. K., Bender, A., &#38; Sextro, W. (n.d.). On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions. <i>Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)</i>. Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021).","short":"O.K. Aimiyekagbon, A. Bender, W. Sextro, in: Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021), n.d.","mla":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, et al. “On the Applicability of Time Series Features as Health Indicators for Technical Systems Operating under Varying Conditions.” <i>Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)</i>.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Aimiyekagbon_Bender_Sextro, title={On the applicability of time series features as health indicators for technical systems operating under varying conditions}, booktitle={Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Asset Management (CM 2021)}, author={Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy and Bender, Amelie and Sextro, Walter} }"},"has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"inpress"},{"editor":[{"last_name":"Do","full_name":"Do, Phuc","first_name":"Phuc"},{"last_name":"King","full_name":"King, Steve","first_name":"Steve"},{"last_name":"Fink","full_name":"Fink, Olga","first_name":"Olga"}],"status":"public","type":"conference","_id":"27111","department":[{"_id":"151"}],"user_id":"9557","intvolume":"         6","page":"527-536","citation":{"mla":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, et al. “Rule-Based Diagnostics of a Production Line.” <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, edited by Phuc Do et al., vol. 6, no. 1, 2021, pp. 527–36, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>.","short":"O.K. Aimiyekagbon, L. Muth, M.C. Wohlleben, A. Bender, W. Sextro, in: P. Do, S. King, O. Fink (Eds.), Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021, 2021, pp. 527–536.","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Aimiyekagbon_Muth_Wohlleben_Bender_Sextro_2021, title={Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line}, volume={6}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>}, number={1}, booktitle={Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021}, author={Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy and Muth, Lars and Wohlleben, Meike Claudia and Bender, Amelie and Sextro, Walter}, editor={Do, Phuc and King, Steve and Fink, Olga}, year={2021}, pages={527–536} }","apa":"Aimiyekagbon, O. K., Muth, L., Wohlleben, M. C., Bender, A., &#38; Sextro, W. (2021). Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line. In P. Do, S. King, &#38; O. Fink (Eds.), <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i> (Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 527–536). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>","ama":"Aimiyekagbon OK, Muth L, Wohlleben MC, Bender A, Sextro W. Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line. In: Do P, King S, Fink O, eds. <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>. Vol 6. ; 2021:527-536. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>","ieee":"O. K. Aimiyekagbon, L. Muth, M. C. Wohlleben, A. Bender, and W. Sextro, “Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line,” in <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, 2021, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 527–536, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>.","chicago":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy, Lars Muth, Meike Claudia Wohlleben, Amelie Bender, and Walter Sextro. “Rule-Based Diagnostics of a Production Line.” In <i>Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021</i>, edited by Phuc Do, Steve King, and Olga Fink, 6:527–36, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042\">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042</a>."},"publication_status":"published","conference":{"name":"PHM Society European Conference"},"doi":"10.36001/phme.2021.v6i1.3042","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"http://papers.phmsociety.org/index.php/phme/article/download/3042/1812"}],"oa":"1","date_updated":"2023-09-22T09:13:01Z","volume":6,"author":[{"first_name":"Osarenren Kennedy","full_name":"Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren Kennedy","id":"9557","last_name":"Aimiyekagbon"},{"last_name":"Muth","orcid":"0000-0002-2938-5616","full_name":"Muth, Lars","id":"77313","first_name":"Lars"},{"first_name":"Meike Claudia","id":"43991","full_name":"Wohlleben, Meike Claudia","last_name":"Wohlleben","orcid":"0009-0009-9767-7168"},{"last_name":"Bender","full_name":"Bender, Amelie","id":"54290","first_name":"Amelie"},{"last_name":"Sextro","id":"21220","full_name":"Sextro, Walter","first_name":"Walter"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the industry 4.0 era, there is a growing need to transform unstructured data acquired by a multitude of sources into information and subsequently into knowledge to improve the quality of manufactured products, to boost production, for predictive maintenance, etc. Data-driven approaches, such as machine learning techniques, are typically employed to model the underlying relationship from data. However, an increase in model accuracy with state-of-the-art methods, such as deep convolutional neural networks, results in less interpretability and transparency. Due to the ease of implementation, interpretation and transparency to both domain experts and non-experts, a rule-based method is proposed in this paper, for prognostics and health management (PHM) and specifically for diagnostics. The proposed method utilizes the most relevant sensor signals acquired via feature extraction and selection techniques and expert knowledge. As a case study, the presented method is evaluated on data from a real-world quality control set-up provided by the European prognostics and health management society (PHME) at the conference’s 2021 data challenge. With the proposed method, our team took the third place, capable of successfully diagnosing different fault modes, irrespective of varying conditions."