@inbook{27590, author = {{Remer, T. and Libuda, Lars}}, booktitle = {{Nutritional Influences on Bone Health. }}, isbn = {{978-1-84882-977-0}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Bone-anabolic impact of dietary high protein intake compared with effects of low potential renal acid load, endogenous steroid hormones, and muscularity in children. }}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{27723, author = {{Remer, Thomas and Shi, Lijie and Buyken, Anette and Maser-Gluth, Christiane and Hartmann, Michaela F. and Wudy, Stefan A.}}, issn = {{0021-972X}}, journal = {{The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism}}, pages = {{3002--3009}}, title = {{{Prepubertal Adrenarchal Androgens and Animal Protein Intake Independently and Differentially Influence Pubertal Timing}}}, doi = {{10.1210/jc.2009-2583}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{27725, abstract = {{ Whether prepubertal estrogen production impacts on the timing of puberty is not clear. We aimed to investigate prepubertal 24-h estrogen excretion levels and their association with early and late pubertal markers. Daily urinary excretion rates of estrogens of 132 healthy children, who provided 24-h urine samples 1 and 2 yr before the start of the pubertal growth spurt [age at takeoff (ATO)], were quantified by stable isotope dilution/GC-MS. E-sum3 (estrone + estradiol + estriol) was used as a marker for potentially bioactive estrogen metabolites and E-sum5 (E-sum3 + 16-epiestriol + 16-ketoestradiol) for total estrogen production. Pubertal outcomes were ATO, age at peak height velocity (APHV), duration of pubertal growth acceleration (APHV-ATO), age at Tanner stage 2 for pubic hair (PH2), genital (G2, boys) and breast (B2, girls) development, and age at menarche. Prepubertal urinary estrogen excretions (E-sum3 and E-sum5) were not associated with ATO, APHV, and age at PH2 but with duration of pubertal growth acceleration ( P < 0.01) in both sexes. Girls with higher E-sum3 reached B2 0.9 yr ( P = 0.04) and menarche 0.3 yr earlier ( P = 0.04) than girls with lower E-sum3. E-sum3 was not associated with age at G2 in boys ( P = 0.6). For most pubertal variables, the associations with E-sum3 were stronger than with E-sum5. In conclusion, prepubertal estrogens may not be critical for the onset of the pubertal growth spurt but are correlated with its duration in both boys and girls. Prepubertal estrogen levels may already predict the timing of girls' menstruation and breast development but do not appear to affect sexual maturation in boys. }}, author = {{Shi, Lijie and Remer, Thomas and Buyken, Anette and Hartmann, Michaela F. and Hoffmann, Philipp and Wudy, Stefan A.}}, issn = {{0193-1849}}, journal = {{American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism}}, pages = {{E990--E997}}, title = {{{Prepubertal urinary estrogen excretion and its relationship with pubertal timing}}}, doi = {{10.1152/ajpendo.00374.2010}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{27726, author = {{Buyken, Anette and Bolzenius, Katja and Karaolis-Danckert, Nadina and Günther, Anke L.B. and Kroke, Anja}}, issn = {{1042-0533}}, journal = {{American Journal of Human Biology}}, pages = {{216--224}}, title = {{{Body composition trajectories into adolescence according to age at pubertal growth spurt}}}, doi = {{10.1002/ajhb.21125}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{27780, author = {{Buyken, Anette and Mitchell, P. and Ceriello, A. and Brand-Miller, J.}}, issn = {{0012-186X}}, journal = {{Diabetologia}}, pages = {{406--418}}, title = {{{Optimal dietary approaches for prevention of type 2 diabetes: a life-course perspective}}}, doi = {{10.1007/s00125-009-1629-8}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{27781, author = {{Degen, Gisela H. and Blaszkewicz, Meinolf and Shi, Lijie and Buyken, Anette and Remer, Thomas}}, issn = {{1613-4125}}, journal = {{Molecular Nutrition & Food Research}}, pages = {{359--367}}, title = {{{Urinary isoflavone phytoestrogens in German children and adolescents - A longitudinal examination in the DONALD cohort}}}, doi = {{10.1002/mnfr.201000325}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{17422, abstract = {{Commercial software of material flow simulations has the ability to layout the simulated models. Arranged equipment, such as conveyors or machines, includes the need to model and determine motion paths for moving objects like forklifts or automatically guided vehicles, so that the simulation framework is able to navigate all vehicles across those motion paths. After analyzing first scenarios, the user often carries out layout changes in the simulation model, e.g. moving, adding or deleting equipment. However, those changes cause time consuming, additional modeling of the motion paths for the user. Our motion planning algorithm reduces these changes by automatically determining the motion paths for moving objects, depending on an actual model layout without colliding with other objects. The algorithm works on the basis of the virtual scene’s 3D-data used for the simulation model’s visualization. We demonstrate the technique with a multi-floor building example.