---
_id: '32542'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "This study investigates how different factors in regard to intergenerational
    relationships are associated with emotional support\r\ngiven by adults to their
    parents. The analysis focuses on adult children and their parents in a representative
    German sample.\r\nData were obtained from the second wave of the German Family
    Panel (pairfam) consisting of 2064 women and 1841 men.\r\nResults show that transfer
    of emotional support by the adult children was especially associated not only
    with received emotional support from parents, but also with affection, conflicts,
    and expectations concerning parents. A moderator analysis\r\nfocuses on gender
    and showed differences for the association between given support by adults and
    conflicts between mothers\r\nand fathers. For the offspring, no gender effects
    were found."
author:
- first_name: Sabrina
  full_name: Sommer, Sabrina
  last_name: Sommer
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
citation:
  ama: 'Sommer S, Buhl HM. Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s
    Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>. 2018;25(4):286-296.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  apa: 'Sommer, S., &#38; Buhl, H. M. (2018). Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, <i>25</i>(4), 286–296. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Sommer_Buhl_2018, title={Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents}, volume={25}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>},
    number={4}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Sommer, Sabrina and Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2018},
    pages={286–296} }'
  chicago: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i> 25, no. 4 (2018): 286–96. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Sommer and H. M. Buhl, “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with
    Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents,” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>,
    vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 286–296, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  mla: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, vol. 25, no. 4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018,
    pp. 286–96, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  short: S. Sommer, H.M. Buhl, Journal of Adult Development 25 (2018) 286–296.
date_created: 2022-08-03T03:19:32Z
date_updated: 2025-07-16T08:44:10Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Intergenerational relationships
- Emotional support
- Solidarity
- Adult children
- Gender
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 286-296
project:
- _id: '372'
  grant_number: '281828538'
  name: Interdependenz in der Beziehung zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern
publication: Journal of Adult Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1068-0667
  - 1573-3440
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s Emotional
  Support of Their Parents'
type: journal_article
user_id: '27152'
volume: 25
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '49267'
author:
- first_name: Sabrina
  full_name: Sommer, Sabrina
  id: '36251'
  last_name: Sommer
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
citation:
  ama: 'Sommer S, Buhl HM. Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s
    Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>. 2018;25(4):286-296.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  apa: 'Sommer, S., &#38; Buhl, H. M. (2018). Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, <i>25</i>(4), 286–296. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Sommer_Buhl_2018, title={Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents}, volume={25}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>},
    number={4}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Sommer, Sabrina and Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2018},
    pages={286–296} }'
  chicago: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i> 25, no. 4 (2018): 286–96. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Sommer and H. M. Buhl, “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with
    Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents,” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>,
    vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 286–296, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  mla: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, vol. 25, no. 4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018,
    pp. 286–96, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  short: S. Sommer, H.M. Buhl, Journal of Adult Development 25 (2018) 286–296.
date_created: 2023-11-28T12:06:41Z
date_updated: 2026-03-17T11:24:34Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Life-span and Life-course Studies
- Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
language:
- iso: eng
page: 286-296
project:
- _id: '372'
  name: Interdependenz in der Beziehung zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern
publication: Journal of Adult Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1068-0667
  - 1573-3440
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s Emotional
  Support of Their Parents'
type: journal_article
user_id: '90826'
volume: 25
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '49279'
author:
- first_name: Sabrina
  full_name: Sommer, Sabrina
  id: '36251'
  last_name: Sommer
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
citation:
  ama: 'Sommer S, Buhl HM. Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s
    Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>. 2018;25(4):286-296.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  apa: 'Sommer, S., &#38; Buhl, H. M. (2018). Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents. <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, <i>25</i>(4), 286–296. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Sommer_Buhl_2018, title={Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents}, volume={25}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>},
    number={4}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Sommer, Sabrina and Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2018},
    pages={286–296} }'
  chicago: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i> 25, no. 4 (2018): 286–96. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Sommer and H. M. Buhl, “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with
    Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents,” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>,
    vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 286–296, 2018, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  mla: 'Sommer, Sabrina, and Heike M. Buhl. “Intergenerational Transfers: Associations
    with Adult Children’s Emotional Support of Their Parents.” <i>Journal of Adult
    Development</i>, vol. 25, no. 4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018,
    pp. 286–96, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y">10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y</a>.'
  short: S. Sommer, H.M. Buhl, Journal of Adult Development 25 (2018) 286–296.
date_created: 2023-11-28T12:18:36Z
date_updated: 2026-03-17T11:24:30Z
doi: 10.1007/s10804-018-9296-y
intvolume: '        25'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Life-span and Life-course Studies
- Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
language:
- iso: eng
page: 286-296
project:
- _id: '372'
  name: Interdependenz in der Beziehung zwischen Erwachsenen und ihren Eltern
publication: Journal of Adult Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1068-0667
  - 1573-3440
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'Intergenerational Transfers: Associations with Adult Children’s Emotional
  Support of Their Parents'
type: journal_article
user_id: '90826'
volume: 25
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '32528'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The study investigates the status of individuation in adult child–parent relationships
    expressed in verbal interactions, as well as considering verbal behavior as a
    means to individuate. A sample of 41 German adult children aged 20–45 years and
    their 39 mothers and 19 fathers were videotaped in dyadic conflict discourse.
