--- _id: '33392' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Abstract\r\n \r\n Context\r\n \ The effects of energy-balanced bed rest on metabolic flexibility have not been thoroughly examined.\r\n \r\n \ \r\n Objective\r\n \ We investigated the effects of 21 days of bed rest, with and without whey protein supplementation, on metabolic flexibility while maintaining energy balance. We hypothesized that protein supplementation mitigates metabolic inflexibility by preventing muscle atrophy.\r\n \r\n \ \r\n Design and Setting\r\n \ Randomized crossover longitudinal study conducted at the German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany.\r\n \r\n \ \r\n Participants and Interventions\r\n \ Ten healthy men were randomly assigned to dietary countermeasure or isocaloric control diet during a 21-day bed rest.\r\n \r\n \ \r\n Outcome Measures\r\n \ Before and at the end of the bed rest, metabolic flexibility was assessed during a meal test. Secondary outcomes were glucose tolerance by oral glucose tolerance test, body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, ectopic fat storage by magnetic resonance imaging, and inflammation and oxidative stress markers.\r\n \r\n \r\n \ Results\r\n Bed rest decreased the ability to switch from fat to carbohydrate oxidation when transitioning from fasted to fed states (i.e., metabolic inflexibility), antioxidant capacity, fat-free mass (FFM), and muscle insulin sensitivity along with greater fat deposition in muscle (P < 0.05 for all). Changes in fasting insulin and inflammation were not observed. However, glucose tolerance was reduced during acute overfeeding. Protein supplementation did not prevent FFM loss and metabolic alterations.\r\n \ \r\n \r\n Conclusions\r\n \ Physical inactivity triggers metabolic inflexibility, even when energy balance is maintained. Although reduced insulin sensitivity and increased fat deposition were observed at the muscle level, systemic glucose intolerance was detected only in response to a moderately high-fat meal. This finding supports the role of physical inactivity in metabolic inflexibility and suggests that metabolic inflexibility precedes systemic glucose intolerance.\r\n " author: - first_name: Floriane full_name: Rudwill, Floriane last_name: Rudwill - first_name: Donal full_name: O’Gorman, Donal last_name: O’Gorman - first_name: Etienne full_name: Lefai, Etienne last_name: Lefai - first_name: Isabelle full_name: Chery, Isabelle last_name: Chery - first_name: Alexandre full_name: Zahariev, Alexandre last_name: Zahariev - first_name: Sylvie full_name: Normand, Sylvie last_name: Normand - first_name: Allan F full_name: Pagano, Allan F last_name: Pagano - first_name: Angèle full_name: Chopard, Angèle last_name: Chopard - first_name: Anthony full_name: Damiot, Anthony last_name: Damiot - first_name: Claire full_name: Laurens, Claire last_name: Laurens - first_name: Leanne full_name: Hodson, Leanne last_name: Hodson - first_name: Emmanuelle full_name: Canet-Soulas, Emmanuelle last_name: Canet-Soulas - first_name: Martina full_name: Heer, Martina last_name: Heer - first_name: Petra Frings full_name: Meuthen, Petra Frings last_name: Meuthen - first_name: Judith full_name: Bühlmeier, Judith id: '89838' last_name: Bühlmeier - first_name: Natalie full_name: Baecker, Natalie last_name: Baecker - first_name: Laure full_name: Meiller, Laure last_name: Meiller - first_name: Guillemette full_name: Gauquelin-Koch, Guillemette last_name: Gauquelin-Koch - first_name: Stéphane full_name: Blanc, Stéphane last_name: Blanc - first_name: Chantal full_name: Simon, Chantal last_name: Simon - first_name: Audrey full_name: Bergouignan, Audrey last_name: Bergouignan citation: ama: Rudwill F, O’Gorman D, Lefai E, et al. Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2018;103(5):1910-1920. doi:10.1210/jc.2017-02267 apa: Rudwill, F., O’Gorman, D., Lefai, E., Chery, I., Zahariev, A., Normand, S., Pagano, A. F., Chopard, A., Damiot, A., Laurens, C., Hodson, L., Canet-Soulas, E., Heer, M., Meuthen, P. F., Bühlmeier, J., Baecker, N., Meiller, L., Gauquelin-Koch, G., Blanc, S., … Bergouignan, A. (2018). Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 103(5), 1910–1920. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-02267 bibtex: '@article{Rudwill_O’Gorman_Lefai_Chery_Zahariev_Normand_Pagano_Chopard_Damiot_Laurens_et al._2018, title={Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable}, volume={103}, DOI={10.1210/jc.2017-02267}, number={5}, journal={The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}, publisher={The Endocrine Society}, author={Rudwill, Floriane and O’Gorman, Donal and Lefai, Etienne and Chery, Isabelle and Zahariev, Alexandre and Normand, Sylvie and Pagano, Allan F and Chopard, Angèle and Damiot, Anthony and Laurens, Claire and et al.