@article{53786, abstract = {{Abstract Objective: The aim of this analysis was to investigate whether habitual intake of total dairy (TD) or different dairy types (liquid, solid, fermented, non-fermented, low-fat, high-fat, low-sugar and high-sugar dairy) during adolescence is associated with biomarkers of low-grade inflammation as well as risk factors of type 2 diabetes in young adulthood. Design: Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to investigate prospective associations between estimated TD intake as well as intake of different types of dairy and a pro-inflammatory score, based on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-18, leptin and adiponectin, and insulin resistance assessed as Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance in an open-cohort study. Setting: Dortmund, Germany. Participants: Data from participants (n 375) of the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study were included, for whom at least two 3-d weighed dietary records during adolescence (median age: 11 years) and one blood sample in young adulthood (>18 years) were available. Results: There was no statistically significant association between TD intake or intake of any dairy type and the pro-inflammatory score (all P > 0·05). TD intake as well as each dairy type intake and insulin resistance also showed no association (all P > 0·05). Conclusions: The habitual intake of dairy or individual types of dairy during adolescence does not seem to have a major impact on low-grade systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in the long term. There was no indication regarding a restriction of dairy intake for healthy children and adolescents in terms of diabetes risk reduction. }}, author = {{Hohoff, Eva and Jankovic, Nicole and Perrar, Ines and Schnermann, Maike and Herder, Christian and Nöthlings, Ute and Libuda, Lars and Alexy, Ute}}, issn = {{1368-9800}}, journal = {{Public Health Nutrition}}, number = {{1}}, publisher = {{Cambridge University Press (CUP)}}, title = {{{The association between dairy intake in adolescents on inflammation and risk markers of type 2 diabetes during young adulthood: results of the DONALD study}}}, doi = {{10.1017/s1368980024000624}}, volume = {{27}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{53787, abstract = {{Abstract Purpose Glycemic response to the same meal depends on daytime and alignment of consumption with the inner clock, which has not been examined by individual chronotype yet. This study examined whether the 2-h postprandial and 24-h glycemic response to a meal with high glycemic index (GI) differ when consumed early or late in the day among students with early or late chronotype. Methods From a screening of 327 students aged 18–25 years, those with early (n = 22) or late (n = 23) chronotype participated in a 7-day randomized controlled cross-over intervention study. After a 3-day observational phase, standardized meals were provided on run-in/washout (days 4 and 6) and intervention (days 5 and 7), on which participants received a high GI meal (GI = 72) in the morning (7 a.m.) or in the evening (8 p.m.). All other meals had a medium GI. Continuous glucose monitoring was used to measure 2-h postprandial and 24-h glycemic responses and their variability. Results Among students with early chronotype 2-h postprandial glucose responses to the high GI meal were higher in the evening than in the morning (iAUC: 234 (± 92) vs. 195 (± 91) (mmol/L) × min, p = 0.042). Likewise, mean and lowest 2-h postprandial glucose values were higher when the high GI meal was consumed in the evening (p < 0.001; p = 0.017). 24-h glycemic responses were similar irrespective of meal time. Participants with late chronotype consuming a high GI meal in the morning or evening showed similar 2-h postprandial (iAUC: 211 (± 110) vs. 207 (± 95) (mmol/L) × min, p = 0.9) and 24-h glycemic responses at both daytimes. Conclusions Diurnal differences in response to a high GI meal are confined to those young adults with early chronotype, whilst those with a late chronotype seem vulnerable to both very early and late high GI meals. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04298645; 22/01/2020). }}, author = {{Stutz, Bianca and Krueger, Bettina and Goletzke, Janina and Jankovic, Nicole and Alexy, Ute and Herder, Christian and Dierkes, Jutta and Berg-Beckhoff, Gabriele and Jakobsmeyer, Rasmus and Reinsberger, Claus and Buyken, Anette E.