}}, author = {{Fischer, Matthias and Renken, Hendrik and Laroque, Christoph and Schaumann, Guido and Dangelmaier, Wilhelm}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2010 Winter Simulation Conference}}, isbn = {{9781424498666}}, title = {{{Automated 3D-motion planning for ramps and stairs in intra-logistics material flow simulations}}}, doi = {{10.1109/wsc.2010.5678906}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{23858, abstract = {{A large proportion of plastics today is compounded, which means the process from refining a raw material to the processable material. For this process compounding extruders are used which mostly involve tightly intermeshing, co-rotating twin screw extruders. These extruders consist of two closely spaced screws which rotate in the same direction and convey the raw material to the screw tip. These screws are surrounded by several barrel modules which heat or cool the material. As the whole design of the machine is modularly arranged the process behavior of a twin screw extruder depends for the main part on the arrangement of the screw and the barrel elements. Until today this arrangement and process optimization is conducted by experienced engineers and with the help of trial-and-error methods. Furthermore, theoretical models are used with which the behavior of the extruder is estimated. As these models are mostly very complex they are only made available with the realization in different software projects. One of the tools is called SIGMA. Within this paper SIGMA is introduced as a software to optimize a twin screw extruder. SIGMA supports the engineer already in the early stages of the extruder arrangement.}}, author = {{Kretzschmar, Nils and Schöppner, Volker}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the 2010 Summer Computer Simulation Conference}}, keywords = {{process optimization, polymer engineering, compounding, twin screw extruder, simulation}}, pages = {{133–140}}, publisher = {{Society for Computer Simulation International}}, title = {{{Simulating Tightly Intermeshing, Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extruders with SIGMA}}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{23207, author = {{Gausemeier, Sandra and Jäker, Karl-Peter and Trächtler, Ansgar}}, journal = {{Proc. 6th IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control AAC}}, title = {{{Multi-objective Optimization of a Vehicle Velocity Profile by Means of Dynamic Programming}}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{5685, abstract = {{In double-sided markets for computing resources an optimal allocation schedule among job offers and requests subject to relevant capacity constraints can be determined. With increasing storage demands and emerging storage services the question how to schedule storage jobs becomes more and more interesting. Since such scheduling problems are often in the class NP-complete an exact computation is not feasible in practice. On the other hand an approximation to the optimal solution can easily be found by means of using heuristics. The problem with this attempt is that the suggested solution may not be exactly optimal and is thus less satisfying. Considering the two above mentioned solution approaches one can clearly find a trade-off between the optimality of the solution and the efficiency to get to a solution at all. This work proposes to apply and combine heuristics in optimization to gain from both of their benefits while reducing the problematic aspects. Following this method it is assumed to get closer to the optimal solution in a shorter time compared to a full optimization.}}, author = {{Finkbeiner, Josef and Bodenstein, Christian and Schryen, Guido and Neumann, Dirk}}, booktitle = {{18th European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2010)}}, keywords = {{Decision Support System, Algorithms, Optimization, Market Engineering}}, title = {{{Applying heuristic methods for job scheduling in storage markets}}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{9744, abstract = {{Direct ultrasound irradiation is advantageous to increase the efficiency of the hydrothermal method which can be used for the production of piezoelectric thin films and lead free piezoelectric ceramics. To apply ultrasound directly to the process transducer prototypes were developed regarding the boundary conditions of the hydrothermal method. LiNbO$_{3}$ and PIC 181 were proven as feasible materials for high temperature resistant transducers ($\geq 200^\circ C$). Resistance of the transducers horn against the corrosive mineralizer was achieved by using Hastelloy C-22. The efficiency of the ultrasound assisted hydrothermal method depends on the generated sound field. Impedance and sound field measurements have shown that the sound field depends on the filling level and the position and design of the transducer.