@article{27524, abstract = {{ Because of widespread irregular lunch consumption by both children and adults, information on the effects of lunch on short-term cognitive functioning is relevant to public health. In September 2012, a MEDLINE search was conducted for studies in which the effects of lunch on cognitive performance were examined. Eleven experimental studies published from 1981 to 1996 were found and evaluated; all involved adults. In three studies, the effects of lunch and lunch skipping were compared; the remaining studies involved a determination of the effects of lunch size and lunch composition. Results of studies in which lunch was compared with no lunch indicate that lunch leads to potential impairment of some aspects of cognitive functioning in the early afternoon. Lunch size may influence cognitive functioning, with impairment more likely to occur after a large lunch than a small lunch. Furthermore, in comparison with low-fat lunches, high-fat lunches seem to result in slower but more accurate responses to some cognitive tasks. However, these suggestions must be viewed with caution, as they are based on only a few studies and are not thoroughly supported by high-quality evidence. In addition, results obtained with adults are not applicable to children. Thus, the potential effects of lunch need further examination in children and adults. }}, author = {{Müller, Katrin and Libuda, Lars and Terschlüsen, Anna Maria and Kersting, Mathilde}}, issn = {{1486-3847}}, journal = {{Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research}}, pages = {{181--188}}, title = {{{A Review of the Effects of Lunch: On Adults’ Short-term Cognitive Functioning}}}, doi = {{10.3148/74.4.2013.181}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{27581, author = {{Mesch, C. and Stimming, M. and Wagner, A. and Libuda, Lars and Kersting, M.}}, journal = {{Ernährungsumschau International}}, pages = {{110--115}}, title = {{{Rekrutierung von Müttern mit Säuglingen in einer Interventionsstudie – erste Erkenntnisse aus der PINGU-Studie. }}}, volume = {{7}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{27732, author = {{Assmann, K.E. and Joslowski, G. and Buyken, Anette and Cheng, G. and Remer, T. and Kroke, A. and Günther, A.L.B.}}, issn = {{1930-7381}}, journal = {{Obesity}}, pages = {{E782--E789}}, title = {{{Prospective association of protein intake during puberty with body composition in young adulthood}}}, doi = {{10.1002/oby.20516}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{27733, author = {{Günther, Anke L. B. and Walz, Helena and Kroke, Anja and Wudy, Stefan A. and Riedel, Christina and von Kries, Rüdiger and Joslowski, Gesa and Remer, Thomas and Cheng, Guo and Buyken, Anette}}, issn = {{1932-6203}}, journal = {{PLoS ONE}}, title = {{{Breastfeeding and Its Prospective Association with Components of the GH-IGF-Axis, Insulin Resistance and Body Adiposity Measures in Young Adulthood – Insights from Linear and Quantile Regression Analysis}}}, doi = {{10.1371/journal.pone.0079436}}, year = {{2013}}, } @phdthesis{11619, abstract = {{Reconfigurable circuit devices have opened up a fundamentally new way of creating adaptable systems. Combined with artificial evolution, reconfigurable circuits allow an elegant adaptation approach to compensating for changes in the distribution of input data, computational resource errors, and variations in resource requirements. Referred to as ``Evolvable Hardware'' (EHW), this paradigm has yielded astonishing results for traditional engineering challenges and has discovered intriguing design principles, which have not yet been seen in conventional engineering. In this thesis, we present new and fundamental work on Evolvable Hardware motivated by the insight that Evolvable Hardware needs to compensate for events with different change rates. To solve the challenge of different adaptation speeds, we propose a unified adaptation approach based on multi-objective evolution, evolving and propagating candidate solutions that are diverse in objectives that may experience radical changes. Focusing on algorithmic aspects, we enable Cartesian Genetic Programming (CGP) model, which we are using to encode Boolean circuits, for multi-objective optimization by introducing a meaningful recombination operator. We improve the scalability of CGP by objectives scaling, periodization of local- and global-search algorithms, and the automatic acquisition and reuse of subfunctions using age- and cone-based techniques. We validate our methods on the applications of adaptation of hardware classifiers to resource changes, recognition of muscular signals for prosthesis control and optimization of processor caches.}}, author = {{Kaufmann, Paul}}, isbn = {{978-3-8325-3530-8}}, pages = {{249}}, publisher = {{Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH}}, title = {{{Adapting Hardware Systems by Means of Multi-Objective Evolution}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @phdthesis{17440, author = {{Eikel, Benjamin}}, title = {{{Spherical visibility sampling : preprocessed visibility for occlusion culling in complex 3D scenes}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{1799, author = {{Ali-Ahmad, Hassan and Cicconetti, Claudio and de la Oliva, Antonio and Draxler, Martin and Gupta, Rohit and Mancuso, Vincenzo and Roullet, Laurent and Sciancalepore, Vincenzo}}, booktitle = {{2013 Second European Workshop on Software Defined Networks}}, isbn = {{9781479924332}}, publisher = {{IEEE}}, title = {{{CROWD: An SDN Approach for DenseNets}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ewsdn.2013.11}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inbook{1804, author = {{de la Oliva, Antonio and Morelli, Arianna and Mancuso, Vincenzo and