@inproceedings{25617,
author = {{Schöppner, Volker and Sporkmann, F.}},
booktitle = {{35th International Conference of the Polymer Processing Society (PPS)}},
location = {{Cesme (Türkei)}},
title = {{{Analysis of the Characteristic Flow Areas for Erdmenger-Elements to Predict the Throughput-Pressure Behavior of Co-Rotating Twin Screw Extruders by Using 3D FEM Simulation}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@misc{28364,
author = {{Gausemeier, Jürgen}},
isbn = {{978-3-947647-09-5}},
publisher = {{Verlagsschriftenreihe des Heinz Nixdorf Instituts, Paderborn}},
title = {{{Vorausschau und Technologieplanung. 15. Symposium für Vorausschau und Technologieplanung, Heinz Nixdorf Institut, 21. und 22. November 2019}}},
volume = {{390}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inproceedings{24058,
abstract = {{Embedded systems require a high energy efficiency in combination with an optimized performance. As such, Bit Manipulation Instructions (BMIs) were introduced for x86 and ARMv8 to improve the runtime efficiency and power dissipation of the compiled software for various applications. Though the RISC-V platform is meanwhile widely accepted for embedded systems application, its instruction set architecture (ISA) currently still supports only two basic BMIs.We introduce ten advanced BMIs for the RISC-V ISA and implemented them on Berkeley's Rocket CPU [1], which we synthesized for the Artix-7 FPGA and the TSMC 65nm cell library. Our RISC-V BMI definitions are based on an analysis and combination of existing x86 and ARMv8 BMIs. Our Rocket CPU hardware extensions show that RISC-V BMI extensions have no negative impact on the critical path of the execution pipeline. Our software evaluations show that we can, for example, expect a significant impact for time and power consuming cryptographic applications.}},
author = {{Koppelmann, Bastian and Adelt, Peer and Müller, Wolfgang and Scheytt, Christoph}},
booktitle = {{29th International Symposium on Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation (PATMOS)}},
title = {{{RISC-V Extensions for Bit Manipulation Instructions}}},
doi = {{10.1109/PATMOS.2019.8862170}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inproceedings{24060,
abstract = {{In diesem Artikel stellen wir eine Methode zur nicht-invasiven dynamischen Speicher- und IO-Analyse mit QEMU für sicherheitskritische eingebettete Software für die RISC-V Befehlssatzarchitektur vor. Die Implementierung basiert auf einer Erweiterung des Tiny Code Generator (TCG) des quelloffenen CPU-Emulators QEMU um die dynamische Identifikation von Zugriffen auf Datenspeicher sowie auf an die CPU angeschlossene IO-Geräte. Wir demonstrieren die Funktionalität der Methode anhand eines Versuchsaufbaus, bei dem eine Schließsystemkontrolle mittels serieller UART-Schnittstelle an einen RISC-V-Prozessor angebunden ist. Dieses Szenario zeigt, dass ein unberechtigter Zugriff auf die UART-Schnittstelle frühzeitig aufgedeckt und ein Angriff auf eine Zugangskontrolle somit endeckt werden kann. }},
author = {{Adelt, Peer and Koppelmann, Bastian and Müller, Wolfgang and Scheytt, Christoph}},
booktitle = {{MBMV 2019-22.Workshop Methoden und Beschreibungssprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation von Schaltungen und Systemen (MBMV 2019)}},
isbn = {{978-3-8007-4945-4}},
title = {{{Analyse sicherheitskritischer Software für RISC-V Prozessoren}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inproceedings{24502,
abstract = {{Liquid atomization is expected to be a key process in Flame Spray Pyrolysis, as it determines the primary droplet size and velocity distribution, which represent initial conditions for flame shape and temperature field. A well-defined manipulation of atomization may be achieved by variation of nozzle geometry, injection parameter or fluid properties. However, change of fluid properties, e.g. varying solvents or increasing the precursor concentration, also influences the final particle properties. In this work, the influence of precursor concentration on fluid properties, spray and particle formation in Flame Spray Pyrolysis is experimentally investigated. High-speed shadowgraphy and Phase-Doppler measurements are conducted in a semi-closed combustion chamber with a well-defined burner geometry (SpraySyn burner) that is based on a coaxial atomization principle. By adding precursor to the flammable solvent, resulting spray characteristics, flame shape and appearance are changed in color, shape and mean droplet size distribution. Compared to resulting mean droplet sizes of pure solvent mixtures (D32, 22 μm), mean droplet sizes in the center of the precursor flame at 30 mm above the burner are generally smaller (D32, 18 μm). Persisting high share of small droplets in the droplet size distribution are presented, that presumably origin from an accumulation of metal organic precursor at the droplet surface during combustion, that acts as a diffusive barrier for high volatility solvent and thus reduces droplet evaporation. Sufficiently high above the nozzle exit, increasing the precursor concentration does not affect the radial distribution of mean droplet sizes but leads to increased mean particle sizes. More precursor presumably leads to higher concentrations of prime particles in the flame, thus probability of particle collusion and agglomeration. High-speed imaging at nozzle exit revealed random fluctuations of initial jet diameter, paired with jet axis shifting around 1000 Hz. These superposed fluctuations determine the initial conditions for atomization, induce pulsations in the flame and thus initiate the entire chain of the particle synthesis process.}},
