---
_id: '17199'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Research of tutoring in parent-infant interaction has shown that tutors -
    when presenting some action - modify both their verbal and manual performance
    for the learner (‘motherese’, ‘motionese’). Investigating the sources and effects
    of the tutors’ action modifications, we suggest an interactional account of ‘motionese’.
    Using video-data from a semi-experimental study in which parents taught their
    8 to 11 month old infants how to nest a set of differently sized cups, we found
    that the tutors’ action modifications (in particular: high arches) functioned
    as an orienting device to guide the infant’s visual attention (gaze). Action modification
    and the recipient’s gaze can be seen to have a reciprocal sequential relationship
    and to constitute a constant loop of mutual adjustments. Implications are discussed
    for developmental research and for robotic ‘Social Learning’. We argue that a
    robot system could use on-line feedback strategies (e.g. gaze) to pro-actively
    shape a tutor’s action presentation as it emerges.'
author:
- first_name: Karola
  full_name: Pitsch, Karola
  last_name: Pitsch
- first_name: Anna-Lisa
  full_name: Vollmer, Anna-Lisa
  last_name: Vollmer
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Jannik
  full_name: Fritsch, Jannik
  last_name: Fritsch
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: 'Pitsch K, Vollmer A-L, Rohlfing K, Fritsch J, Wrede B. Tutoring in adult-child-interaction:
    On the loop of the tutor’s action modification and the recipient’s gaze. <i>Interaction
    Studies</i>. 2014;15(1):55-98. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>'
  apa: 'Pitsch, K., Vollmer, A.-L., Rohlfing, K., Fritsch, J., &#38; Wrede, B. (2014).
    Tutoring in adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor’s action modification
    and the recipient’s gaze. <i>Interaction Studies</i>, <i>15</i>(1), 55–98. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Pitsch_Vollmer_Rohlfing_Fritsch_Wrede_2014, title={Tutoring in
    adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor’s action modification and the
    recipient’s gaze}, volume={15}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>},
    number={1}, journal={Interaction Studies}, publisher={John Benjamins Publishing
    Company}, author={Pitsch, Karola and Vollmer, Anna-Lisa and Rohlfing, Katharina
    and Fritsch, Jannik and Wrede, Britta}, year={2014}, pages={55–98} }'
  chicago: 'Pitsch, Karola, Anna-Lisa Vollmer, Katharina Rohlfing, Jannik Fritsch,
    and Britta Wrede. “Tutoring in Adult-Child-Interaction: On the Loop of the Tutor’s
    Action Modification and the Recipient’s Gaze.” <i>Interaction Studies</i> 15,
    no. 1 (2014): 55–98. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Pitsch, A.-L. Vollmer, K. Rohlfing, J. Fritsch, and B. Wrede, “Tutoring
    in adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor’s action modification and
    the recipient’s gaze,” <i>Interaction Studies</i>, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 55–98,
    2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>.'
  mla: 'Pitsch, Karola, et al. “Tutoring in Adult-Child-Interaction: On the Loop of
    the Tutor’s Action Modification and the Recipient’s Gaze.” <i>Interaction Studies</i>,
    vol. 15, no. 1, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014, pp. 55–98, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.15.1.03pit">10.1075/is.15.1.03pit</a>.'
  short: K. Pitsch, A.-L. Vollmer, K. Rohlfing, J. Fritsch, B. Wrede, Interaction
    Studies 15 (2014) 55–98.
date_created: 2020-06-24T13:01:17Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T16:10:52Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1075/is.15.1.03pit
intvolume: '        15'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- conversation analysis
- interactional coordination
- adult-child-interaction
- feedback
- gaze
- quantification
- social learning
- motionese
- tutoring
language:
- iso: eng
page: 55-98
publication: Interaction Studies
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1572-0381
publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
status: public
title: 'Tutoring in adult-child-interaction: On the loop of the tutor''s action modification
  and the recipient''s gaze'
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 15
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '17204'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'In a longitudinal naturalistic study, we observed German mothers interacting
    with their infants when they were 3 and 6 months old. Pursuing the idea that infants’
    attention is socialized in everyday interactions, we explored whether eye contact
    is reinforced selectively by behavioral modification in the input provided to
    infants. Applying a microanalytical approach focusing on the sequential organization
    of interaction, we explored how the mother draws the infant’s attention to herself
    and how she tries to maintain attention when the infant is looking at her. Results
    showed that eye contact is reinforced by specific infant-directed practices: interrogatives
    and conversational openings, multimodal stimulation, repetition, and imitation.