Draexler, Martin and Hentschel, Tim and Melia, Telemaco and Seite, Pierrick and Cicconetti, Claudio}}, booktitle = {{Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering}}, isbn = {{9783642379345}}, issn = {{1867-8211}}, pages = {{28--41}}, publisher = {{Springer Berlin Heidelberg}}, title = {{{Denser Networks for the Future Internet, the CROWD Approach}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-3-642-37935-2_3}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{22378, author = {{Meyer, Tobias and Hölscher, Christian and Menke, Michael and Sextro, Walter and Zimmer, Detmar}}, booktitle = {{PAMM - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics }}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{483--484}}, publisher = {{Gesellschaft für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik (GAMM)}}, title = {{{Multiobjective Optimization including Safety of Operation Applied to a Linear Drive System}}}, doi = {{10.1002/pamm.201310234}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{23125, author = {{Khatab, Shaady and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, booktitle = {{IEEE International Conference on System Science and Engineering (ICSSE)}}, pages = {{117 -- 121}}, publisher = {{IEEE Xplore}}, title = {{{Trajectory Optimization and Optimal Control of Vehicle Dynamics under Critically Stable Driving Conditions}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inbook{23148, author = {{Reinold, Peter and Sextro, Walter and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, booktitle = {{Dependability of Self-Optimizing Mechatronic Systems}}, pages = {{131--135}}, publisher = {{Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany}}, title = {{{Dependability-oriented Multiobjective Optimization}}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inbook{8789, author = {{Reuter, Dirk and Gerth, Gerhard and Kirschner, J.}}, booktitle = {{Surface Diffusion}}, isbn = {{9781489902641}}, issn = {{0258-1221}}, title = {{{Surface Diffusion of 3d-Metals on W(110)}}}, doi = {{10.1007/978-1-4899-0262-7_43}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{9807, abstract = {{Recently, focus on maintenance strategies has been shifted towards prognostic health management (PHM) and a number of state of the art algorithms based on data-driven prognostics have been developed to predict the health states of degrading components based on sensory data. Amongst these algorithms, Multiclass Support Vector Machines (MC-SVM) has gained popularity due to its relatively high classification accuracy, ability to classify multiple patterns and capability to handle noisy /incomplete data. However, its application is limited by the difficulty in determining the required kernel function and penalty parameters. To address this problem, this paper proposes a hybrid differential evolution -- particle swarm optimization (DE-PSO) algorithm to optimize the MC-SVM kernel function and penalty parameters. The differential algorithm (DE) obtains the search limit for the SVM parameters, while the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) determines the global optimum parameters for a given training data set. Since degrading machinery components display several degradation stages in their lifetime, the MC-SVM trained with optimum parameters are used to estimate the health states of a degrading machinery component, from which the remaining useful life (RUL) is predicted. This method improves the classification accuracy of MC-SVM in predicting the health states of a machinery component and consequently increases the accuracy of RUL predictions. The feasibility of the method is validated using bearing prognostic run-to-failure data obtained from NASA public data repository. A comparative study between MC-SVM with parameters obtained using simple grid search with n-fold cross validation and MCSVM with DE-PSO based on prognostic performance metrics reveals that the proposed method has better performance, with all the cases considered falling within a 10 \% error margin. The method also outperforms other soft computing methods proposed in literature.}}, author = {{Kimotho, James Kuria and Sondermann-Wölke, Christopher and Meyer, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, journal = {{Chemical Engineering Transactions}}, pages = {{619--624}}, title = {{{Machinery Prognostic Method Based on Multi-Class Support Vector Machines and Hybrid Differential Evolution -- Particle Swarm Optimization}}}, doi = {{10.3303/CET1333104}}, volume = {{33}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{9808, abstract = {{This study presents the methods employed by a team from the department of Mechatronics and Dynamics at the University of Paderborn, Germany for the 2013 PHM data challenge. The focus of the challenge was on maintenance action recommendation for an industrial machinery based on remote monitoring and diagnosis. Since an ensemble of data driven methods has been considered as the state of the art approach in diagnosis and prognosis, the first approach was to evaluate the performance of an ensemble of data driven methods using the parametric data as input and problems (recommended maintenance action) as the output. Due to close correlation of parametric data of different problems, this approach produced high misclassification rate. Event-based decision trees were then constructed to identify problems associated with particular events. To distinguish between problems associated with events that appeared in multiple problems, support vector machine (SVM) with parameters optimally tuned using particle swarm optimization (PSO) was employed. Parametric data was used as the input to the SVM algorithm and majority voting was employed to determine the final decision for cases with multiple events. A total of 165 SVM models were constructed. This approach improved the overall score from 21 to 48. The method was further enhanced by employing an ensemble of three data driven methods, that is, SVM, random forests (RF) and bagged trees (BT), to build the event based models. With this approach, a score of 51 was obtained . The results demonstrate that the proposed event based method can be effective in maintenance action recommendation based on events codes and parametric data acquired remotely from an industrial equipment.