author = {{Bieber, M. and Tischendorf, R. and Reddemann, M. and Schmid, H.-J. and Kneer, R.}},
keywords = {{FSP, nanoparticle synthesis, in situ measurements}},
location = {{Paris}},
publisher = {{ILASS (European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems)}},
title = {{{Influence of precursor concentration on spray and particle formation in flame spray pyrolysis}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{24632,
abstract = {{Prerequisite for an efficient cooling energy system is the knowledge and optimal combination of different operating conditions of individual compression and free cooling chillers. The performance of cooling systems depends on their part-load performance and their condensing temperature, which are often not continuously measured. Recorded energy data remain unused, and manufacturers’ data differ from the real performance. For this purpose, manufacturer and real data are combined and continuously adapted to form part-load chiller models. This study applied a predictive optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal operating conditions of multiple chillers. A sprinkler tank offers the opportunity to store cold-water for later utilization. This potential is used to show the load shifting potential of the cooling system by using a variable electricity price as an input variable to the optimization. The set points from the optimization have been continuously adjusted throughout a dynamic simulation. A case study of a plastic processing company evaluates different scenarios against the status quo. Applying an optimal chiller sequencing and charging strategy of a sprinkler tank leads to electrical energy savings of up to 43%. Purchasing electricity on the EPEX SPOT market leads to additional costs savings of up to 17%. The total energy savings highly depend on the weather conditions and the prediction horizon.}},
author = {{Peesel, Ron-Hendrik and Schlosser, Florian and Meschede, Henning and Dunkelberg, Heiko and Walmsley, Timothy}},
issn = {{1996-1073}},
journal = {{Energies}},
title = {{{Optimization of Cooling Utility System with Continuous Self-Learning Performance Models}}},
doi = {{10.3390/en12101926}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inproceedings{25755,
author = {{Moritzer, Elmar and Wittke, M.}},
booktitle = {{77th Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC)}},
location = {{Detroit (USA)}},
title = {{{Simulation-based Optimization of Advanced Mixing Elements on Single Screw Extruders}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27003,
author = {{Perrar, Ines and Schmitting, Sarah and Della Corte, Karen W. and Buyken, Anette and Alexy, Ute}},
issn = {{1436-6207}},
journal = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
pages = {{1043--1054}},
title = {{{Age and time trends in sugar intake among children and adolescents: results from the DONALD study}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00394-019-01965-y}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27004,
author = {{Wong, Tommy H. T. and Buyken, Anette and Brand-Miller, Jennie C. and Louie, Jimmy Chun Yu}},
issn = {{1436-6207}},
journal = {{European Journal of Nutrition}},
pages = {{2357--2367}},
title = {{{Is there a soft drink vs. alcohol seesaw? A cross-sectional analysis of dietary data in the Australian Health Survey 2011–12}}},
doi = {{10.1007/s00394-019-02084-4}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27005,
abstract = {{ABSTRACT
Background
There is controversy on the relevance of dietary sugar intake for cardiometabolic health.
Objective
The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to assess how isocaloric substitutions of dietary sugar with other carbohydrates affect cardiometabolic risk factors, comparing different intervention studies.
Methods
We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the isocaloric effect of substituting dietary sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose) with other sugars or starch on cardiometabolic risk markers, including LDL cholesterol, triacylglycerol (TG), fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), uric acid, C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and liver fat content. To identify the most beneficial intervention for each outcome, random-effects NMA was conducted by calculating pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs, and by ranking the surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRAs). The certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Confidence In Network Meta-Analysis tool.
