---
_id: '63732'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Time lenses have been recognized as crucial components for manipulating ultrafast
    optical pulses in various applications, from ultrafast spectroscopy to the interfacing
    of optical quantum systems. A time lens is characterized by its chirp rate, which
    determines the focusing strength of the time lens, and accurate knowledge of this
    chirp is critical for precise dispersion compensation and minimizing aberrations.
    Here, we introduce a tunable time aperture model for sinusoidal time lenses that
    provides a more accurate estimate of the effective chirp rate without modifying
    the device. We derive a closed-form expression for the maximum phase error and
    show how it depends on the time aperture. We experimentally demonstrate a 1.6-fold
    improvement in spectral bandwidth compression of Gaussian pulses compared to the
    conventional approach. Our framework offers a practical tool for designing efficient
    temporal optical systems, benefiting applications in both classical and quantum
    optics where accurate spectro-temporal shaping is essential.
article_number: '096111'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sanjay
  full_name: Kapoor, Sanjay
  last_name: Kapoor
- first_name: Filip Maksymilian
  full_name: Sośnicki, Filip Maksymilian
  id: '106751'
  last_name: Sośnicki
  orcid: 0000-0002-2465-4645
- first_name: Michał
  full_name: Karpiński, Michał
  last_name: Karpiński
citation:
  ama: Kapoor S, Sośnicki FM, Karpiński M. Aberration-optimized electro-optic time
    lens model using a tunable aperture. <i>APL Photonics</i>. 2025;10(9). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">10.1063/5.0270904</a>
  apa: Kapoor, S., Sośnicki, F. M., &#38; Karpiński, M. (2025). Aberration-optimized
    electro-optic time lens model using a tunable aperture. <i>APL Photonics</i>,
    <i>10</i>(9), Article 096111. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Kapoor_Sośnicki_Karpiński_2025, title={Aberration-optimized electro-optic
    time lens model using a tunable aperture}, volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">10.1063/5.0270904</a>},
    number={9096111}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Kapoor,
    Sanjay and Sośnicki, Filip Maksymilian and Karpiński, Michał}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Kapoor, Sanjay, Filip Maksymilian Sośnicki, and Michał Karpiński. “Aberration-Optimized
    Electro-Optic Time Lens Model Using a Tunable Aperture.” <i>APL Photonics</i>
    10, no. 9 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904</a>.
  ieee: 'S. Kapoor, F. M. Sośnicki, and M. Karpiński, “Aberration-optimized electro-optic
    time lens model using a tunable aperture,” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no.
    9, Art. no. 096111, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">10.1063/5.0270904</a>.'
  mla: Kapoor, Sanjay, et al. “Aberration-Optimized Electro-Optic Time Lens Model
    Using a Tunable Aperture.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 9, 096111, AIP Publishing,
    2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0270904">10.1063/5.0270904</a>.
  short: S. Kapoor, F.M. Sośnicki, M. Karpiński, APL Photonics 10 (2025).
date_created: 2026-01-26T14:24:34Z
date_updated: 2026-01-26T14:27:42Z
department:
- _id: '623'
- _id: '288'
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.1063/5.0270904
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '9'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/app/article/10/9/096111/3364187
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Aberration-optimized electro-optic time lens model using a tunable aperture
type: journal_article
user_id: '106751'
volume: 10
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '63744'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes are an important resource used in various
    branches of quantum science and technology due to their unique helical structure
    and countably infinite basis. Generating light that simultaneously carries high-order
    orbital angular momenta and exhibits quantum correlations is a challenging task.
    In this work, we present a theoretical approach to the generation of correlated
    Schmidt modes carrying OAM via parametric down-conversion (PDC) in cascaded nonlinear
    systems (nonlinear interferometers) pumped by Laguerre–Gaussian beams. We demonstrate
    how the number of generated modes and their population can be controlled by varying
    the pump parameters, the gain of the PDC process, and the distance between the
    crystals. We investigate the angular displacement measurement uncertainty of these
    interferometers and demonstrate that it can overcome the classical shot noise
    limit.
article_number: '016112'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Dennis
  full_name: Scharwald, Dennis
  id: '55907'
  last_name: Scharwald
  orcid: 0009-0007-5654-5412
- first_name: Lucas
  full_name: Gehse, Lucas
  last_name: Gehse
- first_name: Polina
  full_name: Sharapova, Polina
  id: '60286'
  last_name: Sharapova
citation:
  ama: Scharwald D, Gehse L, Sharapova P. Schmidt modes carrying orbital angular momentum
    generated by cascaded systems pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian beams. <i>APL Photonics</i>.
