---
_id: '62659'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>The growing rise in agricultural activities has resulted in an increase
    in unutilized waste which is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions.
    This has led to a need for sustainable methods to add value to such waste. This
    work focused on the transformation of agricultural waste into usable products
    through alkaline treatment to obtain lignin and cellulose, and the evaluation
    of the derived lignin as a viable carbon precursor in energy storage applications.
    Laser scribing was used as a fast and simple strategy in producing laser-induced
    graphene (LIG) electrodes. Lignin was isolated from wheat straw using sodium hydroxide
    treatment. The pulp from the treatment was subjected to bleaching with sodium
    chlorite followed by acid hydrolysis to extract microcrystalline cellulose. Fourier-transform
    infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy, and Xray diffraction
    were used for characterization of the materials produced. The fabricated supercapacitor
    could achieve an areal capacitance (C<jats:sub>A</jats:sub>) of 5.12 mF/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>
    (0.02 mA/cm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>). This study illustrated the successful valorization
    of wheat straw residue into microcrystalline cellulose and the use of extracted
    lignin in producing graphitic carbon electrodes for supercapacitors.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Samuel
  full_name: Katwesigye, Samuel
  last_name: Katwesigye
- first_name: Mohamed E.
  full_name: El-Khouly, Mohamed E.
  last_name: El-Khouly
- first_name: Nieves
  full_name: Lopez Salas, Nieves
  last_name: Lopez Salas
- first_name: Ahmed S.G.
  full_name: Khalil, Ahmed S.G.
  last_name: Khalil
citation:
  ama: Katwesigye S, El-Khouly ME, Lopez Salas N, Khalil ASG. Sustainable Development
    of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors through Laser Scribing of Agrowaste
    Derived Lignin. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. 2025;1152:115-120. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>
  apa: Katwesigye, S., El-Khouly, M. E., Lopez Salas, N., &#38; Khalil, A. S. G. (2025).
    Sustainable Development of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors through Laser
    Scribing of Agrowaste Derived Lignin. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>1152</i>,
    115–120. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Katwesigye_El-Khouly_Lopez Salas_Khalil_2025, title={Sustainable
    Development of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors through Laser Scribing
    of Agrowaste Derived Lignin}, volume={1152}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.},
    author={Katwesigye, Samuel and El-Khouly, Mohamed E. and Lopez Salas, Nieves and
    Khalil, Ahmed S.G.}, year={2025}, pages={115–120} }'
  chicago: 'Katwesigye, Samuel, Mohamed E. El-Khouly, Nieves Lopez Salas, and Ahmed
    S.G. Khalil. “Sustainable Development of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors
    through Laser Scribing of Agrowaste Derived Lignin.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>
    1152 (2025): 115–20. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Katwesigye, M. E. El-Khouly, N. Lopez Salas, and A. S. G. Khalil, “Sustainable
    Development of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors through Laser Scribing
    of Agrowaste Derived Lignin,” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 1152, pp. 115–120,
    2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>.'
  mla: Katwesigye, Samuel, et al. “Sustainable Development of Graphene Electrodes
    for Supercapacitors through Laser Scribing of Agrowaste Derived Lignin.” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 1152, Trans Tech Publications, Ltd., 2025, pp. 115–20,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/p-fgw0gq">10.4028/p-fgw0gq</a>.
  short: S. Katwesigye, M.E. El-Khouly, N. Lopez Salas, A.S.G. Khalil, Materials Science
    Forum 1152 (2025) 115–120.
date_created: 2025-11-27T13:14:37Z
date_updated: 2026-01-08T13:03:12Z
doi: 10.4028/p-fgw0gq
intvolume: '      1152'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 115-120
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications, Ltd.
status: public
title: Sustainable Development of Graphene Electrodes for Supercapacitors through
  Laser Scribing of Agrowaste Derived Lignin
type: journal_article
user_id: '98120'
volume: 1152
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '23907'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>One of the strategies employed to lower weight and to decrease material
    consumption is reducing part thickness itself. Thus, functionally graded materials
    in which structural reinforcement is adjusted locally, are of great interest.
    With regard to conventional industrial processes, such as extrusion or flexible
    cold rolling, thickness variations can only be achieved either longitudinally
    or through the cross-section of the semi-finished products. Hence, a combined
    thickness variation (along both axes) is difficult to generate solely by extrusion
    or rolling. A simultaneous thickness variation in both directions, however, would
    enable further weight savings in structural components such as car body parts.