Results
Thirty-eight RCTs, including 1383 participants, were identified. A reduction in LDL-cholesterol concentrations was shown for the exchange of sucrose with starch (MD: −0.23 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.38, −0.07 mmol/L) or fructose with starch (MD: −0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.39, −0.05 mmol/L; SUCRAstarch: 98%). FG concentrations were also lower for the exchange of sucrose with starch (MD: −0.14 mmol/L; 95% CI: −0.29, 0.01 mmol/L; SUCRAstarch: 91%). Replacing fructose with an equivalent energy amount of glucose reduced HOMA-IR (MD: −0.36; 95% CI: −0.71, −0.02; SUCRAglucose: 74%) and uric acid (MD: −23.77 µmol/L; 95% CI: −44.21, −3.32 µmol/L; SUCRAglucose: 93%). The certainty of evidence was rated very low to moderate. No significant effects were observed for TG, HbA1c, CRP, ALT, and AST.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that substitution of sucrose and fructose with starch yielded lower LDL cholesterol. Insulin resistance and uric acid concentrations were beneficially affected by replacement of fructose with glucose. Our findings are limited by the very low to moderate certainty of evidence. This review was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero as CRD42018080297.
}},
author = {{Schwingshackl, Lukas and Neuenschwander, Manuela and Hoffmann, Georg and Buyken, Anette and Schlesinger, Sabrina}},
issn = {{0002-9165}},
journal = {{The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition}},
title = {{{Dietary sugars and cardiometabolic risk factors: a network meta-analysis on isocaloric substitution interventions}}},
doi = {{10.1093/ajcn/nqz273}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27006,
abstract = {{Trend analyses suggest that free sugar (FS) intake—while still exceeding 10%E—has decreased among German children and adolescents since 2005, yet that intakes may shift from sugars naturally occurring in foods to added sugars as children age. Thus, we analysed time and age trends in FS intake (%E) from food groups among 3–18 year-olds (1985–2016) using 10,761 3-day dietary records from 1312 DONALD participants (660 boys, 652 girls) by use of polynomial mixed-effects regression models. Among girls, FS from sugar & sweets decreased from 1985 to 2016 (linear trend p < 0.0001), but not among boys (p > 0.05). In the total sample, FS intake from juices increased until 2000 and decreased since 2005 (linear, quadratic trend p < 0.0001). FS from sugar sweetened beverages (SSB) decreased non-linearly from 1985 to 2016 (girls: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p < 0.0001; boys: linear, quadratic, cubic trend p < 0.02). Younger children consumed more FS from juices than older ones, who had a higher FS intake from SSB. FS intake from sugar & sweets increased until early adolescence and decreased afterwards. Since sugar & sweets represent the main source of FS intake and the source with the least pronounced decline in intake, public health measures should focus on these products.}},
author = {{Perrar, Ines and Schadow, Alena M. and Schmitting, Sarah and Buyken, Anette and Alexy, Ute}},
issn = {{2072-6643}},
journal = {{Nutrients}},
title = {{{Time and Age Trends in Free Sugar Intake from Food Groups among Children and Adolescents between 1985 and 2016}}},
doi = {{10.3390/nu12010020}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27023,
abstract = {{Abstract
Background
Blood immunoreactive biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), and metabolic abnormalities have been associated with schizophrenia. Studies comprehensively and bidirectionally probing possible causal links between such blood constituents and liability to schizophrenia are lacking.
Methods
To disentangle putative causal links between CRP blood levels and schizophrenia in both directions, we conducted multiple univariable Mendelian-randomization (MR) analyses, ranging from fixed-effect to inverse variance-weighted (IVW), weighted-median, MR Egger and generalized summary-data-based Mendelian-randomization (GSMR) models. To prioritize metabolic risk factors for schizophrenia, a novel multivariable approach was applied: multivariable Mendelian-randomization–Bayesian model averaging (MR-BMA).
Results
All forward univariable MR analyses consistently showed that CRP has a protective effect on schizophrenia, whereas reverse MR analyses consistently suggested absent causal effects of schizophrenia liability on CRP blood levels. Using MR-BMA, as the top protective factors for schizophrenia we prioritized leucine and as the prime risk-factor triglycerides in medium very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). The five best-performing MR-BMA models provided one additional risk factor: triglycerides in large VLDL; and two additional protective factors: citrate and lactate.
Conclusions
Our results add to a growing body of literature hinting at metabolic changes—in particular of triglycerides—independently of medication status in schizophrenia. We also highlight the absent effects of genetic liability to schizophrenia on CRP levels.