}}, author = {{Bornmann, Peter and Hemsel, Tobias and Littmann, Walter and Ageba, Ryo and Kadota, Yoishi and Morita, Takeshi}}, issn = {{1948-5719}}, journal = {{Journal of Korean Physical Society}}, keywords = {{High-temperature transducer, Hydrothermal method, Lithium-niobate transducer}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{1122}}, title = {{{Ultrasonic Transducer for the Hydrothermal Method}}}, doi = {{10.3938/jkps.57.1122}}, volume = {{57}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{9760, abstract = {{Self-optimizing systems are able to adapt their behavior autonomously according to their current self-determined objectives. Unforeseen influences could lead to dependability-critical behavior of the system. Methods are required which secure self-optimizing systems during operation. These methods to increase the dependability of the system should already be taken into consideration in the design process. This paper presents a guideline for the dependability-oriented design of self-optimizing systems, which integrates established classical methods like failure mode and effects analysis as well as methods based on self-optimization. On the one hand self-optimization is used to increase the dependability of the system by integrating objectives like safety, availability, and reliability to the objectives of the system. On the other hand methods are required to ensure the self-optimization itself. As basis for this guideline serves the principle solution of the system. The six phases of the guideline extend the design process and lead to an enhanced principle solution. Additionally, the guideline illustrates phases to implement and validate the self-optimizing system. The proposed guideline is applied to an innovative rail-bound vehicle, called RailCab, which is equipped with self-optimizing function modules.}}, author = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Hemsel, Tobias and Sextro, Walter and Gausemeier, Jürgen and Pook, Sebastian}}, booktitle = {{Industrial Informatics (INDIN), 2010 8th IEEE International Conference on}}, keywords = {{RailCab, dependability-critical behavior, dependability-oriented design, failure mode, rail-bound vehicle, secure self-optimizing systems, self-optimizing function modules, optimisation, railways, self-adjusting systems}}, pages = {{739 --744}}, title = {{{Guideline for the dependability-oriented design of self-optimizing systems}}}, doi = {{10.1109/INDIN.2010.5549490}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{9761, abstract = {{New mechatronic systems, called self-optimizing systems, are able to adapt their behavior according to environmental, user and system specific influences. Self-optimizing systems are complex and due to their non-deterministic behavior comprise hidden risks, which cannot be foreseen in the design phase of the system. Therefore, modifications of the ISO 17359 condition monitoring policy for being able to cope with this new kind of systems are presented. Besides avoiding critical situations evoked by self-optimization, the proposed concept uses self-optimization to increase the dependability of the system. This concept is applied to the active guidance module of an innovative rail-bound vehicle. First test drives provide information for the enhancement of the implementation of realtime switching to appropriate control strategies. The different control strategies are investigated in detail. It is illustrated that influences on the system like different track sections or the desired velocity of the RailCab effect the system and can lead to a higher amount of flange contacts, which indicate higher wear and thus a reduction of the availability of the system. Therefore, these influences should be minded within the condition monitoring policy. Consequently, this article presents the condition monitoring policy for self-optimizing function modules and its application to the active railway guidance module.}}, author = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Sextro, Walter}}, journal = {{International Journal On Advances in Intelligent Systems}}, keywords = {{dependability, condition monitoring, selfoptimization, active railway guidance module}}, number = {{1 - 3}}, pages = {{65 -- 74}}, title = {{{Integration of Condition Monitoring in Self-optimizing Function Modules Applied to the Active Railway Guidance Module}}}, volume = {{3}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{9763, abstract = {{Recent advances in information processing enable new kinds of technical systems, called self-optimizing systems. These systems are able to adapt their objectives and their behavior according to the current situation and influences autonomously. This behavior adaptation is non-deterministic and hence self-optimization is a risk to the system, e.g. if the result of the self-optimization process does not match the suddenly changed situation. In contrary, self-optimization could be used to increase the dependability by pursuing objectives like reliability and availability. In our preceding publications we introduced the so called multi-level dependability concept to cope with this new kind of systems (cf. [6]). This concept comprises the monitoring of the system behavior, the classification of the current situation, and the selection of the appropriate measure, if reliability limits are exceeded. In this paper we present for the first time experimental results. The dependability concept is implemented in the self-optimizing active guidance system of a railway vehicle. The test drives illustrate clearly that the proposed concept is able to cope with, e.g., sensor failures, and is able to increase the reliability and availability of the active guidance module.