    In this study, a promising approach with extruded shapes, serving as a billet
    for a flexible hot rolling process, is elaborated upon. By employing the described
    process modification, shapes with simultaneous thickness variations in longitudinal
    as well as in transverse direction are feasible. Initial numerical analysis reveals
    the weight-saving potential of using these semi-finished products for structural
    parts in a car body. A demonstration of the production process for the semi-finished
    parts and the occurring challenges are discussed. To verify and adjust the new
    technology, a numerical model of the flexible hot rolling process has been created
    based on the finite element software QForm VX. This model is also employed for
    tool design optimization to produce semi-finished components with the required
    geometrical quality. Finally, the results of hot rolling experiments conducted
    using the adjusted roll design are presented.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Olexandr
  full_name: Grydin, Olexandr
  id: '43822'
  last_name: Grydin
- first_name: Nikolay
  full_name: Sotirov, Nikolay
  last_name: Sotirov
- first_name: Andrii
  full_name: Samsonenko, Andrii
  last_name: Samsonenko
- first_name: Nikolay
  full_name: Biba, Nikolay
  last_name: Biba
- first_name: Anatolii
  full_name: Andreiev, Anatolii
  id: '50215'
  last_name: Andreiev
- first_name: Mykhailo
  full_name: Stolbchenko, Mykhailo
  last_name: Stolbchenko
- first_name: Teresa
  full_name: Behr, Teresa
  last_name: Behr
- first_name: Iaroslav
  full_name: Frolov, Iaroslav
  last_name: Frolov
- first_name: Mirko
  full_name: Schaper, Mirko
  id: '43720'
  last_name: Schaper
citation:
  ama: Grydin O, Sotirov N, Samsonenko A, et al. Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded
    Shapes of Aluminum Alloy EN AW-6082. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. Published
    online 2019:85-92. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>
  apa: Grydin, O., Sotirov, N., Samsonenko, A., Biba, N., Andreiev, A., Stolbchenko,
    M., Behr, T., Frolov, I., &#38; Schaper, M. (2019). Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded
    Shapes of Aluminum Alloy EN AW-6082. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, 85–92. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Grydin_Sotirov_Samsonenko_Biba_Andreiev_Stolbchenko_Behr_Frolov_Schaper_2019,
    title={Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded Shapes of Aluminum Alloy EN AW-6082},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, author={Grydin, Olexandr and Sotirov, Nikolay
    and Samsonenko, Andrii and Biba, Nikolay and Andreiev, Anatolii and Stolbchenko,
    Mykhailo and Behr, Teresa and Frolov, Iaroslav and Schaper, Mirko}, year={2019},
    pages={85–92} }'
  chicago: Grydin, Olexandr, Nikolay Sotirov, Andrii Samsonenko, Nikolay Biba, Anatolii
    Andreiev, Mykhailo Stolbchenko, Teresa Behr, Iaroslav Frolov, and Mirko Schaper.
    “Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded Shapes of Aluminum Alloy EN AW-6082.” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, 2019, 85–92. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>.
  ieee: 'O. Grydin <i>et al.</i>, “Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded Shapes of Aluminum
    Alloy EN AW-6082,” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, pp. 85–92, 2019, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>.'
  mla: Grydin, Olexandr, et al. “Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded Shapes of Aluminum
    Alloy EN AW-6082.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, 2019, pp. 85–92, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85</a>.
  short: O. Grydin, N. Sotirov, A. Samsonenko, N. Biba, A. Andreiev, M. Stolbchenko,
    T. Behr, I. Frolov, M. Schaper, Materials Science Forum (2019) 85–92.
date_created: 2021-09-08T07:31:34Z
date_updated: 2023-06-01T14:28:28Z
department:
- _id: '158'
- _id: '321'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.949.85
language:
- iso: eng
page: 85-92
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Flexible Hot Rolling of Extruded Shapes of Aluminum Alloy EN AW-6082
type: journal_article
user_id: '43720'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '21457'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>This paper presents the finite element model developed for the simulation
    of pipe elbow production by the so-called ‘Hamburg process’ in order to improve
    productivity and resource efficiency. To optimize the tooling design, a sensitivity
    analysis of the tool parameters that influence the quality of pipe elbows, such
    as mandrel height and length, is conducted. Different materials data sets including
    damage models were considered. Using numerical simulations, it is possible to
    determine an optimized tool geometry for the production of specific pipe elbow
    dimensions. Furthermore, as a result of the experiments and numerical simulations
    conducted, it is possible to increase the production velocity of the serial plant.
    Along with deformation, damage models are included in simulations in order to
    identify the right process boundaries. Finally, an experimentally validated model
    is developed for increasing resource efficiency in pipe elbow fabrication.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Diekmann, Uwe
  last_name: Diekmann
- first_name: Werner
  full_name: Homberg, Werner
  id: '233'
  last_name: Homberg
- first_name: Jens
  full_name: Prehm, Jens
  last_name: Prehm
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Rostek, Tim
  id: '3469'
  last_name: Rostek
- first_name: Nils
  full_name: Schönhoff, Nils
  last_name: Schönhoff
- first_name: Dmitri
  full_name: Tabakajew, Dmitri
  last_name: Tabakajew
- first_name: Andreea
  full_name: Trasca, Andreea
  last_name: Trasca
- first_name: Haris
  full_name: Uysal, Haris
  last_name: Uysal
citation:
  ama: 'Diekmann U, Homberg W, Prehm J, et al. Optimization of Tooling Design for
    Hot Mandrel Bending of Pipe Elbows. In: <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. Vol 918.
    Trans Tech Publications Ltd; 2018:159-164. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>'
  apa: Diekmann, U., Homberg, W., Prehm, J., Rostek, T., Schönhoff, N., Tabakajew,
    D., Trasca, A., &#38; Uysal, H. (2018). Optimization of Tooling Design for Hot
    Mandrel Bending of Pipe Elbows. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>918</i>, 159–164.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Diekmann_Homberg_Prehm_Rostek_Schönhoff_Tabakajew_Trasca_Uysal_2018,
    title={Optimization of Tooling Design for Hot Mandrel Bending of Pipe Elbows},
    volume={918}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>},
    booktitle={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications Ltd},
    author={Diekmann, Uwe and Homberg, Werner and Prehm, Jens and Rostek, Tim and
    Schönhoff, Nils and Tabakajew, Dmitri and Trasca, Andreea and Uysal, Haris}, year={2018},
    pages={159–164} }'
  chicago: Diekmann, Uwe, Werner Homberg, Jens Prehm, Tim Rostek, Nils Schönhoff,
    Dmitri Tabakajew, Andreea Trasca, and Haris Uysal. “Optimization of Tooling Design
    for Hot Mandrel Bending of Pipe Elbows.” In <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, 918:159–64.
    Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>.
  ieee: 'U. Diekmann <i>et al.</i>, “Optimization of Tooling Design for Hot Mandrel
    Bending of Pipe Elbows,” in <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, 2018, vol. 918, pp.
    159–164, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>.'
  mla: Diekmann, Uwe, et al. “Optimization of Tooling Design for Hot Mandrel Bending
    of Pipe Elbows.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 918, Trans Tech Publications
    Ltd, 2018, pp. 159–64, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159</a>.
  short: 'U. Diekmann, W. Homberg, J. Prehm, T. Rostek, N. Schönhoff, D. Tabakajew,
    A. Trasca, H. Uysal, in: Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publications Ltd,
    2018, pp. 159–164.'
date_created: 2021-03-11T16:26:48Z
date_updated: 2023-04-27T08:45:06Z
department:
- _id: '156'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.918.159
intvolume: '       918'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 159-164
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications Ltd
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Optimization of Tooling Design for Hot Mandrel Bending of Pipe Elbows
type: conference
user_id: '3469'
volume: 918
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '4064'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "An anisotropic etching process for mesa structures using fluorinated plasma
    with\r\nhydrogen addition was developed in an electron cyclotron resonance setup.
    The evolution of the\r\nmesa morphology was studied in dependence on the gas composition,
    the applied bias and the\r\npressure. The achieved side wall slope approached
    90° with a negligible trenching. The aspect ratios\r\nof the fabricated structure
    in the developed residue free ECR plasma etching process were between\r\n5 and
    20."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lars
  full_name: Hiller, Lars
  last_name: Hiller
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Stauden, Thomas
  last_name: Stauden
- first_name: Ricarda M.
  full_name: Kemper, Ricarda M.
  last_name: Kemper
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Lindner, Jörg
  id: '20797'
  last_name: Lindner
- first_name: Donat J.
  full_name: As, Donat J.
  id: '14'
  last_name: As
  orcid: 0000-0003-1121-3565
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Pezoldt, Jörg
  last_name: Pezoldt
citation:
  ama: Hiller L, Stauden T, Kemper RM, Lindner J, As DJ, Pezoldt J. Hydrogen Effects
    in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>.
    2014;778-780:730-733. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>
  apa: Hiller, L., Stauden, T., Kemper, R. M., Lindner, J., As, D. J., &#38; Pezoldt,
    J. (2014). Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures. <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, <i>778–780</i>, 730–733. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Hiller_Stauden_Kemper_Lindner_As_Pezoldt_2014, title={Hydrogen
    Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures}, volume={778–780}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Hiller,
    Lars and Stauden, Thomas and Kemper, Ricarda M. and Lindner, Jörg and As, Donat
    J. and Pezoldt, Jörg}, year={2014}, pages={730–733} }'
  chicago: 'Hiller, Lars, Thomas Stauden, Ricarda M. Kemper, Jörg Lindner, Donat J.
    As, and Jörg Pezoldt. “Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures.”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 778–780 (2014): 730–33. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>.'
  ieee: 'L. Hiller, T. Stauden, R. M. Kemper, J. Lindner, D. J. As, and J. Pezoldt,
    “Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures,” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 778–780, pp. 730–733, 2014, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>.'
  mla: Hiller, Lars, et al. “Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures.”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 778–780, Trans Tech Publications, 2014, pp.
    730–33, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730</a>.
  short: L. Hiller, T. Stauden, R.M. Kemper, J. Lindner, D.J. As, J. Pezoldt, Materials
    Science Forum 778–780 (2014) 730–733.
date_created: 2018-08-22T12:17:30Z
date_updated: 2023-10-09T09:08:12Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '286'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.778-780.730
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hclaudia
  date_created: 2018-08-22T12:20:24Z
  date_updated: 2018-08-22T12:20:24Z
  file_id: '4065'
  file_name: 2014_Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures.pdf
  file_size: 882721
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-08-22T12:20:24Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 730-733
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: Hydrogen Effects in ECR-Etching of 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 778-780
year: '2014'
...
---
_id: '4116'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Anisotropic etching processes for mesa structure formation using fluorinated
    plasma\r\natmospheres in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma etcher were
    studied on Novasic\r\nsubstrates with 10 μm thick 3C-SiC(100) grown on Si(100).
    To achieve reasonable etching rates, a\r\nspecial gas inlet system suitable for
    injecting SF6 into the high density downstream Ar ECR plasma\r\nwas designed.
    The influence of the etching mask material on the sidewall morphology was\r\ninvestigated.
