---
_id: '30923'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Additive manufacturing (AM) processes are not solely used where maximum
    design freedom meets low lot sizes. Direct microstructure design and topology
    optimization can be realized concomitantly during processing by adjusting the
    geometry, the material composition, and the solidification behavior of the material
    considered. However, when complex specific requirements have to be met, a targeted
    part design is highly challenging. In the field of biodegradable implant surgery,
    a cytocompatible material of an application-adapted shape has to be characterized
    by a specific degradation behavior and reliably predictable mechanical properties.
    For instance, small amounts of oxides can have a significant effect on microstructural
    development, thus likewise affecting the strength and corrosion behavior of the
    processed material. In the present study, biocompatible pure Fe was processed
    using electron powder bed fusion (E-PBF). Two different modifications of the Fe
    were processed by incorporating Fe oxide and Ce oxide in different proportions
    in order to assess their impact on the microstructural evolution, the mechanical
    response and the corrosion behavior. The quasistatic mechanical and chemical properties
    were analyzed and correlated with the final microstructural appearance.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Christof J. J.
  full_name: Torrent, Christof J. J.
  last_name: Torrent
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Krooß, Philipp
  last_name: Krooß
- first_name: Jingyuan
  full_name: Huang, Jingyuan
  last_name: Huang
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Voigt, Markus
  id: '15182'
  last_name: Voigt
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Ebbert, Christoph
  last_name: Ebbert
- first_name: Steffen
  full_name: Knust, Steffen
  last_name: Knust
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Grundmeier, Guido
  id: '194'
  last_name: Grundmeier
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Niendorf, Thomas
  last_name: Niendorf
citation:
  ama: Torrent CJJ, Krooß P, Huang J, et al. Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam
    Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties. <i>Alloys</i>.
    2022;1(1):31-53. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>
  apa: Torrent, C. J. J., Krooß, P., Huang, J., Voigt, M., Ebbert, C., Knust, S.,
    Grundmeier, G., &#38; Niendorf, T. (2022). Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam
    Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties. <i>Alloys</i>,
    <i>1</i>(1), 31–53. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Torrent_Krooß_Huang_Voigt_Ebbert_Knust_Grundmeier_Niendorf_2022,
    title={Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability
    to Corrosion Properties}, volume={1}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>},
    number={1}, journal={Alloys}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Torrent, Christof J.
    J. and Krooß, Philipp and Huang, Jingyuan and Voigt, Markus and Ebbert, Christoph
    and Knust, Steffen and Grundmeier, Guido and Niendorf, Thomas}, year={2022}, pages={31–53}
    }'
  chicago: 'Torrent, Christof J. J., Philipp Krooß, Jingyuan Huang, Markus Voigt,
    Christoph Ebbert, Steffen Knust, Guido Grundmeier, and Thomas Niendorf. “Oxide
    Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion
    Properties.” <i>Alloys</i> 1, no. 1 (2022): 31–53. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. J. J. Torrent <i>et al.</i>, “Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder
    Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties,” <i>Alloys</i>, vol. 1,
    no. 1, pp. 31–53, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.'
  mla: Torrent, Christof J. J., et al. “Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder
    Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties.” <i>Alloys</i>, vol. 1,
    no. 1, MDPI AG, 2022, pp. 31–53, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.
  short: C.J.J. Torrent, P. Krooß, J. Huang, M. Voigt, C. Ebbert, S. Knust, G. Grundmeier,
    T. Niendorf, Alloys 1 (2022) 31–53.
date_created: 2022-04-20T07:57:11Z
date_updated: 2022-04-20T07:59:23Z
department:
- _id: '35'
- _id: '302'
- _id: '321'
doi: 10.3390/alloys1010004
intvolume: '         1'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 31-53
publication: Alloys
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2674-063X
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability
  to Corrosion Properties
type: journal_article
user_id: '7266'
volume: 1
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '62235'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: <jats:p>Additive manufacturing (AM) processes are not solely used where maximum
    design freedom meets low lot sizes. Direct microstructure design and topology
    optimization can be realized concomitantly during processing by adjusting the
    geometry, the material composition, and the solidification behavior of the material
    considered. However, when complex specific requirements have to be met, a targeted
    part design is highly challenging. In the field of biodegradable implant surgery,
    a cytocompatible material of an application-adapted shape has to be characterized
    by a specific degradation behavior and reliably predictable mechanical properties.
