[{"status":"public","year":"2026","title":"Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Offen, Christian","last_name":"Offen","first_name":"Christian"},{"full_name":"Wembe, Boris","first_name":"Boris","last_name":"Wembe"},{"full_name":"Ares, Laura","first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Ares"},{"last_name":"Sperling","first_name":"Jan","full_name":"Sperling, Jan"},{"full_name":"Ober-Blöbaum, Sina","first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Ober-Blöbaum"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-06-01T09:36:17Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"65745","publisher":"IOP Publishing","user_id":"95394","doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51","publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","citation":{"chicago":"Offen, Christian, Boris Wembe, Laura Ares, Jan Sperling, and Sina Ober-Blöbaum. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","short":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, S. Ober-Blöbaum, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (2026).","ieee":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, and S. Ober-Blöbaum, “Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","apa":"Offen, C., Wembe, B., Ares, L., Sperling, J., &#38; Ober-Blöbaum, S. (2026). Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","bibtex":"@article{Offen_Wembe_Ares_Sperling_Ober-Blöbaum_2026, title={Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Offen, Christian and Wembe, Boris and Ares, Laura and Sperling, Jan and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina}, year={2026} }","ama":"Offen C, Wembe B, Ares L, Sperling J, Ober-Blöbaum S. Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. Published online 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","mla":"Offen, Christian, et al. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>In this work, we address the numerical identification of entanglement in dynamical scenarios. To this end, we consider different programs based on the restriction of the evolution to the set of separable (i.e., non-entangled) states, together with the discretization of the space of variables for numerical computations. As a first approach, we apply linear splitting methods to the restricted, continuous equations of motion derived from variational principles. We utilize an exchange interaction Hamiltonian to confirm that the numerical and analytical solutions coincide in the limit of small time steps. The application to different Hamiltonians shows the wide applicability of the method to detect dynamical entanglement. To avoid the derivation of analytical solutions for complex dynamics, we consider variational, numerical integration schemes, introducing a variational discretization for Lagrangians linear in velocities. Here, we examine and compare two approaches: one in which the system is discretized before the restriction is applied, and another in which the restriction precedes the discretization. We find that the \"first-discretize-then-restrict\" method becomes numerically unstable, already for the example of an exchange-interaction Hamiltonian, which can be an important consideration for the numerical analysis of constrained quantum dynamics. Thereby, broadly applicable numerical tools, including their limitations, for studying entanglement over time are established for assessing the entangling power of processes that are used in quantum information theory.</jats:p>"}],"date_created":"2026-06-01T09:36:09Z","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"94"}]},{"year":"2026","title":"Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles","status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Offen, Christian","last_name":"Offen","first_name":"Christian"},{"full_name":"Wembe, Boris","last_name":"Wembe","first_name":"Boris"},{"full_name":"Ares, Laura","first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Ares"},{"full_name":"Sperling, Jan","last_name":"Sperling","first_name":"Jan"},{"full_name":"Ober-Blöbaum, Sina","last_name":"Ober-Blöbaum","first_name":"Sina"}],"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-06-01T09:29:29Z","_id":"65742","publisher":"IOP Publishing","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"user_id":"95394","doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51","publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","citation":{"short":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, S. Ober-Blöbaum, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (2026).","chicago":"Offen, Christian, Boris Wembe, Laura Ares, Jan Sperling, and Sina Ober-Blöbaum. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","apa":"Offen, C., Wembe, B., Ares, L., Sperling, J., &#38; Ober-Blöbaum, S. (2026). Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","ieee":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, and S. Ober-Blöbaum, “Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","ama":"Offen C, Wembe B, Ares L, Sperling J, Ober-Blöbaum S. Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. Published online 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","bibtex":"@article{Offen_Wembe_Ares_Sperling_Ober-Blöbaum_2026, title={Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Offen, Christian and Wembe, Boris and Ares, Laura and Sperling, Jan and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina}, year={2026} }","mla":"Offen, Christian, et al. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>."