}],"publication":"Proceedings of the European Conference of the PHM Society 2021","keyword":["PHME 2021","Feature Selection Classification","Feature Selection Clustering","Interpretable Model","Transparent Model","Industry 4.0","Real-World Diagnostics","Quality Control","Predictive Maintenance"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2021","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"1","title":"Rule-based Diagnostics of a Production Line","date_created":"2021-11-03T12:26:39Z"},{"status":"public","type":"conference","publication":"2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"552","department":[{"_id":"153"},{"_id":"241"}],"_id":"33975","citation":{"apa":"Lenz, C., Henke, C., &#38; Trächtler, A. (2021). Anomaly detection in hot forming processes using hybrid modeling. <i>2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Vasteras, Sweden . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>","bibtex":"@inproceedings{Lenz_Henke_Trächtler_2021, title={Anomaly detection in hot forming processes using hybrid modeling}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>}, booktitle={2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)}, publisher={IEEE}, author={Lenz, Cederic and Henke, Christian and Trächtler, Ansgar}, year={2021} }","mla":"Lenz, Cederic, et al. “Anomaly Detection in Hot Forming Processes Using Hybrid Modeling.” <i>2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>, IEEE, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>.","short":"C. Lenz, C. Henke, A. Trächtler, in: 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), IEEE, 2021.","ieee":"C. Lenz, C. Henke, and A. Trächtler, “Anomaly detection in hot forming processes using hybrid modeling,” presented at the 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), Vasteras, Sweden , 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>.","chicago":"Lenz, Cederic, Christian Henke, and Ansgar Trächtler. “Anomaly Detection in Hot Forming Processes Using Hybrid Modeling.” In <i>2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. IEEE, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>.","ama":"Lenz C, Henke C, Trächtler A. Anomaly detection in hot forming processes using hybrid modeling. In: <i>2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)</i>. IEEE; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629\">10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629</a>"},"year":"2021","publication_status":"published","conference":{"location":"Vasteras, Sweden ","end_date":"2021-09-10","start_date":"2021-09-07","name":"2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)"},"doi":"10.1109/etfa45728.2021.9613629","title":"Anomaly detection in hot forming processes using hybrid modeling","author":[{"first_name":"Cederic","full_name":"Lenz, Cederic","last_name":"Lenz"},{"last_name":"Henke","full_name":"Henke, Christian","first_name":"Christian"},{"last_name":"Trächtler","id":"552","full_name":"Trächtler, Ansgar","first_name":"Ansgar"}],"date_created":"2022-11-02T16:26:24Z","date_updated":"2023-09-25T10:00:28Z","publisher":"IEEE"},{"_id":"50457","department":[{"_id":"157"}],"series_title":"DVS Forschungsvereinigung","user_id":"40263","language":[{"iso":"ger"}],"type":"book","status":"public","date_updated":"2025-01-30T08:51:39Z","publisher":"DVS Media","volume":509,"author":[{"first_name":"Karina","full_name":"Tews, Karina","id":"40263","last_name":"Tews"},{"first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Aubel","full_name":"Aubel, Tobias"},{"first_name":"Gerson","last_name":"Meschut","orcid":"0000-0002-2763-1246","id":"32056","full_name":"Meschut, Gerson"},{"id":"41322","full_name":"Duffe, Tobias","last_name":"Duffe","first_name":"Tobias"},{"last_name":"Kullmer","full_name":"Kullmer, Gunter","id":"291","first_name":"Gunter"}],"date_created":"2024-01-11T10:56:23Z","title":"Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze","publication_identifier":{"unknown":["978-3-96870-509-5"]},"year":"2021","page":"188","intvolume":"       509","citation":{"chicago":"Tews, Karina, Tobias Aubel, Gerson Meschut, Tobias Duffe, and Gunter Kullmer. <i>Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze</i>. Vol. 509. DVS Forschungsvereinigung. DVS Media, 2021.","ieee":"K. Tews, T. Aubel, G. Meschut, T. Duffe, and G. Kullmer, <i>Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze</i>, vol. 509. DVS Media, 2021.","ama":"Tews K, Aubel T, Meschut G, Duffe T, Kullmer G. <i>Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze</i>. Vol 509. DVS Media; 2021.","apa":"Tews, K., Aubel, T., Meschut, G., Duffe, T., &#38; Kullmer, G. (2021). <i>Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze</i> (Vol. 509). DVS Media.","short":"K. Tews, T. Aubel, G. Meschut, T. Duffe, G. Kullmer, Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze, DVS Media, 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Tews_Aubel_Meschut_Duffe_Kullmer_2021, series={DVS Forschungsvereinigung}, title={Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze}, volume={509}, publisher={DVS Media}, author={Tews, Karina and Aubel, Tobias and Meschut, Gerson and Duffe, Tobias and Kullmer, Gunter}, year={2021}, collection={DVS Forschungsvereinigung} }","mla":"Tews, Karina, et al. <i>Methodenentwicklung zur numerischen Lebensdauerprognose von hyperelastischen Klebverbindungen infolge zyklischer Beanspruchung mittels bruchmechanischer Ansätze</i>. DVS Media, 2021."