}}, issn = {{1436-6207}}, journal = {{European Journal of Nutrition}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{Glycemic response to meals with a high glycemic index differs between morning and evening: a randomized cross-over controlled trial among students with early or late chronotype}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s00394-024-03372-4}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{53534, abstract = {{It is known that the notion of a transitive subgroup of a permutation group $G$ extends naturally to subsets of $G$. We consider subsets of the general linear group $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$ acting transitively on flag-like structures, which are common generalisations of $t$-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ and bases of $t$-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$. We give structural characterisations of transitive subsets of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$ using the character theory of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$ and interpret such subsets as designs in the conjugacy class association scheme of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$. In particular we generalise a theorem of Perin on subgroups of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$ acting transitively on $t$-dimensional subspaces. We survey transitive subgroups of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$, showing that there is no subgroup of $\operatorname{GL}(n,q)$ with $1Die überdauernd hohen Prävalenzraten von Verhaltensstörungen und -problemen im Kindes- und Jugendalter verweisen auf einen verstärkten pädagogischen Handlungsbedarf und unterstreichen die Bedeutsamkeit präventiver Maßnahmen in der Schule. Wenngleich metaanalytische Befunde die grundsätzliche Wirksamkeit evidenzbasierter Präventionsprogramme bestätigen, so scheint der strukturelle Transfer in die pädagogische Praxis oftmals erschwert. Mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die ersten konzeptionellen Ansätze eines schulweiten und curricular verankerten Präventionskonzepts zur Förderung emotionaler und sozialer Kompetenzen unter Berücksichtigung zweier methodischer Zugänge nachgezeichnet.}}, author = {{Zdoupas, Philippos}}, booktitle = {{ESE 6 (2024): In den Fokus ver-rückt – hidden topics im Förderschwerpunkt Emotionale und Soziale Entwicklung}}, isbn = {{9783781526488}}, publisher = {{Verlag Julius Klinkhardt}}, title = {{{Brauchen wir ein ESE-Curriculum in der inklusiven Schule? – Ein Exkurs in die Konzeption eines Mehrebenenansatzes zur Prävention von Verhaltensproblemen in der Sekundarstufe I}}}, doi = {{10.35468/6103-14}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{55379, abstract = {{AbstractThe amoebot model (Derakhshandeh et al. in: SPAA ACM, pp 220–222. https://doi.org/10.1145/2612669.2612712, 2014) has been proposed as a model for programmable matter consisting of tiny, robotic elements called amoebots. We consider the reconfigurable circuit extension (Feldmann et al. in J Comput Biol 29(4):317–343. https://doi.org/10.1089/cmb.2021.0363, 2022) of the geometric amoebot model that allows the amoebot structure to interconnect amoebots by so-called circuits. A circuit permits the instantaneous transmission of signals between the connected amoebots. In this paper, we examine the structural power of the reconfigurable circuits. We start with fundamental problems like the stripe computation problem where, given any connected amoebot structure S, an amoebot u in S, and some axis X, all amoebots belonging to axis X through u have to be identified. Second, we consider the global maximum problem, which identifies an amoebot at the highest possible position with respect to some direction in some given amoebot (sub)structure. A solution to this problem can be used to solve the skeleton problem, where a cycle of amoebots has to be found in the given amoebot structure which contains all boundary amoebots. A canonical solution to that problem can be used to come up with a canonical path, which provides a unique characterization of the shape of the given amoebot structure. Constructing canonical paths for different directions allows the amoebots to set up a spanning tree and to check symmetry properties of the given amoebot structure. The problems are important for a number of applications like rapid shape transformation, energy dissemination, and structural monitoring. Interestingly, the reconfigurable circuit extension allows polylogarithmic-time solutions to all of these problems.