    In addition, these practices are contingent on the infant’s own behavior. By comparing
    the two data points (3 and 6 months), we showed how the education of attention
    evolves hand-in-hand with the developing capacities of the infant.'
author:
- first_name: Iris
  full_name: Nomikou, Iris
  last_name: Nomikou
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Joanna
  full_name: Szufnarowska, Joanna
  last_name: Szufnarowska
citation:
  ama: 'Nomikou I, Rohlfing K, Szufnarowska J. Educating attention: recruiting, maintaining,
    and framing eye contact in early natural mother-infant interactions. <i>Interaction
    Studies</i>. 2013;14(2):240-267. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>'
  apa: 'Nomikou, I., Rohlfing, K., &#38; Szufnarowska, J. (2013). Educating attention:
    recruiting, maintaining, and framing eye contact in early natural mother-infant
    interactions. <i>Interaction Studies</i>, <i>14</i>(2), 240–267. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Nomikou_Rohlfing_Szufnarowska_2013, title={Educating attention:
    recruiting, maintaining, and framing eye contact in early natural mother-infant
    interactions}, volume={14}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Interaction Studies}, publisher={John Benjamins Publishing
    Company}, author={Nomikou, Iris and Rohlfing, Katharina and Szufnarowska, Joanna},
    year={2013}, pages={240–267} }'
  chicago: 'Nomikou, Iris, Katharina Rohlfing, and Joanna Szufnarowska. “Educating
    Attention: Recruiting, Maintaining, and Framing Eye Contact in Early Natural Mother-Infant
    Interactions.” <i>Interaction Studies</i> 14, no. 2 (2013): 240–67. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>.'
  ieee: 'I. Nomikou, K. Rohlfing, and J. Szufnarowska, “Educating attention: recruiting,
    maintaining, and framing eye contact in early natural mother-infant interactions,”
    <i>Interaction Studies</i>, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 240–267, 2013, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>.'
  mla: 'Nomikou, Iris, et al. “Educating Attention: Recruiting, Maintaining, and Framing
    Eye Contact in Early Natural Mother-Infant Interactions.” <i>Interaction Studies</i>,
    vol. 14, no. 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013, pp. 240–67, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.14.2.05nom">10.1075/is.14.2.05nom</a>.'
  short: I. Nomikou, K. Rohlfing, J. Szufnarowska, Interaction Studies 14 (2013) 240–267.
date_created: 2020-06-24T13:01:23Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T16:12:50Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1075/is.14.2.05nom
intvolume: '        14'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- interactional adaptation
- multimodal input
- social learning
- ecology of attention
- eye contact
language:
- iso: eng
page: 240-267
publication: Interaction Studies
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1572-0381
publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
status: public
title: 'Educating attention: recruiting, maintaining, and framing eye contact in early
  natural mother-infant interactions'
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 14
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '17233'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'It has been proposed that the design of robots might benefit from interactions
    that are similar to caregiver–child interactions, which is tailored to children’s
    respective capacities to a high degree. However, so far little is known about
    how people adapt their tutoring behaviour to robots and whether robots can evoke
    input that is similar to child-directed interaction. The paper presents detailed
    analyses of speakers’ linguistic and non-linguistic behaviour, such as action
    demonstration, in two comparable situations: In one experiment, parents described
    and explained to their nonverbal infants the use of certain everyday objects;
    in the other experiment, participants tutored a simulated robot on the same objects.
    The results, which show considerable differences between the two situations on
    almost all measures, are discussed in the light of the computer-as-social-actor
    paradigm and the register hypothesis.'
author:
- first_name: Kerstin
  full_name: Fischer, Kerstin
  last_name: Fischer
- first_name: Kilian
  full_name: Foth, Kilian
  last_name: Foth
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Britta
  full_name: Wrede, Britta
  last_name: Wrede
citation:
  ama: 'Fischer K, Foth K, Rohlfing K, Wrede B. Mindful tutors: Linguistic choice
    and action demonstration in speech to infants and a simulated robot. <i>Interaction
    Studies</i>. 2011;12(1):134-161. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>'
  apa: 'Fischer, K., Foth, K., Rohlfing, K., &#38; Wrede, B. (2011). Mindful tutors:
    Linguistic choice and action demonstration in speech to infants and a simulated
    robot. <i>Interaction Studies</i>, <i>12</i>(1), 134–161. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Fischer_Foth_Rohlfing_Wrede_2011, title={Mindful tutors: Linguistic
    choice and action demonstration in speech to infants and a simulated robot}, volume={12},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>},
    number={1}, journal={Interaction Studies}, publisher={John Benjamins Publishing
    Company}, author={Fischer, Kerstin and Foth, Kilian and Rohlfing, Katharina and
    Wrede, Britta}, year={2011}, pages={134–161} }'
  chicago: 'Fischer, Kerstin, Kilian Foth, Katharina Rohlfing, and Britta Wrede. “Mindful
    Tutors: Linguistic Choice and Action Demonstration in Speech to Infants and a
    Simulated Robot.” <i>Interaction Studies</i> 12, no. 1 (2011): 134–61. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>.'