}},{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"13858","department":[{"_id":"158"}],"_id":"58117","status":"public","editor":[{"first_name":"Hanno","full_name":"Paschke, Hanno","last_name":"Paschke"},{"last_name":"Lauth","full_name":"Lauth, Martin","id":"13858","first_name":"Martin"},{"id":"43720","full_name":"Schaper, Mirko","last_name":"Schaper","first_name":"Mirko"},{"first_name":"Tristan","last_name":"Brückner","full_name":"Brückner, Tristan"},{"first_name":"Alexander","full_name":"Thewes, Alexander","last_name":"Thewes"}],"type":"conference_editor","conference":{"location":"Virtual Conference","end_date":"2021-11-04","start_date":"2021-11-02","name":"4th International Conference on Light Materials - Science and Technology (LIGHTMAT2021)"},"title":"Surface modifications reducing the adhesion of aluminum in twin roll casting applications","date_created":"2025-01-09T08:38:56Z","date_updated":"2025-04-04T10:38:20Z","citation":{"apa":"Paschke, H., Lauth, M., Schaper, M., Brückner, T., &#38; Thewes, A. (Eds.). (2021). <i>Surface modifications reducing the adhesion of aluminum in twin roll casting applications</i>.","short":"H. Paschke, M. Lauth, M. Schaper, T. Brückner, A. Thewes, eds., Surface Modifications Reducing the Adhesion of Aluminum in Twin Roll Casting Applications, 2021.","bibtex":"@book{Paschke_Lauth_Schaper_Brückner_Thewes_2021, title={Surface modifications reducing the adhesion of aluminum in twin roll casting applications}, year={2021} }","mla":"Paschke, Hanno, et al., editors. <i>Surface Modifications Reducing the Adhesion of Aluminum in Twin Roll Casting Applications</i>. 2021.","ama":"Paschke H, Lauth M, Schaper M, Brückner T, Thewes A, eds. <i>Surface Modifications Reducing the Adhesion of Aluminum in Twin Roll Casting Applications</i>.; 2021.","chicago":"Paschke, Hanno, Martin Lauth, Mirko Schaper, Tristan Brückner, and Alexander Thewes, eds. <i>Surface Modifications Reducing the Adhesion of Aluminum in Twin Roll Casting Applications</i>, 2021.","ieee":"H. Paschke, M. Lauth, M. Schaper, T. Brückner, and A. Thewes, Eds., <i>Surface modifications reducing the adhesion of aluminum in twin roll casting applications</i>. 2021."},"year":"2021","publication_status":"published"},{"doi":"10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89","title":"A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis","date_created":"2024-02-06T15:06:14Z","author":[{"last_name":"Köhler","full_name":"Köhler, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"last_name":"Sadeghian","full_name":"Sadeghian, Behdad","first_name":"Behdad"},{"first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Kupfer, Robert","last_name":"Kupfer"},{"last_name":"Troschitz","full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane","first_name":"Juliane"},{"full_name":"Gude, Maik","last_name":"Gude","first_name":"Maik"},{"last_name":"Brosius","full_name":"Brosius, Alexander","first_name":"Alexander"}],"volume":883,"date_updated":"2025-06-02T20:19:57Z","publisher":"Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.","citation":{"apa":"Köhler, D., Sadeghian, B., Kupfer, R., Troschitz, J., Gude, M., &#38; Brosius, A. (2021). A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis. <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, <i>883</i>, 89–96. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>","bibtex":"@article{Köhler_Sadeghian_Kupfer_Troschitz_Gude_Brosius_2021, title={A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis}, volume={883}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>}, journal={Key Engineering Materials}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.}, author={Köhler, Daniel and Sadeghian, Behdad and Kupfer, Robert and Troschitz, Juliane and Gude, Maik and Brosius, Alexander}, year={2021}, pages={89–96} }","mla":"Köhler, Daniel, et al. “A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis.” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, vol. 883, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., 2021, pp. 89–96, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>.","short":"D. Köhler, B. Sadeghian, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, M. Gude, A. Brosius, Key Engineering Materials 883 (2021) 89–96.","ieee":"D. Köhler, B. Sadeghian, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, M. Gude, and A. Brosius, “A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis,” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>, vol. 883, pp. 89–96, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>.","chicago":"Köhler, Daniel, Behdad Sadeghian, Robert Kupfer, Juliane Troschitz, Maik Gude, and Alexander Brosius. “A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis.” <i>Key Engineering Materials</i> 883 (2021): 89–96. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>.","ama":"Köhler D, Sadeghian B, Kupfer R, Troschitz J, Gude M, Brosius A. A Method for Characterization of Geometric Deviations in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis. <i>Key Engineering Materials</i>. 2021;883:89-96. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89\">10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.883.89</a>"},"page":"89-96","intvolume":"       883","year":"2021","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1662-9795"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"keyword":["Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials","General Materials Science"],"user_id":"83408","department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"43"}],"project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04","_id":"148"}],"_id":"51202","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:p>When joining lightweight parts of various materials, clinching is a cost efficient solution. In a production line, the quality of a clinch point is primarily controlled by measurement of dimensions, which are accessible from outside. However, methods such as visual testing and measuring the bottom thickness as well as the outer diameter are not able to deliver any information about the most significant geometrical characteristic