    For instance, small amounts of oxides can have a significant effect on microstructural
    development, thus likewise affecting the strength and corrosion behavior of the
    processed material. In the present study, biocompatible pure Fe was processed
    using electron powder bed fusion (E-PBF). Two different modifications of the Fe
    were processed by incorporating Fe oxide and Ce oxide in different proportions
    in order to assess their impact on the microstructural evolution, the mechanical
    response and the corrosion behavior. The quasistatic mechanical and chemical properties
    were analyzed and correlated with the final microstructural appearance.</jats:p>
author:
- first_name: Christof J. J.
  full_name: Torrent, Christof J. J.
  last_name: Torrent
- first_name: Philipp
  full_name: Krooß, Philipp
  last_name: Krooß
- first_name: Jingyuan
  full_name: Huang, Jingyuan
  last_name: Huang
- first_name: Markus
  full_name: Voigt, Markus
  id: '15182'
  last_name: Voigt
- first_name: Christoph
  full_name: Ebbert, Christoph
  id: '7266'
  last_name: Ebbert
- first_name: Steffen
  full_name: Knust, Steffen
  last_name: Knust
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Grundmeier, Guido
  id: '194'
  last_name: Grundmeier
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Niendorf, Thomas
  last_name: Niendorf
citation:
  ama: Torrent CJJ, Krooß P, Huang J, et al. Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam
    Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties. <i>Alloys</i>.
    2022;1(1):31-53. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>
  apa: Torrent, C. J. J., Krooß, P., Huang, J., Voigt, M., Ebbert, C., Knust, S.,
    Grundmeier, G., &#38; Niendorf, T. (2022). Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam
    Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties. <i>Alloys</i>,
    <i>1</i>(1), 31–53. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004</a>
  bibtex: '@article{Torrent_Krooß_Huang_Voigt_Ebbert_Knust_Grundmeier_Niendorf_2022,
    title={Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability
    to Corrosion Properties}, volume={1}, DOI={<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>},
    number={1}, journal={Alloys}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Torrent, Christof J.
    J. and Krooß, Philipp and Huang, Jingyuan and Voigt, Markus and Ebbert, Christoph
    and Knust, Steffen and Grundmeier, Guido and Niendorf, Thomas}, year={2022}, pages={31–53}
    }'
  chicago: 'Torrent, Christof J. J., Philipp Krooß, Jingyuan Huang, Markus Voigt,
    Christoph Ebbert, Steffen Knust, Guido Grundmeier, and Thomas Niendorf. “Oxide
    Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion
    Properties.” <i>Alloys</i> 1, no. 1 (2022): 31–53. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.'
  ieee: 'C. J. J. Torrent <i>et al.</i>, “Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder
    Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties,” <i>Alloys</i>, vol. 1,
    no. 1, pp. 31–53, 2022, doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.'
  mla: Torrent, Christof J. J., et al. “Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder
    Bed Fusion—From Processability to Corrosion Properties.” <i>Alloys</i>, vol. 1,
    no. 1, MDPI AG, 2022, pp. 31–53, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/alloys1010004">10.3390/alloys1010004</a>.
  short: C.J.J. Torrent, P. Krooß, J. Huang, M. Voigt, C. Ebbert, S. Knust, G. Grundmeier,
    T. Niendorf, Alloys 1 (2022) 31–53.
date_created: 2025-11-18T12:01:42Z
date_updated: 2025-11-18T12:04:45Z
department:
- _id: '35'
- _id: '302'
- _id: '321'
doi: 10.3390/alloys1010004
intvolume: '         1'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
page: 31-53
publication: Alloys
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2674-063X
publication_status: published
publisher: MDPI AG
status: public
title: Oxide Modified Iron in Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion—From Processability
  to Corrosion Properties
type: journal_article
user_id: '7266'
volume: 1
year: '2022'
...