}}, author = {{Sondermann-Wölke, Christoph and Geisler, Jens and Sextro, Walter}}, booktitle = {{Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS), 2010 Proceedings - Annual}}, issn = {{0149-144X}}, keywords = {{availability, dependability concept, multilevel dependability concept, railway vehicle, reliability, self optimizing active guidance system, self optimizing railway guidance system, situation classification, system behavior monitoring, optimal control, railways, reliability theory, self-adjusting systems}}, pages = {{1 --6}}, title = {{{Increasing the reliability of a self-optimizing railway guidance system}}}, doi = {{10.1109/RAMS.2010.5448080}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{4202, abstract = {{Unintentional doping in nonpolar a-plane 112¯0 gallium nitride GaN grown on r-plane 11¯02 sapphire using a three-dimensional 3D–two-dimensional 2D growth method has been characterized. For both 2D only and 3D–2D growth, the presence of an unintentionally doped region adjacent to the GaN/sapphire interface is observed by scanning capacitance microscopy SCM. The average width of this unintentionally doped layer is found to increase with increasing 3D growth time. By using an intentionally doped GaN:Si staircase structure for calibration, it is shown that the unintentionally doped region has an average carrier concentration of 2.50.31018 cm−3. SCM also reveals the presence of unintentionally doped features extending at 60° from the GaN/sapphire interface. The observation of decreasing carrier concentration with distance from the GaN/sapphire interface along these features may suggest that the unintentional doping arises from oxygen diffusion from the sapphire substrate. Low temperature cathodoluminescence spectra reveal emission peaks at 3.41 and 3.30 eV, which are believed to originate from basal plane stacking faults BSFs and prismatic stacking faults PSFs, respectively. It is shown that the inclined features extending from the GaN/sapphire interface exhibit both enhanced BSF and PSF emission. We suggest that enhanced unintentional doping occurs in regions around PSFs. Where BSFs intersect this doped material their emission is also enhanced due to reduced nonradiative recombination. Transmission electron microscopy confirms the presence of PSFs extending through the film at 60° from the GaN/sapphire interface.}}, author = {{Zhu, Tongtong and Johnston, Carol F. and Häberlen, Maik and Kappers, Menno J. and Oliver, Rachel A.}}, issn = {{0021-8979}}, journal = {{Journal of Applied Physics}}, number = {{2}}, publisher = {{AIP Publishing}}, title = {{{Characterization of unintentional doping in nonpolar GaN}}}, doi = {{10.1063/1.3284944}}, volume = {{107}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{4210, abstract = {{In this paper we demonstrate a strain-driven GaN interlayer method to reduce dislocation densities in GaN grown on (111) oriented silicon by metal organic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE). In order to achieve crack-free GaN layers of reasonable thicknesses and dislocation densities it is crucial to integrate both dislocation reduction and strain management layers. In contrast to techniques like FACELO or nanoELO we show the in situ formation of GaN islands directly on the AlN nucleation layer without the need to deposit a SiO2 or SiNx mask. A graded AlGaN layer for strain management can be grown on top of this dislocation reducing 3D GaN inter-layer in order to achieve crack-free GaN layers grown on top of the AlGaN strain management layer. Furthermore, an additional SiNx layer for subsequent dislocation reduction can also be incorporated into the structure and is shown to efficiently reduce the dislocation density down to the low 10^9 cm^2. The structural properties of the 3D GaN island buffer layer and overgrown samples are studied by means of SEM, cross-sectional, and plan view TEM. Cathodoluminiscence in an SEM is employed to correlate the dislocation microstructure as observed by plan view TEM with luminescent properties.}}, author = {{Häberlen, Maik and Zhu, Dandan and McAleese, Clifford and Zhu, Tongtong and Kappers, Menno J. and Humphreys, Colin J.