of the clinch point, neck thickness and undercut. Furthermore, ex-situ destructive methods such as microsectioning cannot detect elastic deformations and cracks that close after unloading. In order to exceed the current limits, a new non-destructive in-situ testing method for the clinching process is necessary. This work proposes a concept to characterize clinch points in-situ by combining two complementary non-destructive methods, namely, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonic testing. Firstly, clinch points with different geometrical characteristics are analysed experimentally using ex-situ CT to get a highly spatially resolved 3D-image of the object. In this context, highly X-ray attenuating materials enhancing the visibility of the sheet-sheet interface are investigated. Secondly, the test specimens are modelled using finite element method (FEM) and a transient dynamic analysis (TDA) is conducted to study the effect of the geometrical differences on the deformation energy and to qualify the TDA as a fast in-situ non-destructive method for characterizing clinch points at high temporal resolution.</jats:p>"}],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Key Engineering Materials"},{"page":"203-212","intvolume":"        16","citation":{"ieee":"B. Gröger <i>et al.</i>, “Computed tomography investigation of the material structure in clinch joints in aluminium fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheets,” <i>Production Engineering</i>, vol. 16, no. 2–3, pp. 203–212, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>.","chicago":"Gröger, Benjamin, Daniel Köhler, Julian Vorderbrüggen, Juliane Troschitz, Robert Kupfer, Gerson Meschut, and Maik Gude. “Computed Tomography Investigation of the Material Structure in Clinch Joints in Aluminium Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheets.” <i>Production Engineering</i> 16, no. 2–3 (2021): 203–12. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>.","ama":"Gröger B, Köhler D, Vorderbrüggen J, et al. Computed tomography investigation of the material structure in clinch joints in aluminium fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheets. <i>Production Engineering</i>. 2021;16(2-3):203-212. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>","mla":"Gröger, Benjamin, et al. “Computed Tomography Investigation of the Material Structure in Clinch Joints in Aluminium Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sheets.” <i>Production Engineering</i>, vol. 16, no. 2–3, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021, pp. 203–12, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Gröger_Köhler_Vorderbrüggen_Troschitz_Kupfer_Meschut_Gude_2021, title={Computed tomography investigation of the material structure in clinch joints in aluminium fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheets}, volume={16}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>}, number={2–3}, journal={Production Engineering}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Gröger, Benjamin and Köhler, Daniel and Vorderbrüggen, Julian and Troschitz, Juliane and Kupfer, Robert and Meschut, Gerson and Gude, Maik}, year={2021}, pages={203–212} }","short":"B. Gröger, D. Köhler, J. Vorderbrüggen, J. Troschitz, R. Kupfer, G. Meschut, M. Gude, Production Engineering 16 (2021) 203–212.","apa":"Gröger, B., Köhler, D., Vorderbrüggen, J., Troschitz, J., Kupfer, R., Meschut, G., &#38; Gude, M. (2021). Computed tomography investigation of the material structure in clinch joints in aluminium fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheets. <i>Production Engineering</i>, <i>16</i>(2–3), 203–212. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0944-6524","1863-7353"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1007/s11740-021-01091-x","date_updated":"2025-06-02T20:20:49Z","volume":16,"author":[{"full_name":"Gröger, Benjamin","last_name":"Gröger","first_name":"Benjamin"},{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Köhler","full_name":"Köhler, Daniel"},{"first_name":"Julian","full_name":"Vorderbrüggen, Julian","last_name":"Vorderbrüggen"},{"first_name":"Juliane","full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane","last_name":"Troschitz"},{"first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Kupfer, Robert","last_name":"Kupfer"},{"full_name":"Meschut, Gerson","last_name":"Meschut","first_name":"Gerson"},{"first_name":"Maik","last_name":"Gude","full_name":"Gude, Maik"}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","_id":"51199","project":[{"_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"148","name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04"},{"_id":"131","name":"TRR 285 - A: TRR 285 - Project Area A"},{"name":"TRR 285 – A03: TRR 285 - Subproject A03","_id":"137"}],"department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"43"}],"user_id":"83408","year":"2021","issue":"2-3","title":"Computed tomography investigation of the material structure in clinch joints in aluminium fibre-reinforced thermoplastic sheets","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","date_created":"2024-02-06T15:05:29Z","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Recent developments in automotive and aircraft industry towards a multi-material design pose challenges for modern joining technologies due to different mechanical properties and material compositions of various materials such as composites and metals. Therefore, mechanical joining technologies like clinching are in the focus of current research activities. For multi-material joints of metals and thermoplastic composites thermally assisted clinching processes with advanced tool concepts are well developed. The material-specific properties of fibre-reinforced thermoplastics have a significant influence on the joining process and the resulting material structure in the joining zone. For this reason, it is important to investigate these influences in detail and to understand the phenomena occurring during the joining process. Additionally, this provides the basis for a validation of a numerical simulation of such joining processes. In this paper, the material structure in a joint resulting from a thermally assisted clinching process is investigated. The joining partners are an aluminium sheet and a thermoplastic composite (organo sheet). Using computed tomography enables a three-dimensional investigation that allows a detailed analysis of the phenomena in different joining stages and in the material structure of the finished joint. Consequently, this study provides a more detailed understanding of the material behavior of thermoplastic composites during thermally assisted clinching.