}, year={2018}, pages={1910–1920} }' chicago: 'Rudwill, Floriane, Donal O’Gorman, Etienne Lefai, Isabelle Chery, Alexandre Zahariev, Sylvie Normand, Allan F Pagano, et al. “Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 103, no. 5 (2018): 1910–20. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2017-02267.' ieee: 'F. Rudwill et al., “Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 103, no. 5, pp. 1910–1920, 2018, doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-02267.' mla: Rudwill, Floriane, et al. “Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 103, no. 5, The Endocrine Society, 2018, pp. 1910–20, doi:10.1210/jc.2017-02267. short: F. Rudwill, D. O’Gorman, E. Lefai, I. Chery, A. Zahariev, S. Normand, A.F. Pagano, A. Chopard, A. Damiot, C. Laurens, L. Hodson, E. Canet-Soulas, M. Heer, P.F. Meuthen, J. Bühlmeier, N. Baecker, L. Meiller, G. Gauquelin-Koch, S. Blanc, C. Simon, A. Bergouignan, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 103 (2018) 1910–1920. date_created: 2022-09-15T09:33:08Z date_updated: 2022-09-15T09:44:47Z doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-02267 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 103' issue: '5' keyword: - Biochemistry (medical) - Clinical Biochemistry - Endocrinology - Biochemistry - Endocrinology - Diabetes and Metabolism language: - iso: eng page: 1910-1920 publication: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-972X - 1945-7197 publication_status: published publisher: The Endocrine Society status: public title: Metabolic Inflexibility Is an Early Marker of Bed-Rest–Induced Glucose Intolerance Even When Fat Mass Is Stable type: journal_article user_id: '89838' volume: 103 year: '2018' ... --- _id: '33399' author: - first_name: Judith full_name: Bühlmeier, Judith id: '89838' last_name: Bühlmeier - first_name: Petra full_name: Frings-Meuthen, Petra last_name: Frings-Meuthen - first_name: Thomas full_name: Remer, Thomas last_name: Remer - first_name: Christiane full_name: Maser-Gluth, Christiane last_name: Maser-Gluth - first_name: Peter full_name: Stehle, Peter last_name: Stehle - first_name: Gianni full_name: Biolo, Gianni last_name: Biolo - first_name: Martina full_name: Heer, Martina last_name: Heer citation: ama: 'Bühlmeier J, Frings-Meuthen P, Remer T, et al. Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2012;97(12):4789-4797. doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2857' apa: 'Bühlmeier, J., Frings-Meuthen, P., Remer, T., Maser-Gluth, C., Stehle, P., Biolo, G., & Heer, M. (2012). Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 97(12), 4789–4797. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2857' bibtex: '@article{Bühlmeier_Frings-Meuthen_Remer_Maser-Gluth_Stehle_Biolo_Heer_2012, title={Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial}, volume={97}, DOI={10.1210/jc.2012-2857}, number={12}, journal={The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}, publisher={The Endocrine Society}, author={Bühlmeier, Judith and Frings-Meuthen, Petra and Remer, Thomas and Maser-Gluth, Christiane and Stehle, Peter and Biolo, Gianni and Heer, Martina}, year={2012}, pages={4789–4797} }' chicago: 'Bühlmeier, Judith, Petra Frings-Meuthen, Thomas Remer, Christiane Maser-Gluth, Peter Stehle, Gianni Biolo, and Martina Heer. “Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 97, no. 12 (2012): 4789–97. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2012-2857.' ieee: 'J. Bühlmeier et al., “Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 97, no. 12, pp. 4789–4797, 2012, doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-2857.' mla: 'Bühlmeier, Judith, et al. “Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol. 97, no. 12, The Endocrine Society, 2012, pp. 4789–97, doi:10.1210/jc.2012-2857.' short: J. Bühlmeier, P. Frings-Meuthen, T. Remer, C. Maser-Gluth, P. Stehle, G. Biolo, M. Heer, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 97 (2012) 4789–4797. date_created: 2022-09-15T09:37:07Z date_updated: 2022-09-15T09:43:26Z doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-2857 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 97' issue: '12' keyword: - Biochemistry (medical) - Clinical Biochemistry - Endocrinology - Biochemistry - Endocrinology - Diabetes and Metabolism language: - iso: eng page: 4789-4797 publication: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-972X - 1945-7197 publication_status: published publisher: The Endocrine Society status: public title: 'Alkaline Salts to Counteract Bone Resorption and Protein Wasting Induced by High Salt Intake: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial' type: journal_article user_id: '89838' volume: 97 year: '2012' ... --- _id: '27728' abstract: - lang: eng text: "\r\n Context:\r\n Whether prepubertal glucocorticoid status impacts on the timing of puberty is not clear.