[{"_id":"34707","user_id":"14931","department":[{"_id":"615"},{"_id":"14"},{"_id":"519"}],"keyword":["aura Bassi Luise Gottsched Immanuel Kant Dourtous de Mairan Johann II Bernoulli Algarotti Buffon d’Alembert La Mettrie Principle of contradiction Hypotheses Enlightenment Leibniz-Clarke Correspondence Living forces Dead forces","happiness Space Imaginary beings Monads Epicurus Ethics Women philosophers Newton’s laws Principia Motion inertia Active force Vis viva Vis mortua Hypothetic reasoning Hypotheses","a priori principles","Experience","Dead forces","Living forces","Energy Dynamics"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"book_chapter","publication":"Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences","abstract":[{"text":"Of the many outstanding female philosophers of the European Enlightenment, Emilie Du Châtelet excelled as a physicist, a philosopher, and a mathematician, as well as a Bible critic. She was famous in her lifetime and was not completely forgotten thereafter. Among her admirers, correspondents and friends were the most acknowledged scholars of her time, including Voltaire, Clairault, Maupertuis, Diderot, Helvetius, La Mettrie, Buffon, Christian Wolff, Leonard Euler, and Johann II Bernoulli. Her philosophical work enjoyed high reputation and her opus magnum, the Institutions physiques, was translated into Italian and German and proved her to be an intellectual of European stature. Its defense of living forces and its implied forecast into dynamics as well as her methodological grounding of scientific knowledge as hypothetical, impacted philosophy and science. Reality must by nature escape us. What we perceive are phenomena. Du Châtelet explains the function of space and time to trace us back to the origin of phenomena. Her influence on Kant is evident. Next to her writings in physics, mathematics, philosophy, language, and logic, she contributed to morality and ethics. Du Châtelet left an opus of quite systematic breadth. This impressive publishing activity excels in the amount of its scientific and philosophical production to which a vast collection of manuscripts must be added.She argued against prejudice and idolatry in philosophy and science. Science is a cooperative undertaking over history and beyond nations. Her moral writings align with ideas of the French materialists. Du Châtelet translated and commented on Newton’s Principia, preparing thus the fertile soil of the generation of physicists to come in France.","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","date_updated":"2023-01-12T10:06:49Z","author":[{"last_name":"Hagengruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","id":"198","full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth","first_name":"Ruth"}],"date_created":"2022-12-21T11:54:55Z","title":"Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749)","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1","publication_status":"published","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783319207919","9783319207919"]},"place":"Cham","year":"2021","citation":{"apa":"Hagengruber, R. (2021). Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749). In <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>","bibtex":"@inbook{Hagengruber_2021, place={Cham}, title={Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749)}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>}, booktitle={Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, author={Hagengruber, Ruth}, year={2021} }","short":"R. Hagengruber, in: Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021.","mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth. “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749).” <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, Springer International Publishing, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>.","ama":"Hagengruber R. Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749). In: <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>","ieee":"R. Hagengruber, “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749),” in <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021.","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth. “Du Châtelet, Émilie (1706–1749).” In <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_410-1</a>."}},{"publication_identifier":{"isbn":["9783319207919","9783319207919"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","citation":{"mla":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith. “Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction.” <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, edited by Dana Jalobenau and Charles T. Wolfe, Springer International Publishing, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1</a>.","bibtex":"@inbook{Hagengruber_2021, place={Cham}, title={Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1</a>}, booktitle={Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences}, publisher={Springer International Publishing}, author={Hagengruber, Ruth Edith}, editor={Jalobenau, Dana and Wolfe, Charles T.}, year={2021} }","short":"R.E. Hagengruber, in: D. Jalobenau, C.T. Wolfe (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences, Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2021.","apa":"Hagengruber, R. E. (2021). Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction. In D. Jalobenau &#38; C. T. Wolfe (Eds.), <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1</a>","chicago":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith. “Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction.” In <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, edited by Dana Jalobenau and Charles T. Wolfe. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1</a>.","ieee":"R. E. Hagengruber, “Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction,” in <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>, D. Jalobenau and C. T. Wolfe, Eds. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021.","ama":"Hagengruber RE. Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction. In: Jalobenau D, Wolfe CT, eds. <i>Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences</i>. Springer International Publishing; 2021. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1\">10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1</a>"},"place":"Cham","year":"2021","date_created":"2022-12-21T11:51:45Z","author":[{"last_name":"Hagengruber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3360-6335","full_name":"Hagengruber, Ruth Edith","id":"198","first_name":"Ruth Edith"}],"date_updated":"2023-01-12T10:38:38Z","publisher":"Springer International Publishing","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-20791-9_529-1","title":"Women in Early Modern Philosophy and Science: An Introduction","publication":"Encyclopedia of Early Modern Philosophy and the Sciences","type":"book_chapter","status":"public","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Essential ideas significantly connected to humanism, Renaissance, and early modern philosophy stem from women’s pens. The supportive role of women in the early modern period has hardly been recognized up to today. The relevant issues women have contributed to range from commentaries on and critiques of the Bible, and their demands for equality and the critique of political institutions, topics that became eminent enhancers of political and societal change in the relevant period of early modern philosophy, to enlightenment philosophy."}],"editor":[{"last_name":"Jalobenau","full_name":"Jalobenau, Dana","first_name":"Dana"},{"full_name":"Wolfe, Charles T.","last_name":"Wolfe","first_name":"Charles T."}],"department":[{"_id":"615"},{"_id":"14"},{"_id":"519"}],"user_id":"14931","_id":"34706","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}]