    Masking materials with small grain sizes are preferable to achieve a desired shape.\r\nThe
    evolution of the mesa form was investigated in dependence on the gas composition,
    the applied\r\nbias, the pressure and the composition of the gas atmosphere. The
    achieved sidewall slope was 84.5\r\ndeg. The aspect ratios of the fabricated structures
    in the developed residue free ECR plasma etching\r\nprocess were between 5 and
    10. Mesa structures aligned to [100] and [110] directions were\r\nfabricated."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lars
  full_name: Hiller, Lars
  last_name: Hiller
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Stauden, Thomas
  last_name: Stauden
- first_name: Ricarda M.
  full_name: Kemper, Ricarda M.
  last_name: Kemper
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Lindner, Jörg
  id: '20797'
  last_name: Lindner
- first_name: Donat J.
  full_name: As, Donat J.
  id: '14'
  last_name: As
  orcid: 0000-0003-1121-3565
- first_name: Jörg
  full_name: Pezoldt, Jörg
  last_name: Pezoldt
citation:
  ama: Hiller L, Stauden T, Kemper RM, Lindner J, As DJ, Pezoldt J. ECR-Ectching of
    Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures. <i>Materials Science
    Forum</i>. 2012;717-720:901-904. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>
  apa: Hiller, L., Stauden, T., Kemper, R. M., Lindner, J., As, D. J., &#38; Pezoldt,
    J. (2012). ECR-Ectching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures.
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>717–720</i>, 901–904. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Hiller_Stauden_Kemper_Lindner_As_Pezoldt_2012, title={ECR-Ectching
    of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures}, volume={717–720},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Hiller,
    Lars and Stauden, Thomas and Kemper, Ricarda M. and Lindner, Jörg and As, Donat
    J. and Pezoldt, Jörg}, year={2012}, pages={901–904} }'
  chicago: 'Hiller, Lars, Thomas Stauden, Ricarda M. Kemper, Jörg Lindner, Donat J.
    As, and Jörg Pezoldt. “ECR-Ectching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100)
    Mesa Structures.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 717–720 (2012): 901–4. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>.'
  ieee: 'L. Hiller, T. Stauden, R. M. Kemper, J. Lindner, D. J. As, and J. Pezoldt,
    “ECR-Ectching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures,” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 717–720, pp. 901–904, 2012, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>.'
  mla: Hiller, Lars, et al. “ECR-Ectching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100)
    Mesa Structures.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 717–720, Trans Tech Publications,
    2012, pp. 901–04, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901</a>.
  short: L. Hiller, T. Stauden, R.M. Kemper, J. Lindner, D.J. As, J. Pezoldt, Materials
    Science Forum 717–720 (2012) 901–904.
conference:
  location: Cleveland (USA)
  name: International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials (ICSCRM)
    2011
date_created: 2018-08-23T13:35:20Z
date_updated: 2023-10-09T09:09:13Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '286'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.717-720.901
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hclaudia
  date_created: 2018-08-23T13:37:42Z
  date_updated: 2018-08-23T13:37:42Z
  file_id: '4117'
  file_name: ECR-etching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures.pdf
  file_size: 1309453
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-08-23T13:37:42Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 901-904
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: ECR-Ectching of Submicron and Nanometer Sized 3C-SiC(100) Mesa Structures
type: journal_article
user_id: '14931'
volume: 717-720
year: '2012'
...
---
_id: '4216'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "In non-annealed 6H-SiC samples that were electron irradiated at room temperature,
    a new\r\nEPR signal due to a S=1 defect center with exceptionally large zero-field
    splitting (D = +652·10-4\r\ncm-1) has been observed under illumination. A positive
    sign of D demonstrates that the spin-orbit\r\ncontribution to the zero-field splitting
    exceeds by far that of the spin-spin interaction. A principal\r\naxis of the fine
    structure tilted by 59° against the crystal c-axis as well as the exceptionally
    high\r\nzero-field splitting D can be qualitatively understood by the occurrence
    of additional close-lying\r\ndefect levels in defect clusters resulting in comparatively
    large second-order spin-orbit coupling. A\r\ntentative assignment to vacancy clusters
    is supported by the observed annealing behavior."
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Scholle, Andreas
  last_name: Scholle
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Rauls, Eva
  last_name: Rauls
- first_name: Wolf Gero
  full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
  last_name: Gerstmann
citation:
  ama: Scholle A, Greulich-Weber S, Rauls E, Schmidt WG, Gerstmann U. Fine Structure
    of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC. <i>Materials Science
    Forum</i>. 2010;645-648:403-406. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>
  apa: Scholle, A., Greulich-Weber, S., Rauls, E., Schmidt, W. G., &#38; Gerstmann,
    U. (2010). Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC.
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>645</i>–<i>648</i>, 403–406. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Scholle_Greulich-Weber_Rauls_Schmidt_Gerstmann_2010, title={Fine
    Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC}, volume={645–648},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Scholle,
    Andreas and Greulich-Weber, Siegmund and Rauls, Eva and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and
    Gerstmann, Uwe}, year={2010}, pages={403–406} }'
  chicago: 'Scholle, Andreas, Siegmund Greulich-Weber, Eva Rauls, Wolf Gero Schmidt,
    and Uwe Gerstmann. “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated
    6H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 645–648 (2010): 403–6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>.'
  ieee: A. Scholle, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls, W. G. Schmidt, and U. Gerstmann,
    “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC,” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 645–648, pp. 403–406, 2010.
  mla: Scholle, Andreas, et al. “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature
    Irradiated 6H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 645–648, Trans Tech Publications,
    2010, pp. 403–06, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>.
  short: A. Scholle, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls, W.G. Schmidt, U. Gerstmann, Materials
    Science Forum 645–648 (2010) 403–406.
date_created: 2018-08-28T12:53:50Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:00:38Z
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403
file:
- access_level: closed
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: hclaudia
  date_created: 2018-08-28T12:54:26Z
  date_updated: 2018-08-28T12:54:26Z
  file_id: '4217'
  file_name: Fine structure of triplet centers in room temperature irradiated 6H-SiC.pdf
  file_size: 583484
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2018-08-28T12:54:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 403-406
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC
type: journal_article
user_id: '55706'
volume: 645-648
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '13837'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>In non-annealed 6H-SiC samples that were electron irradiated at room
    temperature, a new EPR signal due to a S=1 defect center with exceptionally large
    zero-field splitting (D = +652•10-4 cm-1) has been observed under illumination.