}},
author = {{Lin, Bochao D and Alkema, Anne and Peters, Triinu and Zinkstok, Janneke and Libuda, Lars and Hebebrand, Johannes and Antel, Jochen and Hinney, Anke and Cahn, Wiepke and Adan, Roger and Luykx, Jurjen J}},
issn = {{0300-5771}},
journal = {{International Journal of Epidemiology}},
pages = {{1505--1514}},
title = {{{Assessing causal links between metabolic traits, inflammation and schizophrenia: a univariable and multivariable, bidirectional Mendelian-randomization study}}},
doi = {{10.1093/ije/dyz176}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27024,
author = {{Kalhoff, Hermann and Mesch, Christina M. and Stimming, Madlen and Israel, Andreas and Spitzer, Christoph and Beganovic, Latifa and Perez, Rocio Estella and Koletzko, Berthold and Warschburger, Petra and Kersting, Mathilde and Libuda, Lars}},
issn = {{0954-3007}},
journal = {{European Journal of Clinical Nutrition}},
pages = {{682--690}},
title = {{{Effects of LC-PUFA supply via complementary food on infant development—a food based intervention (RCT) embedded in a total diet concept}}},
doi = {{10.1038/s41430-019-0491-0}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@inbook{27379,
author = {{Schlegel-Matthies, Kirsten}},
booktitle = {{Verbraucherbildung: Ein weiter Weg zum mündigen Verbraucher }},
editor = {{Bala, Christian and Buddensiek, Marit and Maier, Petra and Schuldzinski, Wolfgang}},
isbn = {{978-3-86336-924-8 }},
pages = {{41--60}},
publisher = {{Kompetenzzentrum Verbraucherforschung NRW, Verbraucherzentrale Nordrhein-Westfalen e.V.}},
title = {{{Verbraucherbildung als Bildung für Lebensführung}}},
doi = {{10.15501/978-3-86336-924-8_3}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27380,
abstract = {{Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie haushaltsbezogene Bildung als Ernährungs- und Verbraucherbildung umgesetzt werden kann, damit Jugendliche selbstbestimmt und verantwortlich ihre individuellen Vorstellungen von einem „guten“ und „gelingenden“ Leben umsetzen können. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Zusammenwirken von gesellschaftlicher Lebensweise, privater Lebensführung und individuellen Lebensstilen erweist sich dabei als bedeutsam.}},
author = {{Schlegel-Matthies, Kirsten}},
issn = {{2196-1662}},
journal = {{Haushalt in Bildung & Forschung}},
pages = {{88--106}},
title = {{{Haushaltsbezogene Bildung – quo vadis? Daseinsvorsorge und Lebensführung im Wandel}}},
doi = {{10.3224/hibifo.v8i2.07}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27758,
abstract = {{Published meta-analyses indicate significant but inconsistent incident type-2 diabetes (T2D)-dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) risk ratios or risk relations (RR). It is now over a decade ago that a published meta-analysis used a predefined standard to identify valid studies. Considering valid studies only, and using random effects dose–response meta-analysis (DRM) while withdrawing spurious results (p < 0.05), we ascertained whether these relations would support nutrition guidance, specifically for an RR > 1.20 with a lower 95% confidence limit >1.10 across typical intakes (approximately 10th to 90th percentiles of population intakes). The combined T2D–GI RR was 1.27 (1.15–1.40) (p < 0.001, n = 10 studies) per 10 units GI, while that for the T2D–GL RR was 1.26 (1.15–1.37) (p < 0.001, n = 15) per 80 g/d GL in a 2000 kcal (8400 kJ) diet. The corresponding global DRM using restricted cubic splines were 1.87 (1.56–2.25) (p < 0.001, n = 10) and 1.89 (1.66–2.16) (p < 0.001, n = 15) from 47.6 to 76.1 units GI and 73 to 257 g/d GL in a 2000 kcal diet, respectively. In conclusion, among adults initially in good health, diets higher in GI or GL were robustly associated with incident T2D. Together with mechanistic and other data, this supports that consideration should be given to these dietary risk factors in nutrition advice. Concerning the public health relevance at the global level, our evidence indicates that GI and GL are substantial food markers predicting the development of T2D worldwide, for persons of European ancestry and of East Asian ancestry.}},
author = {{Livesey, Geoffrey and Taylor, Richard and Livesey, Helen F. and Buyken, Anette and Jenkins, David J. A. and Augustin, Livia S. A. and Sievenpiper, John L. and Barclay, Alan W. and Liu, Simin and Wolever, Thomas M. S. and Willett, Walter C. and Brighenti, Furio and Salas-Salvadó, Jordi and Björck, Inger and Rizkalla, Salwa W. and Riccardi, Gabriele and Vecchia, Carlo La and Ceriello, Antonio and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Poli, Andrea and Astrup, Arne and Kendall, Cyril W. C. and Ha, Marie-Ann and Baer-Sinnott, Sara and Brand-Miller, Jennie C.}},
issn = {{2072-6643}},
journal = {{Nutrients}},