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Production Engineering","keyword":["Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","Mechanical Engineering"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"keyword":["General Materials Science"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Materials","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>As lightweight design gains more and more attention, time and cost-efficient joining methods such as clinching are becoming more popular. A clinch point’s quality is usually determined by ex situ destructive analyses such as microsectioning. However, these methods do not yield the detection of phenomena occurring during loading such as elastic deformations and cracks that close after unloading. Alternatively, in situ computed tomography (in situ CT) can be used to investigate the loading process of clinch points. In this paper, a method for in situ CT analysis of a single-lap shear test with clinched metal sheets is presented at the example of a clinched joint with two 2 mm thick aluminum sheets. Furthermore, the potential of this method to validate numerical simulations is shown. Since the sheets’ surfaces are locally in contact with each other, the interface between both aluminum sheets and therefore the exact contour of the joining partners is difficult to identify in CT analyses. To compensate for this, the application of copper varnish between the sheets is investigated. The best in situ CT results are achieved with both sheets treated. It showed that with this treatment, in situ CT is suitable to properly observe the three-dimensional deformation behavior and to identify the failure modes.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"MDPI AG","date_created":"2024-02-06T15:05:43Z","title":"In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points","issue":"8","year":"2021","_id":"51200","project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"133","name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C"},{"_id":"148","name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04"}],"department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"43"}],"user_id":"83408","article_number":"1859","type":"journal_article","status":"public","date_updated":"2025-06-02T20:20:32Z","volume":14,"author":[{"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Köhler","full_name":"Köhler, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Kupfer","full_name":"Kupfer, Robert","first_name":"Robert"},{"first_name":"Juliane","last_name":"Troschitz","full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane"},{"first_name":"Maik","last_name":"Gude","full_name":"Gude, Maik"}],"doi":"10.3390/ma14081859","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1996-1944"]},"publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        14","citation":{"mla":"Köhler, Daniel, et al. “In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points.” <i>Materials</i>, vol. 14, no. 8, 1859, MDPI AG, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">10.3390/ma14081859</a>.","short":"D. Köhler, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, M. Gude, Materials 14 (2021).","bibtex":"@article{Köhler_Kupfer_Troschitz_Gude_2021, title={In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">10.3390/ma14081859</a>}, number={81859}, journal={Materials}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Köhler, Daniel and Kupfer, Robert and Troschitz, Juliane and Gude, Maik}, year={2021} }","apa":"Köhler, D., Kupfer, R., Troschitz, J., &#38; Gude, M. (2021). In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points. <i>Materials</i>, <i>14</i>(8), Article 1859. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859</a>","ama":"Köhler D, Kupfer R, Troschitz J, Gude M. In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points. <i>Materials</i>. 2021;14(8). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">10.3390/ma14081859</a>","ieee":"D. Köhler, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, and M. Gude, “In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points,” <i>Materials</i>, vol. 14, no. 8, Art. no. 1859, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">10.3390/ma14081859</a>.","chicago":"Köhler, Daniel, Robert Kupfer, Juliane Troschitz, and Maik Gude. “In Situ Computed Tomography—Analysis of a Single-Lap Shear Test with Clinch Points.” <i>Materials</i> 14, no. 8 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859\">https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081859</a>."}},{"citation":{"ama":"Köhler D, Kupfer R, Troschitz J, Gude M. Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials. <i>ESAFORM 2021</i>. Published online 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>","ieee":"D. Köhler, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, and M. Gude, “Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials,” <i>ESAFORM 2021</i>, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>.","chicago":"Köhler, Daniel, Robert Kupfer, Juliane Troschitz, and Maik Gude. “Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials.” <i>ESAFORM 2021</i>, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>.","mla":"Köhler, Daniel, et al. “Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials.” <i>ESAFORM 2021</i>, University of Liege, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Köhler_Kupfer_Troschitz_Gude_2021, title={Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>}, journal={ESAFORM 2021}, publisher={University of Liege}, author={Köhler, Daniel and Kupfer, Robert and Troschitz, Juliane and Gude, Maik}, year={2021} }","short":"D. Köhler, R. Kupfer, J. Troschitz, M. Gude, ESAFORM 2021 (2021).","apa":"Köhler, D., Kupfer, R., Troschitz, J., &#38; Gude, M. (2021). Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials. <i>ESAFORM 2021</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781\">https://doi.org/10.25518/esaform21.2781</a>"},"year":"2021","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.25518/esaform21.2781","title":"Clinching in In-situ CT – Experimental Study on Suitable Tool Materials","date_created":"2024-02-06T15:05:58Z","author":[{"last_name":"Köhler","full_name":"Köhler, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Kupfer","full_name":"Kupfer, Robert"},{"first_name":"Juliane","full_name":"Troschitz, Juliane","last_name":"Troschitz"},{"first_name":"Maik","last_name":"Gude","full_name":"Gude, Maik"}],"publisher":"University of Liege","date_updated":"2025-06-02T20:20:21Z","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>In lightweight design, clinching is a cost-efficient solution as the joint is created through localized cold-forming of the joining parts. A clinch point’s quality is usually assessed using ex-situ destructive testing methods. These, however, are unable to detect phenomena immediately during the joining process. For instance, elastic deformations reverse and cracks close after unloading. In-situ methods such as the force-displacement evaluation are used to control a clinching process, though deviations in the clinch point geometry cannot be derived with this method. To overcome these limitations, the clinching process can be investigated using in-situ computed tomography (in-situ CT). However, a clinching tool made of steel would cause strong artefacts and a high attenuation in the CT measurement, reducing the significance of this method. Additionally, when joining parts of the same material, the sheet-sheet interface is hardly detectable. This work aims at identifying, firstly, tool materials that allow artefact-reduced CT measurements during clinching, and, secondly, radiopaque materials that can be applied between the joining parts to enhance the detectability of the sheet-sheet interface. Therefore, both CT-suitable tool materials and radiopaque materials are selected and experimentally investigated. In the clinching process, two aluminium sheets with radiopaque material in between are clinched in a single-step (rotationally symmetric joint without cut section). It is shown that e.g. silicon nitride is suited as tool material and a tin layer is suitable to enhance the detectability of the sheet-sheet interface.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"ESAFORM 2021","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"fre"}],"department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"43"}],"user_id":"83408","_id":"51201","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04","_id":"148"}]},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","article_number":"100089","_id":"51198","project":[{"grant_number":"418701707","_id":"130","name":"TRR 285: TRR 285"},{"name":"TRR 285 - C: TRR 285 - Project Area C","_id":"133"},{"name":"TRR 285 – C04: TRR 285 - Subproject C04","_id":"148"}],"department":[{"_id":"157"},{"_id":"43"}],"user_id":"83408","intvolume":"         5","citation":{"apa":"Köhler, D., Sadeghian, B., Troschitz, J., Kupfer, R., Gude, M., &#38; Brosius, A. (2021). Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, <i>5</i>, Article 100089. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>","bibtex":"@article{Köhler_Sadeghian_Troschitz_Kupfer_Gude_Brosius_2021, title={Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis}, volume={5}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>}, number={100089}, journal={Journal of Advanced Joining Processes}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Köhler, D. and Sadeghian, B. and Troschitz, J. and Kupfer, R. and Gude, M. and Brosius, A.}, year={2021} }","mla":"Köhler, D., et al. “Characterisation of Lateral Offsets in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, 100089, Elsevier BV, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>.","short":"D. Köhler, B. Sadeghian, J. Troschitz, R. Kupfer, M. Gude, A. Brosius, Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 5 (2021).","ama":"Köhler D, Sadeghian B, Troschitz J, Kupfer R, Gude M, Brosius A. Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis. <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>. 2021;5. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>","chicago":"Köhler, D., B. Sadeghian, J. Troschitz, R. Kupfer, M. Gude, and A. Brosius. “Characterisation of Lateral Offsets in Clinch Points with Computed Tomography and Transient Dynamic Analysis.” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i> 5 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>.","ieee":"D. Köhler, B. Sadeghian, J. Troschitz, R. Kupfer, M. Gude, and A. Brosius, “Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis,” <i>Journal of Advanced Joining Processes</i>, vol. 5, Art. no. 100089, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089\">10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089</a>."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2666-3309"]},"publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1016/j.jajp.2021.100089","date_updated":"2025-06-02T20:21:00Z","volume":5,"author":[{"full_name":"Köhler, D.","last_name":"Köhler","first_name":"D."