\r\n \ \r\n \r\n Objective:\r\n \ The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between prepubertal glucocorticoid status and early or late pubertal markers, independent of adrenarchal and nutritional status.\r\n \r\n \ \r\n Design and Participants:\r\n \ Prospective cohort study of healthy Caucasian children (n = 111, 56 boys) who provided both 24-h urine samples and weighed dietary records 1 and 2 yr before the start of pubertal growth spurt [age at take-off (ATO)].\r\n \ \r\n \r\n Measurements:\r\n \ Major urinary glucocorticoid and androgen metabolites determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis were summed to assess daily overall cortisol (ΣC21) and adrenal androgen secretion; urinary free cortisol and cortisone measured by RIA were summed (UFF+UFE) as an indicator of potentially bioactive free glucocorticoids.\r\n \r\n \r\n \ Main Outcomes:\r\n The main outcomes included ATO, age at peak height velocity, age at menarche/voice break, ages at Tanner stage 2 for breast (girls) and genital (boys) development, and pubic hair.\r\n \r\n \r\n \ Results:\r\n In girls ΣC21, but not UFF+UFE, was associated with pubertal markers after adjusting for overall adrenal androgen, urinary nitrogen, and body fat. Girls with higher ΣC21 (fourth quartile) reached ATO 0.7 yr (P = 0.01) and menarche 0.9 yr later (P = 0.006) than girls with lower ΣC21 (first quartile). The ΣC21 tended to be also positively associated with age at Tanner stage 2 for breast (P = 0.1), Tanner stage 2 for pubic hair (P = 0.1), and age at peak height velocity (P = 0.06). In boys, neither the ΣC21 nor UFF+UFE was related to pubertal timing.\r\n \ \r\n \r\n Conclusion:\r\n \ An individually higher prepubertal glucocorticoid secretion level, even in physiological range, appears to delay early and late pubertal timing of healthy girls, particularly their onset of pubertal growth spurt and menarche.\r\n \ " author: - first_name: Lijie full_name: Shi, Lijie last_name: Shi - first_name: Stefan A. full_name: Wudy, Stefan A. last_name: Wudy - first_name: Anette full_name: Buyken, Anette id: '65985' last_name: Buyken - first_name: Christiane full_name: Maser-Gluth, Christiane last_name: Maser-Gluth - first_name: Michaela F. full_name: Hartmann, Michaela F. last_name: Hartmann - first_name: Thomas full_name: Remer, Thomas last_name: Remer citation: ama: Shi L, Wudy SA, Buyken A, Maser-Gluth C, Hartmann MF, Remer T. Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Published online 2011:E891-E898. doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2935 apa: Shi, L., Wudy, S. A., Buyken, A., Maser-Gluth, C., Hartmann, M. F., & Remer, T. (2011). Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, E891–E898. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2935 bibtex: '@article{Shi_Wudy_Buyken_Maser-Gluth_Hartmann_Remer_2011, title={Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing}, DOI={10.1210/jc.2010-2935}, journal={The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}, author={Shi, Lijie and Wudy, Stefan A. and Buyken, Anette and Maser-Gluth, Christiane and Hartmann, Michaela F. and Remer, Thomas}, year={2011}, pages={E891–E898} }' chicago: Shi, Lijie, Stefan A. Wudy, Anette Buyken, Christiane Maser-Gluth, Michaela F. Hartmann, and Thomas Remer. “Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2011, E891–98. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2010-2935. ieee: 'L. Shi, S. A. Wudy, A. Buyken, C. Maser-Gluth, M. F. Hartmann, and T. Remer, “Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, pp. E891–E898, 2011, doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2935.' mla: Shi, Lijie, et al. “Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2011, pp. E891–98, doi:10.1210/jc.2010-2935. short: L. Shi, S.A. Wudy, A. Buyken, C. Maser-Gluth, M.F. Hartmann, T. Remer, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2011) E891–E898. date_created: 2021-11-23T15:53:56Z date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:57:44Z department: - _id: '17' - _id: '22' - _id: '571' doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2935 language: - iso: eng page: E891-E898 publication: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-972X - 1945-7197 publication_status: published status: public title: Prepubertal Glucocorticoid Status and Pubertal Timing type: journal_article user_id: '61597' year: '2011' ... --- _id: '27723' author: - first_name: Thomas full_name: Remer, Thomas last_name: Remer - first_name: Lijie full_name: Shi, Lijie last_name: Shi - first_name: Anette full_name: Buyken, Anette id: '65985' last_name: Buyken - first_name: Christiane full_name: Maser-Gluth, Christiane last_name: Maser-Gluth - first_name: Michaela F. full_name: Hartmann, Michaela F. last_name: Hartmann - first_name: Stefan A. full_name: Wudy, Stefan A. last_name: Wudy citation: ama: Remer T, Shi L, Buyken A, Maser-Gluth C, Hartmann MF, Wudy SA. Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Published online 2010:3002-3009. doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2583 apa: Remer, T., Shi, L., Buyken, A., Maser-Gluth, C., Hartmann, M. F., & Wudy, S. A. (2010). Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 3002–3009. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2583 bibtex: '@article{Remer_Shi_Buyken_Maser-Gluth_Hartmann_Wudy_2010, title={Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing}, DOI={10.1210/jc.2009-2583}, journal={The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}, author={Remer, Thomas and Shi, Lijie and Buyken, Anette and Maser-Gluth, Christiane and Hartmann, Michaela F. and Wudy, Stefan A.}, year={2010}, pages={3002–3009} }' chicago: Remer, Thomas, Lijie Shi, Anette Buyken, Christiane Maser-Gluth, Michaela F. Hartmann, and Stefan A. Wudy. “Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2010, 3002–9. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2009-2583. ieee: 'T. Remer, L. Shi, A. Buyken, C. Maser-Gluth, M. F. Hartmann, and S. A. Wudy, “Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, pp. 3002–3009, 2010, doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-2583.' mla: Remer, Thomas, et al. “Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2010, pp. 3002–09, doi:10.1210/jc.2009-2583. short: T. Remer, L. Shi, A. Buyken, C. Maser-Gluth, M.F. Hartmann, S.A. Wudy, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2010) 3002–3009. date_created: 2021-11-23T15:32:02Z date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:57:44Z department: - _id: '17' - _id: '22' - _id: '571' doi: 10.1210/jc.2009-2583 language: - iso: eng page: 3002-3009 publication: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-972X - 1945-7197 publication_status: published status: public title: Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing type: journal_article user_id: '61597' year: '2010' ... --- _id: '27762' author: - first_name: Mario full_name: Kratz, Mario last_name: Kratz - first_name: Arnold full_name: von Eckardstein, Arnold last_name: von Eckardstein - first_name: Manfred full_name: Fobker, Manfred last_name: Fobker - first_name: Anette full_name: Buyken, Anette id: '65985' last_name: Buyken - first_name: Nicole full_name: Posny, Nicole last_name: Posny - first_name: Helmut full_name: Schulte, Helmut last_name: Schulte - first_name: Gerd full_name: Assmann, Gerd last_name: Assmann - first_name: Ursel full_name: Wahrburg, Ursel last_name: Wahrburg citation: ama: Kratz M, von Eckardstein A, Fobker M, et al. The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. Published online 2002:5008-5014. doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020496 apa: Kratz, M., von Eckardstein, A., Fobker, M., Buyken, A., Posny, N., Schulte, H., Assmann, G., & Wahrburg, U. (2002). The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 5008–5014. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-020496 bibtex: '@article{Kratz_von Eckardstein_Fobker_Buyken_Posny_Schulte_Assmann_Wahrburg_2002, title={The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women}, DOI={10.1210/jc.2002-020496}, journal={The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}, author={Kratz, Mario and von Eckardstein, Arnold and Fobker, Manfred and Buyken, Anette and Posny, Nicole and Schulte, Helmut and Assmann, Gerd and Wahrburg, Ursel}, year={2002}, pages={5008–5014} }' chicago: Kratz, Mario, Arnold von Eckardstein, Manfred Fobker, Anette Buyken, Nicole Posny, Helmut Schulte, Gerd Assmann, and Ursel Wahrburg. “The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2002, 5008–14. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2002-020496. ieee: 'M. Kratz et al., “The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women,” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, pp. 5008–5014, 2002, doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-020496.' mla: Kratz, Mario, et al. “The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women.” The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2002, pp. 5008–14, doi:10.1210/jc.2002-020496. short: M. Kratz, A. von Eckardstein, M. Fobker, A. Buyken, N. Posny, H. Schulte, G. Assmann, U. Wahrburg, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (2002) 5008–5014. date_created: 2021-11-23T16:45:50Z date_updated: 2022-01-06T06:57:44Z department: - _id: '17' - _id: '22' - _id: '571' doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-020496 language: - iso: eng page: 5008-5014 publication: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-972X - 1945-7197 publication_status: published status: public title: The Impact of Dietary Fat Composition on Serum Leptin Concentrations in Healthy Nonobese Men and Women type: journal_article user_id: '61597' year: '2002' ...