@article{60996,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>
          <jats:p>The benefits of physical activity are undisputed. However, adverse events can occur in rare cases, particularly during high-intensity or prolonged exercise. During physical activity, at-risk patients can experience major cardiac events, whereas adverse events affecting the musculoskeletal system are more common but less severe. A sports preparticipation evaluation (PPE) for apparently healthy adults is designed to detect at-risk individuals and prevent potentially fatal events. This guideline for conducting PPEs was developed by consensus among 16 medical societies and sports associations and is based on previously published guidelines and consensus papers. Sports medicine physicians and potential participants were also surveyed to assess the recommendations’ content, feasibility, and implementation. On the basis of the 20 recommendations developed and agreed upon by the abovementioned entities, PPE comprises individuals’ personal, family, and sports histories, as well as a physical examination. The need for additional examinations (e.g., laboratory parameters, echocardiograms, or stress tests) is determined on the basis of the PPE findings. This approach’s feasibility in various regions, including resource-limited settings, and the extent to which it prevents adverse or potentially fatal events, should be examined in future research.</jats:p>}},
  author       = {{Joisten, Christine and Hirschmüller, Anja and Bauer, Pascal and Baum, Erika and Behrens, Meinolf and Berrisch-Rahmel, Susanne and Berrsche, Gregor and Carlsohn, Anja and Cassel, Michael and DeZeuuw, Justus and Dörr, Gesine and Dreher, Michael and Edelmann, Frank and Esefeld, Katrin and Freitag, Michael and Grebe, Mathias and Grim, Casper and Janßen, Pia and Kaiser, Rolf and Katlun, Thomas and Köppel, Maximilian and Kreutz, Charlotte and Krüger, Karsten and Lutter, Christoph and Mayer, Frank and Moser, Othmar and Nieß, Andreas and Predel, Hans-Georg and Peters, Stefan and Platen, Petra and Portius, Dorothea and Reinsberger, Claus and Reiss, Nils and Röcker, Kai and Schmidt, Thomas and Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno and Schmitt, Holger and Schramm, Thomas and Sturm, Christian and Vater, Hans and Weise, Alina and Weisser, Burkhard and Welsch, Götz and Winkelmann, Andreas and Wirth, Alfred and Wolfarth, Bernd and Goossen, Käthe}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Medicine}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Sports Preparticipation Evaluation for Healthy Adults: A Consensus-Based German Guideline}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-025-02230-5}},
  year         = {{2025}},
}