}}, author = {{Kimotho, James Kuria and Sondermann-Wölke, Chritoph and Meyer, Tobias and Sextro, Walter}}, journal = {{International Journal of Prognostics and Health Management}}, keywords = {{maintenance decision, Bagged trees, Decision trees, PSO-SVM, Random forests}}, number = {{2}}, title = {{{Application of Event Based Decision Tree and Ensemble of Data Driven Methods for Maintenance Action Recommendation}}}, volume = {{4}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{9858, abstract = {{In this contribution, we introduce a multiobjective optimization used to calculate safe optimal working points for a mechatronic system by including stochastic safety-critical signals in an objective function. Our application example consists of a linear drive for a rail-bound vehicle and an actuation unit. The linear drive's secondary part is fixed; the primary part is vehicle-mounted and can be adjusted vertically to account for deviations of the height of the secondary part. A small air gap between both parts improves efficiency, but increases the risk of a collision between the two parts. Using height data of the secondary part, a trajectory for the vertical adjustment of the primary part is calculated. However, unexpected deviations necessitate a readjustment of the air gap. The probability of such unexpected height deviations can be calculated from the readjustment data. The system is equipped with sensors to measure the air gap. Assuming that the sensor noise is normally distributed, noise characteristics are determined. Using this information and the probability distribution of unexpected height deviations, the probability of a collision is determined.T he sensor noise and the probability of a collision between both parts of the linear drive are included in the dynamical model of the system. Using multiobjective optimization, pareto-optimal working points for the controller of the air gap are obtained. By selecting an appropriate working point, safe operation can be ensured.}}, author = {{Meyer, Tobias and Hölscher, Christina and Menke, Michael and Sextro, Walter and Zimmer, Detmar}}, booktitle = {{Proc. Appl. Math. Mech.}}, pages = {{483--484}}, title = {{{Multiobjective Optimization including Safety of Operation Applied to a Linear Drive System}}}, doi = {{10.1002/pamm.201310234}}, volume = {{13}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{9859, abstract = {{Self-optimizing mechatronic systems allow the adaptation of the system's behavior to the current situation. This can be used to actively adapt the behavior to the current degradation state of the system or of some of its components. To this end, the Multi-Level Dependability Concept has been developed. In this contribution, we show how the Multi-Level Dependability Concept has been applied to the active suspension module of an innovative rail-bound vehicle. For this module, the usage of control reconfiguration, which is a novel approach to exploit complex redundancy systems, is required. We show that by combining self-optimization with the possibilities given by control reconfiguration, the dependability of a complex mechatronic system can be greatly improved.}}, author = {{Meyer , Tobias and Henning Keßler, Jan and Sextro, Walter and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS)}}, title = {{{Increasing Intelligent Systems' Reliability by Using Reconfiguration}}}, doi = {{10.1109/RAMS.2013.6517636}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{9860, abstract = {{Self-optimizing mechatronic systems offer possibilities well beyond those of traditional mechatronic systems. Among these is the adaptation of the system behavior to the current situation. To do so, they are able to choose from different working points, which are pre-calculated using multiobjective optimization and are thus Pareto-optimal with regard to the chosen objective functions. In this contribution, a method is presented that allows to continuously control the system degradation by adapting the behavior of a selfoptimizing system throughout its complete lifetime. The current remaining useful lifetime is estimated and then related to the spent lifetime and the desired useful lifetime. Using this information, a reliability-related objective is prioritized using a closed-loop control, which in turn is used to determine the working point of the self-optimizing system. This way, the desired useful lifetime can be achieved. To exemplify the setup of the controller structure and to demonstrate the adaptation of the system behavior, a dynamic model of a clutch system is used. It can be seen that the closed loop controller is able to correct for external perturbations, such as changed requirements, as well as changed system parameters. This way, the modeled system is able to achieve the desired lifetime reliably.