---
_id: '67019'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>In order to make rail transportation more attractive compared to motorized
    private transport, intelligent solutions are required across the entire mobility
    chain. Train stations, as places of connection and transfer, offer the greatest
    potential in this context. Thus, the deployment of autonomous service robots at
    train stations offers a wide range of possibilities for supporting passengers
    on their journeys by rail, for example, by providing information, accompanying
    them to the next link in the mobility chain, or transporting their luggage. Since
    such robots are battery-powered, one challenge is to carefully plan activities
    based on the remaining battery capacity. Therefore, the aim of this work is to
    predict battery usage and, in turn, battery state, in order to inform passengers,
    and to enable intelligent planning of its usage.In this work, realistic operational
    conditions of a service robot are systematically assessed through measurements
    on the service robot itself and through passenger surveys at a train station.
    The estimated operational conditions are experimentally replicated to simulate
    the heterogeneous use of the battery pack, while acquiring condition monitoring
    data throughout its use. The battery pack is modeled based on the single particle
    model, which can robustly predict the battery state by simulating its usage considering
    past operational conditions. The approach is validated using experimental data
    obtained from simulating realistic usage. On the one hand, additional battery
    packs are employed, and on the other hand, the load is varied. The advantage of
    this approach lies in the ability to account for future changes, such as higher
    loads than anticipated, to provide robust predictions.This enables the intelligent
    use of service robots, offering passengers an improved service experience at train
    stations.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Alexander
  full_name: Löwen, Alexander
  id: '47233'
  last_name: Löwen
- first_name: Enrique
  full_name: Aleman-Gallegos, Enrique
  last_name: Aleman-Gallegos
- first_name: Osarenren
  full_name: Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren
  id: '9557'
  last_name: Aimiyekagbon
- first_name: Sven
  full_name: Wachsmuth, Sven
  last_name: Wachsmuth
- first_name: Walter
  full_name: Sextro, Walter
  id: '21220'
  last_name: Sextro
citation:
  ama: 'Löwen A, Aleman-Gallegos E, Aimiyekagbon O, Wachsmuth S, Sextro W. Prediction
    and simulation of battery pack usage for intelligent service robot deployment
    at a train station. In: <i>PHM Society European Conference</i>. Vol 9. PHM Society;
    2026:1-10. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>'
  apa: Löwen, A., Aleman-Gallegos, E., Aimiyekagbon, O., Wachsmuth, S., &#38; Sextro,
    W. (2026). Prediction and simulation of battery pack usage for intelligent service
    robot deployment at a train station. <i>PHM Society European Conference</i>, <i>9</i>(1),
    1–10. <a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>
  bibtex: '@inproceedings{Löwen_Aleman-Gallegos_Aimiyekagbon_Wachsmuth_Sextro_2026,
    place={Oslo}, title={Prediction and simulation of battery pack usage for intelligent
    service robot deployment at a train station}, volume={9}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>},
    number={1}, booktitle={PHM Society European Conference}, publisher={PHM Society},
    author={Löwen, Alexander and Aleman-Gallegos, Enrique and Aimiyekagbon, Osarenren
    and Wachsmuth, Sven and Sextro, Walter}, year={2026}, pages={1–10} }'
  chicago: 'Löwen, Alexander, Enrique Aleman-Gallegos, Osarenren Aimiyekagbon, Sven
    Wachsmuth, and Walter Sextro. “Prediction and Simulation of Battery Pack Usage
    for Intelligent Service Robot Deployment at a Train Station.” In <i>PHM Society
    European Conference</i>, 9:1–10. Oslo: PHM Society, 2026. <a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>.'
  ieee: 'A. Löwen, E. Aleman-Gallegos, O. Aimiyekagbon, S. Wachsmuth, and W. Sextro,
    “Prediction and simulation of battery pack usage for intelligent service robot
    deployment at a train station,” in <i>PHM Society European Conference</i>, Oslo,
    2026, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–10, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>.'
  mla: Löwen, Alexander, et al. “Prediction and Simulation of Battery Pack Usage for
    Intelligent Service Robot Deployment at a Train Station.” <i>PHM Society European
    Conference</i>, vol. 9, no. 1, PHM Society, 2026, pp. 1–10, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952">10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952</a>.
  short: 'A. Löwen, E. Aleman-Gallegos, O. Aimiyekagbon, S. Wachsmuth, W. Sextro,
    in: PHM Society European Conference, PHM Society, Oslo, 2026, pp. 1–10.'
conference:
  end_date: 2026-07-10
  location: Oslo
  start_date: 2026-07-08
date_created: 2026-09-07T12:52:16Z
date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:01:58Z
department:
- _id: '151'
doi: 10.36001/phme.2026.v9i1.4952
intvolume: '         9'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://papers.phmsociety.org/index.php/phme/article/view/4952
oa: '1'
page: 1-10
place: Oslo
popular_science: '1'
publication: PHM Society European Conference
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2325-016X
  - 2325-016X
publication_status: published
publisher: PHM Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
  link:
  - relation: confirmation
    url: https://papers.phmsociety.org/index.php/phme/article/view/4952
status: public
title: Prediction and simulation of battery pack usage for intelligent service robot
  deployment at a train station
type: conference
user_id: '47233'
volume: 9
year: '2026'
...