},"abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>In this work, we address the numerical identification of entanglement in dynamical scenarios. To this end, we consider different programs based on the restriction of the evolution to the set of separable (i.e., non-entangled) states, together with the discretization of the space of variables for numerical computations. As a first approach, we apply linear splitting methods to the restricted, continuous equations of motion derived from variational principles. We utilize an exchange interaction Hamiltonian to confirm that the numerical and analytical solutions coincide in the limit of small time steps. The application to different Hamiltonians shows the wide applicability of the method to detect dynamical entanglement. To avoid the derivation of analytical solutions for complex dynamics, we consider variational, numerical integration schemes, introducing a variational discretization for Lagrangians linear in velocities. Here, we examine and compare two approaches: one in which the system is discretized before the restriction is applied, and another in which the restriction precedes the discretization. We find that the \"first-discretize-then-restrict\" method becomes numerically unstable, already for the example of an exchange-interaction Hamiltonian, which can be an important consideration for the numerical analysis of constrained quantum dynamics. Thereby, broadly applicable numerical tools, including their limitations, for studying entanglement over time are established for assessing the entangling power of processes that are used in quantum information theory.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-06-01T09:29:01Z","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"94"}]},{"citation":{"ieee":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, and S. Ober-Blöbaum, “Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","apa":"Offen, C., Wembe, B., Ares, L., Sperling, J., &#38; Ober-Blöbaum, S. (2026). Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","short":"C. Offen, B. Wembe, L. Ares, J. Sperling, S. Ober-Blöbaum, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (2026).","chicago":"Offen, Christian, Boris Wembe, Laura Ares, Jan Sperling, and Sina Ober-Blöbaum. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","mla":"Offen, Christian, et al. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Offen_Wembe_Ares_Sperling_Ober-Blöbaum_2026, title={Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Offen, Christian and Wembe, Boris and Ares, Laura and Sperling, Jan and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina}, year={2026} }","ama":"Offen C, Wembe B, Ares L, Sperling J, Ober-Blöbaum S. Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. Published online 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>"},"publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","abstract":[{"text":"In this work, we address the numerical identification of entanglement in dynamical scenarios. To this end, we consider different programs based on the restriction of the evolution to the set of separable (i.e., non-entangled) states, together with the discretization of the space of variables for numerical computations. As a first approach, we apply linear splitting methods to the restricted, continuous equations of motion derived from variational principles. We utilize an exchange interaction Hamiltonian to confirm that the numerical and analytical solutions coincide in the limit of small time steps. The application to different Hamiltonians shows the wide applicability of the method to detect dynamical entanglement. To avoid the derivation of analytical solutions for complex dynamics, we consider variational, numerical integration schemes, introducing a variational discretization for Lagrangians linear in velocities. Here, we examine and compare two approaches: one in which the system is discretized before the restriction is applied, and another in which the restriction precedes the discretization. We find that the \"first-discretize-then-restrict\" method becomes numerically unstable, already for the example of an exchange-interaction Hamiltonian, which can be an important consideration for the numerical analysis of constrained quantum dynamics. Thereby, broadly applicable numerical tools, including their limitations, for studying entanglement over time are established for assessing the entangling power of processes that are used in quantum information theory.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-06-01T09:41:19Z","department":[{"_id":"94"}],"type":"journal_article","author":[{"first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Offen","full_name":"Offen, Christian"},{"full_name":"Wembe, Boris","last_name":"Wembe","first_name":"Boris"},{"full_name":"Ares, Laura","last_name":"Ares","first_name":"Laura"},{"first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Sperling","full_name":"Sperling, Jan"},{"full_name":"Ober-Blöbaum, Sina","first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Ober-Blöbaum"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"title":"Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles","status":"public","year":"2026","article_type":"original","date_updated":"2026-06-01T09:43:52Z","publication_status":"published","_id":"65747","publisher":"IOP Publishing","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51","user_id":"95394"},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Offen","first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Offen, Christian"},{"id":"95394","orcid":"0000-0002-6085-8071","last_name":"Wembe