}}, issn = {{0370-1972}}, journal = {{physica status solidi (b)}}, number = {{7}}, pages = {{1753--1756}}, publisher = {{Wiley}}, title = {{{Dislocation reduction in GaN grown on Si(111) using a strain-driven 3D GaN interlayer}}}, doi = {{10.1002/pssb.200983537}}, volume = {{247}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{5642, abstract = {{This paper presents a fuzzy set based decision support model for taking uncertainty into account when making security investment decisions for distributed systems. The proposed model is complementary to robabilistic approaches and useful in situations where probabilistic information is either unavailable or not appropriate to reliably predict future conditions. We ?rst present the speci?cation of a formal security language that allows to specify under which conditions a distributed system is protected against security violations. We show that each term of the security language can be transformed into an equivalent propositional logic term. Then we use propositional logic terms to de?ne a fuzzy set based decision model. This optimization model incorporates uncertainty with regard to the impact of investments on the achieved security levels of components of the distributed system. The model also accounts for budget and security constraints, in order to be applicable in practice.}}, author = {{Schryen, Guido}}, booktitle = {{Sicherheit 2010 : Sicherheit, Schutz und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit ; Konferenzband der 5. Jahrestagung des Fachbereichs Sicherheit der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Informatik e.V. (GI), 5. - 7. Oktober 2010 in Berlin}}, editor = {{C. Freiling, Felix}}, pages = {{289--304}}, publisher = {{Gesellschaft für Informatik}}, title = {{{A Fuzzy Model for IT Security Investments}}}, volume = {{170}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{5644, abstract = {{The economic relevance of information systems has been studied for many years and has attracted an abundance of research papers. However, the ?productivity paradoxon? of the 90s, Carr?s widely recognized paper ?IT doesn?t matter?, and several studies that do not find a positive correlation between IS investments and economic performance reveal long-lasting difficulties for IS researchers to explain ?IS business value?. Business executives and researchers also continue to question the value of IS investments. This raises the question of whether literature reviews have tapped their potential to address the concerns by covering key research areas of IS business value and preserving their key findings. In order to address this question, this paper identifies and describes 12 key research areas, and synthesizes what literature reviews published in pertinent academic outlets have done to preserve knowledge. The analysis of 22 literature reviews shows that some crucial areas have not been (sufficiently) covered. They provide fertile areas for future literature reviews. As this work is based on the results of more than 200 research papers, it is capable of drawing a comprehensive picture of the current state-of-the-art in IS business value research.}}, author = {{Schryen, Guido}}, journal = {{Business \& Information Systems Engineering (BISE)}}, keywords = {{Business value, Information systems, Literature review, Meta review}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{225--237}}, publisher = {{Springer}}, title = {{{Preserving knowledge on IS business value: what literature reviews have done}}}, volume = {{52}}, year = {{2010}}, } @article{5645, abstract = {{The economic relevance of information systems has been studied for many years and has attracted an abundance of research papers. However, the ?productivity paradoxon? of the 1990s, Carr?s widely recognized paper ?IT doesn?t matter?, and several studies that do not find a positive correlation between IS investments and economic performance reveal long-lasting difficulties for IS researchers to explain ?IS business value?. Business executives and researchers also continue to question the value of IS investments. This raises the question of whether literature reviews have tapped their potential to address the concerns by covering key research areas of IS business value and preserving their key findings. In order to address this question, this paper identifies and describes 12 key research areas, and synthesizes what literature reviews published in pertinent academic outlets have done to preserve knowledge. The analysis of 22 literature reviews shows that some crucial areas have not been (sufficiently) covered. They provide fertile areas for future literature reviews. As this work is based on the results of more than 200 research papers, it is capable of drawing a comprehensive picture of the current state-of-the-art in IS business value research.}}, author = {{Schryen, Guido}}, journal = {{Wirtschaftsinformatik}}, number = {{4}}, pages = {{225--237}}, publisher = {{Gabler; Springer}}, title = {{{Ökonomischer Wert von Informationssystemen - Beitrag von Literatur-Reviews zum Wissenserhalt ( = Preserving Knowledge on IS Business Value. What Literature Reviews Have Done)}}}, volume = {{52}}, year = {{2010}}, } @inproceedings{6820, author = {{Bendfeld, Jörg and Tigges, Martin and Splett, Michael and Wollenberg, J. and Krieger, Jens}}, booktitle = {{Proceedings of the ICCI2010, 16. International Energy & Environment Fair & Conference}}, title = {{{Optimization of the energy feed-in for renewable energies}}}, year = {{2010}}, }