    A positive sign of D demonstrates that the spin-orbit contribution to the zero-field
    splitting exceeds by far that of the spin-spin interaction. A principal axis of
    the fine structure tilted by 59° against the crystal c-axis as well as the exceptionally
    high zero-field splitting D can be qualitatively understood by the occurrence
    of additional close-lying defect levels in defect clusters resulting in comparatively
    large second-order spin-orbit coup¬ling. A tentative assignment to vacancy clusters
    is supported by the observed annealing behavior.  </jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Scholle, Andreas
  last_name: Scholle
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Rauls, Eva
  last_name: Rauls
- first_name: Wolf Gero
  full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
  id: '468'
  last_name: Schmidt
  orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
  id: '171'
  last_name: Gerstmann
  orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
citation:
  ama: Scholle A, Greulich-Weber S, Rauls E, Schmidt WG, Gerstmann U. Fine Structure
    of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC. <i>Materials Science
    Forum</i>. 2010;645-648:403-406. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>
  apa: Scholle, A., Greulich-Weber, S., Rauls, E., Schmidt, W. G., &#38; Gerstmann,
    U. (2010). Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC.
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>645–648</i>, 403–406. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Scholle_Greulich-Weber_Rauls_Schmidt_Gerstmann_2010, title={Fine
    Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC}, volume={645–648},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, author={Scholle, Andreas and Greulich-Weber,
    Siegmund and Rauls, Eva and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Gerstmann, Uwe}, year={2010},
    pages={403–406} }'
  chicago: 'Scholle, Andreas, Siegmund Greulich-Weber, Eva Rauls, Wolf Gero Schmidt,
    and Uwe Gerstmann. “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated
    6H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 645–648 (2010): 403–6. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Scholle, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls, W. G. Schmidt, and U. Gerstmann,
    “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC,” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 645–648, pp. 403–406, 2010, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>.'
  mla: Scholle, Andreas, et al. “Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature
    Irradiated 6H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 645–648, 2010, pp. 403–06,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403</a>.
  short: A. Scholle, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls, W.G. Schmidt, U. Gerstmann, Materials
    Science Forum 645–648 (2010) 403–406.
date_created: 2019-10-15T07:44:38Z
date_updated: 2025-12-16T07:45:12Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '790'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '230'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.645-648.403
language:
- iso: eng
page: 403-406
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Fine Structure of Triplet Centers in Room Temperature Irradiated 6H-SiC
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 645-648
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '4219'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The solar cell concept presented here is based on 3C-SiC nano- or microwires
    and conju¬gated polymers. Therefore the silicon carbide wires are fabricated by
    a sol-gel route including a car-bothermal reduction step, allowing growth with
    predetermined uniform diameters between 0.1 and 2μm and lengths up to several
    centimetres. The design of our photovoltaic device is therein based on a p-i-n
    structure, well known e.g. from silicon photovoltaics, involving an intrinsic
    semiconduc¬tor as the central photoactive layer, sandwiched between two complementary
    doped wide-bandgap semiconductors giving the driving force for charge separation.
    In our case the 3C-SiC microwires act as the electron acceptor and simultaneously
    as carrier material for all involved components of the photovoltaic element. '
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: M.
  full_name: Zöller, M.
  last_name: Zöller
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Friedel, B.
  last_name: Friedel
citation:
  ama: Greulich-Weber S, Zöller M, Friedel B. Textile Solar Cells Based on SiC Microwires.
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. 2009;615-617:239-242. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239</a>
  apa: Greulich-Weber, S., Zöller, M., &#38; Friedel, B. (2009). Textile Solar Cells
    Based on SiC Microwires. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>615</i>–<i>617</i>,
    239–242. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Greulich-Weber_Zöller_Friedel_2009, title={Textile Solar Cells
    Based on SiC Microwires}, volume={615–617}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Greulich-Weber,
    Siegmund and Zöller, M. and Friedel, B.}, year={2009}, pages={239–242} }'
  chicago: 'Greulich-Weber, Siegmund, M. Zöller, and B. Friedel. “Textile Solar Cells
    Based on SiC Microwires.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 615–617 (2009): 239–42.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239</a>.'
  ieee: S. Greulich-Weber, M. Zöller, and B. Friedel, “Textile Solar Cells Based on
    SiC Microwires,” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, pp. 239–242, 2009.
  mla: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund, et al. “Textile Solar Cells Based on SiC Microwires.”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, Trans Tech Publications, 2009, pp.
    239–42, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239</a>.
  short: S. Greulich-Weber, M. Zöller, B. Friedel, Materials Science Forum 615–617
    (2009) 239–242.
date_created: 2018-08-28T13:00:44Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:00:38Z
department:
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.239
language:
- iso: eng
page: 239-242
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: Textile Solar Cells Based on SiC Microwires
type: journal_article
user_id: '55706'
volume: 615-617
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '4220'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'We report on constructive methods providing a large range of high purity
    porous SiC products. All methods are based on modified sol-gel processes combined
    with carbothermal re¬duction. We obtain monodisperse regular pores of well defined
    diameters by using carbon sphere templates which are removed after SiC infiltration.