}}, author = {{Meyer, Tobias and Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Kimotho, James Kuria and Sextro, Walter}}, journal = {{Chemical Engineering Transactions}}, pages = {{625--630}}, title = {{{Controlling the Remaining Useful Lifetime using Self-Optimization}}}, doi = {{10.3303/CET1333105}}, volume = {{33}}, year = {{2013}}, } @misc{9863, abstract = {{The 9th International Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators (IWPMA 2012) was successfully held on 22–25 April 2012 in Hirosaki, Japan. The general chair was Prof. M.K. Kurosawa from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan. In the past, Korea, Germany, Turkey, China, and USA have hosted the annual conference, but this was the first time for the annual IWPMA conference to be held in Japan. The IWPMA 2012 was organized as a joint symposium with JTTAS Smart Actuator/Sensor Study Committee and ICAT International Actuator Symposium. More than 150 people from the world (12 countries) participated and had fruitful discussions with 138 presentations including 11 invited talks. In addition to piezoelectric materials and piezoelectric actuators, the presentation topics were expanded to include solid-state actuators, energy harvesting, multifunctional materials, and other current important issues. It is our honor to pronounce that the “Sensors and Actuators A” journal has published this special issue on the IWPMA 2012 including the best 25 contributions. This issue covers the functional materials, such as piezoelectric and magnetostrictive materials, and their applications. However, for the innovative devices, various ideas concerning materials, mechanisms, designs, fabrication process, and control-systems are also required to be organically combined. From the view of this concept, we believe the published 25 papers can excite the researcher's intellectual curiosity concerning these issues and can serve as the driving force for further breakthroughs. Please enjoy the latest research results selected by our editor team. Finally, we appreciate all participants in the IWPMA 2012 and the devoted reviewers for the publication. We hope that the papers in this special issue will open up the next researches, which will be presented in the future IWPMA conferences.}}, booktitle = {{Sensors and Actuators A: Physical}}, editor = {{Morita, Takeshi and Hemsel, Tobias and Ijima, T. and Jeong, D. Y. and Kanda, T. and Twiefel, Jens and Uzgur, E. and Lallart, M.}}, location = {{Hirosaki}}, pages = {{1--172}}, publisher = {{Elsevier}}, title = {{{Selected Papers from the 9th International Workshop on Piezoelectric Materials and Applications in Actuators}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.sna.2013.06.017}}, volume = {{200}}, year = {{2013}}, } @article{9866, abstract = {{The hydrothermal method utilizes a solution-based chemical reaction to synthesize piezoelectric thin films and powders. This method has a number of advantages, such as low-temperature synthesis, and high purity and high quality of the product. In order to promote hydrothermal reactions, we developed an ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal method and confirmed that it produces dense and thick lead--zirconate--titanate (PZT) films. In the hydrothermal method, a crystal growth process follows the nucleation process. In this study, we verified that ultrasonic irradiation is effective for the nucleation process, and there is an optimum irradiation period to obtain thicker PZT films. With this optimization, a 9.2-$\mu$ m-thick PZT polycrystalline film was obtained in a single deposition process. For this film, ultrasonic irradiation was carried out from the beginning of the reaction for 18 h, followed by a 6 h deposition without ultrasonic irradiation. These results indicate that the ultrasonic irradiation mainly promotes the nucleation process.}}, author = {{Ohta, Kanako and Isobe, Gaku and Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Morita, Takeshi}}, issn = {{0041-624X}}, journal = {{Ultrasonics}}, keywords = {{Piezoelectric material}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{837 -- 841}}, title = {{{Study on optimizing ultrasonic irradiation period for thick polycrystalline PZT film by hydrothermal method}}}, doi = {{10.1016/j.ultras.2012.12.003}}, volume = {{53}}, year = {{2013}}, } @inproceedings{517, abstract = {{In the Semantic (Web) Services area, services are considered black boxes with a semantic description of their interfaces as to allow for precise service selection and configuration. The semantic description is usually grounded on domain-specific concepts as modeled in ontologies. This accounts for types used in service signatures, but also predicates occurring in preconditions and effects of services. Ontologies, in particular those enhanced with rules, capture the knowledge of domain experts on properties of and relations between domain concepts. In this paper, we present a verification technique for service compositions which makes use of this domain knowledge. We consider a service composition to be an assembly of services of which we just know signatures, preconditions, and effects. We aim at proving that a composition satisfies a (user-defined) requirement, specified in terms of guaranteed preconditions and required postconditions. As an underlying verification engine we use an SMT solver. To take advantage of the domain knowledge (and often, to enable verification at all), the knowledge is fed into the solver in the form of sorts, uninterpreted functions and in particular assertions as to enhance the solver’s reasoning capabilities. Thereby, we allow for deductions within a domain previously unknown to the solver. We exemplify our technique on a case study from the area of water network optimization software.}}, author = {{Walther, Sven and Wehrheim, Heike}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 18th IEEE International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS)}}, pages = {{24 -- 32 }}, title = {{{Knowledge-Based Verification of Service Compositions - An SMT approach}}}, doi = {{10.1109/ICECCS.2013.14}}, year = {{2013}}, }