---
_id: '58853'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n          <jats:p>While being a promising
    approach for the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant, pathogenic
    bacteria, the clinical implementation of phage therapy still faces several challenges.
    One of these challenges lies in the high strain-specificity of most bacteriophages,
    which makes it necessary to screen large phage collections against the target
    pathogens in order to identify suitable candidates for the formulations of personalized
    therapeutic phage cocktails. In this work, we evaluate the potential of quartz
    crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) to identify and detect
    phage infection and subsequent lysis of bacteria immobilized on the surfaces of
    the QCM-D sensors. Using lytic <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> phage
    T7 as a model, we show that phage infection of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
    cells results in various unique alterations in the behaviors of the frequency
    (Δ<jats:italic>f</jats:italic>) and dissipation (Δ<jats:italic>D</jats:italic>)
    signals, which are not observed during exposure of the <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>
    strain to non-infectious <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis</jats:italic> phage phi29
    at similar concentration. To aid future phage screening campaigns, we furthermore
    identify a single measurement parameter, i.e., the spread between the different
    overtones of Δ<jats:italic>D</jats:italic>, that can be used to detect phage-induced
    lysis. For T7 infection of <jats:italic>E. coli</jats:italic>, this is achieved
    within 4 h after inoculation, including immobilization and growth of the bacteria
    on the sensor surface, as well as the completed phage propagation cycle. Given
    the commercial availability of highly automated multichannel systems and the fact
    that this approach does not require any sensor modifications, QCM-D has the potential
    to become a valuable tool for screening medium-sized phage collections against
    target pathogens.</jats:p>\r\n          <jats:p>\r\n            <jats:bold>Graphical
    Abstract</jats:bold>\r\n          </jats:p>"
author:
- first_name: Bhanu K.
  full_name: Pothineni, Bhanu K.
  last_name: Pothineni
- first_name: René
  full_name: Probst, René
  last_name: Probst
- first_name: Dorothee
  full_name: Kiefer, Dorothee
  last_name: Kiefer
- first_name: Verena
  full_name: Dobretzberger, Verena
  last_name: Dobretzberger
- first_name: Ivan
  full_name: Barišić, Ivan
  last_name: Barišić
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Grundmeier, Guido
  id: '194'
  last_name: Grundmeier
- first_name: Adrian
  full_name: Keller, Adrian
  id: '48864'
  last_name: Keller
  orcid: 0000-0001-7139-3110
citation:
  ama: Pothineni BK, Probst R, Kiefer D, et al. Monitoring phage infection and lysis
    of surface-immobilized bacteria by QCM-D. <i>Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry</i>.
    Published online 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>
  apa: Pothineni, B. K., Probst, R., Kiefer, D., Dobretzberger, V., Barišić, I.,
    Grundmeier, G., &#38; Keller, A. (2025). Monitoring phage infection and lysis
    of surface-immobilized bacteria by QCM-D. <i>Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry</i>.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Pothineni_Probst_Kiefer_Dobretzberger_Barišić_Grundmeier_Keller_2025,
    title={Monitoring phage infection and lysis of surface-immobilized bacteria by
    QCM-D}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>},
    journal={Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry}, publisher={Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC}, author={Pothineni, Bhanu K. and Probst, René and Kiefer,
    Dorothee and Dobretzberger, Verena and Barišić, Ivan and Grundmeier, Guido and
    Keller, Adrian}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Pothineni, Bhanu K., René Probst, Dorothee Kiefer, Verena Dobretzberger,
    Ivan Barišić, Guido Grundmeier, and Adrian Keller. “Monitoring Phage Infection
    and Lysis of Surface-Immobilized Bacteria by QCM-D.” <i>Analytical and Bioanalytical
    Chemistry</i>, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>.
  ieee: 'B. K. Pothineni <i>et al.</i>, “Monitoring phage infection and lysis of surface-immobilized
    bacteria by QCM-D,” <i>Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry</i>, 2025, doi:
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>.'
  mla: Pothineni, Bhanu K., et al. “Monitoring Phage Infection and Lysis of Surface-Immobilized
    Bacteria by QCM-D.” <i>Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry</i>, Springer Science
    and Business Media LLC, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5">10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5</a>.
  short: B.K. Pothineni, R. Probst, D. Kiefer, V. Dobretzberger, I. Barišić, G. Grundmeier,
    A. Keller, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (2025).
date_created: 2025-02-26T09:23:19Z
date_updated: 2025-02-26T09:23:43Z
department:
- _id: '302'
doi: 10.1007/s00216-025-05803-5
language:
- iso: eng
publication: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1618-2642
  - 1618-2650
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
status: public
title: Monitoring phage infection and lysis of surface-immobilized bacteria by QCM-D
type: journal_article
user_id: '48864'
year: '2025'
...