[{"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"58543","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","abstract":[{"text":"<jats:p>This work analyses load profiles for East African microgrids, and then investigates the integration of electric two-wheelers and portable storage into a solar PV with battery microgrid in Uganda, East Africa. By introducing e-mobility and portable storage, demand side management strategic load growth can thus be achieved and electricity access can be expanded. Battery degradation is also considered. The results showed a 98.5% reduction in PV energy curtailment and a 57% reduction in the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) from 0.808 USD/kWh to 0.350 USD/kWh when the electric two-wheeler and portable storage loads were introduced. Such reductions are important enablers of financial viability and sustainability of microgrids. It is possible to avoid emissions of up to 73.27 tons of CO2/year with the proposed e-bikes, and an average of 160 customers could be served annually as off-microgrid consumers without requiring an investment in additional distribution infrastructure. Annual revenue could be increased by 135% by incorporating the additional loads. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by varying component costs, the battery lifetime, the interest rate, and the priority weighting of the additional loads. The battery costs were found to be a major contributor to lifecycle costs (LCC) and also have a big impact on the LCOE. The interest rate significantly affects the LCC as well.</jats:p>","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication":"Solar","type":"journal_article","title":"Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda","doi":"10.3390/solar4040033","date_updated":"2025-02-10T06:02:32Z","publisher":"MDPI AG","volume":4,"date_created":"2025-02-10T06:01:46Z","author":[{"full_name":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato","id":"88649","last_name":"Kakande","first_name":"Josephine Nakato"},{"first_name":"Godiana Hagile","last_name":"Philipo","id":"88505","full_name":"Philipo, Godiana Hagile"},{"id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan","last_name":"Krauter","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","first_name":"Stefan"}],"year":"2024","page":"694-727","intvolume":"         4","citation":{"chicago":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, Godiana Hagile Philipo, and Stefan Krauter. “Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda.” <i>Solar</i> 4, no. 4 (2024): 694–727. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033</a>.","ieee":"J. N. Kakande, G. H. Philipo, and S. Krauter, “Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda,” <i>Solar</i>, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 694–727, 2024, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">10.3390/solar4040033</a>.","ama":"Kakande JN, Philipo GH, Krauter S. Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda. <i>Solar</i>. 2024;4(4):694-727. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">10.3390/solar4040033</a>","bibtex":"@article{Kakande_Philipo_Krauter_2024, title={Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda}, volume={4}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">10.3390/solar4040033</a>}, number={4}, journal={Solar}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Kakande, Josephine Nakato and Philipo, Godiana Hagile and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2024}, pages={694–727} }","short":"J.N. Kakande, G.H. Philipo, S. Krauter, Solar 4 (2024) 694–727.","mla":"Kakande, Josephine Nakato, et al. “Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda.” <i>Solar</i>, vol. 4, no. 4, MDPI AG, 2024, pp. 694–727, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">10.3390/solar4040033</a>.","apa":"Kakande, J. N., Philipo, G. H., &#38; Krauter, S. (2024). Optimized E-Mobility and Portable Storage Integration in an Isolated Rural Solar Microgrid in Uganda. <i>Solar</i>, <i>4</i>(4), 694–727. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033\">https://doi.org/10.3390/solar4040033</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2673-9941"]},"publication_status":"published","issue":"4"},{"publication":"Solar","type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"This paper presents a model of an energy system for a private household extended by a lifetime prognosis. The energy system was designed for fully covering the year-round energy demand of a private household on the basis of electricity generated by a photovoltaic (PV) system, using a hybrid energy storage system consisting of a hydrogen unit and a lithium-ion battery. Hydrogen is produced with a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyser by PV surplus during the summer months and then stored in a hydrogen tank. Mainly during winter, in terms of lack of PV energy, the hydrogen is converted back into electricity and heat by a fuel cell. The model was created in Matlab/Simulink and is based on real input data. Heat demand was also taken into account and is covered by a heat pump. The simulation period is a full year to account for the seasonality of energy production and demand. Due to high initial costs, the longevity of such an energy system is of vital interest. Therefore, this model was extended by a lifetime prediction in order to optimize the dimensioning with the aim of lifetime extension of a hydrogen-based energy system. Lifetime influencing factors were identified on the basis of a literature review and were integrated in the model. An extensive parameter study was performed to evaluate different dimensionings regarding the energy balance and the lifetime of the three components, electrolyser, fuel cell and lithium-ion battery. The results demonstrate the benefits of a holistic modelling approach and enable a design optimization regarding the use of resources, lifetime and self-sufficiency of the system","lang":"eng"}],"status":"public","_id":"35428","department":[{"_id":"53"}],"user_id":"16148","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2673-9941"]},"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","issue":"1","year":"2023","intvolume":"         3","page":"25-48","citation":{"chicago":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink.” <i>Solar</i> 3, no. 1 (2023): 25–48. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003</a>.","ieee":"M. C. Möller and S. Krauter, “Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink,” <i>Solar</i>, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 25–48, 2023, doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">10.3390/solar3010003</a>.","mla":"Möller, Marius Claus, and Stefan Krauter. “Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink.” <i>Solar</i>, vol. 3, no. 1, MDPI AG, 2023, pp. 25–48, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">10.3390/solar3010003</a>.","short":"M.C. Möller, S. Krauter, Solar 3 (2023) 25–48.","bibtex":"@article{Möller_Krauter_2023, title={Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink}, volume={3}, DOI={<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">10.3390/solar3010003</a>}, number={1}, journal={Solar}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Möller, Marius Claus and Krauter, Stefan}, year={2023}, pages={25–48} }","apa":"Möller, M. C., &#38; Krauter, S. (2023). Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink. <i>Solar</i>, <i>3</i>(1), 25–48. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003</a>","ama":"Möller MC, Krauter S. Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink. <i>Solar</i>. 2023;3(1):25-48. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/solar3010003\">10.3390/solar3010003</a>"},"publisher":"MDPI AG","date_updated":"2023-01-09T06:36:10Z","volume":3,"date_created":"2023-01-09T06:35:00Z","author":[{"first_name":"Marius Claus","last_name":"Möller","full_name":"Möller, Marius Claus","id":"72391"},{"first_name":"Stefan","orcid":"0000-0002-3594-260X","last_name":"Krauter","id":"28836","full_name":"Krauter, Stefan"}],"title":"Dimensioning and Lifetime Prediction Model for a Hybrid, Hydrogen-Based Household PV Energy System Using Matlab/Simulink","doi":"10.3390/solar3010003"}]