---
_id: '33668'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: AbstractVaccinations, lockdowns and testing
strategies are three potential elements of an effective anti-coronavirus, and
in particular Covid-19, health policy. The following analysis considers - within
a simple model - the potentially crucial role of a Corona testing approach in
combination with a quarantine approach which is shown herein to be a substitute
for broad lockdown measures. The cost of lockdowns/shutdowns are rather high so
that – beyond progress in terms of a broad vaccination program – a rational testing
strategy should also be carefully considered. Testing has to be organized on the
basis of an adequate testing infrastructure which could largely be implemented
in firms, schools, universities and public administration settings. As regards
the cost of a systematic broad Covid-19 testing strategy, these could come close
to 0.5% of national income if there are no vaccinations. The Testing & Quarantine
approach suggested here – with tests for symptomatic as well as asymptomatic people
- is based on a random sampling and would require rather broad and frequent testing;
possibly one test per person every 7–10 days. At the same time, one should consider
that the cost of further lockdowns/shutdowns of a duration of 1 month could be
very high, such that a standard cost benefit analysis supports the testing approach
suggested herein. Also, an optimal policy mix could be designed where both vaccinations
and testing play a crucial role. As of late January 2021, no further lockdowns
in Germany and other OECD countries would be necessary if a broad testing infrastructure
can be established rather quickly. This in turn will reinforce economic optimism
and help to jumpstart economic growth in Europe, the US and Asia in a solid way.
The basic logic of the testing approach pointed out here for industrialized countries
could also be applied in developing countries. The approach presented is complementary
to the IMF analysis of Cherif/Hasanov.
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gries, Thomas
id: '186'
last_name: Gries
- first_name: Paul J. J.
full_name: Welfens, Paul J. J.
last_name: Welfens
citation:
ama: Gries T, Welfens PJJ. Testing as an approach to control the Corona epidemic
dynamics and avoid lockdowns. International Economics and Economic Policy.
2021;18(1):1-24. doi:10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5
apa: Gries, T., & Welfens, P. J. J. (2021). Testing as an approach to control
the Corona epidemic dynamics and avoid lockdowns. International Economics and
Economic Policy, 18(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5
bibtex: '@article{Gries_Welfens_2021, title={Testing as an approach to control the
Corona epidemic dynamics and avoid lockdowns}, volume={18}, DOI={10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5},
number={1}, journal={International Economics and Economic Policy}, publisher={Springer
Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Gries, Thomas and Welfens, Paul J. J.},
year={2021}, pages={1–24} }'
chicago: 'Gries, Thomas, and Paul J. J. Welfens. “Testing as an Approach to Control
the Corona Epidemic Dynamics and Avoid Lockdowns.” International Economics
and Economic Policy 18, no. 1 (2021): 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5.'
ieee: 'T. Gries and P. J. J. Welfens, “Testing as an approach to control the Corona
epidemic dynamics and avoid lockdowns,” International Economics and Economic
Policy, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1–24, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5.'
mla: Gries, Thomas, and Paul J. J. Welfens. “Testing as an Approach to Control the
Corona Epidemic Dynamics and Avoid Lockdowns.” International Economics and
Economic Policy, vol. 18, no. 1, Springer Science and Business Media LLC,
2021, pp. 1–24, doi:10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5.
short: T. Gries, P.J.J. Welfens, International Economics and Economic Policy 18
(2021) 1–24.
date_created: 2022-10-10T18:44:46Z
date_updated: 2024-06-12T12:50:47Z
department:
- _id: '475'
- _id: '19'
- _id: '200'
doi: 10.1007/s10368-021-00495-5
intvolume: ' 18'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Economics and Econometrics
language:
- iso: eng
page: 1-24
publication: International Economics and Economic Policy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1612-4804
- 1612-4812
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Testing as an approach to control the Corona epidemic dynamics and avoid lockdowns
type: journal_article
user_id: '186'
volume: 18
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '17086'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gries, Thomas
id: '186'
last_name: Gries
- first_name: Margarete
full_name: Redlin, Margarete
id: '135'
last_name: Redlin
citation:
ama: 'Gries T, Redlin M. Trade and economic development: global causality and development-
and openness-related heterogeneity. International Economics and Economic Policy.