Moafo","first_name":"Boris Edgar","full_name":"Wembe Moafo, Boris Edgar"},{"full_name":"Ares, Laura","last_name":"Ares","first_name":"Laura"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5844-3205","first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Sperling","full_name":"Sperling, Jan","id":"75127"},{"id":"16494","first_name":"Sina","last_name":"Ober-Blöbaum","full_name":"Ober-Blöbaum, Sina"}],"title":"Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles","year":"2026","intvolume":"        59","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-06-05T07:38:44Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"225303","doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51","issue":"22","publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n                  <jats:p>In this work, we address the numerical identification of entanglement in dynamical scenarios. To this end, we consider different programs based on the restriction of the evolution to the set of separable (i.e., non-entangled) states, together with the discretization of the space of variables for numerical computations. As a first approach, we apply linear splitting methods to the restricted, continuous equations of motion derived from variational principles. We utilize an exchange interaction Hamiltonian to confirm that the numerical and analytical solutions coincide in the limit of small time steps. The application to different Hamiltonians shows the wide applicability of the method to detect dynamical entanglement. To avoid the derivation of analytical solutions for complex dynamics, we consider variational, numerical integration schemes, introducing a variational discretization for Lagrangians linear in velocities. Here, we examine and compare two approaches: one in which the system is discretized before the restriction is applied, and another in which the restriction precedes the discretization. We find that the ‘first-discretize-then-restrict’ method becomes numerically unstable, already for the example of an exchange-interaction Hamiltonian, which can be an important consideration for the numerical analysis of constrained quantum dynamics. Thereby, broadly applicable numerical tools, including their limitations, for studying entanglement over time are established for assessing the entangling power of processes that are used in quantum information theory.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-06-05T07:37:43Z","department":[{"_id":"623"},{"_id":"15"},{"_id":"170"},{"_id":"706"},{"_id":"429"}],"type":"journal_article","status":"public","_id":"65777","publisher":"IOP Publishing","volume":59,"user_id":"75127","citation":{"mla":"Offen, Christian, et al. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 59, no. 22, 225303, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","ama":"Offen C, Wembe Moafo BE, Ares L, Sperling J, Ober-Blöbaum S. Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. 2026;59(22). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","bibtex":"@article{Offen_Wembe Moafo_Ares_Sperling_Ober-Blöbaum_2026, title={Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles}, volume={59}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>}, number={22225303}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Offen, Christian and Wembe Moafo, Boris Edgar and Ares, Laura and Sperling, Jan and Ober-Blöbaum, Sina}, year={2026} }","apa":"Offen, C., Wembe Moafo, B. E., Ares, L., Sperling, J., &#38; Ober-Blöbaum, S. (2026). Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, <i>59</i>(22), Article 225303. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>","ieee":"C. Offen, B. E. Wembe Moafo, L. Ares, J. Sperling, and S. Ober-Blöbaum, “Numerical approaches to entangling dynamics from variational principles,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 59, no. 22, Art. no. 225303, 2026, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>.","short":"C. Offen, B.E. Wembe Moafo, L. Ares, J. Sperling, S. Ober-Blöbaum, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 59 (2026).","chicago":"Offen, Christian, Boris Edgar Wembe Moafo, Laura Ares, Jan Sperling, and Sina Ober-Blöbaum. “Numerical Approaches to Entangling Dynamics from Variational Principles.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i> 59, no. 22 (2026). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/ae6d51</a>."}},{"issue":"35","publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n               <jats:p>Graph states are a fundamental class of multipartite entangled quantum states with wide-ranging applications in quantum information and computation. In this work, we develop a systematic approach for constructing and analyzing <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic>-colorable graph states, deriving explicit closed-form expressions for arbitrary <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic>. For a broad family of two- and three-colorable graph states, the representations obtained using only local operations require a minimal number of terms in the <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic>-eigenbasis. We prove that every two-colorable graph state is local Clifford (LC) equivalent to a state expressible as a summation of rows of an orthogonal array (OA). For graph states with <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic> &gt; 2, we show that they are LC-equivalent to quantum OAs, establishing a direct combinatorial connection between multipartite entanglement and structured quantum states. Furthermore, the upper and lower bounds of the Schmidt measure for graph states with arbitrary <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic> colorability are discussed, extending the results for an arbitrary local dimension. Our results offer an efficient and practical method for systematically constructing graph states, optimizing their representation in quantum circuits, and identifying structured forms of multipartite entanglement. This approach also connects graph states to <jats:italic>k</jats:italic>-uniform and absolutely maximally entangled states, motivating further exploration of the structure of entangled states and their applications in quantum networks, quantum error correction, and measurement based quantum computing.