    A different way is a sol-gel based conversion of graphite bodies into SiC, which
    transfers the porosity from the graphite matrix into the final SiC product. Thus
    a large variety of porosity features are available, originating either from natural
    poro¬sity of graphite or from priorly created nano-/ microstructures in the carbonaceous
    base material. Whereas all our pristine porous sol-gel derived silicon carbide
    products are semi-insulating, doping is possible, during the growth to modifiy
    the electrical and optical properties. '
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Friedel, B.
  last_name: Friedel
citation:
  ama: Greulich-Weber S, Friedel B. Bottom-Up Routes to Porous Silicon Carbide. <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>. 2009;615-617:637-640. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637</a>
  apa: Greulich-Weber, S., &#38; Friedel, B. (2009). Bottom-Up Routes to Porous Silicon
    Carbide. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>615</i>–<i>617</i>, 637–640. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Greulich-Weber_Friedel_2009, title={Bottom-Up Routes to Porous
    Silicon Carbide}, volume={615–617}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Greulich-Weber,
    Siegmund and Friedel, B.}, year={2009}, pages={637–640} }'
  chicago: 'Greulich-Weber, Siegmund, and B. Friedel. “Bottom-Up Routes to Porous
    Silicon Carbide.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 615–617 (2009): 637–40. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637</a>.'
  ieee: S. Greulich-Weber and B. Friedel, “Bottom-Up Routes to Porous Silicon Carbide,”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, pp. 637–640, 2009.
  mla: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund, and B. Friedel. “Bottom-Up Routes to Porous Silicon
    Carbide.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, Trans Tech Publications,
    2009, pp. 637–40, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637</a>.
  short: S. Greulich-Weber, B. Friedel, Materials Science Forum 615–617 (2009) 637–640.
date_created: 2018-08-28T13:02:05Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:00:38Z
department:
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.637
language:
- iso: eng
page: 637-640
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: Bottom-Up Routes to Porous Silicon Carbide
type: journal_article
user_id: '55706'
volume: 615-617
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '4225'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: EPR and ESE in nitrogen doped 4H- and 6H-SiC show besides the well known triplet
    lines of 14N on quasi-cubic (Nc,k) and hexagonal (Nc,h) sites additional lines
    (Nx) of comparatively low intensity providing half the hf splitting of Nc,k. Frequently
    re-interpreted as spin-forbidden lines, arising from Nc,k pairs and triads or
    resulting from hopping conductivity, only recently the theoretical calculation
    of the corresponding g-tensors lead to a tentative model of distant NC donor pairs
    on inequivalent lattice sites which are coupled to S = 1 assuming a fine-structure
    splitting too small to be observed in the EPR and ESE experiments. In this work,
    we present ESE nutation measurements confirming S = 1 for the Nx center. Analysing
    the nutation frequencies in comparison with that of the Nc,k (S = 1/2) spectrum
    as well as the line width of ESE and EPR spectra we obtain a rough estimate between
    5×104 cm-1 and 50×104 cm-1 for the fine-structure splitting demonstrating efficient
    spin-coupling between nitrogen donors in 4H-SiC.
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: D.V.
  full_name: Savchenko, D.V.
  last_name: Savchenko
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Pöppl, Andreas
  last_name: Pöppl
- first_name: Ekaterina N.
  full_name: Kalabukhova, Ekaterina N.
  last_name: Kalabukhova
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Rauls, Eva
  last_name: Rauls
- first_name: Wolf Gero
  full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
  last_name: Schmidt
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
  last_name: Gerstmann
citation:
  ama: Savchenko DV, Pöppl A, Kalabukhova EN, et al. Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. 2009;615-617:343-346. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>
  apa: Savchenko, D. V., Pöppl, A., Kalabukhova, E. N., Greulich-Weber, S., Rauls,
    E., Schmidt, W. G., &#38; Gerstmann, U. (2009). Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>615</i>–<i>617</i>, 343–346. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Savchenko_Pöppl_Kalabukhova_Greulich-Weber_Rauls_Schmidt_Gerstmann_2009,
    title={Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC}, volume={615–617}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, publisher={Trans Tech Publications}, author={Savchenko,
    D.V. and Pöppl, Andreas and Kalabukhova, Ekaterina N. and Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
    and Rauls, Eva and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Gerstmann, Uwe}, year={2009}, pages={343–346}
    }'
  chicago: 'Savchenko, D.V., Andreas Pöppl, Ekaterina N. Kalabukhova, Siegmund Greulich-Weber,
    Eva Rauls, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and Uwe Gerstmann. “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 615–617 (2009): 343–46. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>.'
  ieee: D. V. Savchenko <i>et al.</i>, “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC,”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, pp. 343–346, 2009.
  mla: Savchenko, D. V., et al. “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC.”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, Trans Tech Publications, 2009, pp.
    343–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>.
  short: D.V. Savchenko, A. Pöppl, E.N. Kalabukhova, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls,
    W.G. Schmidt, U. Gerstmann, Materials Science Forum 615–617 (2009) 343–346.
date_created: 2018-08-28T13:09:27Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T07:00:39Z
department:
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343
language:
- iso: eng
page: 343-346
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
publisher: Trans Tech Publications
status: public
title: Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC
type: journal_article
user_id: '55706'
volume: 615-617
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '13844'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>EPR and ESE in nitrogen doped 4H- and 6H-SiC show besides the well
    known triplet lines of 14N on quasi-cubic (Nc,k) and hexagonal (Nc,h) sites additional
    lines (Nx) of comparatively low intensity providing half the hf splitting of Nc,k.