2020;17:923-944. doi:10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1'
apa: 'Gries, T., & Redlin, M. (2020). Trade and economic development: global
causality and development- and openness-related heterogeneity. International
Economics and Economic Policy, 17, 923–944. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1'
bibtex: '@article{Gries_Redlin_2020, title={Trade and economic development: global
causality and development- and openness-related heterogeneity}, volume={17}, DOI={10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1},
journal={International Economics and Economic Policy}, author={Gries, Thomas and
Redlin, Margarete}, year={2020}, pages={923–944} }'
chicago: 'Gries, Thomas, and Margarete Redlin. “Trade and Economic Development:
Global Causality and Development- and Openness-Related Heterogeneity.” International
Economics and Economic Policy 17 (2020): 923–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1.'
ieee: 'T. Gries and M. Redlin, “Trade and economic development: global causality
and development- and openness-related heterogeneity,” International Economics
and Economic Policy, vol. 17, pp. 923–944, 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1.'
mla: 'Gries, Thomas, and Margarete Redlin. “Trade and Economic Development: Global
Causality and Development- and Openness-Related Heterogeneity.” International
Economics and Economic Policy, vol. 17, 2020, pp. 923–44, doi:10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1.'
short: T. Gries, M. Redlin, International Economics and Economic Policy 17 (2020)
923–944.
date_created: 2020-06-08T07:05:43Z
date_updated: 2022-08-23T08:25:03Z
department:
- _id: '475'
- _id: '200'
- _id: '202'
doi: 10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1
intvolume: ' 17'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10368-020-00467-1
oa: '1'
page: 923-944
publication: International Economics and Economic Policy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1612-4804
- 1612-4812
publication_status: published
status: public
title: 'Trade and economic development: global causality and development- and openness-related
heterogeneity'
type: journal_article
user_id: '135'
volume: 17
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '1372'
author:
- first_name: T.
full_name: Gries, T.
last_name: Gries
- first_name: R.
full_name: Grundmann, R.
last_name: Grundmann
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Palnau, Irene
id: '8136'
last_name: Palnau
orcid: 0000-0003-2039-8506
- first_name: Margarete
full_name: Redlin, Margarete
id: '135'
last_name: Redlin
citation:
ama: Gries T, Grundmann R, Palnau I, Redlin M. Innovations, growth and participation
in advanced economies - a review of major concepts and findings. International
Economics and Economic Policy. 2017;14(2):293-351. doi:10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1
apa: Gries, T., Grundmann, R., Palnau, I., & Redlin, M. (2017). Innovations,
growth and participation in advanced economies - a review of major concepts and
findings. International Economics and Economic Policy, 14(2), 293–351.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1
bibtex: '@article{Gries_Grundmann_Palnau_Redlin_2017, title={Innovations, growth
and participation in advanced economies - a review of major concepts and findings},
volume={14}, DOI={10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1},
number={2}, journal={International Economics and Economic Policy}, publisher={Springer
Nature}, author={Gries, T. and Grundmann, R. and Palnau, Irene and Redlin, Margarete},
year={2017}, pages={293–351} }'
chicago: 'Gries, T., R. Grundmann, Irene Palnau, and Margarete Redlin. “Innovations,
Growth and Participation in Advanced Economies - a Review of Major Concepts and
Findings.” International Economics and Economic Policy 14, no. 2 (2017):
293–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1.'
ieee: T. Gries, R. Grundmann, I. Palnau, and M. Redlin, “Innovations, growth and
participation in advanced economies - a review of major concepts and findings,”
International Economics and Economic Policy, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 293–351,
2017.
mla: Gries, T., et al. “Innovations, Growth and Participation in Advanced Economies
- a Review of Major Concepts and Findings.” International Economics and Economic
Policy, vol. 14, no. 2, Springer Nature, 2017, pp. 293–351, doi:10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1.
short: T. Gries, R. Grundmann, I. Palnau, M. Redlin, International Economics and
Economic Policy 14 (2017) 293–351.
date_created: 2018-03-19T13:14:18Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:51:43Z
department:
- _id: '475'
- _id: '200'
- _id: '202'
doi: 10.1007/s10368-016-0371-1
intvolume: ' 14'
issue: '2'
page: 293-351
publication: International Economics and Economic Policy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1612-4804
- 1612-4812
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: Innovations, growth and participation in advanced economies - a review of major
concepts and findings
type: journal_article
user_id: '135'
volume: 14
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '1371'
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Gries, Thomas
id: '186'
last_name: Gries
- first_name: R.
full_name: Grundmann, R.
last_name: Grundmann
- first_name: Irene
full_name: Palnau, Irene
id: '8136'
last_name: Palnau
orcid: 0000-0003-2039-8506
- first_name: Margarete
full_name: Redlin, Margarete
id: '135'
last_name: Redlin
citation:
ama: Gries T, Grundmann R, Palnau I, Redlin M. Technology diffusion, international
integration and participation in developing economies - a review of major concepts
and findings. International Economics and Economic Policy. 2017;15(1):215-253.