</jats:p>"}],"date_created":"2026-02-09T15:35:00Z","file":[{"success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"64082","date_updated":"2026-02-09T15:35:25Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":749441,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"Revis_2025_J._Phys._A%3A_Math._Theor._58_355301.pdf","date_created":"2026-02-09T15:35:25Z","creator":"zraissi"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"author":[{"full_name":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail","last_name":"Revis","first_name":"Konstantinos-Rafail"},{"last_name":"Zakaryan","first_name":"Hrachya","full_name":"Zakaryan, Hrachya"},{"full_name":"Raissi, Zahra","first_name":"Zahra","last_name":"Raissi"}],"title":"χ-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays","year":"2025","intvolume":"        58","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-02-09T17:07:25Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"355301","doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45","citation":{"mla":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail, et al. “χ-Colorable Graph States: Closed-Form Expressions and Quantum Orthogonal Arrays.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 58, no. 35, 355301, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>.","bibtex":"@article{Revis_Zakaryan_Raissi_2025, title={χ-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays}, volume={58}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>}, number={35355301}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail and Zakaryan, Hrachya and Raissi, Zahra}, year={2025} }","ama":"Revis K-R, Zakaryan H, Raissi Z. χ-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. 2025;58(35). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>","ieee":"K.-R. Revis, H. Zakaryan, and Z. Raissi, “χ-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 58, no. 35, Art. no. 355301, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>.","apa":"Revis, K.-R., Zakaryan, H., &#38; Raissi, Z. (2025). χ-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, <i>58</i>(35), Article 355301. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>","chicago":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail, Hrachya Zakaryan, and Zahra Raissi. “χ-Colorable Graph States: Closed-Form Expressions and Quantum Orthogonal Arrays.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i> 58, no. 35 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>.","short":"K.-R. Revis, H. Zakaryan, Z. Raissi, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 58 (2025)."},"file_date_updated":"2026-02-09T15:35:25Z","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","_id":"64081","publisher":"IOP Publishing","volume":58,"user_id":"98836","ddc":["004"]},{"file_date_updated":"2026-02-23T13:33:12Z","citation":{"chicago":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail, Hrachya Zakaryan, and Zahra Raissi. “<i>χ</i>-Colorable Graph States: Closed-Form Expressions and Quantum Orthogonal Arrays.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i> 58, no. 35 (2025). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>.","short":"K.-R. Revis, H. Zakaryan, Z. Raissi, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 58 (2025).","ieee":"K.-R. Revis, H. Zakaryan, and Z. Raissi, “<i>χ</i>-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 58, no. 35, Art. no. 355301, 2025, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>.","apa":"Revis, K.-R., Zakaryan, H., &#38; Raissi, Z. (2025). <i>χ</i>-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, <i>58</i>(35), Article 355301. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>","bibtex":"@article{Revis_Zakaryan_Raissi_2025, title={<i>χ</i>-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays}, volume={58}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>}, number={35355301}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail and Zakaryan, Hrachya and Raissi, Zahra}, year={2025} }","ama":"Revis K-R, Zakaryan H, Raissi Z. <i>χ</i>-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. 2025;58(35). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>","mla":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail, et al. “<i>χ</i>-Colorable Graph States: Closed-Form Expressions and Quantum Orthogonal Arrays.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 58, no. 35, 355301, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45\">10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45</a>."