    2025;10(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">10.1063/5.0229802</a>
  apa: Scharwald, D., Gehse, L., &#38; Sharapova, P. (2025). Schmidt modes carrying
    orbital angular momentum generated by cascaded systems pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian
    beams. <i>APL Photonics</i>, <i>10</i>(1), Article 016112. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Scharwald_Gehse_Sharapova_2025, title={Schmidt modes carrying
    orbital angular momentum generated by cascaded systems pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian
    beams}, volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">10.1063/5.0229802</a>},
    number={1016112}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Scharwald,
    Dennis and Gehse, Lucas and Sharapova, Polina}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Scharwald, Dennis, Lucas Gehse, and Polina Sharapova. “Schmidt Modes Carrying
    Orbital Angular Momentum Generated by Cascaded Systems Pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian
    Beams.” <i>APL Photonics</i> 10, no. 1 (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802</a>.
  ieee: 'D. Scharwald, L. Gehse, and P. Sharapova, “Schmidt modes carrying orbital
    angular momentum generated by cascaded systems pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian beams,”
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 016112, 2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">10.1063/5.0229802</a>.'
  mla: Scharwald, Dennis, et al. “Schmidt Modes Carrying Orbital Angular Momentum
    Generated by Cascaded Systems Pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian Beams.” <i>APL Photonics</i>,
    vol. 10, no. 1, 016112, AIP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0229802">10.1063/5.0229802</a>.
  short: D. Scharwald, L. Gehse, P. Sharapova, APL Photonics 10 (2025).
date_created: 2026-01-26T15:48:54Z
date_updated: 2026-02-01T13:19:20Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '569'
- _id: '170'
- _id: '35'
- _id: '429'
doi: 10.1063/5.0229802
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://pubs.aip.org/aip/app/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/5.0229802/20352749/016112_1_5.0229802.pdf
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '53'
  name: 'TRR 142: Maßgeschneiderte nichtlineare Photonik: Von grundlegenden Konzepten
    zu funktionellen Strukturen'
- _id: '56'
  name: TRR 142 - Project Area C
- _id: '174'
  name: 'TRR 142 ; TP: C10: Erzeugung und Charakterisierung von Quantenlicht in nichtlinearen
    Systemen: Eine theoretische Analyse'
- _id: '52'
  name: Computing Resources Provided by the Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Schmidt modes carrying orbital angular momentum generated by cascaded systems
  pumped with Laguerre–Gaussian beams
type: journal_article
user_id: '55907'
volume: 10
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61931'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Recent research revealed that single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting
    lasers under spin injection (spin-VCSELs) have the potential to revolutionize
    laser technology for short-haul optical communications. While previous studies
    have focused solely on single-mode operation, this study introduces multimode
    spin-VCSELs. We experimentally demonstrate the existence of multi-resonant polarization
    dynamics when spin is injected, a phenomenon previously unobserved. The development
    opens the door to significantly faster and more efficient optical communication
    systems by harnessing the collective behavior of multiple laser modes. Furthermore,
    we lay the groundwork for understanding multimode operation through the extension
    of the single-mode spin–flip model, which forms the basis for present and future
    analyses of multimode spin-laser operation. This work is an important step toward
    realizing the full potential of spin-VCSELs and, thus, enables significantly improved
    performance of spin-VCSEL-based optical networks in the future.</jats:p>
article_number: '106120'
author:
- first_name: Uliana
  full_name: Diiankova, Uliana
  last_name: Diiankova
- first_name: Mariusz
  full_name: Drong, Mariusz
  last_name: Drong
- first_name: Tobias
  full_name: Pusch, Tobias
  last_name: Pusch
- first_name: Rainer
  full_name: Michalzik, Rainer
  last_name: Michalzik
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Lindemann, Markus
  last_name: Lindemann
- first_name: Nils Christopher
  full_name: Gerhardt, Nils Christopher
  id: '115298'
  last_name: Gerhardt
  orcid: 0009-0002-5538-231X
- first_name: Martin R.