},{"first_name":"B.","full_name":"Sadeghian, B.","last_name":"Sadeghian"},{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Troschitz","full_name":"Troschitz, J."},{"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Kupfer","full_name":"Kupfer, R."},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"Gude, M.","last_name":"Gude"},{"last_name":"Brosius","full_name":"Brosius, A.","first_name":"A."}],"publication":"Journal of Advanced Joining Processes","keyword":["Mechanical Engineering","Mechanics of Materials","Engineering (miscellaneous)","Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2021","title":"Characterisation of lateral offsets in clinch points with computed tomography and transient dynamic analysis","publisher":"Elsevier BV","date_created":"2024-02-06T15:05:00Z"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"As an effective and accurate method for modelling composite materials, mean-field homogenization is still not well studied in modelling non-linear and damage behaviours of UD composites. Investigated micro FE-simulations show that the matrix of UD composites exhibits different average plastic behaviour, named as average asymmetric matrix plasticity (AAMP), when the composite behaves different under shear, longitudinal and transverse loadings. In this study, a non-linear mean-field debonding model (NMFDM) combining a mean-field model and a fibre–matrix interface debonding model, is developed to simulate UD composites under consideration of AAMP, fibre–matrix interface damage and progressive failure. AAMP is considered by using so-called stress mode factor, which is expressed in terms of basic invariants of the matrix deviatoric stress tensor and is used as an indicator for detection of differences in the loading mode. The material behaviour of UD composites with imperfect interface is assumed identical as for perfect interface and stiffness reduced fibres. Progressive failure criteria are established with consideration of fibre breakage and matrix crack for different fibre orientations. As a representative example for the NMFDM, a C30/E201 UD composite is studied. To verify the model, experiments are conducted on polymers, carbon fibres and UD CFRPs. Finally, the model is applied to simulate a perforated CFRP laminate, which shows excellent prediction ability on deformation, debonding and progressive failure."}],"status":"public","type":"journal_article","publication":"Composites Part B: Engineering","article_number":"109209","keyword":["Non-linear mean-field homogenization Average asymmetric plasticity of matrix Fibre–matrix interface debonding Micro-mechanical FE-simulation Progressive failure"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"23431","user_id":"15952","department":[{"_id":"9"},{"_id":"154"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"149"}],"year":"2021","citation":{"chicago":"Cheng, C., Z. Wang, Z. Jin, X. Ju, Swetlana Schweizer, Thomas Tröster, and Rolf Mahnken. “Non-Linear Mean-Field Modelling of UD Composite Laminates Accounting for Average Asymmetric Plasticity of the Matrix, Debonding and Progressive Failure.” <i>Composites Part B: Engineering</i> 224 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>.","ieee":"C. Cheng <i>et al.</i>, “Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure,” <i>Composites Part B: Engineering</i>, vol. 224, Art. no. 109209, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>.","ama":"Cheng C, Wang Z, Jin Z, et al. Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure. <i>Composites Part B: Engineering</i>. 2021;224. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>","apa":"Cheng, C., Wang, Z., Jin, Z., Ju, X., Schweizer, S., Tröster, T., &#38; Mahnken, R. (2021). Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure. <i>Composites Part B: Engineering</i>, <i>224</i>, Article 109209. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>","bibtex":"@article{Cheng_Wang_Jin_Ju_Schweizer_Tröster_Mahnken_2021, title={Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure}, volume={224}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>}, number={109209}, journal={Composites Part B: Engineering}, author={Cheng, C. and Wang, Z. and Jin, Z. and Ju, X. and Schweizer, Swetlana and Tröster, Thomas and Mahnken, Rolf}, year={2021} }","mla":"Cheng, C., et al. “Non-Linear Mean-Field Modelling of UD Composite Laminates Accounting for Average Asymmetric Plasticity of the Matrix, Debonding and Progressive Failure.” <i>Composites Part B: Engineering</i>, vol. 224, 109209, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209\">10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209</a>.","short":"C. Cheng, Z. Wang, Z. Jin, X. Ju, S. Schweizer, T. Tröster, R. Mahnken, Composites Part B: Engineering 224 (2021)."},"intvolume":"       224","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1359-8368"]},"quality_controlled":"1","title":"Non-linear mean-field modelling of UD composite laminates accounting for average asymmetric plasticity of the matrix, debonding and progressive failure","doi":"10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109209","date_updated":"2025-06-06T08:08:32Z","author":[{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Cheng","full_name":"Cheng, C."},{"last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Z.","first_name":"Z."},{"first_name":"Z.","full_name":"Jin, Z.","last_name":"Jin"},{"first_name":"X.","last_name":"Ju","full_name":"Ju, X."