},"has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","ddc":["000"],"user_id":"98836","volume":58,"_id":"64591","publisher":"IOP Publishing","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\r\n               <jats:p>Graph states are a fundamental class of multipartite entangled quantum states with wide-ranging applications in quantum information and computation. In this work, we develop a systematic approach for constructing and analyzing <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic>-colorable graph states, deriving explicit closed-form expressions for arbitrary <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic>. For a broad family of two- and three-colorable graph states, the representations obtained using only local operations require a minimal number of terms in the <jats:italic>Z</jats:italic>-eigenbasis. We prove that every two-colorable graph state is local Clifford (LC) equivalent to a state expressible as a summation of rows of an orthogonal array (OA). For graph states with <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic> &gt; 2, we show that they are LC-equivalent to quantum OAs, establishing a direct combinatorial connection between multipartite entanglement and structured quantum states. Furthermore, the upper and lower bounds of the Schmidt measure for graph states with arbitrary <jats:italic>χ</jats:italic> colorability are discussed, extending the results for an arbitrary local dimension. Our results offer an efficient and practical method for systematically constructing graph states, optimizing their representation in quantum circuits, and identifying structured forms of multipartite entanglement. This approach also connects graph states to <jats:italic>k</jats:italic>-uniform and absolutely maximally entangled states, motivating further exploration of the structure of entangled states and their applications in quantum networks, quantum error correction, and measurement based quantum computing.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","issue":"35","type":"journal_article","file":[{"creator":"zraissi","date_created":"2026-02-23T13:33:12Z","access_level":"closed","file_size":749401,"file_name":"Revis_2025_J._Phys._A%3A_Math._Theor._58_355301.pdf","date_updated":"2026-02-23T13:33:12Z","relation":"main_file","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"64592"}],"date_created":"2026-02-23T13:32:33Z","date_updated":"2026-02-23T13:33:28Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        58","year":"2025","title":"<i>χ</i>-colorable graph states: closed-form expressions and quantum orthogonal arrays","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Revis","first_name":"Konstantinos-Rafail","full_name":"Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail"},{"full_name":"Zakaryan, Hrachya","first_name":"Hrachya","last_name":"Zakaryan"},{"last_name":"Raissi","first_name":"Zahra","full_name":"Raissi, Zahra"}],"doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/adfe45","article_number":"355301","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"doi":"10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"075301","intvolume":"        51","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-08-07T12:13:45Z","author":[{"id":"98836","orcid":"0000-0002-9168-8212","first_name":"Zahra","last_name":"Raissi","full_name":"Raissi, Zahra"},{"full_name":"Gogolin, Christian","first_name":"Christian","last_name":"Gogolin"},{"full_name":"Riera, Arnau","first_name":"Arnau","last_name":"Riera"},{"full_name":"Acín, Antonio","last_name":"Acín","first_name":"Antonio"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1751-8113","1751-8121"]},"title":"Optimal quantum error correcting codes from absolutely maximally entangled states","year":"2017","type":"journal_article","date_created":"2024-08-05T14:45:14Z","publication":"Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical","issue":"7","volume":51,"user_id":"98836","_id":"55527","publisher":"IOP Publishing","status":"public","citation":{"ama":"Raissi Z, Gogolin C, Riera A, Acín A. Optimal quantum error correcting codes from absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>. 2017;51(7). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>","bibtex":"@article{Raissi_Gogolin_Riera_Acín_2017, title={Optimal quantum error correcting codes from absolutely maximally entangled states}, volume={51}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>}, number={7075301}, journal={Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical}, publisher={IOP Publishing}, author={Raissi, Zahra and Gogolin, Christian and Riera, Arnau and Acín, Antonio}, year={2017} }","mla":"Raissi, Zahra, et al. “Optimal Quantum Error Correcting Codes from Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 51, no. 7, 075301, IOP Publishing, 2017, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>.","short":"Z. Raissi, C. Gogolin, A. Riera, A. Acín, Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 51 (2017).","chicago":"Raissi, Zahra, Christian Gogolin, Arnau Riera, and Antonio Acín. “Optimal Quantum Error Correcting Codes from Absolutely Maximally Entangled States.” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i> 51, no. 7 (2017). <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>.","apa":"Raissi, Z., Gogolin, C., Riera, A., &#38; Acín, A. (2017). Optimal quantum error correcting codes from absolutely maximally entangled states. <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, <i>51</i>(7), Article 075301. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>","ieee":"Z. Raissi, C. Gogolin, A. Riera, and A. Acín, “Optimal quantum error correcting codes from absolutely maximally entangled states,” <i>Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical</i>, vol. 51, no. 7, Art. no. 075301, 2017, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151\">10.1088/1751-8121/aaa151</a>."}}]