title = {{{Dietary Glycemic Index and Load and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-Analyses of Prospective Cohort Studies}}},
doi = {{10.3390/nu11061280}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27759,
abstract = {{While dietary factors are important modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D), the causal role of carbohydrate quality in nutrition remains controversial. Dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been examined in relation to the risk of T2D in multiple prospective cohort studies. Previous meta-analyses indicate significant relations but consideration of causality has been minimal. Here, the results of our recent meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies of 4 to 26-y follow-up are interpreted in the context of the nine Bradford-Hill criteria for causality, that is: (1) Strength of Association, (2) Consistency, (3) Specificity, (4) Temporality, (5) Biological Gradient, (6) Plausibility, (7) Experimental evidence, (8) Analogy, and (9) Coherence. These criteria necessitated referral to a body of literature wider than prospective cohort studies alone, especially in criteria 6 to 9. In this analysis, all nine of the Hill’s criteria were met for GI and GL indicating that we can be confident of a role for GI and GL as causal factors contributing to incident T2D. In addition, neither dietary fiber nor cereal fiber nor wholegrain were found to be reliable or effective surrogate measures of GI or GL. Finally, our cost–benefit analysis suggests food and nutrition advice favors lower GI or GL and would produce significant potential cost savings in national healthcare budgets. The high confidence in causal associations for incident T2D is sufficient to consider inclusion of GI and GL in food and nutrient-based recommendations.}},
author = {{Livesey, Geoffrey and Taylor, Richard and Livesey, Helen F. and Buyken, Anette and Jenkins, David J. A. and Augustin, Livia S. A. and Sievenpiper, John L. and Barclay, Alan W. and Liu, Simin and Wolever, Thomas M. S. and Willett, Walter C. and Brighenti, Furio and Salas-Salvadó, Jordi and Björck, Inger and Rizkalla, Salwa W. and Riccardi, Gabriele and Vecchia, Carlo La and Ceriello, Antonio and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Poli, Andrea and Astrup, Arne and Kendall, Cyril W. C. and Ha, Marie-Ann and Baer-Sinnott, Sara and Brand-Miller, Jennie C.}},
issn = {{2072-6643}},
journal = {{Nutrients}},
title = {{{Dietary Glycemic Index and Load and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Assessment of Causal Relations}}},
doi = {{10.3390/nu11061436}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@article{27772,
author = {{Oluwagbemigun, Kolade and Buyken, Anette and Alexy, Ute and Schmid, Matthias and Herder, Christian and Nöthlings, Ute}},
issn = {{1475-2840}},
journal = {{Cardiovascular Diabetology}},
title = {{{Developmental trajectories of body mass index from childhood into late adolescence and subsequent late adolescence–young adulthood cardiometabolic risk markers}}},
doi = {{10.1186/s12933-019-0813-5}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@misc{17809,
author = {{N., N.}},
title = {{{Scalable Multi Objective Path Optimization for Multi-Laser Selective Laser Melting Scanning Systems}}},
year = {{2019}},
}
@unpublished{20341,
abstract = {{When implementing secure software, developers must ensure certain
requirements, such as the erasure of secret data after its use and execution in
real time. Such requirements are not explicitly captured by the C language and
could potentially be violated by compiler optimizations. As a result,
developers typically use indirect methods to hide their code's semantics from
the compiler and avoid unwanted optimizations. However, such workarounds are
not permanent solutions, as increasingly efficient compiler optimization causes
code that was considered secure in the past now vulnerable. This paper is a
literature review of (1) the security complications caused by compiler
optimizations, (2) approaches used by developers to mitigate optimization
problems, and (3) recent academic efforts towards enabling security engineers
to communicate implicit security requirements to the compiler. In addition, we
present a short study of six cryptographic libraries and how they approach the
issue of ensuring security requirements. With this paper, we highlight the need
for software developers and compiler designers to work together in order to
design efficient systems for writing secure software.}},
author = {{Shivarpatna Venkatesh, Ashwin Prasad and Handadi, A. Bhat and Mory, Martin}},
booktitle = {{arXiv:1907.02530}},
title = {{{Security Implications Of Compiler Optimizations On Cryptography -- A Review}}},
year = {{2019}},
}