  full_name: Hofmann, Martin R.
  last_name: Hofmann
citation:
  ama: Diiankova U, Drong M, Pusch T, et al. Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting
    lasers under spin injection. <i>APL Photonics</i>. 2025;10(10). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">10.1063/5.0286998</a>
  apa: Diiankova, U., Drong, M., Pusch, T., Michalzik, R., Lindemann, M., Gerhardt,
    N. C., &#38; Hofmann, M. R. (2025). Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting
    lasers under spin injection. <i>APL Photonics</i>, <i>10</i>(10), Article 106120.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Diiankova_Drong_Pusch_Michalzik_Lindemann_Gerhardt_Hofmann_2025,
    title={Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under spin injection},
    volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">10.1063/5.0286998</a>},
    number={10106120}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Diiankova,
    Uliana and Drong, Mariusz and Pusch, Tobias and Michalzik, Rainer and Lindemann,
    Markus and Gerhardt, Nils Christopher and Hofmann, Martin R.}, year={2025} }'
  chicago: Diiankova, Uliana, Mariusz Drong, Tobias Pusch, Rainer Michalzik, Markus
    Lindemann, Nils Christopher Gerhardt, and Martin R. Hofmann. “Multimode Vertical-Cavity
    Surface-Emitting Lasers under Spin Injection.” <i>APL Photonics</i> 10, no. 10
    (2025). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998</a>.
  ieee: 'U. Diiankova <i>et al.</i>, “Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
    under spin injection,” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 10, Art. no. 106120,
    2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">10.1063/5.0286998</a>.'
  mla: Diiankova, Uliana, et al. “Multimode Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers
    under Spin Injection.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 10, 106120, AIP Publishing,
    2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0286998">10.1063/5.0286998</a>.
  short: U. Diiankova, M. Drong, T. Pusch, R. Michalzik, M. Lindemann, N.C. Gerhardt,
    M.R. Hofmann, APL Photonics 10 (2025).
date_created: 2025-10-23T10:52:59Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T12:39:00Z
department:
- _id: '977'
doi: 10.1063/5.0286998
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Multimode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under spin injection
type: journal_article
user_id: '15911'
volume: 10
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '61110'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: '<jats:p>By analyzing the physics of multi-photon absorption in superconducting
    nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), we identify physical components of
    jitter. From this, we formulate a quantitative physical model of the multi-photon
    detector response that combines the local detection mechanism and local fluctuations
    (hotspot formation and intrinsic jitter) with the thermoelectric dynamics of resistive
    domains. Our model provides an excellent description of the arrival-time histogram
    of a commercial SNSPD across several orders of magnitude, both in arrival-time
    probability and across mean photon number. This is achieved with just three fitting
    parameters: the scaling of the mean arrival time of voltage response pulses, as
    well as the Gaussian and exponential jitter components. Our findings have important
    implications for photon-number-resolving detector design, as well as applications
    requiring low jitter, such as light detection and ranging (LIDAR).</jats:p>'
article_number: '086113'
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Mariia
  full_name: Sidorova, Mariia
  last_name: Sidorova
- first_name: Timon
  full_name: Schapeler, Timon
  id: '55629'
  last_name: Schapeler
  orcid: 0000-0001-7652-1716
- first_name: Alexej D.
  full_name: Semenov, Alexej D.