}}, author = {{Padalkin, Andreas and Scheideler, Christian and Warner, Daniel}}, issn = {{1567-7818}}, journal = {{Natural Computing}}, publisher = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}}, title = {{{The structural power of reconfigurable circuits in the amoebot model}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s11047-024-09981-6}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{55371, abstract = {{AbstractThe activation of C(sp3)−F bonds by the commercially available catalyst B(C6F5)3 is reported and applied in reactions with arenes, allylic, vinylic and acetylenic silanes, and olefins to achieve a variety of C−C bond formations (45 examples).}}, author = {{Hoppe, Axel and Stepen, Arne J. and Köring, Laura and Paradies, Jan}}, issn = {{1615-4150}}, journal = {{Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis}}, number = {{13}}, pages = {{2933--2938}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane‐Catalyzed Functionalization of Benzylic C−F Bonds}}}, doi = {{10.1002/adsc.202400511}}, volume = {{366}}, year = {{2024}}, } @article{55393, abstract = {{Abstract The purpose of this study is to describe the knowledge that is required in exams on Analysis 1 courses at German universities. To do so, we use the distinction between procedural and conceptual knowledge that is frequently used in the literature on mathematics education. For a more detailed analysis, we developed further categories for our coding scheme that better reflect the interaction of procedural and conceptual knowledge required to complete tasks. Using this coding scheme, we coded 49 exams from 12 out of 16 federal states in Germany, consisting of a total of 741 tasks. The analysis revealed that 69% of the tasks could be solved by recalling information or using procedural knowledge with only minor conceptual knowledge required, whilst 31% required substantial conceptual knowledge. Based on this analysis, we assume that most exams can be passed by focusing the knowledge of facts and procedures. These results indicate a discrepancy between the teaching focus on conceptual knowledge and the knowledge assessed, which is discussed.}}, author = {{Kolbe, Tim and Liebendörfer, Michael}}, issn = {{0268-3679}}, journal = {{Teaching Mathematics and its Applications: An International Journal of the IMA}}, publisher = {{Oxford University Press (OUP)}}, title = {{{Which knowledge is required in exams on analysis 1 courses at German universities?}}}, doi = {{10.1093/teamat/hrae012}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inbook{55391, author = {{Mildorf, Jarmila}}, booktitle = {{Music and its Narrative Potential}}, editor = {{Van Nerom, Carolien and Peeters, Ann and Bouckaert, Bart}}, isbn = {{978-3-7705-6772-0}}, pages = {{ 201--218}}, publisher = {{Brill Fink}}, title = {{{Music and Narrative in Art Exhibition Audio Guides: "Beckmann & Amerika"}}}, year = {{2024}}, } @inproceedings{55338, abstract = {{Metaphorical language is a pivotal element inthe realm of political framing. Existing workfrom linguistics and the social sciences providescompelling evidence regarding the distinctivenessof conceptual framing for politicalideology perspectives. However, the nature andutilization of metaphors and the effect on audiencesof different political ideologies withinpolitical discourses are hardly explored. Toenable research in this direction, in this workwe create a dataset, originally based on newseditorials and labeled with their persuasive effectson liberals and conservatives and extend itwith annotations pertaining to metaphorical usageof language. To that end, first, we identifyall single metaphors and composite metaphors.Secondly, we provide annotations of the sourceand target domains for each metaphor. As aresult, our corpus consists of 300 news editorialsannotated with spans of texts containingmetaphors and the corresponding domains ofwhich these metaphors draw from. Our analysisshows that liberal readers are affected bymetaphors, whereas conservatives are resistantto them. Both ideologies are affected differentlybased on the metaphor source and targetcategory. For example, liberals are affected bymetaphors in the Darkness {&} Light (e.g., death)source domains, where as the source domain ofNature affects conservatives more significantly.}}, author = {{Sengupta, Meghdut and El Baff, Roxanne and Alshomary, Milad and Wachsmuth, Henning}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)}}, editor = {{Duh, Kevin and Gomez, Helena and Bethard, Steven}}, pages = {{3621–3631}}, publisher = {{Association for Computational Linguistics}}, title = {{{Analyzing the Use of Metaphors in News Editorials for Political Framing}}}, year = {{2024}}, }