doi:10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7
apa: Gries, T., Grundmann, R., Palnau, I., & Redlin, M. (2017). Technology diffusion,
international integration and participation in developing economies - a review
of major concepts and findings. International Economics and Economic Policy,
15(1), 215–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7
bibtex: '@article{Gries_Grundmann_Palnau_Redlin_2017, title={Technology diffusion,
international integration and participation in developing economies - a review
of major concepts and findings}, volume={15}, DOI={10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7},
number={1}, journal={International Economics and Economic Policy}, publisher={Springer
Nature}, author={Gries, Thomas and Grundmann, R. and Palnau, Irene and Redlin,
Margarete}, year={2017}, pages={215–253} }'
chicago: 'Gries, Thomas, R. Grundmann, Irene Palnau, and Margarete Redlin. “Technology
Diffusion, International Integration and Participation in Developing Economies
- a Review of Major Concepts and Findings.” International Economics and Economic
Policy 15, no. 1 (2017): 215–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7.'
ieee: 'T. Gries, R. Grundmann, I. Palnau, and M. Redlin, “Technology diffusion,
international integration and participation in developing economies - a review
of major concepts and findings,” International Economics and Economic Policy,
vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 215–253, 2017, doi: 10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7.'
mla: Gries, Thomas, et al. “Technology Diffusion, International Integration and
Participation in Developing Economies - a Review of Major Concepts and Findings.”
International Economics and Economic Policy, vol. 15, no. 1, Springer Nature,
2017, pp. 215–53, doi:10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7.
short: T. Gries, R. Grundmann, I. Palnau, M. Redlin, International Economics and
Economic Policy 15 (2017) 215–253.
date_created: 2018-03-19T13:13:21Z
date_updated: 2022-08-23T08:26:23Z
department:
- _id: '200'
- _id: '475'
- _id: '202'
doi: 10.1007/s10368-017-0373-7
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 215-253
publication: International Economics and Economic Policy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1612-4804
- 1612-4812
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: Technology diffusion, international integration and participation in developing
economies - a review of major concepts and findings
type: journal_article
user_id: '135'
volume: 15
year: '2017'
...
---
_id: '2521'
author:
- first_name: Claus-Jochen
full_name: Haake, Claus-Jochen
id: '20801'
last_name: Haake
- first_name: Tim
full_name: Krieger, Tim
last_name: Krieger
- first_name: Steffen
full_name: Minter, Steffen
last_name: Minter
citation:
ama: Haake C-J, Krieger T, Minter S. On the institutional design of burden sharing
when financing external border enforcement in the EU. International Economics
and Economic Policy. 2012;10(4):583-612. doi:10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3
apa: Haake, C.-J., Krieger, T., & Minter, S. (2012). On the institutional design
of burden sharing when financing external border enforcement in the EU. International
Economics and Economic Policy, 10(4), 583–612. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3
bibtex: '@article{Haake_Krieger_Minter_2012, title={On the institutional design
of burden sharing when financing external border enforcement in the EU}, volume={10},
DOI={10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3},
number={4}, journal={International Economics and Economic Policy}, publisher={Springer
Nature}, author={Haake, Claus-Jochen and Krieger, Tim and Minter, Steffen}, year={2012},
pages={583–612} }'
chicago: 'Haake, Claus-Jochen, Tim Krieger, and Steffen Minter. “On the Institutional
Design of Burden Sharing When Financing External Border Enforcement in the EU.”
International Economics and Economic Policy 10, no. 4 (2012): 583–612.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3.'
ieee: C.-J. Haake, T. Krieger, and S. Minter, “On the institutional design of burden
sharing when financing external border enforcement in the EU,” International
Economics and Economic Policy, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 583–612, 2012.
mla: Haake, Claus-Jochen, et al. “On the Institutional Design of Burden Sharing
When Financing External Border Enforcement in the EU.” International Economics
and Economic Policy, vol. 10, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2012, pp. 583–612, doi:10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3.
short: C.-J. Haake, T. Krieger, S. Minter, International Economics and Economic
Policy 10 (2012) 583–612.
date_created: 2018-04-26T10:51:03Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:56:55Z
ddc:
- '040'
department:
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- _id: '475'
doi: 10.1007/s10368-012-0226-3
file:
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content_type: application/pdf
creator: cjhaake
date_created: 2018-08-09T10:01:16Z
date_updated: 2018-08-09T10:01:16Z
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file_name: On the institutional design of burden sharing when financing external
border enforcement in the EU.pdf
file_size: 442955
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has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 10'
issue: '4'
language:
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page: 583-612
project:
- _id: '1'
name: SFB 901
- _id: '2'
name: SFB 901 - Project Area A
- _id: '7'
name: SFB 901 - Subproject A3
publication: International Economics and Economic Policy
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1612-4804
- 1612-4812
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
status: public
title: On the institutional design of burden sharing when financing external border
enforcement in the EU
type: journal_article
user_id: '65453'
volume: 10
year: '2012'
...