    The interactions were coded in their entirety, and scales were allocated to the
    factor connectedness, individuality, and conflict. Group comparisons show that
    mothers and fathers do not differ. Middle-aged adults interacted in a more individuated
    manner than young adults. Their mothers interacted in a way that was more connected
    and less conflictual than mothers in interactions with younger adults; their fathers,
    on the other hand, interacted more conflictual. The behavior of adult children
    and their parents did not differ and so expressed a high amount of behavioral
    symmetry. Associations between the self-report about the relationship and family
    members’ behavior point to verbal interaction as a means for negotiating the relationship.
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
- first_name: Berit
  full_name: Scholwin, Berit
  last_name: Scholwin
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Noack, Peter
  last_name: Noack
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM, Scholwin B, Noack P. Individuation in Adults’ Family Interactions:
    An Observational Study. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>. 2014;22(2):100-111.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>'
  apa: 'Buhl, H. M., Scholwin, B., &#38; Noack, P. (2014). Individuation in Adults’
    Family Interactions: An Observational Study. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>,
    <i>22</i>(2), 100–111. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Buhl_Scholwin_Noack_2014, title={Individuation in Adults’ Family
    Interactions: An Observational Study}, volume={22}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>},
    number={2}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Buhl, Heike M. and Scholwin, Berit and Noack,
    Peter}, year={2014}, pages={100–111} }'
  chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M., Berit Scholwin, and Peter Noack. “Individuation in Adults’
    Family Interactions: An Observational Study.” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>
    22, no. 2 (2014): 100–111. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, B. Scholwin, and P. Noack, “Individuation in Adults’ Family Interactions:
    An Observational Study,” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>, vol. 22, no. 2,
    pp. 100–111, 2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>.'
  mla: 'Buhl, Heike M., et al. “Individuation in Adults’ Family Interactions: An Observational
    Study.” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>, vol. 22, no. 2, Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC, 2014, pp. 100–11, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z">10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z</a>.'
  short: H.M. Buhl, B. Scholwin, P. Noack, Journal of Adult Development 22 (2014)
    100–111.
date_created: 2022-08-03T00:26:45Z
date_updated: 2022-08-29T05:08:36Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z
intvolume: '        22'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Life-span and Life-course Studies
- Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10804-014-9204-z.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 100-111
publication: Journal of Adult Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1068-0667
  - 1573-3440
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'Individuation in Adults’ Family Interactions: An Observational Study'
type: journal_article
user_id: '42165'
volume: 22
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '32520'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "In order to investigate the significance of\r\nadults’ relationship to their
    parents, this relationship is\r\ncompared to relationships with siblings, friends,
    partners,\r\nand children. German adults (N = 902) between the ages\r\nof 20 and
    86 completed the Network of Relationships\r\nInventory (Furman and Buhrmester
    1992). Participants felt\r\nmost supported by their partners, followed by their
    children, mothers, friends, fathers, and siblings. Conflicts were\r\nmore frequently
    found within the family (especially with\r\nthe partner, followed by children,
    mothers, fathers, and\r\nsiblings) than with friends. Except for partner relationships,\r\nboth
    conflict and support decreased with age. Concerning\r\nrelative power within their
    relationships, partners, mothers,\r\nand siblings are seen as equals, friends
    and especially\r\nfathers are perceived as more powerful, and children as\r\nless,
    yet increasingly powerful. Regarding all relationship\r\ntypes and relationship
    qualities, the differences between\r\nwomen and men were small."
author:
- first_name: Heike M.
  full_name: Buhl, Heike M.
  id: '27152'
  last_name: Buhl
citation:
  ama: 'Buhl HM. My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant
    Others Across the Lifespan. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>. 2009;16(4):239-249.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>'
  apa: 'Buhl, H. M. (2009). My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with
    Significant Others Across the Lifespan. <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>, <i>16</i>(4),
    239–249. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>'
  bibtex: '@article{Buhl_2009, title={My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships
    with Significant Others Across the Lifespan}, volume={16}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>},
    number={4}, journal={Journal of Adult Development}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Buhl, Heike M.}, year={2009}, pages={239–249}
    }'
  chicago: 'Buhl, Heike M. “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with
    Significant Others Across the Lifespan.” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i> 16,
    no. 4 (2009): 239–49. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. M. Buhl, “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant
    Others Across the Lifespan,” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>, vol. 16, no.
    4, pp. 239–249, 2009, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>.'
  mla: 'Buhl, Heike M. “My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant
    Others Across the Lifespan.” <i>Journal of Adult Development</i>, vol. 16, no.
    4, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2009, pp. 239–49, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2">10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2</a>.'
  short: H.M. Buhl, Journal of Adult Development 16 (2009) 239–249.
date_created: 2022-08-02T23:59:24Z
date_updated: 2022-08-29T04:46:47Z
department:
- _id: '427'
doi: 10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        16'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- Family
- Friends
- "\x01 Support"
- "\x01 Conflict"
- "\x01 Power"
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10804-009-9070-2.pdf
oa: '1'
page: 239-249
publication: Journal of Adult Development
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1068-0667
  - 1573-3440
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: 'My Mother: My Best Friend? Adults’ Relationships with Significant Others Across
  the Lifespan'
type: journal_article
user_id: '42165'
volume: 16
year: '2009'
...