  last_name: Semenov
- first_name: Fabian
  full_name: Schlue, Fabian
  id: '63579'
  last_name: Schlue
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Stefszky, Michael
  id: '42777'
  last_name: Stefszky
- first_name: Benjamin
  full_name: Brecht, Benjamin
  id: '27150'
  last_name: Brecht
  orcid: '0000-0003-4140-0556 '
- first_name: Christine
  full_name: Silberhorn, Christine
  id: '26263'
  last_name: Silberhorn
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Bartley, Tim
  id: '49683'
  last_name: Bartley
citation:
  ama: Sidorova M, Schapeler T, Semenov AD, et al. Jitter in photon-number-resolved
    detection by superconducting nanowires. <i>APL Photonics</i>. 2025;10(8). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">10.1063/5.0273752</a>
  apa: Sidorova, M., Schapeler, T., Semenov, A. D., Schlue, F., Stefszky, M., Brecht,
    B., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2025). Jitter in photon-number-resolved
    detection by superconducting nanowires. <i>APL Photonics</i>, <i>10</i>(8), Article
    086113. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Sidorova_Schapeler_Semenov_Schlue_Stefszky_Brecht_Silberhorn_Bartley_2025,
    title={Jitter in photon-number-resolved detection by superconducting nanowires},
    volume={10}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">10.1063/5.0273752</a>},
    number={8086113}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Sidorova,
    Mariia and Schapeler, Timon and Semenov, Alexej D. and Schlue, Fabian and Stefszky,
    Michael and Brecht, Benjamin and Silberhorn, Christine and Bartley, Tim}, year={2025}
    }'
  chicago: Sidorova, Mariia, Timon Schapeler, Alexej D. Semenov, Fabian Schlue, Michael
    Stefszky, Benjamin Brecht, Christine Silberhorn, and Tim Bartley. “Jitter in Photon-Number-Resolved
    Detection by Superconducting Nanowires.” <i>APL Photonics</i> 10, no. 8 (2025).
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752</a>.
  ieee: 'M. Sidorova <i>et al.</i>, “Jitter in photon-number-resolved detection by
    superconducting nanowires,” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 8, Art. no. 086113,
    2025, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">10.1063/5.0273752</a>.'
  mla: Sidorova, Mariia, et al. “Jitter in Photon-Number-Resolved Detection by Superconducting
    Nanowires.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 10, no. 8, 086113, AIP Publishing, 2025,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0273752">10.1063/5.0273752</a>.
  short: M. Sidorova, T. Schapeler, A.D. Semenov, F. Schlue, M. Stefszky, B. Brecht,
    C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, APL Photonics 10 (2025).
date_created: 2025-09-01T11:12:19Z
date_updated: 2025-09-02T10:47:08Z
department:
- _id: '623'
- _id: '15'
doi: 10.1063/5.0273752
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - arXiv:2503.17146
intvolume: '        10'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Jitter
- PNR
- SNSPD
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
oa: '1'
project:
- _id: '191'
  name: 'PhoQuant: Photonische Quantencomputer -  Quantencomputing Testplattform'
- _id: '239'
  name: 'ERC-Grant: QuESADILLA: Quantum Engineering Superconducting Array Detectors
    in Low-Light Applications'
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Jitter in photon-number-resolved detection by superconducting nanowires
type: journal_article
user_id: '55629'
volume: 10
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '55553'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Cryogenic opto-electronic interconnects are gaining increasing interest
    as a means to control and readout cryogenic electronic components. The challenge
    is to achieve sufficient signal integrity with low heat load processing. In this
    context, we demonstrate the opto-electronic bias and readout of a commercial four-pixel
    superconducting nanowire single-photon detector array using a cryogenic photodiode
    and laser. We show that this approach has a similar system detection efficiency
    to a conventional bias. Furthermore, multi-pixel detection events are faithfully
    converted between the optical and electrical domains, which allows reliable extraction
    of amplitude multiplexed photon statistics. Our device has a latent heat load
    of 2.6 mW, maintains a signal rise time of 3 ns, and operates in free-running
    (self-resetting) mode at a repetition rate of 600 kHz. This demonstrates the potential
    of high-bandwidth, low noise, and low heat load opto-electronic interconnects
    for scalable cryogenic signal processing and transmission.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Frederik
  full_name: Thiele, Frederik
  id: '50819'
  last_name: Thiele
  orcid: 0000-0003-0663-5587
- first_name: Niklas
  full_name: Lamberty, Niklas
  last_name: Lamberty
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Hummel, Thomas
  id: '83846'
  last_name: Hummel
  orcid: 0000-0001-8627-2119
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Bartley, Tim
  id: '49683'
  last_name: Bartley
citation:
  ama: Thiele F, Lamberty N, Hummel T, Bartley T. Optical bias and cryogenic laser
    readout of a multipixel superconducting nanowire single photon detector. <i>APL
    Photonics</i>. 2024;9(7). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">10.1063/5.0209458</a>
  apa: Thiele, F., Lamberty, N., Hummel, T., &#38; Bartley, T. (2024). Optical bias
    and cryogenic laser readout of a multipixel superconducting nanowire single photon
    detector. <i>APL Photonics</i>, <i>9</i>(7). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Thiele_Lamberty_Hummel_Bartley_2024, title={Optical bias and cryogenic
    laser readout of a multipixel superconducting nanowire single photon detector},
    volume={9}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">10.1063/5.0209458</a>},
    number={7}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Thiele,
    Frederik and Lamberty, Niklas and Hummel, Thomas and Bartley, Tim}, year={2024}
    }'
  chicago: Thiele, Frederik, Niklas Lamberty, Thomas Hummel, and Tim Bartley. “Optical
    Bias and Cryogenic Laser Readout of a Multipixel Superconducting Nanowire Single
    Photon Detector.” <i>APL Photonics</i> 9, no. 7 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458</a>.