    Frequently re-interpreted as spin-forbid¬den lines, arising from Nc,k pairs and
    triads or resulting from hopping conductivity, only re¬cent¬ly the theoretical
    calculation of the corresponding g-tensors lead to a tentative model of distant
    NC donor pairs on inequivalent lattice sites which are coupled to S = 1 assuming
    a fine-struc¬ture splitting too small to be observed in the EPR and ESE experiments.
    In this work, we pre¬sent ESE nutation measurements confirming S = 1 for the Nx
    center. Analysing the nutation frequencies in comparison with that of the Nc,k
    (S = 1/2) spectrum as well as the line width of ESE and EPR spectra we obtain
    a rough estimate between 5104 cm-1 and 50104 cm-1 for the fine-structure splitting
    demonstrating efficient spin-coupling between nitrogen donors in 4H-SiC.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: D.V.
  full_name: Savchenko, D.V.
  last_name: Savchenko
- first_name: Andreas
  full_name: Pöppl, Andreas
  last_name: Pöppl
- first_name: Ekaterina N.
  full_name: Kalabukhova, Ekaterina N.
  last_name: Kalabukhova
- first_name: Siegmund
  full_name: Greulich-Weber, Siegmund
  last_name: Greulich-Weber
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Rauls, Eva
  last_name: Rauls
- first_name: Wolf Gero
  full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
  id: '468'
  last_name: Schmidt
  orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: Uwe
  full_name: Gerstmann, Uwe
  id: '171'
  last_name: Gerstmann
  orcid: 0000-0002-4476-223X
citation:
  ama: Savchenko DV, Pöppl A, Kalabukhova EN, et al. Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>. 2009;615-617:343-346. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>
  apa: Savchenko, D. V., Pöppl, A., Kalabukhova, E. N., Greulich-Weber, S., Rauls,
    E., Schmidt, W. G., &#38; Gerstmann, U. (2009). Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>615–617</i>, 343–346. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Savchenko_Pöppl_Kalabukhova_Greulich-Weber_Rauls_Schmidt_Gerstmann_2009,
    title={Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC}, volume={615–617}, DOI={<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, author={Savchenko, D.V. and Pöppl, Andreas
    and Kalabukhova, Ekaterina N. and Greulich-Weber, Siegmund and Rauls, Eva and
    Schmidt, Wolf Gero and Gerstmann, Uwe}, year={2009}, pages={343–346} }'
  chicago: 'Savchenko, D.V., Andreas Pöppl, Ekaterina N. Kalabukhova, Siegmund Greulich-Weber,
    Eva Rauls, Wolf Gero Schmidt, and Uwe Gerstmann. “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped
    4H-SiC.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 615–617 (2009): 343–46. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>.'
  ieee: 'D. V. Savchenko <i>et al.</i>, “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC,”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, pp. 343–346, 2009, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>.'
  mla: Savchenko, D. V., et al. “Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC.”
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol. 615–617, 2009, pp. 343–46, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343</a>.
  short: D.V. Savchenko, A. Pöppl, E.N. Kalabukhova, S. Greulich-Weber, E. Rauls,
    W.G. Schmidt, U. Gerstmann, Materials Science Forum 615–617 (2009) 343–346.
date_created: 2019-10-15T07:58:04Z
date_updated: 2025-12-16T07:42:04Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '790'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '230'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.615-617.343
funded_apc: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 343-346
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Spin-Coupling in Heavily Nitrogen-Doped 4H-SiC
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 615-617
year: '2009'
...
---
_id: '15955'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "<jats:p>The present paper reports on the effect of texture on the cyclic
    stress-strain response\r\n(CSSR) and the fatigue life of ultrafine-grained (UFG)
    interstitial-free (IF) steel. Tests in the lowcycle\r\nfatigue (LCF) regime were
    conducted on material that was processed by the equal channel\r\nangular extrusion
    (ECAE) technique along the so called “efficient” route 8E. This route has been\r\nshown
    to result in a homogeneous microstructure with a high fraction of high angle grain\r\nboundaries
    (HAGBs), which are beneficial for a stable CSSR. In addition, the evolution of
    the\r\nmicrostructure was characterized by means of electron optical techniques,
    including electron\r\nbackscattered diffraction, and by X-Ray diffractometry.
    It was found that the initial texture of\r\nspecimens cut from the ECAE billet
    along different orientations with respect to the extrusion\r\ndirection (ED) has
    a substantial effect on the CSSR of the UFG IF steel. Furthermore, microscopy\r\nresults
    indicated the notable influence of the last ECAE processing step on the evolution
    of damage\r\nin the material.</jats:p>"
author:
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Niendorf, Thomas
  last_name: Niendorf
- first_name: Thorsten
  full_name: Marten, Thorsten
  id: '338'
  last_name: Marten
- first_name: Hans J.
  full_name: Maier, Hans J.
  last_name: Maier
- first_name: Ibrahim
  full_name: Karaman, Ibrahim
  last_name: Karaman
citation:
  ama: Niendorf T, Marten T, Maier HJ, Karaman I. The Effect of Texture on the Fatigue
    Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free Steel. <i>Materials Science
    Forum</i>. 2008;584-586:864-869. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864</a>
  apa: Niendorf, T., Marten, T., Maier, H. J., &#38; Karaman, I. (2008). The Effect
    of Texture on the Fatigue Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free Steel.