@article{50798,
  abstract     = {{<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Background</jats:title>
              <jats:p>An infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications, which can impair athletic activity.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Objective</jats:title>
              <jats:p>We aimed to assess the clinical symptom patterns, diagnostic findings, and the extent of impairment in sport practice in a large cohort of athletes infected with SARS-CoV-2, both initially after infection and at follow-up. Additionally, we investigated whether baseline factors that may contribute to reduced exercise tolerance at follow-up can be identified.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Methods</jats:title>
              <jats:p>In this prospective, observational, multicenter study, we recruited German COVID elite-athletes (cEAs, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 444) and COVID non-elite athletes (cNEAs, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 481) who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR (polymerase chain reaction test). Athletes from the federal squad with no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection served as healthy controls (EAcon, <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 501). Questionnaires were used to assess load and duration of infectious symptoms, other complaints, exercise tolerance, and duration of training interruption at baseline and at follow-up 6 months after baseline. Diagnostic tests conducted at baseline included resting and exercise electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, spirometry, and blood analyses.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Results</jats:title>
              <jats:p>Most acute and infection-related symptoms and other complaints were more prevalent in cNEA than in cEAs. Compared to cEAs, EAcon had a low symptom load. In cNEAs, female athletes had a higher prevalence of complaints such as palpitations, dizziness, chest pain, myalgia, sleeping disturbances, mood swings, and concentration problems compared to male athletes (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Until follow-up, leading symptoms were drop in performance, concentration problems, and dyspnea on exertion. Female athletes had significantly higher prevalence for symptoms until follow-up compared to male. Pathological findings in ECG, echocardiography, and spirometry, attributed to SARS-CoV-2 infection, were rare in infected athletes. Most athletes reported a training interruption between 2 and 4 weeks (cNEAs: 52.9%, cEAs: 52.4%), while more cNEAs (27.1%) compared to cEAs (5.1%) had a training interruption lasting more than 4 weeks (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). At follow-up, 13.8% of cNEAs and 9.9% of cEAs (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.24) reported their current exercise tolerance to be under 70% compared to pre-infection state. A persistent loss of exercise tolerance at follow-up was associated with persistent complaints at baseline, female sex, a longer break in training, and age &gt; 38 years. Periodical dichotomization of the data set showed a higher prevalence of infectious symptoms such as cough, sore throat, and coryza in the second phase of the pandemic, while a number of neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as dyspnea on exertion were less frequent in this period.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title>
              <jats:p>Compared to recreational athletes, elite athletes seem to be at lower risk of being or remaining symptomatic after SARS-CoV-2 infection. It remains to be determined whether persistent complaints after SARS-CoV-2 infection without evidence of accompanying organ damage may have a negative impact on further health and career in athletes. Identifying risk factors for an extended recovery period such as female sex and ongoing neuropsychological symptoms could help to identify athletes, who may require a more cautious approach to rebuilding their training regimen.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec><jats:sec>
              <jats:title>Trial Registration Number</jats:title>
              <jats:p>DRKS00023717; 06.15.2021—retrospectively registered.</jats:p>
            </jats:sec>}},
  author       = {{Widmann, Manuel and Gaidai, Roman and Schubert, Isabel and Grummt, Maximilian and Bensen, Lieselotte and Kerling, Arno and Quermann, Anne and Zacher, Jonas and Vollrath, Shirin and Bizjak, Daniel Alexander and Beckendorf, Claudia and Egger, Florian and Hasler, Erik and Mellwig, Klaus-Peter and Fütterer, Cornelia and Wimbauer, Fritz and Vogel, Azin and Schoenfeld, Julia and Wüstenfeld, Jan C. and Kastner, Tom and Barsch, Friedrich and Friedmann-Bette, Birgit and Bloch, Wilhelm and Meyer, Tim and Mayer, Frank and Wolfarth, Bernd and Roecker, Kai and Reinsberger, Claus and Haller, Bernhard and Niess, Andreas M. and Birnbaum, Mike Peter and Burgstahler, Christof and Cassel, Michael and Deibert, Peter and Esefeld, Katrin and Erz, Gunnar and Greiss, Franziska and Halle, Martin and Hesse, Judith and Keller, Karsten and Kopp, Christine and Matits, Lynn and Predel, Hans Georg and Rüdrich, Peter and Schneider, Gerald and Stapmanns, Philipp and Steinacker, Jürgen Michael and Szekessy, Sarah and Venhorst, Andreas and Zapf, Stephanie and Zickwolf, Christian}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Medicine}},
  keywords     = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{COVID-19 in Female and Male Athletes: Symptoms, Clinical Findings, Outcome, and Prolonged Exercise Intolerance—A Prospective, Observational, Multicenter Cohort Study (CoSmo-S)}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-023-01976-0}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{58696,
  author       = {{Tortoli, Emanuele and Gokeler, Alli and Tak, Igor and Pellicciari, Leonardo and Norte, Grant}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Medicine}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{2531--2556}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Is Visual Reliance Increased in Athletes After ACL Injury? A Scoping Review}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-024-02085-2}},
  volume       = {{54}},
  year         = {{2024}},
}

@article{20421,
  author       = {{Benjaminse, A and Webster, KE and Gokeler, A}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Med}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{1305--1306}},
  title        = {{{Reply to Koller and Schobersberger: Comment on: "Revised Approach to the Role of Fatigue in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention: A Systematic Review with Meta-analyses".}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-019-01130-9}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

@article{20425,
  author       = {{Gokeler, A and Neuhaus, D and Benjaminse, A and Grooms, DR and Baumeister, Jochen}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Med}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{979}},
  title        = {{{Correction to: Principles of Motor Learning to Support Neuroplasticity After ACL Injury: Implications for Optimizing Performance and Reducing Risk of Second ACL Injury.}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-019-01078-w}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

@article{15425,
  author       = {{Gokeler, Alli and Neuhaus, D and Benjaminse, A and Grooms, DR and Baumeister, Jochen}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Med}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{853--865}},
  title        = {{{Principles of Motor Learning to Support Neuroplasticity After ACL Injury: Implications for Optimizing Performance and Reducing Risk of Second ACL Injury.}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-019-01058-0}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

@article{45113,
  author       = {{Benjaminse, Anne and Webster, Kate E. and Kimp, Alexander and Meijer, Michelle and Gokeler, Alli}},
  issn         = {{0112-1642}},
  journal      = {{Sports Medicine}},
  keywords     = {{Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{565--586}},
  publisher    = {{Springer Science and Business Media LLC}},
  title        = {{{Revised Approach to the Role of Fatigue in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses}}},
  doi          = {{10.1007/s40279-019-01052-6}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}