  ieee: 'F. Thiele, N. Lamberty, T. Hummel, and T. Bartley, “Optical bias and cryogenic
    laser readout of a multipixel superconducting nanowire single photon detector,”
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 9, no. 7, 2024, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">10.1063/5.0209458</a>.'
  mla: Thiele, Frederik, et al. “Optical Bias and Cryogenic Laser Readout of a Multipixel
    Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 9,
    no. 7, AIP Publishing, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0209458">10.1063/5.0209458</a>.
  short: F. Thiele, N. Lamberty, T. Hummel, T. Bartley, APL Photonics 9 (2024).
date_created: 2024-08-06T06:51:41Z
date_updated: 2024-09-17T09:01:59Z
doi: 10.1063/5.0209458
intvolume: '         9'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Optical bias and cryogenic laser readout of a multipixel superconducting nanowire
  single photon detector
type: journal_article
user_id: '50819'
volume: 9
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '33673'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p> Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors (SNSPDs) have become
    an integral part of quantum optics in recent years because of their high performance
    in single photon detection. We present a method to replace the electrical input
    by supplying the required bias current via the photocurrent of a photodiode situated
    on the cold stage of the cryostat. Light is guided to the bias photodiode through
    an optical fiber, which enables a lower thermal conduction and galvanic isolation
    between room temperature and the cold stage. We show that an off-the-shelf InGaAs–InP
    photodiode exhibits a responsivity of at least 0.55 A/W at 0.8 K. Using this device
    to bias an SNSPD, we characterize the count rate dependent on the optical power
    incident on the photodiode. This configuration of the SNSPD and photodiode shows
    an expected plateau in the single photon count rate with an optical bias power
    on the photodiode above 6.8 µW. Furthermore, we compare the same detector under
    both optical and electrical bias, and show there is no significant changes in
    performance. This has the advantage of avoiding an electrical input cable, which
    reduces the latent heat load by a factor of 100 and, in principle, allows for
    low loss RF current supply at the cold stage. </jats:p>
article_number: '081303'
author:
- first_name: Frederik
  full_name: Thiele, Frederik
  id: '50819'
  last_name: Thiele
  orcid: 0000-0003-0663-5587
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Hummel, Thomas
  id: '83846'
  last_name: Hummel
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Protte, Maximilian
  id: '46170'
  last_name: Protte
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Bartley, Tim
  id: '49683'
  last_name: Bartley
citation:
  ama: Thiele F, Hummel T, Protte M, Bartley T. Opto-electronic bias of a superconducting
    nanowire single photon detector using a cryogenic photodiode. <i>APL Photonics</i>.
    2022;7(8). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">10.1063/5.0097506</a>
  apa: Thiele, F., Hummel, T., Protte, M., &#38; Bartley, T. (2022). Opto-electronic
    bias of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector using a cryogenic photodiode.
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, <i>7</i>(8), Article 081303. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Thiele_Hummel_Protte_Bartley_2022, title={Opto-electronic bias
    of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector using a cryogenic photodiode},
    volume={7}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">10.1063/5.0097506</a>},
    number={8081303}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Thiele,
    Frederik and Hummel, Thomas and Protte, Maximilian and Bartley, Tim}, year={2022}
    }'
  chicago: Thiele, Frederik, Thomas Hummel, Maximilian Protte, and Tim Bartley. “Opto-Electronic
    Bias of a Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector Using a Cryogenic Photodiode.”