    <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>584</i>–<i>586</i>, 864–869. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Niendorf_Marten_Maier_Karaman_2008, title={The Effect of Texture
    on the Fatigue Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free Steel}, volume={584–586},
    DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, author={Niendorf, Thomas and Marten, Thorsten
    and Maier, Hans J. and Karaman, Ibrahim}, year={2008}, pages={864–869} }'
  chicago: 'Niendorf, Thomas, Thorsten Marten, Hans J. Maier, and Ibrahim Karaman.
    “The Effect of Texture on the Fatigue Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free
    Steel.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i> 584–586 (2008): 864–69. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864</a>.'
  ieee: T. Niendorf, T. Marten, H. J. Maier, and I. Karaman, “The Effect of Texture
    on the Fatigue Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free Steel,” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>, vol. 584–586, pp. 864–869, 2008.
  mla: Niendorf, Thomas, et al. “The Effect of Texture on the Fatigue Properties of
    Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free Steel.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, vol.
    584–586, 2008, pp. 864–69, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864</a>.
  short: T. Niendorf, T. Marten, H.J. Maier, I. Karaman, Materials Science Forum 584–586
    (2008) 864–869.
date_created: 2020-02-21T13:41:59Z
date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:52:41Z
department:
- _id: '9'
- _id: '321'
- _id: '149'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.584-586.864
language:
- iso: eng
page: 864-869
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
status: public
title: The Effect of Texture on the Fatigue Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Interstitial-Free
  Steel
type: journal_article
user_id: '72008'
volume: 584-586
year: '2008'
...
---
_id: '13859'
author:
- first_name: R.W.N.
  full_name: Nilen, R.W.N.
  last_name: Nilen
- first_name: S.H.
  full_name: Connell, S.H.
  last_name: Connell
- first_name: D.T.
  full_name: Britton, D.T.
  last_name: Britton
- first_name: C.G.
  full_name: Fischer, C.G.
  last_name: Fischer
- first_name: E.J.
  full_name: Sendezera, E.J.
  last_name: Sendezera
- first_name: Wolf Gero
  full_name: Schmidt, Wolf Gero
  id: '468'
  last_name: Schmidt
  orcid: 0000-0002-2717-5076
- first_name: J.P.F.
  full_name: Sellschop, J.P.F.
  last_name: Sellschop
- first_name: W.S.
  full_name: Verwoerd, W.S.
  last_name: Verwoerd
citation:
  ama: Nilen RWN, Connell SH, Britton DT, et al. A High Resolution Investigation of
    the Anisotropic Electron-Positron Momentum Distribution in Diamond. <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i>. 1997;255-257:475-478. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>
  apa: Nilen, R. W. N., Connell, S. H., Britton, D. T., Fischer, C. G., Sendezera,
    E. J., Schmidt, W. G., Sellschop, J. P. F., &#38; Verwoerd, W. S. (1997). A High
    Resolution Investigation of the Anisotropic Electron-Positron Momentum Distribution
    in Diamond. <i>Materials Science Forum</i>, <i>255–257</i>, 475–478. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Nilen_Connell_Britton_Fischer_Sendezera_Schmidt_Sellschop_Verwoerd_1997,
    title={A High Resolution Investigation of the Anisotropic Electron-Positron Momentum
    Distribution in Diamond}, volume={255–257}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>},
    journal={Materials Science Forum}, author={Nilen, R.W.N. and Connell, S.H. and
    Britton, D.T. and Fischer, C.G. and Sendezera, E.J. and Schmidt, Wolf Gero and
    Sellschop, J.P.F. and Verwoerd, W.S.}, year={1997}, pages={475–478} }'
  chicago: 'Nilen, R.W.N., S.H. Connell, D.T. Britton, C.G. Fischer, E.J. Sendezera,
    Wolf Gero Schmidt, J.P.F. Sellschop, and W.S. Verwoerd. “A High Resolution Investigation
    of the Anisotropic Electron-Positron Momentum Distribution in Diamond.” <i>Materials
    Science Forum</i> 255–257 (1997): 475–78. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>.'
  ieee: 'R. W. N. Nilen <i>et al.</i>, “A High Resolution Investigation of the Anisotropic
    Electron-Positron Momentum Distribution in Diamond,” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>,
    vol. 255–257, pp. 475–478, 1997, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>.'
  mla: Nilen, R. W. N., et al. “A High Resolution Investigation of the Anisotropic
    Electron-Positron Momentum Distribution in Diamond.” <i>Materials Science Forum</i>,
    vol. 255–257, 1997, pp. 475–78, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475">10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475</a>.
  short: R.W.N. Nilen, S.H. Connell, D.T. Britton, C.G. Fischer, E.J. Sendezera, W.G.
    Schmidt, J.P.F. Sellschop, W.S. Verwoerd, Materials Science Forum 255–257 (1997)
    475–478.
date_created: 2019-10-15T10:19:17Z
date_updated: 2025-12-16T07:35:24Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '295'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '230'
doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.255-257.475
language:
- iso: eng
page: 475-478
publication: Materials Science Forum
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1662-9752
publication_status: published
status: public
title: A High Resolution Investigation of the Anisotropic Electron-Positron Momentum
  Distribution in Diamond
type: journal_article
user_id: '16199'
volume: 255-257
year: '1997'
...