  ieee: 'K. Fischer, K. Foth, K. Rohlfing, and B. Wrede, “Mindful tutors: Linguistic
    choice and action demonstration in speech to infants and a simulated robot,” <i>Interaction
    Studies</i>, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 134–161, 2011, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>.'
  mla: 'Fischer, Kerstin, et al. “Mindful Tutors: Linguistic Choice and Action Demonstration
    in Speech to Infants and a Simulated Robot.” <i>Interaction Studies</i>, vol.
    12, no. 1, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011, pp. 134–61, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.12.1.06fis">10.1075/is.12.1.06fis</a>.'
  short: K. Fischer, K. Foth, K. Rohlfing, B. Wrede, Interaction Studies 12 (2011)
    134–161.
date_created: 2020-06-24T13:01:57Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T12:56:04Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1075/is.12.1.06fis
intvolume: '        12'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- human–robot interaction (HRI)
- social communication
- register theory
- motionese
- robotese
- child-directed speech (CDS)
- motherese
- mindless transfer
- computers-as-social-actors
language:
- iso: eng
page: 134-161
publication: Interaction Studies
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1572-0381
publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
status: public
title: 'Mindful tutors: Linguistic choice and action demonstration in speech to infants
  and a simulated robot'
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 12
year: '2011'
...
---
_id: '17260'
author:
- first_name: Manja
  full_name: Lohse, Manja
  last_name: Lohse
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Hanheide, Marc
  last_name: Hanheide
- first_name: Karola
  full_name: Pitsch, Karola
  last_name: Pitsch
- first_name: Katharina
  full_name: Rohlfing, Katharina
  id: '50352'
  last_name: Rohlfing
- first_name: Gerhard
  full_name: Sagerer, Gerhard
  last_name: Sagerer
citation:
  ama: 'Lohse M, Hanheide M, Pitsch K, Rohlfing K, Sagerer G. Improving HRI design
    by applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA). <i>Interaction Studies (Special
    Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI in naturalistic environments)</i>. 2009;10(3):298-323.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>'
  apa: 'Lohse, M., Hanheide, M., Pitsch, K., Rohlfing, K., &#38; Sagerer, G. (2009).
    Improving HRI design by applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA). <i>Interaction
    Studies (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI in Naturalistic Environments)</i>,
    <i>10</i>(3), 298–323. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Lohse_Hanheide_Pitsch_Rohlfing_Sagerer_2009, title={Improving
    HRI design by applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA)}, volume={10}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>}, number={3},
    journal={Interaction Studies (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI
    in naturalistic environments)}, publisher={John Benjamins Publishing Company},
    author={Lohse, Manja and Hanheide, Marc and Pitsch, Karola and Rohlfing, Katharina
    and Sagerer, Gerhard}, year={2009}, pages={298–323} }'
  chicago: 'Lohse, Manja, Marc Hanheide, Karola Pitsch, Katharina Rohlfing, and Gerhard
    Sagerer. “Improving HRI Design by Applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA).”
    <i>Interaction Studies (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI in Naturalistic
    Environments)</i> 10, no. 3 (2009): 298–323. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>.'
  ieee: 'M. Lohse, M. Hanheide, K. Pitsch, K. Rohlfing, and G. Sagerer, “Improving
    HRI design by applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA),” <i>Interaction Studies
    (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI in naturalistic environments)</i>,
    vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 298–323, 2009, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>.'
  mla: 'Lohse, Manja, et al. “Improving HRI Design by Applying Systemic Interaction
    Analysis (SInA).” <i>Interaction Studies (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring
    HRI in Naturalistic Environments)</i>, vol. 10, no. 3, John Benjamins Publishing
    Company, 2009, pp. 298–323, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1075/is.10.3.03loh">10.1075/is.10.3.03loh</a>.'
  short: 'M. Lohse, M. Hanheide, K. Pitsch, K. Rohlfing, G. Sagerer, Interaction Studies
    (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI in Naturalistic Environments)
    10 (2009) 298–323.'
date_created: 2020-06-24T13:02:28Z
date_updated: 2023-02-01T13:02:52Z
department:
- _id: '749'
doi: 10.1075/is.10.3.03loh
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 298-323
publication: 'Interaction Studies (Special Issue: Robots in the Wild: Exploring HRI
  in naturalistic environments)'
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1572-0381
publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
status: public
title: Improving HRI design by applying Systemic Interaction Analysis (SInA)
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 10
year: '2009'
...