    <i>APL Photonics</i> 7, no. 8 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506</a>.
  ieee: 'F. Thiele, T. Hummel, M. Protte, and T. Bartley, “Opto-electronic bias of
    a superconducting nanowire single photon detector using a cryogenic photodiode,”
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 7, no. 8, Art. no. 081303, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">10.1063/5.0097506</a>.'
  mla: Thiele, Frederik, et al. “Opto-Electronic Bias of a Superconducting Nanowire
    Single Photon Detector Using a Cryogenic Photodiode.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol.
    7, no. 8, 081303, AIP Publishing, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0097506">10.1063/5.0097506</a>.
  short: F. Thiele, T. Hummel, M. Protte, T. Bartley, APL Photonics 7 (2022).
date_created: 2022-10-11T07:15:09Z
date_updated: 2023-01-12T15:13:40Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '230'
- _id: '623'
doi: 10.1063/5.0097506
intvolume: '         7'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
language:
- iso: eng
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
status: public
title: Opto-electronic bias of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector using
  a cryogenic photodiode
type: journal_article
user_id: '83846'
volume: 7
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '16112'
article_number: '056103'
author:
- first_name: Jan Philipp
  full_name: Höpker, Jan Philipp
  id: '33913'
  last_name: Höpker
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Gerrits, Thomas
  last_name: Gerrits
- first_name: Adriana
  full_name: Lita, Adriana
  last_name: Lita
- first_name: Stephan
  full_name: Krapick, Stephan
  last_name: Krapick
- first_name: Harald
  full_name: Herrmann, Harald
  id: '216'
  last_name: Herrmann
- first_name: Raimund
  full_name: Ricken, Raimund
  last_name: Ricken
- first_name: Viktor
  full_name: Quiring, Viktor
  last_name: Quiring
- first_name: Richard
  full_name: Mirin, Richard
  last_name: Mirin
- first_name: Sae Woo
  full_name: Nam, Sae Woo
  last_name: Nam
- first_name: Christine
  full_name: Silberhorn, Christine
  id: '26263'
  last_name: Silberhorn
- first_name: Tim
  full_name: Bartley, Tim
  id: '49683'
  last_name: Bartley
citation:
  ama: Höpker JP, Gerrits T, Lita A, et al. Integrated transition edge sensors on
    titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides. <i>APL Photonics</i>. Published
    online 2019. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">10.1063/1.5086276</a>
  apa: Höpker, J. P., Gerrits, T., Lita, A., Krapick, S., Herrmann, H., Ricken, R.,
    Quiring, V., Mirin, R., Nam, S. W., Silberhorn, C., &#38; Bartley, T. (2019).
    Integrated transition edge sensors on titanium in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides.
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, Article 056103. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Höpker_Gerrits_Lita_Krapick_Herrmann_Ricken_Quiring_Mirin_Nam_Silberhorn_et
    al._2019, title={Integrated transition edge sensors on titanium in-diffused lithium
    niobate waveguides}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">10.1063/1.5086276</a>},
    number={056103}, journal={APL Photonics}, author={Höpker, Jan Philipp and Gerrits,
    Thomas and Lita, Adriana and Krapick, Stephan and Herrmann, Harald and Ricken,
    Raimund and Quiring, Viktor and Mirin, Richard and Nam, Sae Woo and Silberhorn,
    Christine and et al.}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: Höpker, Jan Philipp, Thomas Gerrits, Adriana Lita, Stephan Krapick, Harald
    Herrmann, Raimund Ricken, Viktor Quiring, et al. “Integrated Transition Edge Sensors
    on Titanium In-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguides.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, 2019.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276</a>.
  ieee: 'J. P. Höpker <i>et al.</i>, “Integrated transition edge sensors on titanium
    in-diffused lithium niobate waveguides,” <i>APL Photonics</i>, Art. no. 056103,
    2019, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">10.1063/1.5086276</a>.'
  mla: Höpker, Jan Philipp, et al. “Integrated Transition Edge Sensors on Titanium
    In-Diffused Lithium Niobate Waveguides.” <i>APL Photonics</i>, 056103, 2019, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5086276">10.1063/1.5086276</a>.
  short: J.P. Höpker, T. Gerrits, A. Lita, S. Krapick, H. Herrmann, R. Ricken, V.