},{"first_name":"Swetlana","last_name":"Schweizer","full_name":"Schweizer, Swetlana","id":"8938"},{"id":"553","full_name":"Tröster, Thomas","last_name":"Tröster","first_name":"Thomas"},{"id":"335","full_name":"Mahnken, Rolf","last_name":"Mahnken","first_name":"Rolf"}],"date_created":"2021-08-18T06:20:21Z","volume":224},{"status":"public","type":"journal_article","article_number":"100065","user_id":"15952","department":[{"_id":"151"},{"_id":"630"},{"_id":"149"},{"_id":"321"},{"_id":"9"}],"project":[{"name":"TRR 285: TRR 285","_id":"130","grant_number":"418701707"},{"_id":"132","name":"TRR 285 - B: TRR 285 - Project Area B"},{"name":"TRR 285 – B01: TRR 285 - Subproject B01","_id":"140"}],"_id":"29293","citation":{"ieee":"S. Martin, J. Schütte, C. Bäumler, W. Sextro, and T. Tröster, “Identification of joints for a load-adapted shape in a body in white using steady state vehicle simulations,” <i>Forces in Mechanics</i>, vol. 6, Art. no. 100065, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>.","chicago":"Martin, Sven, Jan Schütte, C. Bäumler, Walter Sextro, and Thomas Tröster. “Identification of Joints for a Load-Adapted Shape in a Body in White Using Steady State Vehicle Simulations.” <i>Forces in Mechanics</i> 6 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>.","ama":"Martin S, Schütte J, Bäumler C, Sextro W, Tröster T. Identification of joints for a load-adapted shape in a body in white using steady state vehicle simulations. <i>Forces in Mechanics</i>. 2021;6. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>","apa":"Martin, S., Schütte, J., Bäumler, C., Sextro, W., &#38; Tröster, T. (2021). Identification of joints for a load-adapted shape in a body in white using steady state vehicle simulations. <i>Forces in Mechanics</i>, <i>6</i>, Article 100065. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>","bibtex":"@article{Martin_Schütte_Bäumler_Sextro_Tröster_2021, title={Identification of joints for a load-adapted shape in a body in white using steady state vehicle simulations}, volume={6}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>}, number={100065}, journal={Forces in Mechanics}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Martin, Sven and Schütte, Jan and Bäumler, C. and Sextro, Walter and Tröster, Thomas}, year={2021} }","mla":"Martin, Sven, et al. “Identification of Joints for a Load-Adapted Shape in a Body in White Using Steady State Vehicle Simulations.” <i>Forces in Mechanics</i>, vol. 6, 100065, Elsevier BV, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065\">10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065</a>.","short":"S. Martin, J. Schütte, C. Bäumler, W. Sextro, T. Tröster, Forces in Mechanics 6 (2021)."},"intvolume":"         6","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2666-3597"]},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666359721000561","open_access":"1"}],"doi":"10.1016/j.finmec.2021.100065","author":[{"last_name":"Martin","full_name":"Martin, Sven","id":"38177","first_name":"Sven"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-9025-9742","last_name":"Schütte","id":"22109","full_name":"Schütte, Jan","first_name":"Jan"},{"full_name":"Bäumler, C.","last_name":"Bäumler","first_name":"C."},{"first_name":"Walter","last_name":"Sextro","id":"21220","full_name":"Sextro, Walter"},{"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Tröster","full_name":"Tröster, Thomas","id":"553"}],"volume":6,"date_updated":"2025-06-06T08:05:56Z","oa":"1","publication":"Forces in Mechanics","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2021","quality_controlled":"1","title":"Identification of joints for a load-adapted shape in a body in white using steady state vehicle simulations","date_created":"2022-01-12T10:30:02Z","publisher":"Elsevier BV"},{"year":"2021","citation":{"ama":"Camberg AA, Andreiev A, Pramanik S, Hoyer K-P, Tröster T, Schaper M. Strength enhancement of AlMg sheet metal parts by rapid heating and subsequent cold die stamping of severely cold-rolled blanks. <i>Materials Science and Engineering: A</i>. 2021;831. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312\">10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312</a>","ieee":"A. A. Camberg, A. Andreiev, S. Pramanik, K.-P. Hoyer, T. Tröster, and M. Schaper, “Strength enhancement of AlMg sheet metal parts by rapid heating and subsequent cold die stamping of severely cold-rolled blanks,” <i>Materials Science and Engineering: A</i>, vol. 831, Art. no. 142312, 2021, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312\">10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312</a>.","chicago":"Camberg, Alan Adam, Anatolii Andreiev, Sudipta Pramanik, Kay-Peter Hoyer, Thomas Tröster, and Mirko Schaper. “Strength Enhancement of AlMg Sheet Metal Parts by Rapid Heating and Subsequent Cold Die Stamping of Severely Cold-Rolled Blanks.” <i>Materials Science and Engineering: A</i> 831 (2021). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312</a>.","short":"A.A. Camberg, A. Andreiev, S. Pramanik, K.-P. Hoyer, T. Tröster, M. Schaper, Materials Science and Engineering: A 831 (2021).","mla":"Camberg, Alan Adam, et al. “Strength Enhancement of AlMg Sheet Metal Parts by Rapid Heating and Subsequent Cold Die Stamping of Severely Cold-Rolled Blanks.” <i>Materials Science and Engineering: A</i>, vol. 831, 142312, Elsevier BV, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312\">10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Camberg_Andreiev_Pramanik_Hoyer_Tröster_Schaper_2021, title={Strength enhancement of AlMg sheet metal parts by rapid heating and subsequent cold die stamping of severely cold-rolled blanks}, volume={831}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312\">10.1016/j.msea.2021.142312</a>}, number={142312}, journal={Materials Science and Engineering: A}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Camberg, Alan Adam and Andreiev, Anatolii and Pramanik, Sudipta and Hoyer, Kay-Peter and Tröster, Thomas and Schaper, Mirko}, year={2021} }","apa":"Camberg, A. A., Andreiev, A., Pramanik, S., Hoyer, K.-P., Tröster, T., &#38; Schaper, M. (2021). 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