    Quiring, R. Mirin, S.W. Nam, C. Silberhorn, T. Bartley, APL Photonics (2019).
date_created: 2020-02-26T15:33:51Z
date_updated: 2023-01-12T13:01:00Z
department:
- _id: '15'
- _id: '230'
doi: 10.1063/1.5086276
language:
- iso: eng
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Integrated transition edge sensors on titanium in-diffused lithium niobate
  waveguides
type: journal_article
user_id: '33913'
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '47948'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulators (EOM) based on thin-film lithium niobate
    bonded to a silicon photonic waveguide circuit have been shown to achieve very
    high modulation bandwidths. Open eye-diagram measurements made in the time domain
    of beyond-small-signal modulation are used to support the modulation-sideband
    measurements in showing that such EOM’s can support high-frequency modulations
    well beyond 100 GHz.
article_number: '096101'
author:
- first_name: Xiaoxi
  full_name: Wang, Xiaoxi
  last_name: Wang
- first_name: Peter O.
  full_name: Weigel, Peter O.
  last_name: Weigel
- first_name: Jie
  full_name: Zhao, Jie
  last_name: Zhao
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Rüsing, Michael
  id: '22501'
  last_name: Rüsing
  orcid: 0000-0003-4682-4577
- first_name: Shayan
  full_name: Mookherjea, Shayan
  last_name: Mookherjea
citation:
  ama: Wang X, Weigel PO, Zhao J, Rüsing M, Mookherjea S. Achieving beyond-100-GHz
    large-signal modulation bandwidth in hybrid silicon photonics Mach Zehnder modulators
    using thin film lithium niobate. <i>APL Photonics</i>. 2019;4(9). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">10.1063/1.5115243</a>
  apa: Wang, X., Weigel, P. O., Zhao, J., Rüsing, M., &#38; Mookherjea, S. (2019).
    Achieving beyond-100-GHz large-signal modulation bandwidth in hybrid silicon photonics
    Mach Zehnder modulators using thin film lithium niobate. <i>APL Photonics</i>,
    <i>4</i>(9), Article 096101. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Wang_Weigel_Zhao_Rüsing_Mookherjea_2019, title={Achieving beyond-100-GHz
    large-signal modulation bandwidth in hybrid silicon photonics Mach Zehnder modulators
    using thin film lithium niobate}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">10.1063/1.5115243</a>},
    number={9096101}, journal={APL Photonics}, publisher={AIP Publishing}, author={Wang,
    Xiaoxi and Weigel, Peter O. and Zhao, Jie and Rüsing, Michael and Mookherjea,
    Shayan}, year={2019} }'
  chicago: Wang, Xiaoxi, Peter O. Weigel, Jie Zhao, Michael Rüsing, and Shayan Mookherjea.
    “Achieving Beyond-100-GHz Large-Signal Modulation Bandwidth in Hybrid Silicon
    Photonics Mach Zehnder Modulators Using Thin Film Lithium Niobate.” <i>APL Photonics</i>
    4, no. 9 (2019). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243</a>.
  ieee: 'X. Wang, P. O. Weigel, J. Zhao, M. Rüsing, and S. Mookherjea, “Achieving
    beyond-100-GHz large-signal modulation bandwidth in hybrid silicon photonics Mach
    Zehnder modulators using thin film lithium niobate,” <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol.
    4, no. 9, Art. no. 096101, 2019, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">10.1063/1.5115243</a>.'
  mla: Wang, Xiaoxi, et al. “Achieving Beyond-100-GHz Large-Signal Modulation Bandwidth
    in Hybrid Silicon Photonics Mach Zehnder Modulators Using Thin Film Lithium Niobate.”
    <i>APL Photonics</i>, vol. 4, no. 9, 096101, AIP Publishing, 2019, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115243">10.1063/1.5115243</a>.
  short: X. Wang, P.O. Weigel, J. Zhao, M. Rüsing, S. Mookherjea, APL Photonics 4
    (2019).
date_created: 2023-10-11T07:42:12Z
date_updated: 2023-10-11T15:50:11Z
doi: 10.1063/1.5115243
extern: '1'
intvolume: '         4'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Computer Networks and Communications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
language:
- iso: eng
publication: APL Photonics
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2378-0967
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Achieving beyond-100-GHz large-signal modulation bandwidth in hybrid silicon
  photonics Mach Zehnder modulators using thin film lithium niobate
type: journal_article
user_id: '22501'
volume: 4
year: '2019'
...
